George Crabbe - Knowledge

33: 611: 2699: 677:, nephew and sometime ward of Charles James Fox. An interval of 22 years had passed since Crabbe's last appearance as an author, and he explained in the preface to this volume the reasons for this lapse as being his higher calling as a clergyman and his slow progress in poetical ability. This volume led to Crabbe's general acceptance as an important poet. Four editions were issued during the following year and a half, the fourth appearing in March 1809. The reviews were unanimous in approval, headed by 2652: 822: 959:

changing readership of the late 18th–early 19th century. In the mid-18th century, literature was confined to the aristocratic and highly educated class; with the rise of the middle class at the turn of the 19th century, which came with a growing number of provincial papers, the heightening in production of books in weekly instalments, and the establishment of circulating libraries, the need for literature was spread throughout the middle class.

1089: 151: 2671: 579:, in exchange for his old livings. Crabbe brought his family to Muston in February 1789. His connection with the two livings lasted for over 25 years, but during 13 of these years he was a non-resident. He stayed three years at Muston. Another son, Edmund, was born in 1790. In 1792, through the death of one of Sarah's relations and soon after of her older sister, the Crabbe family came into possession of an estate in 390: 766:

help the poor and distressed, remembering his own want and misery in the great city thirty years earlier. The family returned to Muston in September, and Mrs. Crabbe died at the end of October at the age of 63. Within days of his wife's death Crabbe fell seriously ill, and was in danger of dying. He rallied, however, and returned to the duties of his parish. In 1814, he became rector of

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details, both in description and characterization. Augustan critics had espoused the view that minute details should be avoided in favour of generality. Crabbe also broke with Augustan tradition by not dealing with exalted and aristocratic characters, but rather choosing people from middle and working-class society. Poor characters like Crabbe's often anthologized "Peter Grimes" from

607:, writing about Crabbe to his friend, Neville White, in 1808, said "It was not long before his wife became deranged, and when all this was told me by one who knew him well, five years ago, he was still almost confined in his own house, anxiously waiting upon this wife in her long and hopeless malady. A sad history! It is no wonder that he gives so melancholy a picture of human life." 1028:, answering William Hazlitt's question of why Crabbe had not in fact written prose rather than verse said "have you ever read Crabbe's prose? Look at his letters, especially the later ones, look at the correct but lifeless expression of his dedications and prefaces—then look at his verse, and you will see how much he has exceeded 'the minimum requirement of good poetry'." The critic 559:, where Crabbe and his wife moved in 1785. A child had been born to them at Belvoir, dying only hours after birth. During the following four years at Stathern they had three other children; two sons, George and John, in 1785 and 1787, and a daughter in 1789, who died in infancy. Crabbe later told his children that his four years at Stathern were the happiest of his life. 603:, Suffolk, placed at his disposal by Dudley North. The family remained here for four or five years. In 1796 their third son, Edmund died at the age of six. This was a heavy blow to Sarah who began suffering from a nervous disorder from which she never recovered. Crabbe, a devoted husband, tended her with exemplary care until her death in 1813. 464:

recommendation. He returned to live in Aldeburgh with his sister and father, his mother having died in his absence. Crabbe was surprised to find that he was poorly treated by his fellow townsmen, who resented his rise in social class. With Burke's help, Crabbe was able to leave Aldeburgh the next year, to become chaplain to the

646:, read it nearly through while standing at the counter, and pronounced that a new and great poet had appeared. In October 1805, Crabbe returned with his wife and two sons to the parsonage at Muston. He had been absent for nearly 13 years, of which four had been spent at Parham, five at Great Glemham, and four at Rendham. 381:, was self-published in 1775. Crabbe later said of the poem, which received little or no attention at the time, "Pray let not this be seen ... there is very little of it that I'm not heartily ashamed of." By this time he had completed his medical training and had returned home to Aldeburgh. He had intended to go on to 958:

played an important role in Crabbe's life and poetical career, his body of work is unique and difficult to classify. His best works are an original achievement in a new realistic poetical form. The major factor in Crabbe's evolving from the Augustan influence to his use of realistic narrative was the

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to study at a hospital, but he was forced through low finances to work for some time as a local warehouseman. He eventually travelled to London in 1777 to practise medicine, returning home in financial difficulty after a year. He continued to practise as a surgeon after returning to Aldeburgh, but as

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While at Woodbridge, Crabbe joined a small club of young men who met at an inn for evening discussions. Through his contacts there he met his future wife, Sarah Elmy. Crabbe called her "Mira", later referring to her by this name in some of his poems. During this time he began writing poetry. In 1772,

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summed up Crabbe's qualities: "naïve, yet shrewd; straightforward, yet sardonic; blunt, yet tender; quiet, yet passionate; realistic, yet romantic." Crabbe, who is seen as a complicated poet, has been and often still is dismissed as too narrow in his interests and in his way of responding to them in

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in an essay on the poetry of Samuel Johnson in which Eliot grouped Crabbe together favourably with Johnson, Pope and several other poets. Eliot said that "to have the virtues of good prose is the first and minimum requirement of good poetry." Critic Arthur Pollard believes that Crabbe definitely met

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Narrative poetry was not a generally accepted mode in Augustan literature, making the narrative form of Crabbe's mature works an innovation. This was due to some extent to the rise in popularity of the novel in the late 18th–early 19th century. Another innovation is the attention that Crabbe pays to

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In late 1779 he decided to move to London and see if he could make it as a poet, or, if that failed, as a doctor. He moved to London in April 1780, where he had little success, and by the end of May he had been forced to pawn some of his possessions, including his surgical instruments. He composed a

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a ladies' magazine offered a prize for the best poem on the subject of hope, which Crabbe won. The same magazine printed other short pieces of Crabbe's throughout 1772. They were signed "G. C., Woodbridge," and included some of his lyrics addressed to Mira. Other known verses written while he was at

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George Jr. spent his first 25 years close to his birthplace. He showed an aptitude for books and learning at an early age. He was sent to school while still very young, and developed an interest in the stories and ballads that were popular among his neighbours. His father owned a few books, and used

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in November, and went direct to his son George, at Pucklechurch. He was able to preach twice for his son, who congratulated him on the power of his voice, and other encouraging signs of strength. "I will venture a good sum, sir," he said, "that you will be assisting me ten years hence." "Ten weeks"

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In 1809 Crabbe sent a copy of his poems in their fourth edition to Walter Scott, who acknowledged them in a friendly reply. Scott told Crabbe "how for more than twenty years he had desired the pleasure of a personal introduction to him, and how, as a lad of eighteen, he had met with selections from

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Crabbe's experience as chaplain at Belvoir was not altogether happy. He was treated with kindness by the Duke and Duchess, but his slightly unpolished manners and his position as a literary dependent made his relations with others in the Duke's house difficult, especially the servants. However, the

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admired Crabbe's poetry, and called him "nature's sternest painter, yet the best". According to critic Frank Whitehead, "Crabbe, in his verse tales in particular, is an important—indeed, a major—poet whose work has been and still is seriously undervalued." His early poems, which were non-narrative

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wrote that "Crabbe is confessedly the most original and vivid painter of the vast varieties of common life that England has ever produced;" and that "In all the poetry of this extraordinary man, we see a constant display of the passions as they are excited and exacerbated by the customs, laws, and

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asking for help, in which he included samples of his poetry. Burke was swayed by Crabbe's letter and a subsequent meeting with him, giving him money to relieve his immediate wants, and assuring him that he would do all in his power to further Crabbe's literary career. Among the samples that Crabbe

295:; he later became a tax collector for salt duties, a position that his own father had held. As a young man he married an older widow named Craddock, who became the mother of his six children: George, his brothers Robert, John, and William, his sister Mary, and another sister who died as an infant. 903:

Scott entered the room that had been set aside for Crabbe, wet and hurried, and embraced Crabbe with brotherly affection. The royal gift was forgotten—the ample skirt of the coat within which it had been packed, and which he had hitherto held cautiously in front of his person, slipped back to its

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and is considered to be his masterpiece. In the summer of 1813, Mrs. Crabbe felt well enough to want to see London again, and the father and mother and two sons spent nearly three months in rooms in a hotel. Crabbe was able to visit Dudley North and some of his other old friends, and to visit and

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After a short time at Pucklechurch, Crabbe returned to his home at Trowbridge. Early in January he reported continued drowsiness, which he felt was a sign of increasing weakness. Later in the month he was prostrated by a severe cold. Other complications arose, and it soon became apparent that he

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Born in humble life, he made himself what he was; breaking through the obscurity of his birth by the force of his genius; yet he never ceased to feel for the less fortunate; entering, as his works can testify, into the sorrows and wants of the poorest of his parishioners, and so discharging the

244:, and has been described as unsentimental in its depiction of provincial life and society. The modern critic Frank Whitehead wrote that "Crabbe, in his verse tales in particular, is an important—indeed, a major—poet whose work has been and still is seriously undervalued." Crabbe's works include 463:

Through their friendship, Burke discovered that Crabbe was more suited to be a clergyman than a surgeon. Crabbe had a good knowledge of Latin and an evident natural piety, and was well read in the scriptures. He was ordained to the curacy of his native town on 21 December 1781 through Burke's

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Pollard has attempted to examine the negative views of Crabbe and the reasons for limited readership since his lifetime: "Why did Crabbe's 'realism' and his discovery of what in effect was the short story in verse fail to appeal to the fiction-dominated Victorian age? Or is it that somehow

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that "during many months when he was toiling in early life in London he hardly ever tasted butchermeat except on a Sunday, when he dined usually with a tradesman's family, and thought their leg of mutton, baked in the pan, the perfection of luxury." In early 1781 he wrote a letter to

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In the 1770s, Crabbe began his career as a doctor's apprentice, later becoming a surgeon. In 1780, he travelled to London to make a living as a poet. After encountering serious financial difficulty and being unable to have his work published, he wrote to the statesman and author

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was published in May 1783, achieving popularity with the public and critics. Samuel Johnson said of the poem in a letter to Reynolds "I have sent you back Mr. Crabbe's poem, which I read with great delight. It is original, vigorous, and elegant." Johnson's friend and biographer

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Later in 1822, Crabbe was invited to spend Christmas at Belvoir Castle, but was unable to make the trip because of the winter weather. While at home, he continued to write a large amount of poetry, leaving 21 manuscript volumes at his death. A selection from these formed the

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succeed and Crabbe descend to the doldrums or to the coteries of admiring enthusiasts? And why have we in this century failed to get much nearer to him? Does this mean that each succeeding generation must struggle to find his characteristic and essential worth?

551:. It was decided that Crabbe was not to be on the Duke's staff in Ireland, though the two men parted as close friends. The young couple stayed on at Belvoir for nearly another eighteen months before Crabbe accepted a vacant curacy in the neighbourhood, that of 950:

saw Crabbe's importance to be more in his influence than in his works themselves: "He gave the poetry of nature new worlds to conquer (rather than conquered them himself) by showing that the world of plain fact and common detail may be material for poetry".

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more usual position—he sat down beside Crabbe, and the glass was crushed to atoms. His scream and gesture made his wife conclude that he had sat down on a pair of scissors, or the like: but very little harm had been done except the breaking of the glass.

311:, giving the "poet's corner" section to George. The senior Crabbe had interests in the local fishing industry, and owned a fishing boat; he had contemplated raising his son George to be a seaman, but soon found that the boy was unsuited to such a career. 1012:

which started off the new realistic narrative method that characterised his poetry for the rest of his career. Whitehead states that this narrative poetry, which occupies the bulk of Crabbe's output, should be at the centre of modern critical attention.

749:, and were now clergymen themselves, each holding a curacy in the neighbourhood, enabling them to live under the parental roof, but Mrs. Crabbe's health was now very poor, and Crabbe had no daughter or female relative at home to help him with her care. 806:, who became a close friend and had an influence on Crabbe's poetry. In 1817, on the recommendation of Rogers, Crabbe stayed in London from the middle of June to the end of July in order to enjoy the literary society of the capital. While there he met 984:, who complained that Crabbe's characters "remind one of anatomical preservations; or may be said to bear the same relation to actual life that a stuffed cat in a glass-case does to the real one purring on the hearth." Byron, besides what he said in 444:. There he was given an apartment, supplied with books, and made a member of the family. The time he spent with Burke and his family helped by enlarging his knowledge and ideas, and introducing him to many new and valuable friends including 732:

When he visited London a few years later and was received with general welcome in the literary world, he was very surprised. "In my own village", he told James Smith, "they think nothing of me." The three years following the publication of

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Wordsworth predicted that Crabbe's poetry would last "from its combined merits as truth and poetry fully as long as anything that has been expressed in verse since it first made its appearance", though on another occasion, according to

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for assistance. Burke was impressed enough by Crabbe's poems to promise to help him in any way he could. The two became close friends and Burke helped Crabbe greatly both in his literary career and in building a role within the church.

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His two sons followed him, as soon as their existing engagements allowed them to leave Leicestershire. The younger, John, who married in 1816, became his father's curate, and the elder, who married a year later, became curate at

992:"the first of these times in point of power and genius." Byron had felt that English poetry had been steadily on the decline since the depreciation of Pope, and pointed to Crabbe as the last remaining hope of a degenerate age. 222:. Crabbe served as a clergyman in various capacities for the rest of his life, with Burke's continued help in securing these positions. He developed friendships with many of the great literary men of his day, including Sir 1008:

essays in poetical form, gained him the approval of literary men like Samuel Johnson, followed by a period of 20 years in which he wrote much, destroying most of it, and published nothing. In 1807, he published his volume

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duties of a pastor and a magistrate as to endear himself to all around him, as a writer he cannot be better described than in the words of a great poet, his contemporary, "tho' nature's sternest painter, yet her best".

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Crabbe's life at Parham was not happy. The former owner of the estate had been very popular for his hospitality, while Crabbe's lifestyle was much more quiet and private. His solace here was the company of his friend

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was begun at Rendham in Suffolk in 1801, continued at Muston after his return in 1805, and finally completed during a long visit to Aldeburgh in the autumn of 1809. It was published in 1810. In spite of its defects,

192:; 24 December 1754 – 3 February 1832) was an English poet, surgeon and clergyman. He is best known for his early use of the realistic narrative form and his descriptions of middle and working-class life and people. 917:

and her sister Agnes. In the autumn of 1831, Crabbe visited the Hoares. He left them in November, expressing his pain and sadness at leaving in a letter, feeling that it might be the last time he saw them. He left

786:, not far away. Crabbe's reputation as a poet continued to grow in these years. His reputation soon made him a welcome guest in many houses to which his position as rector might not have admitted him. Nearby at 891:'s visit to Edinburgh, in the course of which the King met Scott and the poet was given a wine glass from which the King had drunk. Scott returned from the meeting with the King to find Crabbe at his home. As 472:

in Leicestershire. This was an unusual move on Burke's part, as this kind of preferment would usually have been given to a family member or personal friend of the Duke or through political interest.

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his surgical skills remained deficient, he attracted only the poorest patients, and his fees were small and undependable. This hurt his chances of an early marriage, but Sarah stayed devoted to him.

571:, after a short illness, at the early age of 35. Crabbe assisted at the funeral at Belvoir. The Duchess, anxious to have their former chaplain close by, was able to get Crabbe the two livings of 1046:

was only one of many among those who would make 'cullings from' or 'readings in' Crabbe. The implications of such selection are clearly that, though much has vanished, much deserves to remain."

868:. The last 13 years of Crabbe's life were spent at Trowbridge, varied by occasional visits among his friends at Bath and the surrounding neighbourhood, and by yearly visits to his friend 508:

Crabbe was able to keep up his friendships with Burke, Reynolds, and others during the Duke's occasional visits to London. He visited the theatre, and was impressed with the actresses

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number of works but was refused publication. He wrote several letters seeking patronage, but these were also refused. In June Crabbe witnessed instances of mob violence during the

489:. It was said at the time of publication that Johnson had made extensive changes to the poem, but Boswell responded by saying that "the aid given by Johnson to the poem, as to 1003:, and Sir Walter Scott, who used numerous quotes from Crabbe's poems in his novels. During Scott's final illness, Crabbe was the last writer he asked to have read to him. 543:

On the strength of these preferments and a promise of future assistance from the Duke, Crabbe and Sarah Elmy were married in December 1783, in the parish church of

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his poetry. "At the same time as the critic is making such judgments, he is all too often aware that Crabbe, nonetheless, defies classification", says Pollard.

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In the spring of 1822, Crabbe met Walter Scott for the first time in London, and promised to visit him in Scotland in the autumn. He kept this promise during

540:. This promotion does not seem to have interfered with Crabbe's residence at Belvoir or in London; it is likely that curates were placed in these situations. 1358: 357:; the apothecary also kept a small farm, and he ended up doing farm labour and errands, rather than medical work. In 1771 he changed masters and moved to 516:. Around this time it was decided that, as Chaplain to a noble family, Crabbe was in need of a college degree, and his name was entered on the boards of 703:." This exchange of letters led to a friendship that lasted for the rest of their lives, both authors dying in 1832. Crabbe's favourite among Scott's 599:

who lived nearby. Crabbe soon sent his two sons George and John to school in Aldeburgh. After four years at Parham, the Crabbes moved to a home in

524:, so that Crabbe could obtain a degree without residence. This was in 1783, but almost immediately afterwards he received an LL.B. degree from the 1258: 322:, where he gained an understanding of mathematics and Latin, and a familiarity with the Latin classics. His early reading included the works of 2751: 2746: 2766: 967:

would have been completely unacceptable to Augustan critics. In this way, Crabbe created a new way of presenting life and society in poetry.

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show that he made experiments in stanza form modelled on the works of earlier English poets, but only showed some slight imitative skill.

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Duke and Duchess and many of their noble guests shared an interest in Crabbe's literary talent and work. During his time there, his poem

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that Crabbe had "the mind and feelings of a gentleman." Burke gave Crabbe the footing of a friend, admitting him to his family circle at

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During his time at Glemham, Crabbe composed several novels, none of which was published. After Glemham, Crabbe moved to the village of

587:, which removed all of their financial worries. Crabbe soon moved his family to this estate. Their son William was born the same year. 761:, was published in the summer of 1812. It received a warm welcome from the poet's admirers, was favourably reviewed by Jeffrey in the 632:

was also begun. 1805 was the last year of Crabbe's stay in Suffolk, and it was made memorable in literature by the appearance of the

547:, where Miss Elmy's mother lived, and a few weeks later went to live together at Belvoir Castle. In 1784 the Duke of Rutland became 802:, who was always ready to welcome those distinguished in literature and the arts. It was at Bowood that Crabbe first met the poet 2692: 880:, Southey, and others occasionally stayed with the family. Around 1820 Crabbe began suffering from frequent severe attacks of 746: 980:, he "blamed Crabbe for his unpoetical mode of considering human nature and society." This latter opinion was also held by 674: 452:. He completed his unfinished poems and revised others with the help of Burke's criticism. Burke helped him have his poem, 1019:

said of Crabbe: "He is (or ought to be—for who reads him?) a living classic." His classic status was also supported by

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before its publication and made some minor changes. Burke secured Crabbe the important position of Chaplain to the

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were especially lonely for him. He did have his two sons, George and John, with him; they had both passed through

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was an outright success. The poem appeared in February 1810, and went through six editions in the next six years.

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would not live much longer. He died on 3 February 1832, with his two sons and his faithful nurse by his side.

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George's father respected his son's interest in literature, and George was sent first to a boarding-school at

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in 1807 encouraged Crabbe to proceed with a far longer poem, which he had been working on for several years.

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described him as "nature's sternest painter, yet the best." Crabbe's poetry was predominantly in the form of

2741: 913:, published in 1834. Crabbe continued to visit at Hampstead throughout the 1820s, often meeting the writer 2150: 287:, the eldest child of George Crabbe Sr. The elder George Crabbe had been a teacher at a village school in 2776: 2290: 409:

He continued to rack up debts that he had no way of paying, and his creditors pressed him. He later told

2710: 742: 548: 517: 2681: 1080:, 1790. It includes a very extensive list of local coleopterans, and references more than 70 species. 2771: 2530: 38: 1043: 634: 525: 456:, published anonymously in June 1781, by a publisher that had previously refused some of his work. 1927:

Chettle, H. F.; Powell, W. R.; Spalding, P. A.; Tillott, P. M. (1953). "Parishes: Trowbridge". In

2705: 2634: 1938: 1238: 1025: 989: 738: 709: 576: 2374: 1073: 807: 572: 2451: 2093: 2688: 2146: 1932: 1000: 799: 884:, and this illness, together with his age, made him less and less able to travel to London. 2731: 2726: 977: 939:, and has been described as unsentimental in its depiction of provincial life and society. 892: 791: 496: 490: 414: 377:

His first major work, a satirical poem of nearly 400 lines in Pope's couplet form entitled

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In September 1807, Crabbe published a new volume of poems. Included in this volume were

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Burke introduced Crabbe to the literary and artistic society of London, including Sir

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This monument was erected by some of his affectionate friends and parishioners.

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and recorder of beetles, and is credited for discovering the first specimen of

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was greeted with modest praise from critics, and slight public appreciation.

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The Restless Ocean: The Story of George Crabbe, the Aldeburgh Poet 1754–1832

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psychological analysis and poetry are uneasy bedfellows? But then why did

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and from various 18th-century poets to his family. He also subscribed to

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Bibliotheca Topographia Britannica, VIII, Antiquities in Leicestershire

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was Crabbe's answer, and the prediction was right almost to the day.

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George Crabbe and the Progress of Eighteenth-Century Narrative Verse

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In October 1787 the Duke of Rutland died at the Vice-Regal Lodge in

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near his home, and a few years later to a more important school at

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A short time after their first meeting Burke told his friend Sir

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and the 18th year of his services as rector of this parish.

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before leaving school to find a medical apprenticeship.

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The Works in Prose and Verse of Charles and Mary Lamb

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The Life and Poetical Works of George Crabbe, Vol 1

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Spenser and the Tradition: English Poetry 1579–1830

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Tales, 1812, and Other Selected Poems; Introduction

1394: 1337: 1325: 1301: 988:, declared, in 1816, that he considered Crabbe and 349:In 1768 Crabbe was apprenticed to an apothecary at 2453:The Making of Peter Grimes: Notes and Commentaries 2091: 1356:Faulkner, Thomas C. "Crabbe, George (1754–1832)". 1313: 1277: 935:Crabbe's poetry was predominantly in the form of 622:in Suffolk, where he stayed until 1805. His poem 2718: 847:SACRED to the memory of THE REV G. CRABBE L.L.B. 642:. Crabbe first saw it in a bookseller's shop in 16:English poet, surgeon, and clergyman (1754–1832) 794:, who introduced Crabbe to the noble family at 234:, who frequently visited Crabbe as his guests. 1934:A History of the County of Wiltshire, Volume 7 1242:, was based on Crabbe's tale "The Confidant". 864:In June 1819, Crabbe published his collection 2689:"Archival material relating to George Crabbe" 2422:"Rev. George Crabbe: Tales in Verse: Preface" 2112: 774:in Wiltshire, a position given to him by the 2292:English Bards and Scotch Reviewers; line 840 1362:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 1259:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 626:was all but completed while at Rendham, and 520:, through the influence of Bishop Watson of 2152:The Cambridge History of English Literature 947:The Cambridge History of English Literature 423:had sent to Burke were pieces of his poems 2697: 2476: 2226:. Cambridge University Press. p. 67. 2145: 1551:. Cambridge University Press. p. ix. 31: 2528: 2325: 2313: 2197: 2185: 2173: 1234:The Wife's Trial; or, The Intruding Widow 2639:Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA) 2622:George Crabbe. An English Life 1754–1832 1941:. University of London. pp. 125–171 1087: 820: 609: 406:, but it was badly received by critics. 388: 2549: 2361: 2349: 2337: 2270: 2246: 1359:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2719: 2517: 2506: 2495: 2258: 2209: 2133: 2079: 2067: 2055: 2043: 2031: 2019: 2007: 1995: 1983: 1971: 1959: 1914: 1902: 1890: 1859: 1847: 1835: 1823: 1811: 1799: 1787: 1775: 1763: 1751: 1739: 1727: 1715: 1703: 1691: 1679: 1667: 1655: 1643: 1631: 1619: 1607: 1595: 1583: 1571: 1532: 1520: 1508: 1496: 1484: 1472: 1460: 1448: 1436: 1424: 1412: 1400: 1388: 1343: 1331: 1319: 1307: 1295: 1283: 1271: 2752:19th-century English Anglican priests 2747:18th-century English Anglican priests 2449: 2285: 1544: 2767:18th-century English medical doctors 2553:George Crabbe: The Critical Heritage 2295:. Geneva: P. G. Ledouble. p. 55 2092:Hollinghurst, Alan (24 April 2004). 1355: 675:Henry Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland 226:, whom he visited in Edinburgh, and 2585:Bareham, Terence & Gatrell, S. 2113:Fenton, James (10 September 2005). 1949:– via British History Online. 1214:. Britten also set an extract from 770:, the parish church of the town of 258:(1810), and his poetry collections 13: 2617:(Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1972) 2572: 2556:. Taylor & Francis e-Library. 2221: 986:English Bards and Scotch Reviewers 14: 2793: 2782:18th-century English male writers 2628: 2610:(Bucknell University Pressm 1976) 2669: 2535:. Susquehanna University Press. 2477:Hutchinson, Thomas, ed. (1908). 816: 757:Crabbe's next volume of poetry, 164: 149: 2653:Works by or about George Crabbe 2601:George Crabbe. A Critical Study 2587:A Bibliography of George Crabbe 2470: 2443: 2414: 2388: 2367: 2279: 2264: 2215: 2139: 2106: 2085: 1920: 1865: 1538: 1083: 562: 372: 2456:. Boydell Press. p. 185. 2224:Wordsworth's Reading 1800–1815 2149:; Waller, A. R., eds. (1914). 1931:; Crittall, Elizabeth (eds.). 1349: 1251: 1194: 673:. The volume was dedicated to 1: 2615:Crabbe. The Critical Heritage 2550:Pollard, Arthur, ed. (2003). 1245: 1049: 752: 661:; the principal new poem was 274: 2532:George Crabbe: A Reappraisal 1376:UK public library membership 970: 291:, and later in Norton, near 269: 7: 2668:(public domain audiobooks) 2496:Crabbe, George Jr. (1901). 1024:this qualification. Critic 851:in the 78th year of his age 849:who died on 3 February 1832 10: 2798: 2603:(Greenwich Exchange, 2015) 2488: 2273:Sir Walter Scott's Friends 2271:MacCunn, Florence (1910). 1176:New Poems by George Crabbe 944:institutions of society." 549:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 518:Trinity College, Cambridge 342:. He spent three years at 2529:Whitehead, Frank (1995). 2450:Banks, Paul, ed. (2000). 930: 148: 143: 123: 115: 107: 99: 91: 70: 46: 39:Henry William Pickersgill 30: 23: 2711:George Crabbe Collection 2706:Leeds University Library 2682:Crabbe in Leicestershire 995:Other admirers included 897:Life of Sir Walter Scott 635:Lay of the Last Minstrel 526:Archbishop of Canterbury 2524:. London: Walter Scott. 2507:Ainger, Alfred (1903). 2375:"Famous Suffolk People" 1939:Victoria County History 1182:Complete Poetical Works 1064:L. to be recorded from 1026:William Caldwell Roscoe 710:The Heart of Midlothian 614:George Crabbe, c. 1820s 577:Allington, Lincolnshire 230:and some of his fellow 2662:Works by George Crabbe 2644:Works by George Crabbe 2613:Pollard, Arthur (ed.) 2596:(Terence Dalton, 1972) 2518:Kebble, T. E. (1888). 2513:. New York: Macmillan. 2094:"Claws out for Crabbe" 1873:The Lives of the Poets 1545:Mills, Howard (1967). 1093: 1092:Sketch of Crabbe, 1826 1054:Crabbe was known as a 906: 834: 665:, to which were added 615: 573:Muston, Leicestershire 394: 309:Philosophical Magazine 299:to read passages from 37:Portrait of Crabbe by 2762:Clergy from Wiltshire 2757:People from Aldeburgh 2737:English entomologists 2704:Archival material at 2677:George Crabbe's Grave 2592:Blackburne, Neville. 2589:(Dawson/Archon, 1978) 1368:10.1093/ref:odnb/6552 1091: 1001:Alfred, Lord Tennyson 901: 842:The inscription reads 824: 800:Marquess of Lansdowne 613: 392: 2693:UK National Archives 2502:. London: J. Murray. 1239:Blackwood's Magazine 1218:as the third of his 1188:The Voluntary Insane 978:Henry Crabb Robinson 893:John Gibson Lockhart 792:William Lisle Bowles 415:John Gibson Lockhart 2742:English naturalists 2222:Wu, Duncan (1995). 2115:"Secrets and Lives" 1061:Calosoma sycophanta 956:Augustan literature 776:new Duke of Rutland 718:The Parish Register 701:The Annual Register 671:The Hall of Justice 663:The Parish Register 624:The Parish Register 324:William Shakespeare 279:Crabbe was born in 2777:English male poets 2578:Bareham, Terence. 2261:, pp. 104–05. 2212:, pp. 104–06. 2034:, pp. 189–90. 1986:, pp. 153–55. 1917:, pp. 147–48. 1814:, pp. 104–06. 1094: 878:William Wordsworth 835: 616: 395: 336:Sir Walter Raleigh 228:William Wordsworth 2648:Project Gutenberg 2396:"www.harby.co.uk" 1871:Schmidt, Michael 1790:, pp. 92–93. 1766:, pp. 89–90. 1718:, pp. 72–74. 1694:, pp. 64–71. 1658:, pp. 60–61. 1622:, pp. 55–56. 1574:, pp. 43–44. 1535:, pp. 40–42. 1511:, pp. 31–32. 1499:, pp. 29–31. 1487:, pp. 26–29. 1463:, pp. 21–22. 1451:, pp. 16–17. 1374:(Subscription or 1274:, pp. 12–13. 1221:Five Flower Songs 1161:Tales of the Hall 866:Tales of the Hall 862: 861: 745:and the other at 705:"Waverley" novels 593:Dudley Long North 446:Charles James Fox 264:Tales of the Hall 157: 156: 2789: 2772:English surgeons 2701: 2696: 2673: 2672: 2657:Internet Archive 2567: 2546: 2525: 2514: 2503: 2483: 2482: 2474: 2468: 2467: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2402:on 22 March 2012 2398:. Archived from 2392: 2386: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2371: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2283: 2277: 2276: 2268: 2262: 2256: 2250: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2201: 2195: 2189: 2183: 2177: 2171: 2165: 2164: 2162: 2160: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2124: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2089: 2083: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2041: 2035: 2029: 2023: 2017: 2011: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1987: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1963: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1924: 1918: 1912: 1906: 1900: 1894: 1888: 1882: 1869: 1863: 1857: 1851: 1845: 1839: 1833: 1827: 1821: 1815: 1809: 1803: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1773: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1749: 1743: 1737: 1731: 1725: 1719: 1713: 1707: 1701: 1695: 1689: 1683: 1677: 1671: 1665: 1659: 1653: 1647: 1641: 1635: 1629: 1623: 1617: 1611: 1605: 1599: 1593: 1587: 1581: 1575: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1542: 1536: 1530: 1524: 1518: 1512: 1506: 1500: 1494: 1488: 1482: 1476: 1470: 1464: 1458: 1452: 1446: 1440: 1434: 1428: 1422: 1416: 1410: 1404: 1398: 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5–6. 1294: 1290: 1282: 1278: 1270: 1266: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1197: 1086: 1070:Vale of Belvoir 1052: 982:William Hazlitt 973: 937:heroic couplets 933: 895:related in his 870:Samuel Hoare Jr 857: 854: 852: 850: 848: 846: 827:St James Church 808:Thomas Campbell 755: 716:The success of 679:Francis Jeffrey 595:and his fellow 565: 514:Dorothea Jordan 466:Duke of Rutland 438:Joshua Reynolds 375: 355:Bury St Edmunds 305:Benjamin Martin 293:Loddon, Norfolk 289:Orford, Suffolk 277: 272: 242:heroic couplets 220:Duke of Rutland 206:Joshua Reynolds 187: 167: 163: 133: 79: 75: 74:3 February 1832 58: 52: 50: 42: 41:, circa 1818–19 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2795: 2785: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2715: 2714: 2708: 2702: 2685: 2679: 2674: 2659: 2650: 2641: 2630: 2629:External links 2627: 2626: 2625: 2620:Powell, Neil. 2618: 2611: 2606:Nelson, Beth. 2604: 2597: 2590: 2583: 2582:(Vision, 1977) 2574: 2571: 2569: 2568: 2562: 2547: 2541: 2526: 2521:Life of Crabbe 2515: 2504: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2484: 2469: 2462: 2442: 2413: 2387: 2366: 2354: 2342: 2330: 2326:Whitehead 1995 2318: 2314:Whitehead 1995 2306: 2278: 2263: 2251: 2249:, p. 213. 2239: 2232: 2214: 2202: 2198:Whitehead 1995 2190: 2186:Whitehead 1995 2178: 2174:Whitehead 1995 2166: 2138: 2136:, p. 103. 2126: 2105: 2084: 2082:, p. 195. 2072: 2060: 2058:, p. 192. 2048: 2036: 2024: 2022:, p. 186. 2012: 2010:, p. 185. 2000: 1998:, p. 163. 1988: 1976: 1964: 1962:, p. 150. 1952: 1919: 1907: 1895: 1893:, p. 128. 1883: 1864: 1862:, p. 122. 1852: 1850:, p. 118. 1840: 1838:, p. 108. 1828: 1816: 1804: 1802:, p. 103. 1792: 1780: 1768: 1756: 1744: 1732: 1720: 1708: 1696: 1684: 1672: 1660: 1648: 1636: 1624: 1612: 1600: 1588: 1576: 1564: 1557: 1537: 1525: 1513: 1501: 1489: 1477: 1465: 1453: 1441: 1429: 1417: 1405: 1393: 1381: 1348: 1336: 1324: 1312: 1300: 1288: 1276: 1264: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1232:'s verse play 1196: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1173: 1165: 1157: 1154:Tales in Verse 1151: 1143: 1135: 1127: 1119: 1111: 1103: 1085: 1082: 1051: 1048: 972: 969: 932: 929: 915:Joanna Baillie 860: 859: 837: 836: 798:, home of the 754: 751: 605:Robert Southey 564: 561: 557:Leicestershire 470:Belvoir Castle 450:Samuel Johnson 393:George Crabbe. 374: 371: 340:Edmund Spenser 332:Abraham Cowley 328:Alexander Pope 276: 273: 271: 268: 210:Samuel Johnson 155: 154: 146: 145: 141: 140: 125: 121: 120: 117: 113: 112: 109: 105: 104: 103:1770s to 1830s 101: 97: 96: 93: 89: 88: 78:(aged 77) 72: 68: 67: 48: 44: 43: 36: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2794: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2722: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2636: 2635:George Crabbe 2633: 2632: 2623: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2602: 2599:Lucas, John. 2598: 2595: 2591: 2588: 2584: 2581: 2580:George Crabbe 2577: 2576: 2565: 2559: 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78. 1753: 1748: 1742:, p. 66. 1741: 1736: 1730:, p. 76. 1729: 1724: 1717: 1712: 1706:, p. 64. 1705: 1700: 1693: 1688: 1682:, p. 63. 1681: 1676: 1670:, p. 56. 1669: 1664: 1657: 1652: 1646:, p. 57. 1645: 1640: 1634:, p. 51. 1633: 1628: 1621: 1616: 1610:, p. 49. 1609: 1604: 1598:, p. 46. 1597: 1592: 1586:, p. 45. 1585: 1580: 1573: 1568: 1560: 1558:9780521047470 1554: 1550: 1549: 1541: 1534: 1529: 1523:, p. 35. 1522: 1517: 1510: 1505: 1498: 1493: 1486: 1481: 1475:, p. 23. 1474: 1469: 1462: 1457: 1450: 1445: 1439:, p. 13. 1438: 1433: 1427:, p. 19. 1426: 1421: 1415:, p. 11. 1414: 1409: 1402: 1397: 1390: 1385: 1377: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1352: 1346:, p. 16. 1345: 1340: 1334:, p. 15. 1333: 1328: 1321: 1316: 1310:, p. 14. 1309: 1304: 1297: 1292: 1285: 1280: 1273: 1268: 1261: 1260: 1254: 1250: 1243: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1222: 1217: 1213: 1212: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1148: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1136: 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praised 484: 483:James Boswell 479: 473: 471: 467: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 434: 432: 431: 426: 421: 416: 412: 407: 405: 404:The Candidate 401: 391: 387: 384: 380: 370: 368: 362: 360: 356: 352: 347: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 312: 310: 306: 302: 296: 294: 290: 286: 282: 267: 265: 261: 257: 256: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 216: 211: 207: 202: 199: 193: 191: 190: 182: 161: 160:George Crabbe 152: 147: 142: 138: 137: 131: 130: 126: 124:Notable works 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 73: 69: 65: 61: 49: 45: 40: 34: 29: 25:George Crabbe 22: 19: 2621: 2614: 2607: 2600: 2593: 2586: 2579: 2552: 2531: 2520: 2509: 2498: 2478: 2472: 2452: 2445: 2433:. 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