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Gibbons–Hawking effect

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contains an event horizon and so can be associated a temperature. In the case of Schwarzschild spacetime this is the temperature
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only, but could also stand for the horizon of the visible universe, for instance.
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The term "causal horizon" does not necessarily refer to
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may be too technical for most readers to understand
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American Physical Society (APS): 2738–2751. 419: 393: 370: 335: 299: 279: 1015: 628:Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays 448: 998: 508: 144:introducing citations to additional sources 50:Learn how and when to remove these messages 1005: 991: 515: 501: 237:can be associated to each solution of the 213:Learn how and when to remove this message 100:Learn how and when to remove this message 84:, without removing the technical details. 134:Relevant discussion may be found on the 858:Stephen Hawking: Master of the Universe 612:The Large Scale Structure of Space–Time 1016: 874:Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking 842:God, the Universe and Everything Else 496: 82:make it understandable to non-experts 957: 882:Brave New World with Stephen Hawking 583:Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems 111: 56: 15: 719:George's Secret Key to the Universe 522: 13: 692:Brief Answers to the Big Questions 573:Gibbons–Hawking–York boundary term 14: 1045: 31:This article has multiple issues. 961: 684:The Dreams That Stuff Is Made Of 553:Chronology protection conjecture 127:relies largely or entirely on a 116: 61: 20: 743:George and the Unbreakable Code 358:. In this case the temperature 336:{\displaystyle T\propto M^{-1}} 39:or discuss these issues on the 941:Black hole information paradox 1: 727:George's Cosmic Treasure Hunt 442: 977:. You can help Knowledge by 636:The Nature of Space and Time 227:theory of general relativity 7: 946:Thorne–Hawking–Preskill bet 430: 10: 1050: 956: 850:Stephen Hawking's Universe 652:On the Shoulders of Giants 644:The Universe in a Nutshell 420:{\displaystyle T\propto H} 923: 900: 890:Genius by Stephen Hawking 833: 790: 767: 710: 660:A Briefer History of Time 603: 596: 543:Black hole thermodynamics 530: 823:The Theory of Everything 751:George and the Blue Moon 703:(2023, posthume message) 668:God Created the Integers 478:10.1103/physrevd.15.2738 287:of a black hole of mass 239:Einstein field equations 233:is the statement that a 155:"Gibbons–Hawking effect" 799:A Brief History of Time 735:George and the Big Bang 620:A Brief History of Time 378:is proportional to the 265:Schwarzschild spacetime 973:-related article is a 758:Unlocking the Universe 563:Gibbons–Hawking effect 558:Gibbons–Hawking ansatz 421: 395: 372: 337: 301: 281: 231:Gibbons–Hawking effect 700:On the Origin of Time 568:Gibbons–Hawking space 422: 396: 373: 338: 302: 282: 578:Hartle–Hawking state 405: 385: 362: 350:A second example is 311: 291: 271: 245:. It is named after 140:improve this article 470:1977PhRvD..15.2738G 1024:General relativity 931:In popular culture 908:Jane Wilde Hawking 861:(2008 documentary) 853:(1997 documentary) 417: 391: 368: 354:which contains an 333: 297: 277: 986: 985: 954: 953: 866:Genius of Britain 786: 785: 538:Hawking radiation 458:Physical Review D 437:Hawking radiation 394:{\displaystyle H} 371:{\displaystyle T} 345:Hawking radiation 300:{\displaystyle M} 280:{\displaystyle T} 223: 222: 215: 205: 204: 190: 110: 109: 102: 54: 1041: 1034:Relativity stubs 1007: 1000: 993: 965: 958: 776:My Brief History 676:The Grand Design 601: 600: 548:Micro black hole 517: 510: 503: 494: 493: 489: 426: 424: 423: 418: 400: 398: 397: 392: 380:Hubble parameter 377: 375: 374: 369: 342: 340: 339: 334: 332: 331: 306: 304: 303: 298: 286: 284: 283: 278: 241:that contains a 218: 211: 200: 197: 191: 189: 148: 120: 112: 105: 98: 94: 91: 85: 65: 64: 57: 46: 24: 23: 16: 1049: 1048: 1044: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1029:Stephen Hawking 1014: 1013: 1012: 1011: 955: 950: 919: 896: 829: 782: 763: 706: 592: 526: 524:Stephen Hawking 521: 445: 433: 406: 403: 402: 386: 383: 382: 363: 360: 359: 352:de Sitter space 324: 320: 312: 309: 308: 292: 289: 288: 272: 269: 268: 251:Stephen Hawking 219: 208: 207: 206: 201: 195: 192: 149: 147: 133: 121: 106: 95: 89: 86: 78:help improve it 75: 66: 62: 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 1047: 1037: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1010: 1009: 1002: 995: 987: 984: 983: 966: 952: 951: 949: 948: 943: 938: 933: 927: 925: 921: 920: 918: 917: 911: 904: 902: 898: 897: 895: 894: 886: 878: 870: 862: 854: 846: 837: 835: 831: 830: 828: 827: 819: 811: 803: 794: 792: 788: 787: 784: 783: 781: 780: 771: 769: 765: 764: 762: 761: 755: 747: 739: 731: 723: 714: 712: 708: 707: 705: 704: 696: 688: 680: 672: 664: 656: 648: 640: 632: 624: 616: 607: 605: 598: 594: 593: 591: 590: 588:Hawking energy 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 534: 532: 528: 527: 520: 519: 512: 505: 497: 491: 490: 454:Hawking, S. W. 450:Gibbons, G. W. 444: 441: 440: 439: 432: 429: 416: 413: 410: 390: 367: 330: 327: 323: 319: 316: 296: 276: 258:event horizons 243:causal horizon 221: 220: 203: 202: 138:. 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help improve it
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single source
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improve this article
introducing citations to additional sources
"Gibbons–Hawking effect"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
theory of general relativity
temperature
Einstein field equations
causal horizon
Gary Gibbons
Stephen Hawking
event horizons
Schwarzschild spacetime
Hawking radiation
de Sitter space
event horizon
Hubble parameter

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