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1091:, modern historians question whether the policy was initiated by Monck as opposed to following majority opinion, which by now was overwhelmingly in favour of reinstating the monarchy. Although elected MP for Devon, external observers noted he had little interest in politics while the lack of a regional power base in England and the proposed reduction of the army mitigated his future influence.
995:. Appointed military commander, he employed the ruthless tactics demonstrated in his previous assignments and by the end of 1655 the country had been pacified. He retained this position for the next five years, demonstrating his loyalty by removing any officers who expressed opposition to government policy and arresting religious dissidents.
1110:, retention by the current owners of property purchased during the same period, religious toleration and payment of arrears to the army. Based on these terms, Parliament resolved to proclaim Charles king and invited him to return to England; he left Holland on 24 May and entered London five days later.
840:
but
Charles was anxious to use these troops to help him win the war in England and in September 1643, Ormonde agreed a truce or "Cessation" with the Confederacy. Factions on both sides objected to the terms, which included negotiations on freedom of worship for Catholics and constitutional reforms.
841:
Protestants saw this as a threat, while many
Confederates felt they were on the verge of victory and gained nothing from the truce; they were also well aware any concessions Charles made to Catholics in Ireland undermined his position in England and Scotland.
1063:
By the end of 1659, England appeared to be drifting into anarchy, with widespread demands for new elections and an end to military rule. Monck declared his support for the Rump against the
Republican faction led by Lambert, while co-ordinating with Sir
1177:. Thereafter he avoided front-line politics and focused on maximising his personal wealth; his wife was notorious for selling offices, although this was a common practice and probably reflected resentment at her humble origins. In his diary,
1051:
broke out in August 1659, Monck considered joining it but the revolt collapsed before he had time to commit himself. In
October, the Wallingford House group dismissed the Rump before being forced to reinstate it in early December.
857:. Following Charles' surrender in May 1646, he accepted an appointment in one of the regiments sent to Ireland by Parliament as reinforcements; in September 1647, he was appointed Parliamentarian commander in Eastern Ulster.
3648:
2516:
852:
in
January 1644. Although prisoners were commonly exchanged, his experience and ability were so highly regarded that he remained in custody for the next two years, during which he wrote a military manual entitled
915:
Recalled to London, he was reprimanded by a
Parliamentary committee, although they privately recognised the desperate circumstances which made it necessary. Although some mistrusted Monck as a former Royalist,
1015:
elected in
January 1659 was dominated by moderate Presbyterians like Monck and Royalist sympathisers, whose main objective was to reduce the power and expense of the military. In April, army radicals led by
3573:
3688:
1250:, with Sandwich as his deputy and Monck took over his administrative duties at the Admiralty. He also gained a great deal of popularity for remaining in London throughout the 1665
3673:
2523:
628:
promised for his daughter, leading to a series of expensive legal disputes with his son-in-law. In 1625, Sir Thomas was imprisoned for debt and died in jail two years later.
3693:
679:
in July 1627; it is suggested one reason for doing so was his arrest for attempted murder in late 1626, when he and his brother Thomas assaulted
Nicholas Battyn, the
936:, Monck remained loyal to Cromwell, who appointed him military commander in Scotland until February 1652. At that time, Monck became seriously ill and retired to
3423:
3668:
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322:
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and widow of Thomas
Radford; his death was not legally confirmed until a year after their marriage, a fact which was later used against her. Her brother
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1303:
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Monck became a professional soldier, a common career choice for younger sons of impoverished gentry. His first experience was the failed attack on
1826:
17:
557:
Due to a combination of illness and lack of interest in politics, Monck faded into the background after 1660, but he returned to sea during the
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issued by
Charles on 4 April 1660 was largely based on Monck's recommendations. It promised a general pardon for actions committed during the
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2509:
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in 1640, when he saved the English artillery from capture. Lack of money meant the army was dissolved. Monck spent the next year unemployed.
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and requiring all his officers to sign a declaration of support. However, his position in Ulster became extremely precarious following the
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3159:
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2705:
2429:
1032:
dismissed by Cromwell in 1653 and began removing officers and officials of suspect loyalty, including many of those serving in Scotland.
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2192:
908:. As a result, they defected to the Royalist–Confederate alliance led by Ormond and in desperation, Monck agreed to a secret truce with
3350:
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attacks her as a "homely, plain dowd" and "filthy woman"; however, his views were coloured by the rivalry between Monck and his cousin
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3075:
3100:
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1862:
Clarges, Thomas (c. 1618–95), of Westminster and Stoke Poges, Bucks. in 'The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1660–1690'
1289:
which limited his ability to attend meetings. He died on 3 January 1670, followed three weeks later by his wife, and was buried in
1173:, Monck fell seriously ill once again in August 1661 and was replaced by Ormond, being "compensated" with the additional office of
652:
303:
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1080:. Outnumbered and unpaid, Lambert's troops melted away; on 2 February Monck entered London and in April elections were held for a
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Monck, Sir Thomas (1570–1627), of Potheridge, nr. Merton, Devon in 'The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1604–1629'
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Monck was left in place largely because rumours of another Royalist rising made it preferable to retain him. Both his cousin
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Allen, David (1979). "From George Monck to the Duke of Albemarle: His Contribution to Charles II's Government, 1660–1670".
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Smith, George (d. 1619), of Madford House, Exeter, Devon in 'The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1604–1629'
2096:
2027:
2008:
1989:
1947:
980:
921:
672:
539:
187:
2164:
730:, a Dutch success which was one of the last major actions of the war. After quarrelling with the civil authorities of
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in late December. At the same time, he marched his army to the English border, supported by a force raised by former
349:
1873:
Monck, George (1608–70), of Potheridge, Merton, Devon in 'The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1660–1690'
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3212:
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This was his last active command; the fleet had to be laid up due to lack of money, culminating in the humiliating
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in August 1642 meant Ormonde could no longer receive reinforcements or money from England, and by mid-1643, the
3608:
3490:
3172:
2910:
1928:
1150:, lands in Ireland and England worth £7,000 per year, an annual pension of £700 and various offices, including
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495:
The younger son of an impoverished Devon landowner, Monck began his military career in 1625 and served in the
364:
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1666; as a mark of public confidence in his abilities, Monck was appointed to restore order in the aftermath.
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One of the oldest families in Devon, the Moncks were relatively poor while Smith allegedly failed to pay the
1130:
2893:
2346:
1174:
1081:
988:
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Monck was among those who refused to swear allegiance to the king and was sent by Ormonde as a prisoner to
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112:
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1957:
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2402:
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1282:
1259:
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in June 1667 which ended the war. One of the few to escape censure by Parliament, Monck was appointed
761:
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354:
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3598:
3593:
2323:
1267:
806:
444:
392:
137:
59:
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and a major factor in the commercial tensions between the two countries that eventually led to the
1154:. He also obtained significant positions for his dependents and connections; John Grenville became
1151:
1143:
984:
953:
881:
554:
who wanted to restore the monarchy proved decisive in Charles II regaining his throne in May 1660.
462:
141:
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1025:
925:
810:
774:
504:
477:
400:
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832:
Most of Ormond's officers, including Monck, argued the Irish Army should remain neutral between
3335:
2838:
2787:
2037:
Sherman, Arnold A (1976). "Pressure from Leadenhall: The East India Company Lobby, 1660–1678".
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in 1665. The conflict was backed by Monck and other investors within the government, including
1228:
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1017:
965:
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in 1666. He lived in retirement for the last three years of his life and died in January 1670.
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435:
423:
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3177:
2687:
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1220:
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992:
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648:
551:
547:
485:
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dissolved Parliament and forced the resignation of Richard Cromwell. Sometimes known as the
3558:
3553:
3436:
3065:
2632:
1271:
1263:
1224:
1204:
1123:
1095:
900:. The Scots did not only object to the English killing their king without consultation. As
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50:
8:
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in July. In September he was recalled to help maintain order in the chaos created by the
1247:
1048:
909:
814:
550:. From 1655 to 1660, he was army commander in Scotland, and his support for moderates in
512:
459:
87:
44:
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3182:
2791:
2466:
2151:
2143:
2062:
2054:
1773:
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1147:
1088:
957:
912:, the Catholic leader in Ulster, which he did not communicate to Parliament until May.
889:
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723:
644:
614:
520:
481:
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396:
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When Oliver Cromwell died in September 1658, Monck transferred his support to his son
3149:
2479:
2230:
2155:
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2066:
2023:
2004:
1985:
1943:
1924:
1777:
1298:
1290:
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1139:
1021:
750:
690:, then considered the best place to learn the 'art of war' due to its success in the
687:
489:
388:
285:
1047:, asking for his help and offering up to £100,000 per year for his assistance. When
785:
to suppress it. Monck was made colonel of a regiment raised by his distant relative
3187:
2135:
2046:
1899:
1757:
1719:
1670:
1004:
933:
873:
865:
782:
738:
155:
126:
101:
47:
1911:
1806:
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2539:
2255:
1232:
1216:
1029:
972:
929:
917:
869:
602:
535:
404:
338:
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3300:
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3217:
2548:
1961:
1903:
1212:
1208:
1077:
1073:
1008:
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937:
848:, where he eventually agreed to support the Royalists before being captured at
802:
707:
703:
695:
636:
610:
577:
543:
224:
2139:
769:, Royalist commander who dominated Irish politics for much of the 17th century
631:
In January 1653, Monck married Anne Clarges (1619–1670), daughter of a London
3649:
Members of the pre-1707 Parliament of England for the University of Cambridge
3542:
3390:
3325:
3315:
2662:
2371:
2196:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 723–724.
2181:
1892:
Hutton, Ronald (2004). "Monck, George, first duke of Albemarle (1608–1670)".
1069:
668:
797:. Over the next eighteen months, he campaigned against rebel strongholds in
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2655:
1294:
1178:
1155:
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in order to recover. Due to his expertise in utilising artillery, when the
905:
897:
680:
609:. His siblings included an elder brother Thomas (died 1647) and a younger,
594:
1940:
The King's Revenge; Charles II and the Greatest Manhunt in British History
1818:
From Revolt to Riches: Culture and History of the Low Countries, 1500–1700
1761:
3040:
2940:
1103:
1040:
2147:
1769:
507:, he quickly gained a reputation for efficiency and ruthlessness. After
2058:
1525:
893:
880:
Monck proved his loyalty to Parliament by refusing to take part in the
586:
256:
71:
987:. Although the Dutch war did not formally end until the February 1654
3232:
932:, an action in which 800 civilians were allegedly killed. Throughout
901:
833:
826:
731:
527:
36:
2050:
1158:, while Nicholas Monck was appointed Bishop of Hereford, his cousin
1118:
2185:
991:, Monck was recalled and sent to Scotland to suppress the Royalist
837:
801:, during which he was responsible for several alleged massacres in
798:
640:
581:
Great Potheridge in 2014, the surviving wing of Monck's family home
516:
206:
904:, they viewed monarchy as divinely ordained, making the execution
845:
734:, he surrendered his commission and returned to England in 1638.
632:
500:
469:
523:
in January 1644 and remained a prisoner for the next two years.
1255:
822:
818:
790:
606:
531:
2126:
Worden, Blair (2010). "Oliver Cromwell and the Protectorate".
1513:
1266:
in June was a Dutch victory, offset by English success at the
1043:
and in July 1659, Nicholas brought him a personal appeal from
749:. Monck was one of the few to emerge with any credit from the
1286:
1165:
and his brother-in-law Thomas Commissary General of Musters.
625:
590:
260:
675:. He later joined the equally disastrous expedition against
3574:
Parliamentarian military personnel of the English Civil War
1824:
1531:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1059:
Charles leaves the Dutch Republic for England, 24 May 1660.
2202:
George Monck and the Restoration: victor without bloodshed
1688:
1566:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1341:
1219:
is named after him. He was also made a shareholder in the
1028:, the new regime abolished the Protectorate, reseated the
698:. Many officers who later fought on both sides during the
3689:
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Devon
1501:
1301:, was erected in the Abbey in Monck's honour. The ballad
1650:
1638:
1489:
1353:
561:
and played an important leadership role during the 1665
1590:
1554:
1537:
1448:
585:
Monck was born 6 December 1608 on the family estate of
2001:
Politics and War in the Three Stuart Kingdoms, 1637–49
1671:"Albemarle Sound inlet, North Carolina, United States"
1409:
718:, who was killed in the final assault and replaced by
1626:
1602:
1578:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1385:
1134:
Quartered arms of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
3694:
Royalist military personnel of the English Civil War
2074:
Stoyle, Mark (1993). "The Honour of General Monck".
1720:"EBBA 33061 – UCSB English Broadside Ballad Archive"
1700:
1614:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1375:
1373:
741:, he was lieutenant colonel in a regiment raised by
726:
under Goring and played a decisive role in storming
515:
in September 1643, he was captured fighting for the
3674:
English military personnel of the Eighty Years' War
2918:
Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer
1982:
Civil War: The Wars of the Three Kingdoms 1638–1660
1397:
920:gave him command of a regiment in the 1650 to 1651
499:until 1638, when he returned to England. Posted to
1921:Charles II: King of England, Scotland, and Ireland
1460:
817:controlled most of Ireland, with the exception of
714:in 1632, he served in a regiment commanded by the
3431:
1421:
1370:
756:
3540:
2718:Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh
1304:On the Death of His Grace, the Duke of Albemarle
1223:, established to challenge Dutch control of the
876:was based on his personal regard for its leader.
686:He spent most of the next decade serving in the
651:. They had one son who survived into adulthood,
2162:
1347:
1808:Monck, George in Dictionary of Irish Biography
1163:Secretary of State for the Northern Department
855:Observations on Military and Political Affairs
3417:
2966:
2517:
2105:
1364:
1262:shared command during the 1666 campaign; the
1039:and brother Nicholas were connected with the
597:(1570–1627) and Elizabeth Smith, daughter of
472:soldier, who fought on both sides during the
3669:Royal Navy personnel of the Anglo-Dutch Wars
2128:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
1898:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2706:Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton
1937:
1869:
1858:
1572:
1548:
1477:
1415:
1068:, a former colleague in Ireland who seized
888:in January 1649, since it was dominated by
3424:
3410:
2973:
2959:
2811:Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough
2524:
2510:
1880:
1391:
1203:In 1663, Monck was allocated lands in the
468:(6 December 1608 – 3 January 1670) was an
58:
27:English soldier and politician (1608–1670)
1827:"General George Monck's Regiment of Foot"
1815:
1454:
1113:
956:. He fought in the 1653 naval battles of
658:
503:as part of the army sent to suppress the
488:in 1660, who rewarded him with the title
2677:Francis Cottington, 1st Baron Cottington
2204:(Texas Christian University Press, 1975)
2180:
2163:Yerby, George; Hunneyball, Paul (2010).
2086:
1962:"The influence of Calvinism on politics"
1852:Restoration; Charles II and his kingdoms
1507:
1191:
1129:
1117:
1054:
864:
760:
653:Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle
576:
476:. A prominent military figure under the
304:Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle
3644:Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
2904:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2874:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2850:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2827:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2747:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2607:Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex
2036:
1956:
1895:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1694:
1519:
1087:While his backing was essential to the
667:in November 1625, when he served as an
154:July 1660 – January 1670
100:June 1667 – January 1670
14:
3541:
2924:Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury
2125:
2073:
1918:
1891:
1849:
1804:
1632:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1560:
1471:
1442:
1379:
971:In April 1653, Cromwell dissolved the
683:responsible for jailing their father.
313:Professional soldier and naval officer
3405:
2954:
2670:Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Lyttelton
2601:Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester
2572:Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton
2505:
2211:(2 vol., John Wiley & Sons, 2008)
2209:The Restoration: England in the 1660s
2017:
1998:
1979:
1747:
1706:
1656:
1644:
1620:
1495:
1403:
1285:but he was now suffering from severe
805:and also took part in the March 1643
793:in January 1642 and served under the
671:in a company commanded by his cousin
605:and reputed to be the richest man in
3213:Sir Archibald Montgomery-Massingberd
3160:Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff
2882:Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle
2858:Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax
2769:Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester
2739:Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester
2649:Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland
2559:Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset
2231:Duke of Albemarle's Regiment of Foot
1938:Jordan, Don; Walsh, Michael (2012).
1254:when most of the government fled to
1183:Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich
944:began in November, Monck was made a
787:Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester
743:Mountjoy Blount, 1st Earl of Newport
3549:George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
2819:John Lowther, 1st Viscount Lonsdale
2712:George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
2580:Thomas Egerton, 1st Baron Ellesmere
2565:Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury
1859:Helms, MW; Naylor, Leonard (1983).
1668:
572:
457:George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
219:April 1654 – February 1660
24:
3243:The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein
3129:
2866:Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville
2699:Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon
2643:James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough
2613:James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough
2587:Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk
1293:. Some years later a monument, by
1246:Command of the fleet was given to
998:
860:
179:June 1660 – February 1662
25:
3720:
3684:Members of Cromwell's Other House
2998:Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces
2982:Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces
2803:John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse
2776:John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse
2724:Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds
1825:General George Monck’s Regiment.
480:, his support was crucial to the
3522:
3521:
3507:
2731:Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex
2622:
2263:Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
1870:Helms, MW; Ferris, John (1983).
975:and in June Monck was nominated
321:
2441:Chief Minister of Great Britain
2174:
1784:
1712:
1662:
1532:General George Monck’s Regiment
1483:
809:. However, the outbreak of the
526:Released in 1647, he was named
200:April 1660 – July 1660
84:Chief Minister of Great Britain
18:George Monck, Duke of Albemarle
2911:John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett
2455:The Lord Clifford of Chudleigh
1317:
1207:, now the modern US states of
1146:; he also received the former
781:approved the recruitment of a
757:Ireland and England, 1641–1646
747:Master-General of the Ordnance
13:
1:
3704:Military personnel from Devon
3654:English justices of the peace
3624:Lords Proprietors of Carolina
3619:Lord-lieutenants of Middlesex
3564:17th-century English nobility
1334:
1138:In July 1660, Monck was made
1013:Third Protectorate Parliament
702:did the same, among them Sir
350:Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630)
295:Anne Clarges (1653–his death)
64:
3659:English MPs 1653 (Barebones)
3639:Fellows of the Royal Society
3629:People from Great Torrington
3569:Burials at Westminster Abbey
2935:Italics indicate service as
2347:Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex
1912:UK public library membership
1307:was composed in his honour.
1175:Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex
1106:, with the exception of the
639:(1618–1695) was a committed
492:and other senior positions.
360:Anglo-French War (1627–1629)
113:Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex
7:
3679:Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
3278:Chiefs of the General Staff
2986:Chiefs of the General Staff
2108:"George and Nicholas Monck"
2039:The Business History Review
1348:Yerby & Hunneyball 2010
890:Scots Presbyterian settlers
643:who was knighted after the
534:, fought in Scotland under
511:agreed to a truce with the
10:
3725:
3579:Coldstream Guards officers
3463:Baron Berkeley of Stratton
3142:Chief of the General Staff
2937:First Lord of the Treasury
2822:(March 1690–November 1690)
2806:(December 1688–April 1689)
2445:First Lord of the Treasury
2403:Prince Rupert of the Rhine
2383:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
2020:England in Crisis, 1640–60
1741:
1283:First Lord of the Treasury
700:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
474:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
384:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
277:Potheridge, Devon, England
125:1662 – 1670
3614:Lord-lieutenants of Devon
3516:
3505:
3443:
3276:
3158:
3140:
3127:
2996:
2933:
2892:
2837:
2786:
2757:
2686:
2631:
2620:
2547:
2490:
2477:
2472:
2465:
2451:
2438:
2426:
2416:
2407:
2399:
2389:
2380:
2368:
2363:
2353:
2344:
2332:
2324:Custos Rotulorum of Devon
2321:
2311:
2302:
2284:
2279:
2269:
2260:
2247:
2237:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2140:10.1017/S0080440110000058
2112:Westminster Abbey burials
2089:The King's War, 1641–1647
1881:Hunneyball, Paul (2010).
737:During the 1639 and 1640
647:and had a long career in
450:
344:
334:
329:
317:
309:
299:
291:
281:
267:
250:
245:
241:
230:
223:
212:
204:
193:
183:
172:
165:
147:
136:
118:
111:
93:
82:
78:
57:
34:
2305:Lord Lieutenant of Devon
1816:Dunthorne, Hugh (2017).
1310:
1152:Lord Lieutenant of Devon
882:Second English Civil War
546:during the 1652 to 1654
142:Lord Lieutenant of Devon
3604:New Model Army generals
3381:Sir Mark Carleton-Smith
2943:was ruled by Commission
2814:(April 1689–March 1690)
2430:The Earl of Southampton
2193:Encyclopædia Britannica
1980:Royle, Trevor (2006) .
1919:Hutton, Ronald (1989).
1876:. Brewer & Boydell.
1865:. Brewer & Boydell.
1787:"The Cessation of Arms"
1573:Jordan & Walsh 2012
1549:Helms & Ferris 1983
1522:, pp. 5–19 passim.
1416:Helms & Naylor 1983
1026:Wallingford House party
811:First English Civil War
775:Irish Rebellion of 1641
619:Provost of Eton College
505:Irish Rebellion of 1641
355:Cádiz expedition (1625)
3699:Lords of the Admiralty
3134:
2542:(1603–1649; 1660–1714)
2420:The Duke of Buckingham
2087:Wedgwood, CV (2001) .
1904:10.1093/ref:odnb/18939
1805:Clavin, Terry (2009).
1268:St. James's Day Battle
1229:Second Anglo-Dutch War
1200:
1171:Lord Deputy of Ireland
1135:
1127:
1114:Later career and death
1060:
886:execution of Charles I
877:
872:; Monck's support for
770:
659:Early career, pre-1641
582:
563:Great Plague of London
559:Second Anglo-Dutch War
445:St. James's Day Battle
436:Second Anglo-Dutch War
205:Commander-in-Chief of
167:Lord Deputy of Ireland
3609:Knights of the Garter
3193:Sir William Robertson
3168:Sir William Nicholson
3150:Sir Neville Lyttelton
3133:
2734:(March–November 1679)
2702:(June–September 1660)
2459:(Lord High Treasurer)
2434:(Lord High Treasurer)
2340:The Earl of Berkshire
2018:Sharp, David (2000).
1999:Scott, David (2003).
1762:10.1353/bio.2010.0843
1724:ebba.english.ucsb.edu
1221:Royal African Company
1196:Monument to Monck in
1195:
1185:, for control of the
1142:and appointed to the
1133:
1121:
1082:Convention Parliament
1058:
989:Treaty of Westminster
985:Barebone's Parliament
942:First Anglo-Dutch War
868:
764:
722:. By 1637, Monck was
712:capture of Maastricht
673:Sir Richard Grenville
580:
548:First Anglo-Dutch War
530:commander in Eastern
411:First Anglo-Dutch War
41:The Duke of Albemarle
3484:Sir William Berkeley
3188:Sir Archibald Murray
2830:(November 1690–1694)
2779:(1687–December 1688)
2742:(November 1679–1684)
2536:Lord High Treasurers
2187:"Monk, George"
2091:. Penguin Classics.
1969:Theology in Scotland
1850:Harris, Tim (2006).
1272:Great Fire of London
1225:Atlantic slave trade
1205:Province of Carolina
1124:Great Fire of London
1096:Declaration of Breda
1041:Royalist underground
1007:, who was appointed
815:Catholic Confederacy
593:, second son of Sir
567:Great Fire of London
538:in the 1650 to 1652
513:Catholic Confederacy
184:Member of Parliament
3498:Earl of Shaftesbury
3477:Sir George Carteret
3386:Sir Patrick Sanders
3361:Sir Richard Dannatt
3341:Sir Charles Guthrie
3263:Sir Francis Festing
3228:Sir Edmund Ironside
3178:Sir Charles Douglas
3026:Duke of Marlborough
3016:Earl of Marlborough
2926:(July–October 1714)
2410:Master of the Horse
2393:The Duke of Ormonde
2290:English Interregnum
2106:Westminster Abbey.
1923:. Clarendon Press.
1697:, pp. 331–332.
1659:, pp. 100–101.
1647:, pp. 102–103.
1498:, pp. 211–212.
1248:James, Duke of York
1169:Although appointed
613:(1609–1661), later
88:Lord High Treasurer
3589:Dukes of Albemarle
3366:Sir David Richards
3351:Sir Michael Walker
3301:Sir Michael Carver
3296:Sir Geoffrey Baker
3258:Sir Gerald Templer
3218:Sir Cyril Deverell
3135:
3101:Duke of Wellington
3091:Duke of Wellington
3056:Marquess of Granby
3051:Viscount Ligionier
3046:Duke of Cumberland
2467:Peerage of England
2364:Political offices
2357:The Earl of Craven
2336:The Earl of Dorset
2294:Title last held by
2252:Title last held by
2241:The Earl of Craven
1279:raid on the Medway
1201:
1148:Palace of Beaulieu
1136:
1128:
1094:Nevertheless, the
1061:
993:Glencairn's rising
924:, which fought at
922:Anglo-Scottish War
878:
807:Battle of New Ross
789:, which landed in
771:
724:lieutenant colonel
645:Stuart Restoration
615:Bishop of Hereford
583:
540:Anglo-Scottish War
430:Glencairn's rising
3584:Deaths from edema
3536:
3535:
3491:Sir John Colleton
3456:Earl of Clarendon
3449:Duke of Albemarle
3433:Lords Proprietors
3399:
3398:
3391:Sir Roland Walker
3346:Sir Roger Wheeler
3326:Sir Nigel Bagnall
3316:Sir Edwin Bramall
3291:Sir James Cassels
3223:The Viscount Gort
3203:The Earl of Cavan
3116:Viscount Wolseley
3111:Duke of Cambridge
3106:Viscount Hardinge
3006:Duke of Albemarle
2948:
2947:
2726:(1673–March 1679)
2500:
2499:
2494:Christopher Monck
2491:Succeeded by
2480:Duke of Albemarle
2452:Succeeded by
2417:Succeeded by
2390:Succeeded by
2354:Succeeded by
2312:Succeeded by
2270:Succeeded by
2238:Succeeded by
2218:Military offices
1942:. Little, Brown.
1910:(Subscription or
1599:, pp. 43–44.
1563:, pp. 82–83.
1510:, pp. 82–83.
1365:Westminster Abbey
1299:Peter Scheemakers
1291:Westminster Abbey
1264:Four Days' Battle
1198:Westminster Abbey
1140:Duke of Albemarle
1022:Charles Fleetwood
892:, supported by a
751:Battle of Newburn
692:Eighty Years' War
688:Dutch States Army
565:, as well as the
497:Eighty Years' War
490:Duke of Albemarle
454:
453:
441:Four Days' Battle
370:Eighty Years' War
286:Westminster Abbey
16:(Redirected from
3716:
3664:English MPs 1660
3599:English generals
3594:English admirals
3529:
3525:
3524:
3511:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3403:
3402:
3356:Sir Mike Jackson
3331:Sir John Chapple
3321:Sir John Stanier
3311:Sir Roland Gibbs
3286:Sir Richard Hull
3268:Sir Richard Hull
3253:Sir John Harding
3248:Sir William Slim
3208:Sir George Milne
3198:Sir Henry Wilson
3183:Sir James Murray
3081:Sir David Dundas
3021:Duke of Leinster
3011:Duke of Monmouth
2975:
2968:
2961:
2952:
2951:
2920:(1711–July 1714)
2626:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2427:Preceded by
2400:Preceded by
2369:Preceded by
2333:Preceded by
2315:The Earl of Bath
2280:Honorary titles
2215:
2214:
2207:Keeble, Neil H.
2200:Jamison, Ted R.
2197:
2189:
2170:
2159:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2102:
2083:
2070:
2033:
2014:
1995:
1976:
1966:
1953:
1934:
1915:
1907:
1888:
1877:
1866:
1855:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1833:. Archived from
1821:
1812:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1781:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1368:
1362:
1351:
1345:
1328:
1321:
1066:Theophilus Jones
1049:Booth's Uprising
934:the Protectorate
874:The Protectorate
834:Parliamentarians
599:Sir George Smith
573:Personal details
542:, and served as
330:Military service
325:
274:
246:Personal details
235:
217:
198:
177:
160:
152:
138:Custos Rotulorum
131:
123:
106:
98:
69:
66:
62:
32:
31:
21:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3520:
3512:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3439:
3430:
3400:
3395:
3376:Sir Nick Carter
3272:
3238:Sir Alan Brooke
3173:Sir John French
3154:
3136:
3125:
3031:Duke of Ormonde
2992:
2979:
2949:
2944:
2929:
2896:
2888:
2841:
2833:
2794:
2782:
2761:
2753:
2690:
2682:
2635:
2627:
2618:
2551:
2543:
2540:House of Stuart
2530:
2496:
2487:
2483:
2461:
2458:
2448:
2443:
2436:
2433:
2422:
2413:
2405:
2395:
2386:
2378:
2374:
2359:
2350:
2342:
2338:
2327:
2317:
2308:
2298:Duke of Bedford
2295:
2292:
2275:
2266:
2256:Oliver Cromwell
2253:
2243:
2234:
2229:Colonel of the
2177:
2116:
2114:
2099:
2051:10.2307/3112999
2030:
2011:
1992:
1964:
1960:(Autumn 2009).
1958:Macleod, Donald
1950:
1931:
1909:
1840:
1838:
1795:
1793:
1744:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1705:
1701:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1667:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1547:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1506:
1502:
1494:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1470:
1461:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1402:
1398:
1392:Hunneyball 2010
1390:
1386:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1354:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1233:George Carteret
1217:Albemarle Sound
1168:
1116:
1030:Rump Parliament
1001:
999:The Restoration
973:Rump Parliament
918:Oliver Cromwell
870:Oliver Cromwell
863:
861:The Interregnum
759:
745:, who was also
677:St Martin-de-Ré
661:
603:Mayor of Exeter
575:
536:Oliver Cromwell
528:Parliamentarian
439:
433:
427:
414:
408:
387:
381:
373:
367:
365:St Martin-de-Ré
363:
357:
353:
339:Captain general
276:
272:
255:
254:6 December 1608
236:
231:
218:
213:
199:
194:
185:
178:
173:
156:
153:
148:
127:
124:
119:
102:
99:
94:
86:
74:
67:
53:
42:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3722:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3470:Earl of Craven
3466:
3459:
3452:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3429:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3406:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3371:Sir Peter Wall
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3336:Sir Peter Inge
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3306:Sir Peter Hunt
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3282:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2978:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2955:
2946:
2945:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2921:
2915:
2907:
2900:
2898:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2878:
2870:
2862:
2854:
2845:
2843:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2807:
2798:
2796:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2772:
2765:
2763:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2743:
2735:
2727:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2694:
2692:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2674:
2666:
2660:
2652:
2646:
2639:
2637:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2590:
2584:
2576:
2568:
2562:
2555:
2553:
2545:
2544:
2529:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2506:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2489:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2453:
2450:
2437:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2415:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2388:
2379:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2352:
2343:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2310:
2301:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2259:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2184:, ed. (1911).
2182:Chisholm, Hugh
2176:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2160:
2123:
2103:
2098:978-0141390727
2097:
2084:
2071:
2045:(3): 329–355.
2034:
2029:978-0435327149
2028:
2015:
2010:978-0333658741
2009:
1996:
1991:978-0349115641
1990:
1977:
1954:
1949:978-1408703281
1948:
1935:
1929:
1916:
1889:
1878:
1867:
1856:
1847:
1822:
1813:
1802:
1782:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1711:
1709:, p. 114.
1699:
1687:
1675:Britannica.com
1669:McKenna, Amy.
1661:
1649:
1637:
1635:, p. 131.
1625:
1623:, p. 175.
1613:
1611:, p. 128.
1601:
1589:
1587:, p. 127.
1577:
1575:, p. 126.
1565:
1553:
1536:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1488:
1476:
1459:
1457:, p. 176.
1455:Dunthorne 2017
1447:
1420:
1408:
1406:, p. 100.
1396:
1384:
1369:
1352:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:in older texts
1315:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1213:North Carolina
1160:William Morice
1115:
1112:
1078:Thomas Fairfax
1076:commander Sir
1074:New Model Army
1037:John Grenville
1009:Lord Protector
1000:
997:
946:General at Sea
930:stormed Dundee
910:Eoghan Ó Néill
862:
859:
803:County Kildare
795:Earl of Ormond
773:Following the
767:Earl of Ormond
758:
755:
716:Earl of Oxford
708:Philip Skippon
704:Thomas Fairfax
660:
657:
611:Nicholas Monck
601:, three times
574:
571:
544:General at sea
452:
451:
448:
447:
346:
342:
341:
336:
332:
331:
327:
326:
319:
315:
314:
311:
307:
306:
301:
297:
296:
293:
289:
288:
283:
279:
278:
275:(aged 61)
271:3 January 1670
269:
265:
264:
252:
248:
247:
243:
242:
239:
238:
228:
227:
225:General at sea
221:
220:
210:
209:
202:
201:
191:
190:
181:
180:
170:
169:
163:
162:
145:
144:
134:
133:
116:
115:
109:
108:
91:
90:
80:
79:
76:
75:
68: 1665–66
63:
55:
54:
43:
40:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3721:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
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3233:Sir John Dill
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3096:Viscount Hill
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3036:Earl of Stair
3034:
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3009:
3007:
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2663:William Juxon
2661:
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2376:(Lord Deputy)
2373:
2372:Edmund Ludlow
2367:
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2203:
2199:
2195:
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2137:
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2100:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2076:History Today
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2022:. Heinemann.
2021:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1874:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1837:on 9 May 2021
1836:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1792:
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1763:
1759:
1756:(2): 95–124.
1755:
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1508:Wedgwood 2001
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1326:
1323:Also spelled
1320:
1316:
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1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
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1284:
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1275:
1273:
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1260:Prince Rupert
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1144:Privy Council
1141:
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1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
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1083:
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1070:Dublin Castle
1067:
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1042:
1038:
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1031:
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1019:
1014:
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1006:
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963:
959:
955:
954:Richard Deane
951:
948:, along with
947:
943:
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931:
927:
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919:
913:
911:
907:
903:
899:
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887:
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847:
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816:
812:
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804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
768:
763:
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
739:Bishops' Wars
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
720:George Goring
717:
713:
710:. During the
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
656:
655:(1653–1688).
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
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588:
579:
570:
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
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545:
541:
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533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
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502:
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
461:
458:
449:
446:
442:
438:
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425:
421:
417:
413:
412:
406:
402:
398:
394:
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386:
385:
380:
376:
372:
371:
366:
362:
361:
356:
352:
351:
347:
343:
340:
337:
333:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
305:
302:
298:
294:
290:
287:
284:
282:Resting place
280:
270:
266:
262:
258:
253:
249:
244:
240:
234:
229:
226:
222:
216:
211:
208:
203:
197:
192:
189:
182:
176:
171:
168:
164:
161:
159:
151:
146:
143:
139:
135:
132:
130:
122:
117:
114:
110:
107:
105:
97:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
61:
56:
52:
49:
46:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3709:Monck family
3448:
3121:Earl Roberts
3086:Duke of York
3076:Duke of York
3071:Lord Amherst
3066:Henry Conway
3061:Lord Amherst
3005:
2990:British Army
2909:
2880:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2848:
2825:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2774:
2745:
2737:
2729:
2711:
2697:
2668:
2656:William Laud
2654:
2594:George Abbot
2592:
2578:
2570:
2485:2nd creation
2484:
2478:
2474:New creation
2473:
2457:
2439:
2432:
2408:
2381:
2375:
2345:
2322:
2303:
2296:
2285:
2261:
2254:
2248:
2228:
2224:New regiment
2223:
2208:
2201:
2191:
2175:Bibliography
2165:
2131:
2127:
2115:. Retrieved
2111:
2088:
2079:
2075:
2042:
2038:
2019:
2003:. Palgrave.
2000:
1981:
1972:
1968:
1939:
1920:
1893:
1883:
1872:
1861:
1851:
1839:. Retrieved
1835:the original
1830:
1820:. UCL Press.
1817:
1807:
1794:. Retrieved
1790:
1753:
1749:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:
1714:
1702:
1695:Sherman 1976
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1664:
1652:
1640:
1628:
1616:
1604:
1592:
1580:
1568:
1556:
1527:
1520:Macleod 2009
1515:
1503:
1491:
1479:
1450:
1411:
1399:
1387:
1343:
1324:
1319:
1302:
1295:William Kent
1276:
1258:. Monck and
1252:Great Plague
1245:
1202:
1179:Samuel Pepys
1167:
1156:Earl of Bath
1137:
1093:
1086:
1062:
1034:
1018:John Lambert
1002:
970:
966:Scheveningen
950:Robert Blake
914:
906:sacrilegious
898:Robert Monro
879:
854:
843:
831:
772:
736:
685:
681:undersheriff
662:
630:
623:
595:Thomas Monck
584:
556:
525:
494:
478:Commonwealth
456:
455:
434:
428:
424:Scheveningen
409:
382:
368:
358:
348:
345:Battles/wars
273:(1670-01-03)
232:
214:
195:
174:
157:
149:
128:
120:
103:
95:
70:portrait by
29:
3559:1670 deaths
3554:1608 births
3041:George Wade
2941:HM Treasury
2914:(1710–1711)
2906:(1702–1710)
2897:(1702–1714)
2885:(1701–1702)
2877:(1700–1701)
2869:(1699–1700)
2861:(1697–1699)
2853:(1694–1697)
2842:(1694–1702)
2839:William III
2795:(1689–1694)
2771:(1685–1686)
2762:(1685–1688)
2750:(1684–1685)
2720:(1672–1673)
2714:(1667–1670)
2708:(1660–1667)
2691:(1660–1685)
2679:(1643–1646)
2673:(1641–1643)
2665:(1636–1641)
2659:(1635–1636)
2651:(1628–1633)
2645:(1625–1628)
2636:(1625–1649)
2615:(1624–1625)
2609:(1621–1624)
2603:(1620–1621)
2597:(1618–1620)
2589:(1614–1618)
2583:(1613–1614)
2575:(1612–1613)
2567:(1608–1612)
2561:(1603–1608)
2552:(1603–1625)
2273:James Scott
1831:BCW Project
1796:13 November
1791:BCW Project
1680:15 December
1633:Hutton 1989
1609:Hutton 1989
1597:Harris 2006
1585:Hutton 1989
1561:Worden 2010
1472:Clavin 2009
1443:Hutton 2004
1380:Stoyle 1993
1237:Shaftesbury
1104:Interregnum
1089:Restoration
962:the Gabbard
896:army under
482:Restoration
420:The Gabbard
3634:Roundheads
3543:Categories
2688:Charles II
2538:under the
2488:1660–1670
2449:1667–1670
2414:1660–1668
2387:1660–1662
2351:1662–1670
2328:1660–1670
2309:1660–1670
2267:1660–1670
2235:1650–1670
1984:. Abacus.
1930:0198229119
1914:required.)
1854:. Penguin.
1707:Allen 1979
1657:Allen 1979
1645:Allen 1979
1621:Sharp 2000
1496:Royle 2006
1404:Allen 1979
1335:References
1100:civil wars
1045:Charles II
902:Calvinists
894:Covenanter
783:Royal Army
779:Parliament
649:Parliament
587:Potheridge
552:Parliament
486:Charles II
375:Maastricht
310:Occupation
257:Potheridge
72:Peter Lely
2633:Charles I
2156:159710210
2134:: 57–83.
2067:154564220
1778:159829412
1750:Biography
1241:Arlington
1187:Admiralty
1108:regicides
838:Royalists
827:Cork City
732:Dordrecht
517:Royalists
509:Charles I
318:Signature
263:, England
237:1652–1653
233:In office
215:In office
196:In office
175:In office
150:In office
121:In office
96:In office
37:His Grace
3527:Category
3437:Carolina
2759:James II
2148:41432386
1770:23539339
1729:3 August
1215:, whose
958:Portland
850:Nantwich
799:Leinster
706:and Sir
694:against
641:Royalist
521:Nantwich
416:Portland
397:Nantwich
393:New Ross
300:Children
207:Scotland
2988:of the
2788:William
2549:James I
2533:British
2059:3112999
1742:Sources
1005:Richard
928:, then
846:Bristol
633:farrier
501:Ireland
470:English
389:Newburn
158:†
129:†
104:†
2790:&
2286:Vacant
2249:Vacant
2169:. CUP.
2154:
2146:
2117:25 May
2095:
2065:
2057:
2026:
2007:
1988:
1946:
1927:
1908:
1887:. CUP.
1841:28 May
1776:
1768:
1256:Oxford
1011:. The
926:Dunbar
823:Dublin
819:Ulster
791:Dublin
669:ensign
637:Thomas
607:Exeter
532:Ulster
405:Dundee
401:Dunbar
292:Spouse
140:&
2939:when
2152:S2CID
2144:JSTOR
2063:S2CID
2055:JSTOR
1965:(PDF)
1785:BCW.
1774:S2CID
1766:JSTOR
1311:Notes
1287:edema
1209:South
981:Devon
728:Breda
696:Spain
665:Cádiz
626:dowry
591:Devon
379:Breda
261:Devon
188:Devon
2984:and
2894:Anne
2792:Mary
2119:2021
2093:ISBN
2082:(8).
2024:ISBN
2005:ISBN
1986:ISBN
1975:(2).
1944:ISBN
1925:ISBN
1843:2021
1798:2020
1731:2024
1682:2021
1325:Monk
1297:and
1239:and
1211:and
1122:The
1102:and
1020:and
979:for
964:and
952:and
938:Bath
836:and
825:and
765:The
617:and
335:Rank
268:Died
251:Born
186:for
3435:of
2136:doi
2047:doi
1973:XVI
1900:doi
1758:doi
1484:BCW
983:in
589:in
519:at
484:of
3545::
2190:.
2150:.
2142:.
2132:20
2130:.
2110:.
2080:43
2078:.
2061:.
2053:.
2043:50
2041:.
1971:.
1967:.
1829:.
1789:.
1772:.
1764:.
1752:.
1722:.
1673:.
1539:^
1462:^
1423:^
1372:^
1355:^
1274:.
1243:.
1235:,
1189:.
1084:.
977:MP
968:.
960:,
829:.
821:,
777:,
621:.
466:JP
463:PC
460:KG
443:;
422:;
418:;
403:;
399:;
395:;
391:;
377:;
259:,
65:c.
51:JP
48:PC
45:KG
3425:e
3418:t
3411:v
2974:e
2967:t
2960:v
2525:e
2518:t
2511:v
2158:.
2138::
2121:.
2101:.
2069:.
2049::
2032:.
2013:.
1994:.
1952:.
1933:.
1906:.
1902::
1845:.
1811:.
1800:.
1780:.
1760::
1754:2
1733:.
1684:.
1551:.
1534:.
1486:.
1474:.
1445:.
1418:.
1394:.
1382:.
1367:.
1350:.
426:;
407:;
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
