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67:. A work would often be considered as a genre work even if it could be shown that the artist had used a known person—a member of his family, say—as a model. In this case it would depend on whether the work was likely to have been intended by the artist to be perceived as a portrait—sometimes a subjective question. The depictions can be realistic, imagined, or romanticized by the artist. Because of their familiar and frequently sentimental subject matter, genre paintings have often proven popular with the
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587:(1819–77) upset expectations by depicting everyday scenes in large canvases of a scale traditionally reserved for "important" subjects. They thus blurred the boundary which had set genre painting apart as a "minor" category. Realist paintings on such a scale, and the new type showing people at work, emphasizing the effort involved, would not normally be called "genre paintings". Both monumental scale and the depiction of exhausting work are exemplified by
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The apparent 'realism' of 17th-century Dutch and
Flemish art gives the viewer the initial impression that the artist solely intends to depict scenes of common life in a realistic way. Underneath the realistic representation are, however, often hidden underlying meanings, either moral or symbolic. For
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with its head craning upwards. The suggestive pose of the rooster's head and the fact that the Dutch word for 'birds' (vogelen) was also a vulgar term for sexual intercourse indicated that the artist also included a scabrous meaning in his painting. Genre painters often included symbolic meanings in
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painted in 1668 depicts a merry family evening with the head of the family, clearly inebriated, singing out his lungs, backed up by the mother and grandmother. The children join in on musical instruments. The moral of the picture is clarified in the note hanging from the mantelpiece reading "So de
379:(Dutch for 'birds of a feather'). Van Laer was given the nickname "Il Bamboccio", which means "ugly doll" or "puppet". A number of Flemish and Dutch and later also Italian painters, who painted genre scenes of the Roman countryside inspired by van Laer's works were subsequently referred to as the
647:(1819–1909) was perhaps the most famous English genre painter of the Victorian era, painting large and extremely crowded scenes; the expansion in size and ambition in 19th-century genre painting was a common trend. Other 19th-century English genre painters include
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itself shifted from the exclusive depiction of events of great public importance to the depiction of genre scenes in historical times, both the private moments of great figures, and the everyday life of ordinary people. In French art this was known as the
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364:. These works typically show a group of figures at a party, whether making music at home or just drinking in a tavern. Other common types of scenes showed markets or fairs, village festivities ("kermesse"), or soldiers in their camp or guardroom.
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In
Belgium, the nationalism of the new state born in 1830 gave rise to history painting glorifying the past of the nation and genre painting returning to the models of 17th-century. Examples of artists working in this retro style include
764:. Under the influence of foreign artistic movements such a realism, Belgian artists in the second half of the 19th century were able to break away from the old traditions and create a new format for their genre paintings. An example is
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painted scenes of daily life. But in the context of modern art the term "genre painting" has come to be associated mainly with painting of an especially anecdotal or sentimental nature, painted in a traditionally realistic technique.
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as a medium for dark commentary on the human condition. Beginning in about 1808 Goya painted a significant number of genre scenes and he dealt with genre subjects again in various drawings during the period from 1810 to 1823.
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was an important exponent of genre painting in 17th-century France, painting groups of peasants at home, where the 18th century would bring a heightened interest in the depiction of everyday life, whether through the
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painted in
Antwerp works showing in the foreground cooks or market-sellers amidst a bountiful spread of vegetables, fruit and/or meat, with small religious scenes in spaces in the background. Around the same time,
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Developments in 16th
Netherlandish art were received in Spain through the presence of Flemish artists working on projects in Spain as well as through Spain's sovereignty over the Spanish Netherlands. During the
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506:(1697–1764) conveyed comedy, social criticism and moral lessons through canvases that told stories of ordinary people ful of narrative detail (aided by long sub-titles), often in serial form, as in his
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painted innovative large-scale genre scenes, sometimes including a moral theme or a religious scene in the background in the first half of the 16th century. These were part of a pattern of "
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their paintings. For instance, Adriaen
Brouwer painted a number of genre portraits that represent the five senses or the seven deadly sins. An example is his genre group portrait
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626:(1815–91). In the second half of the century interest in genre scenes, often in historical settings or with pointed social or moral comment, greatly increased across Europe.
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and produced lively and gently humorous scenes of life in
Philadelphia from 1812 to 1821. Other notable 19th-century genre painters from the United States include
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499:(1725–1805) and others painted detailed and rather sentimental groups or individual portraits of peasants that were to be influential on 19th-century painting.
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during the 17th century. The generally small scale of these artists' paintings was appropriate for their display in the homes of middle class purchasers.
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799:(1829–1904) was a sculptor whose small genre works, mass-produced in cast plaster, were immensely popular in America. The works of American painter
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With the decline of religious and historical painting in the 19th century, artists increasingly found their subject matter in the life around them.
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painting, giving "low" elements previously in the decorative background of images prominent emphasis. In the second half of the 16th century,
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Slive, Seymour (1995). "Italianate and
Classical Painting". Pelican History of Art, Dutch Painting 1600–1800. Penguin Books Ltd. pp. 225–245
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ouden songen, so pijpen de jongen" ("As the Old Sing, So the Young Pipe"), i.e. children will learn their behaviour from their parents.
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Buijsen, Edwin. "From 'Peasant
Stories' to 'Urbane or Elegant Modern': A Birds-Eye View of Genre Painting in the Mauritshuis" In Van S
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1181:, Advisors: Wheelock, Arthur, PhD, 2007 Dissertation, University of Maryland University of Maryland (College Park, Md.), p. 8
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is that it shows figures to whom no identity can be attached either individually or collectively, thus distinguishing it from
1154:"E. de Jongh, 'Erotica in vogelperspectief. De dubbelzinnigheid van een reeks zeventiende-eeuwse genrevoorstellingen'· dbnl"
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H. Perry
Chapman, Wouter Th. Kloek & Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. (1996) Jan Steen. Schilder en verteller, p. 172
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which depicts the sense of taste. Other artists included moral meanings into their genre scenes. Jan Steen's
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made peasants and their activities, very naturalistically treated, the subject of many of his paintings.
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Brigstocke, Hugh. "Bourdon, SĂ©bastien", Grove Art Online. Oxford
University Press, accessed 30 April 2022
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arrived in 1625 in Rome where he started to paint genre paintings incorporating scenes of the Roman
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Hoe schilder hoe wilder: Dissolute Self-Por traiture in Seventeenth-Century Dutch and Flemish Art
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paintings, particularly those created in the 18th century. Notable Korean painters include
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was also associated with this group during his early career. Other Bamboccianti include
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who used light and colour to infuse his intimist genre scenes with a modernist spirit.
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by portraying ordinary people engaged in common activities. One common definition of a
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focused on scenes of poor African Americans in the post-American Civil War South, and
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had painted a series of paintings on the same subject matter about 30 years earlier.
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105:: "barbers' shops, cobblers' stalls, asses, eatables and similar subjects". Medieval
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British and Scottish Models for the American Genre Paintings of John Lewis Krimmel
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One of the recurring themes in Flemish and Dutch genre painting is that of the
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The first true genre painter in the United States was the German immigrant
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dominated the field until the 18th century, and in the 17th century both
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Genre subjects appear in many traditions of art. Painted decorations in
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prints are rich in depictions of people at leisure and at work, as are
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often illustrated scenes of everyday peasant life, especially in the
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708:(1808–85) specialized in gently humorous genre scenes, and in Italy
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genre scenes of street life as well as the kitchen scenes known as
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were among the many painters specializing in genre subjects in the
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produced numerous specialists who mostly painted genre scenes.
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712:(1825–90) painted scenes of military life. Subsequently, the
807:(1894–1978) exemplify a more modern type of genre painting.
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often depict banquets, recreation, and agrarian scenes, and
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shows an old poultry seller handing a young woman a live
1284:, Winterthur Portfolio, Volume 38, Number 4 Winter 2003
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667:. Scotland produced two influential genre painters,
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panel painter of "low" subjects, such as survive in
679:(1837) inspired a major work by the French painter
1261:Review of: 'Henri De Braekeleer: 1840–1888' (2019)
538:(1617–82). More than a century later, the artist
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437:. Their whose works would inspire local artists
1119:Art & Architecture Thesaurus, s.v. "genre"
542:(1746–1828) used genre scenes in painting and
1008:Gallery of Dutch 17th-century genre paintings
1342:Van Suchtelen, Ariadne and Quentin Buvelot.
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606:. This trend, already apparent by 1817 when
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1313:American Scenes of Everyday Life, 1840–1910
16:Paintings of scenes or events from everyday
1024:painted almost exclusively winter scenes.
716:, as well as such 20th-century artists as
101:versions and provincial wall-paintings at
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530:were painted by Spanish artists such as
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1067:A Boy and a Girl with a Cat and an Eel
520:of painting in the 17th century, many
803:(1938–2009) and those of illustrator
186:In the previous century, the Flemish
385:. The initial Bamboccianti included
1346:. Zwolle: Waanders Publishers 2016.
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741:Fur Traders Descending the Missouri
618:art of French academicians such as
25:Lady Writing a Letter with her Maid
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1202:As the Old Sing, So the Young Pipe
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612:Henri IV Playing with His Children
121:Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
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677:The Cottar's Saturday Night
113:in the calendar section of
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1322:at the Metropoliton Museum
1271:in Oud Holland, April 2020
590:Barge Haulers on the Volga
561:Barge Haulers on the Volga
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1128:. Accessed 30 April 2022.
958:David Teniers the Younger
811:Genre in Asian traditions
213:Pieter Brueghel the Elder
164:Dutch Golden Age painting
137:Pieter Brueghel the Elder
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932:Jan Sanders van Hemessen
192:Jan Sanders van Hemessen
160:Flemish Baroque painting
1002:, between 1655 and 1675
762:Jan August Hendrik Leys
758:Willem Linnig the Elder
754:Ferdinand de Braekeleer
107:illuminated manuscripts
1177:Ingrid A. Cartwright,
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693:realist painters like
686:After Dinner at Ornans
675:(1785–1841). Wilkie's
653:Frederick Daniel Hardy
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179:Il caso senza speranza
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111:Labours of the Months
47:, depicts aspects of
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1384:at Wikimedia Commons
1037:Gerard van Honthorst
785:William Sidney Mount
781:George Caleb Bingham
745:George Caleb Bingham
665:John Everett Millais
649:Augustus Leopold Egg
645:William Powell Frith
634:The Man on the Chair
614:, culminated in the
497:Jean-Baptiste Greuze
117:, most famously the
1280:Anneliese Harding,
1049:Utrecht Caravaggism
996:Gillis van Tilborgh
977:Joos van Craesbeeck
766:Henri de Braekeleer
661:William Holman Hunt
638:Henri De Braekeleer
453:among many others.
435:Jacob van Staverden
403:Johannes Lingelbach
258:Gillis van Tilborgh
254:Joos van Craesbeeck
1403:Visual arts genres
1318:2022-09-27 at the
1303:at Encore Editions
1299:2022-05-21 at the
1267:2020-11-23 at the
1259:Jan Dirk Baetens,
1245:2022-09-18 at the
1212:at the Mauritshuis
1208:2021-11-08 at the
1124:2018-07-31 at the
1043:, 1623, using the
981:Soldiers and Women
839:Katsushika Hokusai
773:John Lewis Krimmel
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657:George Elgar Hicks
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518:Spanish Golden Age
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367:The Dutch painter
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316:The Poultry seller
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270:David Ryckaert III
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208:Joachim Beuckelaer
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1380:Media related to
1339:, pp. 10–25.
1137:Book XXXV.112 of
1022:Hendrick Avercamp
847:Utagawa Hiroshige
540:Francisco de Goya
509:A Rake's Progress
487:, or the careful
407:SĂ©bastien Bourdon
348:Pleasures of Love
57:history paintings
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622:(1824–1904) and
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599:History painting
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534:(1599–1660) and
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419:Dirck Helmbreker
332:The Happy Family
278:Johannes Vermeer
238:Isaac van Ostade
223:The Happy Family
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689:(1849). Famous
681:Gustave Courbet
604:Troubador style
585:Gustave Courbet
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465:Michiel Sweerts
411:Michiel Sweerts
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302:Adriaen Brouwer
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133:Peasant Dance
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126:
122:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
76:
74:
70:
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62:
59:(also called
58:
54:
50:
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46:
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42:
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31:
27:
26:
21:
1364:Costumbrismo
1343:
1336:
1308:
1289:
1281:
1276:
1260:
1254:
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1226:
1217:
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1157:
1148:
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1133:
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1091:
1066:
1040:
999:
980:
962:Tavern scene
961:
935:
909:
906:Kim Deuk-sin
890:
869:
835:Kim Deuk-sin
814:
801:Ernie Barnes
777:David Wilkie
770:
750:
740:
722:Itshak Holtz
704:In Germany,
703:
695:Vasily Perov
684:
676:
643:
633:
611:
588:
578:
559:
551:19th century
525:
514:
507:
502:In England,
501:
477:romanticized
470:
460:
427:Anton Goubau
415:Thomas Wijck
382:Bamboccianti
380:
377:Bentvueghels
366:
359:
357:
347:
331:
326:
315:
307:
295:
262:Aelbert Cuyp
232:
222:
185:
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73:middle class
60:
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40:
36:
35:
23:
1200:Jan Steen,
1099: 1657
1074: 1635
1045:chiaroscuro
943: 1545
887:Sin Yun-bok
866:Kim Hong-do
831:Sin Yun-bok
797:John Rogers
669:David Allan
573: 1870
544:printmaking
461:Bathing men
423:Jan Asselyn
327:The Smokers
297:The Smokers
188:Renaissance
144: 1568
95:Hellenistic
69:bourgeoisie
61:grand genre
53:genre scene
41:petit genre
30:Jan Vermeer
1392:Categories
1106:References
827:Kim Hongdo
730:David Park
699:Ilya Repin
595:Ilya Repin
566:Ilya Repin
522:picaresque
309:instance,
1092:The Visit
597:, 1873).
532:Velázquez
527:bodegones
485:Fragonard
354:, 1718/19
242:Jan Steen
227:Jan Steen
196:Mannerist
87:Peiraikos
65:portraits
45:genre art
1398:Painting
1358:See also
1316:Archived
1297:Archived
1265:Archived
1243:Archived
1206:Archived
1163:30 April
1122:Archived
912:, 17000s
910:Pajeokdo
816:Japanese
610:painted
583:such as
581:Realists
399:Jan Miel
391:Jan Both
373:Campagna
190:painter
32:1670/71)
983:, 1640s
893:, 1800s
874:, 1800s
871:Seodang
819:ukiyo-e
691:Russian
616:pompier
536:Murillo
493:Chardin
489:realism
481:Watteau
387:Andries
322:rooster
234:Adriaen
200:Antwerp
150:To 1800
103:Pompeii
1350:
964:, 1640
849:, and
833:, and
823:Korean
787:, and
747:, 1845
728:, and
640:, 1845
608:Ingres
467:, 1655
449:, and
433:, and
318:, 1662
304:, 1636
229:, 1668
182:, 1871
99:mosaic
63:) and
575:–1873
93:as a
83:tombs
71:, or
1348:ISBN
1165:2022
1158:DBNL
760:and
697:and
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483:and
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
