3800:: "scholars have thought that the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy), were not written by Moses, but later, and that they represent not a single work by a single author, but a compilation of sources, each of them written at different times. The evidence for this view is quite overwhelming The internal tensions in the Pentateuch came to be seen as particularly significant. Nowhere were these tensions more evident than in the opening accounts of the very first book, in the creation stories of Genesis chapters 1 and 2. Scholars came to recognize that what is said in Genesis 1 cannot be easily (or at all) reconciled with what is said in Genesis 2. These do not appear to be two complementary accounts of how the creation took place; they appear to be two accounts that are at odds with each other in fundamental and striking ways."
1787:
3910:, p. 7-8), the Priestly author of Genesis 1 had to confront two major difficulties to present his narrative. First, there is the fact that since only God exists at this point, no-one was available to be the narrator; the storyteller solved this by introducing an unobtrusive "third person narrator." Second, there was the problem of conflict: conflict is necessary to arouse the reader's interest in the story, yet with nothing else existing, neither a chaos-monster nor another god, there cannot be any conflict. This was solved by creating a very minimal tension: God is opposed by nothingness itself, the blank of the world "without form and void". Telling the story in this way was a deliberate choice: there are a number of creation stories in the Bible, but they tend to be told in the first person, by Wisdom, the instrument by which God created the world; the choice of an
2663:
the image of God created He him; male and female created He them. 28 And God blessed them; and God said unto them: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that creepeth upon the earth.' 29 And God said: 'Behold, I have given you every herb yielding seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed—to you it shall be for food; 30 and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is a living soul, every green herb for food.' And it was so.31 And God saw every thing that He had made, and, behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, the sixth day.
2474:
2644:
2158:
3302:
and a formless earth, over which hovers the spirit of God. The following three days describe the first triad: the creation of light and its separation from the primal darkness (Gen. 1:3–5); the creation of the "firmament" within the primal waters so that the heavens (space between the firmament and the surface of the seas) and the "waters under the firmament" can appear (Gen. 1:6–8); and the separation of the waters under the firmament into seas and dry land with its plants and trees. The second triad describes the peopling of the three elements of the first: sun, moon, and stars for the day and night (Gen. 1:14–19), fish and birds for the heavens and seas (Gen. 1:20–23), and finally animals and man for the vegetated land (24–31). This framework is illustrated in the following table.
3851:: "The imprint of Mesopotamia’s mythic thought and literature on Genesis’ Primeval History (Genesis 1–11) is hard to overstate, even if the biblical unit also contains much that is non-Mesopotamian in origins, and even if it must ultimately be considered on its own terms and, more broadly, those of the Bible as a whole. But these factors cannot take away from the place of Mesopotamia’s stories of origins in the Bible’s opening chapters; and the latter, remarkably, do not fully conceal these antecedents. To the contrary, in its layout the biblical text appears frank about the locale of what preceded its eventual epic-making call to Abraham to “go forth” (Gen. 12:1) from his homeland and begin anew in a faraway place."
3973:, in contrast, states that "the assertion that the P account lacks anthropomorphisms is mistaken," pointing to the imagery of God as "a craftsman going through his workweek." Collins doubts that the stories come from different sources, and says that, since the original sources are "unrecoverable," the "literary whole invites us to read the two pericopes in a complementary way". Thus he highlights the "overall flow of the narrative," viewing the first narrative as a "big-picture" account followed by a "close-up" on the way God created humanity in the second narrative. He states that "if someone produced this text by stitching sources together, he left the seams smooth indeed." (
3989:: "The reason for this admission of Mesopotamian priority is easy enough to appreciate. When it came to world origins, the traditions of this “nation from old” (Jer. 5:15)—traditions that, as the story of Gilgamesh makes explicit, brim with their own antiquity—could not simply be brushed aside. If, then, the Bible was to offer something meaningful about such topics, Mesopotamia’s version of events would necessarily have to be addressed. The challenge presented by Mesopotamia, therefore, would amount to a delicate balancing act: How was the Bible to incorporate this ancient tradition while at the same time not losing its own claim for a theological revolution?"
3044:(c. 1800 BCE) the hero is given a plant whose name is "man becomes young in old age", but a serpent steals the plant from him. Kline regards the tree of life as a symbol or seal of the reward of eternal life for successful fulfilment of the covenant by humanity. There has been much scholarly discussion about the type of knowledge given by the second tree. Suggestions include: human qualities, sexual consciousness, ethical knowledge, or universal knowledge; with the last being the most widely accepted. In Eden, mankind has a choice between wisdom and life, and chooses the first, although God intended them for the second.
2347:
3228:
2337:... Worlds apart is the Genesis concept of creation by divine fiat. Notice how the Bible passes over in absolute silence the nature of the matter—if any—upon which the divine word acted creatively. Its presence or absence is of no importance, for there is no tie between it and God. "Let there be!" or, as the Psalmist echoed it, "He spoke and it was so," refers not to the utterance of the magic word, but to the expression of the omnipotent, sovereign, unchallengeable will of the absolute, transcendent God to whom all nature is completely subservient.
1681:). When the Jews came into contact with Greek thought, there followed a major reinterpretation of the underlying cosmology of the Genesis narrative. The biblical authors conceived the cosmos as a flat disc-shaped Earth in the centre, an underworld for the dead below, and heaven above. Below the Earth were the "waters of chaos", the cosmic sea, home to mythic monsters defeated and slain by God; in Exodus 20:4, God warns against making an image "of anything that is in the waters under the earth". There were also waters above the Earth, and so the
782:
2807:. Humanity is to extend the Kingdom of God beyond Eden, and, imitating the Creator-God, is to labour to bring the earth into its service, to the end of the fulfilment of the mandate. This would include the procreation of offspring, the subjugation and replenishment of the earth (e.g., the use of natural resources), dominion over creatures (e.g., animal domestication), labor in general, and marriage. God tells the animals and humans that he has given them "the green plants for food" – creation is to be
2851:
2902:
1708:
with assigning roles so that the Cosmos should function. John Day, however, considers that
Genesis 1 clearly provides an account of the creation of the material universe. Even so, the doctrine had not yet been fully developed in the early 2nd century AD, although early Christian scholars were beginning to see a tension between the idea of world-formation and the omnipotence of God; by the beginning of the 3rd century this tension was resolved, world-formation was overcome, and creation
3467:
means employed in this chapter to stress the system and order that has been built into creation. Other devices include the use of repeating formulae, the tendency to group words and phrases into tens and sevens, literary techniques such as chiasm and inclusio, the arrangement of creative acts into matching groups, and so on. If these hints were not sufficient to indicate the schematization of the six-day creation story, the very content of the narrative points in the same direction.
77:
10083:
1473:
12402:
12428:
720:
42:
12440:
12476:
12452:
12464:
3939:, p. 9): "One aspect of narrative in Genesis that requires special attention is its high tolerance for different versions of the same event, a well-known feature of ancient Near Eastern literature, from earliest times through rabbinic midrash This could not have happened if the existence of variation were seen as a serious defect or if rigid consistency were deemed essential to effective storytelling."
3219:, which means both "rib" and "to make live" in Sumerian. The Hebrew word traditionally translated "rib" in English can also mean "side", "chamber", or "beam". A long-standing exegetical tradition holds that the use of a rib from man's side emphasises that both man and woman have equal dignity, for woman was created from the same material as man, shaped and given life by the same processes.
1176:
3923:"In summary, rather than creating a fully new text after the manner of a modern novelist or even a modern historian, ancient authors of historylike narratives like Gilgamesh or Genesis would often build their text out of earlier traditions. Seen within this perspective, Genesis is part of a broader spectrum of originally anonymous, history-like ancient Near Eastern narratives" (
2487:
great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night; and the stars. 17 And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, 18 and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness; and God saw that it was good. 19 And there was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.
2450:
grass, herb yielding seed, and fruit-tree bearing fruit after its kind, wherein is the seed thereof, upon the earth.' And it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, herb yielding seed after its kind, and tree bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after its kind; and God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening and there was morning, a third day.
1416:, day two the "waters above" from the "waters below", and day three the sea from the land. In each of the next three days these divisions are populated: day four populates the darkness and light with Sun, Moon and stars; day five populates seas and skies with fish and fowl; and finally land-based creatures and mankind populate the land.
4023:"The story of Adam and Eve's sin in the garden of Eden (2.25–3.24) displays similarities with Gilgamesh, an epic poem that tells of how its hero lost the opportunity for immortality and came to terms with his humanity. the biblical narrator has adapted the Mesopotamian forerunner to Israelite theology" (
2876:
Creation is followed by "rest". In ancient Near
Eastern literature the divine rest is achieved in a temple as a result of having brought order to chaos. Rest is both disengagement, as the work of creation is finished, but also engagement, as the deity is now present in his temple to maintain a secure
2486:
14 And God said: 'Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years; 15 and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth.' And it was so. 16 And God made the two
1281:
of God who created the heavens and the earth by his word. Collins notes that the "exalted" style of the narrative precludes a "literalistic" interpretation. In the second narrative, human activity comes into view, and so its language becomes more ordinary in comparison to the first narrative, leading
3301:
Kline's analysis divides the six days of creation in
Genesis into two groups of three ("triads"). The introduction, Genesis 1:1–2, "In the beginning… the earth was without form and void, and darkness was upon the face of the deep…", describes the primal universe containing darkness, a watery "deep",
2662:
26 And God said: 'Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.' 27 And God created man in His own image, in
3493:); therefore, in our search for the truth about the origins of the universe, we must be sensitive to both the "book of words" (Scripture) and the "book of works" (nature). Since God is the author of both "books", we should expect that they do not conflict with each other when properly interpreted.
2871:
And the heaven and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. 2 And on the seventh day God finished His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made. 3 And God blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it; because that in it He rested from all His
1957:
which God performs in
Genesis 1 concerns bringing "heaven and earth" from chaos into ordered existence. Day disputes Walton's functional interpretation of the creation narrative. Day argues that material creation is the "only natural way of taking the text" and that this interpretation was the only
1707:
felt it was the only concept that the three religions shared – yet it is not found directly in
Genesis, nor in the entire Hebrew Bible. According to Walton, the Priestly authors of Genesis 1 were concerned not with the origins of matter (the material which God formed into the habitable cosmos), but
1538:
in the sky to hold back Tiamat's upper waters. With the other half, Marduk forms dry land to hold back her lower waters. Marduk then organises the heavenly bodies and assigns tasks to the gods in maintaining the cosmos. When the gods complain about their work, Marduk creates humans out of the blood
1361:
accepted by the entire community. According to this theory, there were two powerful groups in the community, the priestly families who controlled the Temple, and the landowning families who made up the "elders," which were in conflict over many issues. Each had its own "history of origins," but the
3794:: "The book of Genesis is the first book of the Pentateuch, as the first five books of the Hebrew Bible are known. This includes Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. Tradition says that Moses wrote these five books but the scholarly consensus is that Moses didn’t write any of them.
2418:
surrounded by the waters above and the waters below. The firmament is a solid dome that rests on mountains at the edges of the earth. It is transparent, allowing men to see the blue of the waters above with "windows" to allow rain to fall. The sun, moon and stars are underneath the firmament. Deep
2555:
And God said: 'Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let fowl fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven.' 21 And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature that creepeth, wherewith the waters swarmed, after its kind, and every winged fowl after its
2454:
By the end of the third day God has created a foundational environment of light, heavens, seas and earth. God does not create or make trees and plants, but instead commands the earth to produce them. The underlying theological meaning seems to be that God has given the previously barren earth the
1808:
The first creation account is divided into seven days during which God creates light (day 1); the sky (day 2); the earth, seas, and vegetation (day 3); the sun and moon (day 4); animals of the air and sea (day 5); and land animals and humans (day 6). God rested from his work on the seventh day of
3466:
It has been unfortunate that one device which our narrative uses to express the coherence and purposiveness of the creator's work, namely, the distribution of the various creative acts to six days, has been seized on and interpreted over-literalistically… The six day schema is but one of several
2658:
24 And God said: 'Let the earth bring forth the living creature after its kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth after its kind.' And it was so. 25 And God made the beast of the earth after its kind, and the cattle after their kind, and every thing that creepeth upon the ground
3410:
Differences exist on how to classify the two triads, but Kline's analysis is suggestive: the first triad (days 1–3) narrates the establishment of the creation kingdoms, and the second triad (days 4–6), the production of the creature kinds. Furthermore, this structure is not without theological
2920:
story, was probably authored around 500 BCE as "a discourse on ideals in life, the danger in human glory, and the fundamentally ambiguous nature of humanity – especially human mental faculties". The Garden in which the action takes place lies on the mythological border between the human and the
2449:
And God said: 'Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear.' And it was so. 10 And God called the dry land Earth, and the gathering together of the waters called He Seas; and God saw that it was good. 11 And God said: 'Let the earth put forth
1905:
argue that
Genesis 1:1 describes the initial creation of the universe, the former writing: "Since the inchoate earth and the heavens in the sense of the air/wind were already in existence in Gen. 1:2, it is most natural to assume that Gen. 1:1 refers to God's creative act in making them." Other
1337:
The two stories were combined, but there is currently no scholarly consensus on when the narrative reached its final form. A common hypothesis among biblical scholars today is that the first major comprehensive narrative of the
Pentateuch was composed in the 7th or 6th centuries BCE. A sizeable
2355:
6 And God said: 'Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.' 7 And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament; and it was so. 8 And God called the firmament
1608:
that "watered the whole face of the ground"; in both myths, Yahweh/the gods first create a man to serve him/them, then animals and vegetation. At the same time, and as with
Genesis 1, the Jewish version has drastically changed its Babylonian model: Eve, for example, seems to fill the role of a
1820:
rather than factual – that is, the numbers were used because they held some symbolic value to the author. The number seven, denoting divine completion, permeates
Genesis 1: verse 1:1 consists of seven words, verse 1:2 has fourteen, and 2:1–3 has 35 words (5×7); Elohim is mentioned 35 times,
3480:
at a popular level. Creationists who take a literalist approach have laid the charge that
Christians who interpret Genesis symbolically or allegorically are assigning science an authority over that of Scripture. Advocates of the framework view respond by noting that Scripture affirms God's
3516:, have criticised the framework interpretation, deeming it an unsuitable reading of the Genesis text. Grudem states that, "while the 'framework' view does not deny the truthfulness of Scripture, it adopts an interpretation of Scripture which, upon closer inspection, seems very unlikely."
2186:
Creation takes place over six days. The creative acts are arranged so that the first three days set up the environments necessary for the creations of the last three days to thrive. For example, God creates light on the first day and the light-producing heavenly bodies on the fourth day.
1777:
in which God creates the world by vanquishing the water deities: "Awake, awake! ... It was you that hacked Rahab in pieces, that pierced the Dragon! It was you that dried up the Sea, the waters of the great Deep, that made the abysses of the Sea a road that the redeemed might walk..."
3586:
How much history lies behind the story of Genesis? Because the action of the primeval story is not represented as taking place on the plane of ordinary human history and has so many affinities with ancient mythology, it is very far-fetched to speak of its narratives as historical at
2811:. Only later, after the Flood, is man given permission to eat flesh. The Priestly author of Genesis appears to look back to an ideal past in which mankind lived at peace both with itself and with the animal kingdom, and which could be re-achieved through a proper sacrificial life in
1394:
God". Traditional or evangelical scholars such as Collins explain this a single author's variation in style in order to, for example, emphasize the unity and transcendence of "God" in the first narrative, who created the heavens and the earth by himself. Critical scholars such as
1405:" (Yahweh) title, but a later editor added "God" to form the composite name: "It therefore appears to be an effort by the Redactor (R) to soften the transition from the P creation, which uses only 'God' (thirty-five times), to the coming J stories, which use only the name YHWH."
1570:. During creation, a dome-shaped firmament is put in place to hold back the water and make Earth habitable. Both conclude with the creation of a human called "man" and the building of a temple for the god (in Genesis 1, this temple is the entire cosmos). In contrast to
2291:
3 And God said: 'Let there be light.' And there was light. 4 And God saw the light, that it was good; and God divided the light from the darkness. 5 And God called the light Day, and the darkness He called Night. And there was evening and there was morning, one
2091:). It could mean "breath", "wind", or "spirit" in different contexts. The traditional translation is "spirit of God". In the Hebrew Bible, the spirit of God is understood to be an extension of God's power. The term is analogous to saying the "hand of the Lord" (
1412:) employs a repetitious structure of divine fiat and fulfillment, then the statement "And there was evening and there was morning, the day," for each of the six days of creation. In each of the first three days there is an act of division: day one divides the
8157:
3099:) and a curse is attached if the proscription is transgressed, which is said to be death, although Kline interprets this to be spiritual death or eternal perdition rather than physical death. The Hebrew behind this is in the form used in the Bible for issuing
2332:
The pronouncement of the right word, like the performance of the right magical actions, is able to, or rather, inevitably must, actualize the potentialities which are inherent in the inert matter. In other words, it implies a mystic bond uniting matter to its
2545:
In Genesis 1:17, the stars are set in the firmament. In Babylonian myth, the heavens were made of various precious stones with the stars engraved in their surface (compare Exodus 24:10 where the elders of Israel see God on the sapphire floor of heaven).
3535:
has deconstructed many traditional views on the Bible, conservative evangelical traditions have tended to interpret the Genesis creation narrative in a literal way, but have also engaged into (sometimes heated) dispute on the interpretation of Genesis.
1731:" (struggle or combat) model, in which it is God's victory in battle over the monsters of the sea that mark his sovereignty and might. There is no complete combat myth preserved in the Bible. However, there are fragmentary allusions to such a myth in
2300:. God creates by fiat; things come into existence by divine decree. Like a king, God has merely to speak for things to happen. On day one, God creates light and separates the light from the darkness. Then he names them. God therefore creates time.
1649:, "on the subject of creation biblical tradition aligned itself with the traditional tenets of Babylonian science." The opening words of Genesis 1, "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth", sum up the belief of the author(s) that
1438:, "These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created." This echoes the first line of Genesis 1, "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth", and is reversed in the next phrase, "...in the day that the L
3955:
God who creates a god-resembling humanity, while the one-day creation of Genesis 2 uses a simple linear narrative, a God who can fail as well as succeed, and a humanity which is not god-like but is punished for attempting to become god-like
3251:. This literature was dedicated to the composition of commentaries, homilies, and treatises concerned with the exegesis of the biblical creation narrative through ancient and medieval times. The first Christian example of this genre was the
3896:
famously suggested that the author of Genesis 1–11 "demythologised" his narrative, meaning that he removed from his sources (the Babylonian myths) those elements which did not fit with his own faith, Genesis may still be referred to as
3411:
significance, for all the created realms and regents of the six days are subordinate vassals of God, who takes His royal Sabbath rest as the Creator King on the seventh day. Thus, the seventh day marks the climax of the creation week.
1693:, this was largely replaced by a more "scientific" model as imagined by Greek philosophers, according to which the Earth was a sphere at the centre of concentric shells of celestial spheres containing the Sun, Moon, stars and planets.
2925:
near the rim of the world; following a conventional ancient Near Eastern concept, the Eden river first forms that ocean and then divides into four rivers which run from the four corners of the earth towards its centre. According to
1229:
that play a fundamental role in a society. For scholars, this is very different from the vernacular usage of the term "myth" that refers to a belief that is not true. Instead, the veracity of a myth is not a defining criterion.
2953:(in the following quote, each subject of the chiasmus is preceded by "" to denote its place in the chiastic configuration; "These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created in the day that the
2556:
kind; and God saw that it was good. 22 And God blessed them, saying: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth.' 23 And there was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.
1457:) phrases used throughout Genesis, which provide a literary structure to the book. They normally function as headings to what comes after, but the position of this, the first of the series, has been the subject of much debate.
2315:
create by speech. In Genesis, creative acts begin with speech and are finalized with naming. This has parallels in other ancient Near Eastern cultures. In the Memphite Theology, the creator god names everything. Similarly,
3754:
is used here in its academic sense, meaning "a traditional story consisting of events that are ostensibly historical, though often supernatural, explaining the origins of a cultural practice or natural phenomenon." It is
3075:) it is a mythological place located on the holy Mountain of God, with echoes of a Mesopotamian myth of the king as a primordial man placed in a divine garden to guard the tree of life "in the midst of the garden" (2:9).
2462:, climatic or agricultural disasters could cause widespread suffering through famine. Nevertheless, Genesis 1 describes God's original creation as "good"—the natural world was not originally a threat to human survival.
3765:). While the author of Genesis 1–11 "demythologised" his narrative by removing the Babylonian myths and those elements which did not fit with his own faith, it remains a myth in the sense of being a story of origins. (
8139:
9677:
2455:
ability to produce vegetation, and it now does so at his command. "According to (one's) kind" appears to look forward to the laws found later in the Pentateuch, which lay great stress on holiness through separation.
7571:
2147:, there is no such battle in Genesis 1 though the text includes the primeval ocean and references to God's wind. Instead, Genesis 1 depicts a single God whose power is uncontested and who brings order out of chaos.
2515:, most scholars agree that the choice of "greater light" and "lesser light", rather than the more explicit "sun" and "moon", is anti-mythological rhetoric intended to contradict widespread contemporary beliefs in
3964:, pp. 62–64). "Together, this combination of parallel character and contrasting profile point to the different origin of materials in Genesis 1 and Genesis 2, however elegantly they have now been combined" (
8344:
7627:
3471:
The framework view has been successful in the modern era because it is seen as a resolution of the traditional conflict between the Genesis creation narrative and modern science. It presents an alternative to
1632:
and its aftermath. The two share numerous plot-details (e.g. the divine garden and the role of the first man in the garden, the creation of the man from a mixture of earth and divine substance, the chance of
3810:
tend to a literal reading of Genesis, taking it as history, in contrast to a literary reading, but also explains that the interpretation of Genesis is a matter of (sometimes heated) dispute for Evangelicals.
2842:. However according to Collins, since the creation of man is the climax of the first creation account, "very good" must signify the presentation of man as the crown of God's creation, which is to serve him.
2885:, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; for in six days the L
9095:
8430:
7660:
9005:
2350:
Ancient Israelites and other Near Eastern people understood the world to be surrounded by water. The upper waters are contained by a solid dome or firmament (the sky). The dome was supported by mountains.
9868:
9850:
3862:
9570:
2727:
The creation of mankind is the climax of the creation account and God's implied purpose for creating the world. Everything created up to this point was made for humanity's use. Man was created in the "
2724:. Some justify this by stating that the plural reveals a "duality within the Godhead" that recalls the "Spirit of God" mentioned in verse 2; "And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters".
2720:
with God enthroned as king and proposing the creation of mankind to the lesser divine beings. A traditional interpretation is that "us" refers to a plurality of persons in the Godhead, which reflects
9847:
2410:, the verb used for the act of beating metal into thin plates. Ancient people throughout the world believed the sky was solid, and the firmament in Genesis 1 was understood to be a solid dome. In
7811:
8213:
8174:
8568:
3059:
was a spring outside the city (mirroring the spring which waters Eden); and the imagery of the Garden, with its serpent and cherubs, has been seen as a reflection of the real images of the
7899:
2877:
and ordered cosmos. Compare with Exodus 20:8–20:11: "Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work; but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the L
2983:
has the translation "mist" for this word, following Jewish practice. Since the mid-20th century, Hebraists have generally accepted that the real meaning is "spring of underground water".
3787:
The Mosaic authorship of Genesis has been rejected in scholarship, and the Genesis creation narrative is thought to consist of two different stories, attributed to two different authors.
1233:
According to Cotter, Genesis 1 is "story", since it features character and characterization, a narrator, and dramatic tension expressed through a series of incidents arranged in time.
8264:
7503:
2949:("These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens,") because it is widely recognized as a
1370:
The creation narrative is made up of two stories, roughly equivalent to the two first chapters of the Book of Genesis (there are no chapter divisions in the original Hebrew text; see "
9504:
8810:
1460:
The overlapping stories of Genesis 1 and 2 are usually regarded as contradictory but also complementary, with the first (the Priestly story) concerned with the creation of the entire
9865:
9859:
9856:
7864:
2530:
On day four, the language of "ruling" is introduced. The heavenly bodies will "govern" day and night and mark seasons, years and days. This was a matter of crucial importance to the
8903:
2396:), to divide the waters. Water was a "primal generative force" in pagan mythologies. In Genesis, however, the primeval ocean possesses no powers and is completely at God's command.
7078:
In conclusion, while the 'framework' view does not deny the truthfulness of Scripture, it adopts an interpretation of Scripture which, upon closer inspection, seems very unlikely.
3091:). In verse 17, God gives the "focal probationary proscription", that Adam must not eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, which refers to "judicial discernment" (cf.
9747:
7934:
7370:
6821:
2527:
posits that the account of the fourth day reveals that the sun and the moon operate only according to the will of God, and so demonstrates that it is foolish to worship them.
3293:). Biblical scholars and theologians present the structure as evidence that the first creation narrative constitutes a symbolic rather than literal presentation of creation.
9661:
9295:
403:
7553:
3599:
interpretation of the Genesis accounts is inappropriate, misleading, and unworkable it presupposes and insists upon a kind of literature and intention that is not there."
2320:
begins when heaven, earth, and the gods were unnamed. Walton writes, "In this way of thinking, things did not exist unless they were named." According to biblical scholar
9330:
3123:, but before he causes Adam to sleep, then creating Eve from his side in verses 21–22, Adam's first recorded action is described. That is, his naming of other creatures (
2967:
The content of the verse 4 opening is a set introduction similar to those found in Babylonian myths. Before the man is created, the earth is a barren waste watered by an
1844:, Genesis 1 can be interpreted as a description of the construction of the cosmos as God's house, for which the Temple in Jerusalem served as the earthly representative.
8326:
7264:
6894:
2167:
9712:
7611:
1285:
According to Carr, Genesis can also be regarded as "historylike", "part of a broader spectrum of originally anonymous, history-like ancient Near Eastern narratives."
9537:
1594:. In Genesis 1, however, God is all powerful. He creates humans in the divine image, and cares for their wellbeing, and gives them dominion over every living thing.
11953:
3629:
1315:"as a matter of faith," the Mosaic authorship has been questioned since the 11th century, and has been rejected in scholarship since the 17th century. Scholars of
9471:
9079:
8414:
8074:
7644:
2070:. In Genesis, however, there is no such personification. The elements of chaos are not seen as evil but as indications that God has not begun his creative work.
8989:
6347:
9384:
6415:
9554:
6723:
1604:
has a spring (in the sea) as the point where creation begins, paralleling the spring (on the land – Genesis 2 is notable for being a "dry" creation story) in
1326:
The creation narrative consists of two separate accounts, drawn from different sources. The first account, in Genesis 1:1–2:3, is from what scholars call the
7202:
2458:
In the first three days, God set up time, climate, and vegetation, all necessary for the proper functioning of the cosmos. For ancient peoples living in an
9606:
8936:
3442:) popularized the view in the late 1950s. It has gained acceptance in modern times through the work of such theologians and scholars as Meredith G. Kline,
3131:. Verse 20 also states that, among all the animals, none was found to be a suitable helper for him, which leads into the account of the creation of Eve.
2270:
At the end of the sixth day, when creation is complete, the world is a cosmic temple in which the role of humanity is the worship of God. This parallels
1243:
narrative" for three reasons: the absence of actors other than God, the very ordered way of narrating events, and rhetorically "high" language, such as "
2625:), the creator-god has to do battle with the sea-monsters before he can make heaven and earth. In Genesis, however, there is no hint of combat, and the
7795:
3002:), meaning "fashioned", a word used in contexts such as a potter fashioning a pot from clay. God breathes his own breath into the clay and it becomes
12312:
11734:
10754:
9438:
9259:
931:
8228:
8193:
6944:
12012:
9454:
McMullin, Ernin (2010). "Creation Ex Nihilo: Early History". In Burrell, David B.; Cogliati, Carlo; Soskice, Janet M.; Stoeger, William R. (eds.).
8550:
2781:; in this form it is a generic noun, "mankind", and does not imply that this creation is male. After this first mention the word always appears as
9877:
9874:
8639:
3285:
The framework interpretation (also known as the "literary framework" view, "framework theory", or "framework hypothesis") is a description of the
1357:
in 538 BCE, agreed to grant Jerusalem a large measure of local autonomy within the empire, but required the local authorities to produce a single
8533:
8116:
7881:
2511:, another reference to the cosmos being a temple. Specifically, God creates the "greater light", the "lesser light", and the stars. According to
1856:
2 And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
9520:
Sawyer, John F.A. (1992). "The Image of God, the Wisdom of Serpents, and the Knowledge of Good and Evil". In Paul Morris, Deborah Sawyer (ed.).
7004:
9190:
1720:
The Genesis narratives are not the only biblical creation accounts. The Bible preserves two contrasting models of creation. The first is the "
8248:
7485:
1052:
9922:
9812:(Hebrew–English text, with Rashi's commentary. The translation is the authoritative Judaica Press version, edited by Rabbi A. J. Rosenberg.)
9488:
8792:
2259:
Verse 31 sums up all of creation with, "God saw every thing that He had made, and, indeed, it was very good". According to biblical scholar
2139:, the storm god Marduk defeats Tiamat with his wind. While stories of a cosmic battle prior to creation were familiar to ancient Israelites
12134:
11306:
9164:
9038:
7848:
6559:
381:
8885:
7103:. New International Commentary on the Old Testament (NICOT). Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 540.
3087:, are summarised in verses 15-17. In verse 15, humanity is to "dress" and "keep" the garden (KJV), or to "work it" and "take care of it" (
8958:
7731:
7456:
428:
12322:
9729:
6457:
2938:, the narrative establishes the site of the "climactic probation test", which is also where the "covenant crisis" of Genesis 3 occurs.
936:
921:
3438:
was the first proponent of the Framework Hypothesis in 1924. Nicolaas Ridderbos (not to be confused with his more well-known brother,
3189:), meaning "man", but the two words are not in fact connected. Later, after the story of the Garden is complete, she receives a name:
1530:, the female saltwater deity. The first gods were born from their sexual union. Both Apsu and Tiamat were killed by the younger gods.
1330:(P), largely dated to the 6th century BCE. The second account, which is older and takes up the rest of Genesis 2, is largely from the
11844:
10378:
7916:
7417:
7354:
3951:
points to the differences between the two stories. He argues that the highly regimented seven-day narrative of Genesis 1 features an
1786:
1302:
1298:
6809:
2267:... It does not necessarily have an ethical connotation: it is not mankind that is said to be 'good', but God's work as craftsman."
1399:, on the contrary, take this as evidence of multiple authorship. Friedman states that the Jahwist source originally only used the "L
12340:
11742:
9348:
Enuma Elish: The Seven Tablets of Creation; The Babylonian and Assyrian Legends Concerning the Creation of the World and of Mankind
8373:
Spencer, Alexander (2018). "Narratives and the romantic genre in IR dominant and marginalized stories of Arab Rebellion in Libya".
1600:
has also left traces on Genesis 2. Both begin with a series of statements of what did not exist at the moment when creation began;
1362:
Persian promise of greatly increased local autonomy for all provided a powerful incentive to cooperate in producing a single text.
9279:
11726:
11694:
10808:
9900:
9828:
9818:
3158:
means active intervention on behalf of the other person. God's naming of the elements of the cosmos in Genesis 1 illustrated his
1840:; for this reason, and because other Middle Eastern creation stories also climax with the construction of a temple/house for the
1821:"heaven/firmament" and "earth" 21 times each, and the phrases "and it was so" and "God saw that it was good" occur 7 times each.
748:
544:
450:
3083:
Kline states that the terms of the covenant (a divine legal transaction with divinely sanctioned commitments), specifically the
12205:
11042:
10965:
10841:
10749:
9312:
3729:
3624:
2770:
867:
350:
231:
226:
9947:
2643:
2473:
1965:
meaning the entire cosmos. Genesis 1:2 describes the earth as "formless and void". This phrase is a translation of the Hebrew
1724:" (speech) model, where a supreme God "speaks" dormant matter into existence. Genesis 1 is an example of creation by speech.
1534:, the leader of the gods, builds the world with Tiamat's body, which he splits in two. With one half, he builds a dome-shaped
1349:
The "Persian imperial authorisation," which has gained considerable interest, although still controversial, proposes that the
9706:
9671:
9564:
9531:
9465:
9432:
9411:
9378:
9217:
9158:
9125:
9089:
9068:
9032:
8999:
8930:
8897:
8804:
8724:
8677:
8628:
8562:
8527:
8506:
8457:
8424:
8338:
8315:
8258:
8151:
8068:
8045:
7961:
7928:
7893:
7858:
7805:
7760:
7725:
7704:
7621:
7565:
7530:
7497:
7474:
7406:
7331:
7310:
7258:
7248:
7196:
7149:
7131:
7071:
6998:
6878:
6789:
6766:
6743:
6712:
6656:
6609:
6524:
6502:
6446:
6404:
6359:
6309:
3914:
in the Genesis narrative allows the storyteller to create the impression that everything is being told and nothing held back.
2157:
218:
11823:
9223:
9131:
8754:
8601:
7967:
7536:
7337:
7042:
9694:
9521:
12496:
11505:
10028:
9181:
2440:, "all the fountains of the great deep burst forth" from the waters beneath the earth and from the "windows" of the sky.
2010:
1890:
translates verses 1 and 2 as, "In the beginning when God created the heavens and the earth, the earth was a formless void
1506:
479:
3543:, misunderstanding the intention of the author(s) and the culture within which they wrote, will result in a misreading.
1342:, can be dated to the 3rd century BCE, based on discontinuities between the contents of the work and other parts of the
12317:
11710:
11670:
11614:
10744:
10186:
10000:
9455:
8056:
7052:
6631:
6425:
3659:
2788:
image, in the image of God created He him; male and female created He them."), the word is still not exclusively male.
1817:
1653:, the god of Israel, was solely responsible for creation and had no rivals. Later Jewish thinkers, adopting ideas from
254:
249:
9793:
6911:
2766:
2762:
2667:
On day six, God creates land animals and humans. Like the animals of the sea and air, the land animals are designated
1112:
source (J), commonly dated to the 10th or 9th centuries BCE. In this story, God (now referred to by the personal name
11851:
11782:
11598:
11567:
11167:
9783:
9741:
9650:
9631:
9600:
9498:
9368:
9324:
9289:
9253:
8874:
8842:
8748:
8701:
8595:
8480:
8475:. New International Commentary on the Old Testament (2nd ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 831.
8294:
8128:
8024:
7784:
7654:
7600:
7364:
7173:
7108:
7031:
6925:
6888:
6867:
6682:
6569:
6549:
6481:
6380:
6333:
3092:
1045:
1001:
397:
262:
17:
2465:
The three levels of the cosmos are next populated in the same order in which they were created—heavens, sea, earth.
1637:, etc.), and have a similar overall theme: the gradual clarification of man's relationship with God(s) and animals.
1617:, she says that she has "created a man with Yahweh", but she is not a divine being like her Babylonian counterpart.
1085:
ch. 1–2. While the Jewish and Christian tradition is that the account is one comprehensive story modern scholars of
12127:
11790:
9913:
7694:
1371:
673:
154:
7184:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3071:. Genesis 2 is the only place in the Bible where Eden appears as a geographic location: elsewhere (notably in the
2095:). Historically, Christian theologians supported "spirit" as it provided biblical support for the presence of the
2013:
that rebellion against God will lead to the return of darkness and chaos, "as if the earth had been 'uncreated'".
12551:
11809:
6956:
3290:
3096:
2976:
2946:
2591:(translated as "sea creatures" or "sea monsters") in Genesis 1:21 is used elsewhere in the Bible in reference to
2304:
1248:
713:
583:
345:
9590:
8920:
3814:
3490:
3486:
12561:
12526:
11622:
10557:
8102:
7747:
Levenson, Jon D. (2004). "Genesis: Introduction and Annotations". In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi (eds.).
7218:
Hutton, Jeremy (2007). "Isaiah 51:9–11 and the Rhetorical Appropriation and Subversion of Hostile Theologies".
3524:
The meaning to be derived from the Genesis creation narrative will depend on the reader's understanding of its
3253:
2755:
2411:
1894:..." This translation suggests that earth, in some way, already existed when God began his creative activity.
1578:(account of God's origins), and there is no trace of the resistance to the reduction of chaos to order (Greek:
1485:
1148:
1104:") creates the heavens and the Earth in six days, then rests on, blesses, and sanctifies the seventh (i.e. the
422:
2576:) is first used. They are of higher status than all that has been created before this, and they receive God's
1740:
11543:
11446:
10506:
10371:
8055:
Ryken, Leland; Wilhoit, Jim; Longman, Tremper; Duriez, Colin; Penney, Douglas; Reid, Daniel G., eds. (1998).
3497:
1156:
549:
6838:
3528:, the literary "type" to which it belongs (e.g., creation myth, historical saga, or scientific cosmology).
12521:
12511:
11135:
9992:
3871:
1323:
and biblical scholars call the Pentateuch), is "a composite work, the product of many hands and periods."
1273:, references verses 3 and 9 as exemplary of "sublime" style. The exalted tone of the passage, in an almost
1038:
906:
9422:
9243:
8495:"Creation Out of Conflict? The Chaoskampf Motif in the Old Testament: Cosmic Dualism or creatio ex nihilo"
6945:"Because it Had Rained: A Study of Genesis 2:5–7 With Implications for Genesis 2:4–25 and Genesis 1:1–2:3"
2324:, this similarity is "wholly superficial" because in other ancient narratives creation by speech involves
12516:
12456:
12120:
11559:
11073:
10130:
8307:
The Ugaritic Baal Cycle: Volume II. Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU/CAT 1.3–1.4
2838:") were not "very good". He thus hypothesized that the Priestly source set up this dichotomy to mitigate
2172:
2096:
1898:
1703:) has become central today to Islam, Christianity, and Judaism – indeed, the medieval Jewish philosopher
1358:
972:
741:
588:
8740:
Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible
3911:
3385:
I give you every seed bearing plant... and every tree that has fruit with seed in it... for food (1:29).
3356:
Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters (1:6).
445:
12418:
12101:
12070:
11960:
11718:
11654:
10834:
9980:
8775:
8654:
2889:
made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested on the seventh day; wherefore the L
2535:
1409:
1011:
33:
11175:
8517:
8097:. The Heritage of Biblical Israel. Vol. 1. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
2092:
2079:
of God moved upon the face of the waters." There are several options for translating the Hebrew word
1464:
while the second (the Jahwist story) focuses on man as moral agent and cultivator of his environment.
12546:
12506:
12334:
11830:
11686:
11480:
11247:
11063:
10595:
10242:
7281:
7085:
3439:
3088:
1865:
1021:
1016:
668:
6986:
3197:, Eve). This means "living" in Hebrew, from a root that can also mean "snake". Assyriologist
2503:) set in the firmament. This is the same word used elsewhere in the Pentateuch for the lampstand or
1625:
76:
12541:
11702:
11678:
10931:
10792:
10364:
10345:
10278:
8407:
Narratives here are considered to be part of human mental activity and give meaning to experiences.
7388:
The Metaphysics of Light in the Hexaemeral Literature: From Philo of Alexandria to Gregory of Nyssa
6978:
6968:
6949:
3619:
3476:
interpretations of the Genesis narratives, which are advocated by some conservative Christians and
3162:; now the man's naming of the animals (and of Woman) illustrates Adam's authority within creation.
2935:
2804:
2701:). The earth "brings forth" animals in the same way that it brought forth vegetation on day three.
1669:
penetrated all things and gave them unity. Christianity in turn adopted these ideas and identified
1614:
1605:
1435:
1006:
613:
434:
392:
236:
11460:
2128:
may therefore mean "great wind". The connection between wind and watery chaos is also seen in the
12531:
12296:
12286:
12215:
11191:
11159:
11118:
11037:
10926:
10787:
10450:
10179:
10159:
10021:
9996:
6394:
3679:
3424:
3235:
2812:
2617:
2437:
2129:
1396:
828:
805:
638:
623:
573:
408:
208:
196:
177:
11630:
9148:
9022:
3247:
The Genesis creation narrative inspired a genre of Jewish and Christian literature known as the
3016:
with all creatures, but the text describes this life-giving act by God only in relation to man.
2717:
2592:
12182:
12075:
12065:
11998:
11816:
11766:
11662:
11375:
11108:
10517:
10444:
10125:
9896:
6915:
6541:
3709:
3704:
3694:
2712:..." This has given rise to several theories, of which the two most important are that "us" is
1498:
1294:
1144:
1143:) into a work much alike to Genesis as known today. The authors of the text were influenced by
1089:
identify the account as a composite work made up of two stories drawn from different sources.
996:
789:
734:
697:
689:
633:
603:
440:
413:
141:
8712:
8494:
8305:
7715:
2307:. While some Egyptian accounts have a god creating the world by sneezing or masturbating, the
796:
12501:
12346:
12281:
11991:
11885:
11869:
11151:
11088:
11058:
10970:
10827:
10431:
10164:
7950:
Propp, W.H. (1990). "Eden Sketches". In Propp, W.H.; Halpern, Baruch; Freedman, D.N. (eds.).
3435:
1666:
1490:
1413:
941:
813:
628:
618:
517:
8014:
7098:
6777:
6754:
2120:
can sometimes function as a superlative adjective (such as "mighty" or "great"). The phrase
12556:
12536:
12405:
12328:
11967:
11758:
11646:
11638:
11591:
11487:
11368:
11113:
10782:
10627:
10338:
8866:
8286:
The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel's Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts
6735:
3634:
3248:
2325:
1902:
1674:
1519:
781:
765:
568:
554:
469:
376:
303:
2346:
1582:, lit. "God-fighting"), all of which mark the Mesopotamian creation accounts. The gods in
1505:, establishing a monotheistic creation in opposition to the polytheistic creation myth of
1338:
minority of scholars believe that the first eleven chapters of Genesis, also known as the
8:
12444:
12387:
12372:
12362:
12271:
12060:
12005:
11263:
11098:
10635:
10567:
10474:
10327:
10169:
10111:
3714:
3654:
3639:
3596:
3505:
3473:
3286:
2859:
2839:
1922:
argue that Genesis 1:1 describes the creation of an ordered universe out of preexisting,
1833:
1791:
1774:
1354:
1151:, and borrowed several themes from them, adapting and integrating them with their unique
967:
877:
818:
598:
593:
578:
559:
494:
489:
282:
8329:. In Burrell, David B.; Cogliati, Carlo; Soskice, Janet M.; Stoeger, William R. (eds.).
7434:
12367:
12291:
12266:
12172:
12157:
12086:
11984:
11929:
11837:
11750:
11498:
11425:
11298:
11183:
11143:
10523:
10257:
10014:
9355:
9054:
8953:
8398:
7681:
7451:
7235:
3719:
3649:
3644:
3554:
cautions against one such misreading: the "woodenly literal" approach, which leads to "
3532:
3482:
3431:
3420:
3262:
3198:
2980:
2539:
2512:
1690:
1319:
conclude that it, together with the following four books (making up what Jews call the
1316:
1086:
988:
911:
847:
702:
684:
643:
459:
278:
172:
162:
10760:
9825:
9815:
6458:"Is Genesis poetry/figurative, a theological argument (polemic) and thus not history?"
3462:
supports a schematic interpretation of Genesis 1 as described in the following quote.
2560:
On day five, God creates animals of the sea and air. In Genesis 1:20, the Hebrew term
12261:
12235:
12037:
11924:
11520:
11513:
11493:
11453:
11383:
11199:
11022:
10992:
10980:
10766:
10573:
10551:
10192:
9841:
9838:
9737:
9702:
9667:
9663:
Creation And Destruction: A Reappraisal of the Chaoskampf Theory in the Old Testament
9646:
9627:
9596:
9560:
9527:
9494:
9461:
9428:
9407:
9374:
9320:
9285:
9249:
9213:
9154:
9121:
9085:
9064:
9028:
8995:
8926:
8893:
8870:
8838:
8800:
8744:
8720:
8697:
8673:
8624:
8591:
8558:
8523:
8502:
8476:
8453:
8420:
8402:
8390:
8334:
8311:
8290:
8254:
8147:
8124:
8098:
8064:
8041:
8020:
7991:
7957:
7924:
7889:
7854:
7801:
7780:
7756:
7721:
7700:
7650:
7617:
7596:
7589:
7561:
7526:
7493:
7470:
7425:
7402:
7360:
7327:
7306:
7298:
7254:
7192:
7169:
7145:
7127:
7104:
7067:
7048:
7027:
6994:
6931:
6921:
6884:
6863:
6785:
6762:
6739:
6708:
6678:
6666:
6652:
6627:
6605:
6565:
6545:
6535:
6520:
6498:
6477:
6442:
6421:
6400:
6376:
6355:
6329:
6305:
3689:
3258:
3084:
3060:
3048:
3040:
2931:
2308:
2303:
Creation by speech is not found in Mesopotamian mythology, but it is present in some
1985:
by itself means "emptiness, futility". It is used to describe the desert wilderness.
1948:
1923:
1871:
1563:
535:
474:
241:
11391:
3227:
2631:
are simply creatures created by God. The Genesis account, therefore, is an explicit
1677:: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God" (
12251:
12080:
11535:
11349:
11341:
11282:
11223:
11215:
10641:
10563:
10535:
10511:
10403:
10322:
10198:
9955:
9935:
9809:
9806:
9803:
9275:
9239:
9111:
8862:
8469:
8382:
7421:
7323:
Gender, Power, and Persuasion: The Genesis Narratives and Contemporary Perspectives
7227:
6855:
6731:
6648:
6343:
3669:
3664:
3555:
3540:
3513:
3501:
2864:
2586:
2478:
2459:
2043:
1764:
1736:
1654:
1494:
1339:
1307:
Although Orthodox Jews and "fundamentalist Christians" attribute the authorship of
1179:
1105:
886:
386:
364:
293:
213:
167:
8590:. New International Commentary on the Old Testament. Westminster John Knox Press.
7829:"A Critique of the Framework Interpretation of the Creation Account (Part 1 of 2)"
6847:
6624:
The Old Testament: A Historical and Literary Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures
3012:), a word meaning "life", "vitality", "the living personality"; man shares
1385:"), whereas in the second story, he is referred to with a composite divine name; "
12276:
12256:
12192:
11903:
11877:
11435:
11239:
11093:
11002:
10975:
10868:
10718:
10491:
10391:
10174:
10037:
9917:
9832:
9822:
9797:
9787:
9401:
9207:
9115:
9058:
8856:
8738:
8691:
8618:
8585:
8447:
8284:
8035:
8003:
7951:
7774:
7770:
7749:
7520:
7396:
7321:
7163:
7159:
7021:
6702:
6670:
6642:
6597:
6492:
6436:
6370:
6323:
6299:
3970:
3575:
3270:
3266:
3127:, which appears to be an exercise of authority and the dominion given to Adam in
3100:
3072:
2818:
Upon completion, God sees that "every thing that He had made ... was very good" (
2713:
2531:
1911:
1743:. These passages describe how God defeated the forces of chaos. These forces are
1443:
1327:
1308:
1236:
1140:
1108:). The second account, which takes up the rest of Genesis 2, is largely from the
1093:
1082:
857:
838:
823:
2744:
Being God's counterpart on Earth and able to enter into a relationship with him;
2112:
as "wind". For example, the NRSV renders it "wind from God". Likewise, the word
2006:
1689:), a solid bowl, was necessary to keep them from flooding the world. During the
12480:
12230:
11774:
11606:
11585:
11551:
11407:
11333:
11325:
11290:
11012:
10960:
10480:
10106:
9976:"Charles Lee Irons on the Framework Interpretation of Creation Days in Genesis"
8734:
8687:
8090:
7828:
6675:
Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic: Essays in the History of the Religion of Israel
6619:
3893:
3807:
3724:
3571:
3547:
3525:
3447:
3428:
3025:
2927:
2917:
2721:
2504:
2179:
1919:
1915:
1610:
1502:
1424:
1265:
1187:
1121:
608:
484:
298:
89:
60:
9974:
9790:
9780:
8386:
6755:"The Meaning and Background of the Priestly Creation Story (Genesis 1.1-2.4a)"
5563:
5540:
5457:
2850:
2819:
1886:). The Hebrew, however, is ambiguous and can be translated in other ways. The
12490:
12225:
12210:
12162:
11527:
11440:
11430:
11399:
11083:
11068:
11017:
10997:
10894:
10545:
10461:
10438:
9624:
The History of Science and Religion in the Western Tradition: An Encyclopedia
9586:
8852:
8826:
8394:
8280:
7676:
Lambert, W. G. (1965). "A New Look at the Babylonian Background of Genesis".
6935:
6799:
Deretic, Irina (2020). "Why are myths true: Plato on the veracity of myths".
6512:
6375:. Encountering Biblical Studies. Grand Rapids, Michigan, US: Baker Academic.
5730:
5410:
5315:
5217:
4888:
3948:
3674:
3459:
3443:
3104:
2909:
2901:
2260:
1907:
1829:
1796:
1732:
1658:
1629:
1481:
1442:
God made the earth and the heavens". This verse is one of ten "generations" (
1135:
is thought to have been composed in the late 7th or the 6th century BCE (the
1070:
901:
132:
127:
9890:
8362:
7613:
Between Heaven and Earth: Divine Presence and Absence in the Book of Ezekiel
2651:
12468:
12432:
12377:
12200:
12093:
12019:
11935:
11255:
11231:
11103:
10955:
10850:
10659:
10468:
10418:
10332:
10294:
10271:
10264:
10249:
9734:
The Seventy Faces of Torah: The Jewish way of Reading the Sacred Scriptures
8665:
7987:
7554:"The Story of Paradise in the Light of Mesopotamian Culture and Literature"
6494:
Creation, Un-Creation, Re-Creation: A Discursive Commentary on Genesis 1–11
6319:
6295:
3592:
3551:
3509:
3477:
3451:
3359:
Let the water teem with creatures and let birds fly above the earth (1:20).
3035:
2922:
2828:
2823:
2728:
2596:
2162:
1968:
1760:
1748:
1646:
1567:
1343:
1202:
or story, an account of a series of related events or experiences, whether
1078:
896:
724:
340:
335:
324:
146:
101:
49:
9622:
Stenhouse, John (2000). "Genesis and Science". In Gary B. Ferngren (ed.).
9523:
A Walk in the Garden: Biblical, Iconographical and Literary Images of Eden
7646:
Eve and Adam: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Readings on Genesis and Gender
6396:
Westminster Dictionary of the New Testament and Early Christian Literature
3304:
3119:
After God's observation that it is "not good that man should be alone" in
12167:
12143:
12055:
11908:
11078:
10950:
10617:
10612:
10607:
10602:
10590:
10456:
10425:
10151:
10119:
10082:
10072:
10067:
10062:
10057:
10052:
9968:
9923:
British Museum: Cuneiform tablet from Sippar with the story of Atra-Hasis
8991:
Beginnings: Ancient Christian Readings of the Biblical Creation Narrative
8112:
7643:
Kvam, Kristen E.; Schearing, Linda S.; Ziegler, Valarie H., eds. (1999).
6469:
4071:
4069:
3952:
3831:
3699:
3579:
3563:
3274:
2777:
When in Genesis 1:26 God says "Let us make man", the Hebrew word used is
2520:
2516:
2430:
The waters above are the source of precipitation, so the function of the
2321:
2297:
2279:
1861:
1841:
1744:
1634:
1514:
1203:
773:
9910:
9592:
The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel
8095:
Understanding Genesis: Through Rabbinic Tradition and Modern Scholarship
7685:
7239:
3177:), "Woman", with an explanation that this is because she was taken from
1935:, a word used only for God's creative activity; people do not engage in
1497:. Both sources behind the Genesis creation narrative were influenced by
1472:
1434:
The primary accounts in each chapter are joined by a literary bridge at
10677:
10647:
6390:
6176:
3614:
3559:
3455:
3034:": the first man is to work in God's miraculously fertile garden. The "
2808:
2508:
2420:
2415:
1999:("to be empty"), and was apparently coined to rhyme with and reinforce
1825:
1704:
1621:
1548:
1476:
Marduk, god of Babylon, destroying Tiamat, the dragon of primeval chaos
1278:
1270:
1183:
1164:
1160:
1152:
1132:
663:
313:
111:
6692:
Daryl Charles, J. (2013). "Introduction". In Daryl Charles, J. (ed.).
6417:
The Composition of the Pentateuch: Renewing the Documentary Hypothesis
4066:
1092:
The first account, in Genesis 1:1–2:3, is from what scholars call the
41:
11473:
11467:
10226:
8786:. Exploring the Bible Series. Vol. 1. IVP Academic. p. 223.
8719:. IVP Bible Dictionary Series. InterVarsity Press. pp. 155–168.
8449:
These Are the Generations: Identity, Covenant and the Toledot Formula
7231:
6801:
Philosophy and Conflict Studies (2020): vol. 36, issue 3, pp. 441–451
6590:
Genesis 1—4 : a linguistic, literary, and theological commentary
3684:
3567:
3544:
3209:, "the Lady of the rib"; this became "the Lady who makes live" via a
3064:
3047:
The mythic Eden and its rivers may represent the real Jerusalem, the
3031:
2945:
that constitutes the second narrative is generally taken to begin at
2826:, this implies that the materials that existed before the Creation ("
2612:
2608:
2600:
2361:
1756:
1752:
1699:
1686:
1587:
1579:
1535:
1244:
1226:
1199:
7301:(2000). "The Framework Interpretation". In Hagopian, David G (ed.).
6914:. In Skolnik, Fred; Berenbaum, Michael; Thomson Gale (Firm) (eds.).
6456:
Batten, Don; Catchpoole, David; Sarfati, Jonathan D; Wieland, Carl.
3261:, and many other works went on to be written from authors including
2735:
Having the spiritual qualities of God such as intellect, will, etc.;
1824:
The cosmos created in Genesis 1 bears a striking resemblance to the
1263:, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth" in verse 24. In fact,
12382:
11207:
11027:
10985:
10695:
10683:
9800:(Hebrew–English text, translated according to the JPS 1917 Edition)
9553:
Schwartz, Howard; Loebel-Fried, Caren; Ginsburg, Elliot K. (2007).
8497:. In Macaskill, Grant; M. Maier, Christl; Schaper, Joachim (eds.).
6372:
Encountering the Book of Genesis: A Study of Its Content and Issues
3159:
2990:, "created"; in Genesis 2 the word used when he creates the man is
2950:
2942:
2785:, "the man", but as Genesis 1:27 shows ("So God created man in his
2604:
2577:
1770:
1678:
1620:
Genesis 2 has close parallels with a second Mesopotamian myth, the
1575:
1350:
1277:
manner, prompts the reader to contemplate the goodness, power, and
1222:
318:
10356:
9117:
Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, the Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others
8795:. In Dunn, James Douglas Grant; Rogerson, J. John William (eds.).
3960:, pp. 62–64). Even the order and method of creation differs (
3864:
Did Genesis Borrow the Creation and Flood from Mesopotamian Myths?
2356:
Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, a second day.
2132:, where God uses wind to make the waters subside in Genesis 8:1.
1645:
Genesis 1–2 reflects ancient ideas about science: in the words of
12439:
10728:
10723:
10671:
10665:
10653:
10500:
7995:
7800:(English trans. of 1994 ed.). T&T Clarke International.
7123:
5462:
3830:
The series of five books which begins with Genesis and ends with
3068:
3004:
2748:
2683:). They are divided into three categories: domesticated animals (
2632:
2100:
1961:
Most interpreters consider the phrase "heaven and earth" to be a
1810:
1544:
1331:
1274:
1207:
1136:
1109:
1074:
530:
330:
116:
9904:
9897:
ETCSL – Text and translation of the Eridu Genesis
9693:
Walton, John H.; Matthews, Victor H.; Chavalas, Mark W. (2000).
8214:"The Geographical Meaning of 'Earth' and 'Seas' in Genesis 1:10"
5356:
3055:, the mountain of God, which was also Jerusalem; while the real
2962:
2427:. The earth is supported by pillars sunk into the waters below.
1431:, the first woman, is created from Adam's rib as his companion.
1128:, the first woman, is created from Adam's rib as his companion.
12451:
11032:
11007:
10911:
10819:
10701:
10689:
10211:
10101:
9360:
History Begins at Sumer: Thirty-Nine Firsts in Recorded History
5752:
5750:
3999:
3206:
3108:
3051:
and the Promised Land. Eden may represent the divine garden on
2538:
were organised around the cycles of both the sun and moon in a
2275:
2067:
2063:
1992:
1991:
has no known meaning, although it appears to be related to the
1962:
1837:
1650:
1591:
1590:, they have limited powers, and they create humans to be their
1531:
1527:
1461:
1378:
1260:
1211:
1113:
1097:
525:
308:
12112:
9967:(describing the framework view and its general agreement with
9645:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Westminster Press. p. 135.
6438:
Reading the Old Testament: An Introduction to the Hebrew Bible
5055:
4985:
4983:
4981:
2791:
God blesses humanity, commanding them to reproduce, "subdue" (
1334:
source (J), commonly dated to the 10th or 9th centuries BCE.
10541:
10529:
10216:
9421:
Louth, Andrew (2001). "Introduction". In Andrew Louth (ed.).
8834:
7556:. In Dell, Katherine J; Davies, Graham; Koh, Yee Von (eds.).
6993:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
6350:. In O'Connor, Michael Patrick; Freedman, David Noel (eds.).
6224:
5199:
4105:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4005:
3609:
3056:
2834:
2524:
2424:
2255:
Time sequence: "And there was evening, and there was morning"
2031:
1947:
does not necessarily refer to the creation of matter. In the
1721:
1670:
1662:
1540:
1320:
1312:
1240:
1218:
106:
68:
10006:
8954:"The Contemporary Relevance of Augustine's View of Creation"
6910:
Friedman, Richard Elliott; Dolansky Overton, Shawna (2007).
6188:
5971:
5969:
5894:
5747:
5604:
5297:
5151:
4621:
4597:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4039:
3427:. Some argue that it has a precedent in the writings of the
2497:). On the fourth day, God makes "lights" or "lamps" (Hebrew:
1175:
12220:
10921:
10904:
10899:
10873:
10299:
8855:(2001). "Genesis". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.).
6053:
5798:
5774:
5640:
5616:
4978:
4609:
4573:
3942:
3750:
3202:
3052:
2986:
In Genesis 1 the characteristic word for God's activity is
2761:
Moral excellence and the possibility of glorification (cf.
2731:". The meaning of this is unclear but suggestions include:
2312:
2142:
1887:
1728:
1552:
1523:
1512:
Genesis 1 bears striking similarities and differences with
1420:
1386:
1282:
Collins to classify its genre as "normal prose narrative".
1256:
1117:
8555:
The Hebrew Bible Today: An Introduction to Critical Issues
8227:. Westminster Theological Seminary: 231–55. Archived from
8192:. Westminster Theological Seminary: 227–40. Archived from
8005:
Is There a Conflict Between Genesis 1 and Natural Science?
6455:
6182:
5510:
5439:
5380:
4930:
4585:
4561:
4462:
4399:
4387:
4255:
4096:
3558:", but also to such "implausible interpretations" as the "
2296:
The process of creation illustrates God's sovereignty and
1501:, borrowing several themes from them but adapting them to
1239:
considers the genre of the first narrative to be "exalted
1217:
Scholarly writings frequently refer to Genesis as myth, a
1096:(P), largely dated to the 6th century BCE. In this story,
10878:
10304:
10221:
10097:
9905:
The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford
9626:. New York, London: Garland Publishing, Inc. p. 76.
8327:"Creatio ex nihilo: its Jewish and Christian foundations"
7303:
The Genesis Debate: Three Views on the "Days" of Creation
6782:
From Creation to Abraham: Further Studies in Genesis 1-11
6104:
5966:
5786:
5735:
5688:
5522:
5263:
5261:
5127:
5043:
4918:
4786:
4684:
4176:
3841:
3839:
3210:
3135:
1853:
1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
1715:
1428:
1382:
1377:
In the first story, the Creator deity is referred to as "
1252:
1125:
1101:
8587:
Prologue to History: The Yahwist As Historian in Genesis
6909:
6420:. Anchor Yale Reference Library. Yale University Press.
6236:
6140:
6128:
6077:
6065:
6017:
5810:
5486:
5427:
5344:
5163:
5067:
5033:
5031:
5029:
5016:
5014:
5012:
5010:
4515:
4513:
4339:
4315:
4231:
4086:
4084:
4075:
3813:
For an example of an apologetic view, see Wayne Jackson
3761:
Scholarly writings frequently refer to Genesis as myth (
3630:
Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament
3201:
connects Eve's creation to the ancient Sumerian myth of
3150:) – a term notably difficult to translate – to the man.
1493:
provides historical and cross-cultural perspectives for
9641:
Stagg, Evelyn and Frank (1978). "Genesis and Science".
8381:(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 123–140.
8123:. New York: New York University Press. pp. 49–82.
7356:
Creational Theology and the History of Physical Science
7189:
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Volume 4
6839:"Two (Contradictory?) Accounts of Creation in Genesis?"
6592:. Phillipsburg, New Jersey: P&R Publishing Company.
6260:
6212:
6116:
5954:
5942:
5918:
5906:
5846:
5834:
5822:
5762:
5664:
5652:
5592:
5580:
5415:
5234:
5175:
5139:
5115:
5103:
4662:
4660:
4633:
4486:
4428:
4426:
4147:
4145:
4120:
4118:
3154:
means "alongside, opposite, a counterpart to him", and
1951:, "to create" meant assigning roles and functions. The
9692:
8784:
Exploring the Old Testament: A Guide to the Pentateuch
6848:"The Book of Genesis: Summary, Authorship, and Dating"
6474:
God's book of works: the nature and theology of nature
6248:
6200:
6094:
6092:
6029:
5712:
5676:
5568:
5545:
5498:
5474:
5392:
5368:
5320:
5273:
5258:
4954:
4906:
4870:
4798:
4701:
4699:
4645:
4549:
4474:
4450:
4438:
4363:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4160:
3836:
1712:
had become a fundamental tenet of Christian theology.
12416:
11954:
Doraemon: Nobita's Diary on the Creation of the World
8715:. In Alexander, T. Desdmond; Baker, David W. (eds.).
8653:(4). Westminster Theological Seminary. Archived from
8553:. In McKenzie, Steven L.; Graham, M. Patrick (eds.).
7282:"The Framework Interpretation: An Exegetical Summary"
6581:
Genesis, with an Introduction to Narrative Literature
6041:
5993:
5882:
5246:
5222:
5187:
5026:
5007:
4822:
4747:
4723:
4510:
4375:
4351:
4327:
4303:
4195:
4130:
4081:
4056:
4054:
3111:, so in this case it would mean simply "everything".
3078:
2896:
2263:, "This is the craftsman's assessment of his own work
1303:
Textual variants in the Hebrew Bible § Genesis 2
1299:
Textual variants in the Hebrew Bible § Genesis 1
1251:, "the greater light" and "the lesser light" for the
1139:
source) and was later expanded by other authors (the
9490:
Twilight of the Gods: Polytheism in the Hebrew Bible
7884:. In Hoffman, Yair; Reventlow, Henning Graf (eds.).
7591:
The Sumerians: Their History, Culture, and Character
6272:
6005:
5981:
5930:
5870:
5858:
5700:
5628:
5332:
5285:
4995:
4894:
4834:
4672:
4657:
4498:
4423:
4142:
4115:
2282:", sang when the corner-stone of creation was laid.
2122:
2114:
1966:
1696:
The idea that God created the world out of nothing (
1451:
9078:Carr, David M. (2011). "The Garden of Eden Story".
8175:"The Firmament and the Water Above: The Meaning of
7984:
The Random House Dictionary of the English Language
7250:
The Meaning of Creation: Genesis and Modern Science
6989:. In Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (eds.).
6089:
5091:
4966:
4858:
4846:
4764:
4762:
4735:
4696:
4525:
4291:
4279:
4243:
4219:
4157:
3504:, Robert McCabe, and Ting Wang. Additionally, some
2845:
1781:
9699:The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament
9595:(2nd ed.). William B Eerdmans Publishing Co.
9284:(2nd Revised ed.). Chicago University Press.
8468:
8361:
7748:
7588:
6862:. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. pp. 407–8.
6164:
4942:
4810:
4774:
4411:
4267:
4207:
4051:
3496:Opponents of the framework interpretation include
7850:Reading the Pentateuch: A Historical Introduction
6604:(3rd ed.). Minneapolis, US: Fortress Press.
6517:In the Beginning: The Opening Chapters of Genesis
4537:
3873:Was Genesis Copied from Mesopotamian Flood Myths?
3289:of the first creation narrative (more precisely,
2754:Having dominion over Creation like the angels in
2152:
2052:are two further elements of chaos in addition to
1543:. The grateful gods build a temple for Marduk in
1423:, the first man, from dust and places him in the
1120:, the first man, from dust and places him in the
12488:
12013:Daesong Heavy Industries II: Return to Innocence
9317:The Aryeh Kaplan Reader: The Gift He Left Behind
9205:
8620:Style and Structure in Biblical Hebrew Narrative
6694:Reading Genesis 1-2: An Evangelical Conversation
6152:
5079:
4759:
3296:
3134:The first woman is created out of one of Adam's
2062:, the watery deep is personified as the goddess
1624:epic – parallels that in fact extend throughout
1555:builds himself a cosmic temple over seven days.
32:"Genesis 1" redirects here. For other uses, see
9893:Summary of Enuma Elish with links to full text.
8664:
7693:Leeming, David A. (2004). "Biblical creation".
6759:From Creation to Babel: Studies in Genesis 1-11
2921:divine worlds, probably on the far side of the
2615::9). In Egyptian and Mesopotamian mythologies (
2436:was to control or regulate the weather. In the
1847:
1427:. There he is given dominion over the animals.
1124:. There he is given dominion over the animals.
9552:
9281:The Gilgamesh Epic and Old Testament Parallels
7713:
7680:. Vol. 16, no. 2. pp. 287–300.
7226:(2). Society of Biblical Literature: 271–303.
6533:
4261:
4045:
3998:The word translated "God" in Genesis 1:1–2 is
3759:being used to mean "something that is false".
3214:
3114:
3019:
2659:after its kind; and God saw that it was good.
2635:against the mythologies of the ancient world.
1816:The use of numbers in ancient texts was often
1522:. The myth begins with two primeval entities:
1155:. The combined narrative is a critique of the
12128:
10835:
10372:
10022:
9928:
9769:
8289:(New ed.). Oxford University Press USA.
7714:Leeming, David A.; Leeming, Margaret (2004).
7415:
6691:
6618:
6441:. Wadsworth Publishing Company. p. 576.
6230:
5303:
4989:
4615:
4579:
4189:
4109:
3986:
3980:
3930:
3883:
3848:
3803:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3419:The framework interpretation is held by many
3381:Let the land produce living creatures (1:24).
2963:The origin of humanity and plant life (2:4–7)
2239:Each day follows a similar literary pattern:
1562:, creation consists of bringing order out of
1046:
742:
11307:The Creation of the World and Other Business
9891:"Enuma Elish", at Encyclopedia of the Orient
9403:Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia
9366:
9063:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 382.
8640:"The Literary Genre of Genesis, Chapter One"
7982:
7642:
7522:The Divine Symphony: The Bible's Many Voices
7142:Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Part 10
6920:. Vol. 15 (2nd ed.). p. 734.
6537:A Multicultural Dictionary of Literary Terms
5622:
4237:
4003:
3595:, summed up the same thought by writing, "A
3038:" is a motif from Mesopotamian myth: in the
2798:
2792:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2668:
2626:
2584:
2561:
2498:
2492:
2431:
2405:
2399:
2371:
2365:
2107:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2053:
2047:
2037:
2029:
2000:
1986:
1980:
1974:
1952:
1942:
1936:
1930:
9189:. Jewish Publication Society. p. 695.
9053:
8959:Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith
8861:. Oxford University Press. pp. 38–66.
8772:Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary
8717:Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch
8303:
8054:
7457:Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith
7182:
6534:Carey, Gary; Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (1999),
6490:
6059:
5205:
5157:
5133:
4717:
4567:
3816:Are There Two Creation Accounts in Genesis?
3280:
3030:The word "Eden" comes from a root meaning "
2893:blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it."
1869:
1864:is traditionally translated in English as "
1566:. Before creation, there was nothing but a
1131:The first major comprehensive draft of the
12323:Creation and evolution in public education
12135:
12121:
10842:
10828:
10379:
10365:
10150:
10029:
10015:
9486:
9313:"Hashem/Elokim: Mixing Mercy with Justice"
9248:(2nd ed.). Chicago University Press.
8994:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic.
8583:
8548:
8012:
7886:Creation in Jewish and Christian Tradition
7779:. How to Read Series. InterVarsity Press.
7296:
6778:"Genesis 1.1-5: The First Day of Creation"
6726:. In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.).
6110:
6083:
5792:
4627:
4468:
3772:
3519:
2689:), whild herd animals that serve as prey (
2542:that could have either 12 or 13 months.
2491:On the first day, God makes light (Hebrew:
2252:Evaluation: "And God saw that it was good"
1053:
1039:
922:Rejection of evolution by religious groups
749:
735:
9621:
9460:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
9319:. Mesorah Publication, Ltd. p. 224.
8987:
8412:
8001:
7846:
7649:. Indiana University Press. p. 515.
7469:. Hendrickson Publishers Marketing, LLC.
7452:"Space and Time in the Genesis Cosmogony"
7418:"Mesopotamian Mythology and Genesis 1–11"
6984:
6803:. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University.
6677:. Harvard University Press. p. 394.
6626:(4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
5975:
5900:
5756:
4591:
3414:
2106:Other interpreters argue for translating
1929:The word "created" translates the Hebrew
1574:, Genesis 1 is monotheistic. There is no
1467:
29:Creation myth of Judaism and Christianity
12341:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
9559:. Oxford University Press. p. 704.
9453:
9367:Kugler, Robert; Hartin, Patrick (2009).
9179:
9146:
9020:
8466:
8033:
8013:van Ruiten, Jacques T. A. G. M. (2000).
7746:
7675:
7416:Klamm, Kacie; Winitzer, Abraham (2023).
7394:
7139:
7096:
7044:Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus
6876:
6854:
6807:
6700:
6434:
6342:
6266:
6242:
6194:
6023:
5912:
5852:
5840:
5828:
5804:
5694:
5610:
5598:
5586:
5516:
5492:
5433:
5421:
5350:
5240:
5109:
4924:
4876:
4804:
4792:
4519:
4504:
4136:
4024:
3936:
3889:
3766:
3762:
3400:
3395:
3226:
2959:God made the earth and the heavens").
2900:
2849:
2642:
2472:
2345:
2278:, where God recalls how the stars, the "
2156:
1868:God created". This translation suggests
1785:
1471:
1288:
1174:
40:
11695:The Garden of Eden with the Fall of Man
9659:
9556:Tree of Souls: The Mythology of Judaism
9399:
9206:Graves, Robert; Patai, Raphael (1986).
8851:
8790:
8781:
8769:
8693:The NIV Application Commentary: Genesis
8492:
8372:
8359:
8324:
8137:
7914:
7769:
7696:The Oxford Companion to World Mythology
7692:
7040:
6798:
6596:
6587:
6511:
5960:
5948:
5780:
5718:
5670:
5504:
5398:
5279:
5073:
5037:
5020:
4960:
4936:
4912:
4729:
4690:
4651:
4531:
4456:
4444:
4393:
4381:
4369:
4357:
4345:
4333:
4321:
4297:
4285:
4249:
4201:
4124:
4090:
3974:
3378:Let the land produce vegetation (1:11).
3242:
2468:
14:
12489:
12206:Allegorical interpretations of Genesis
11845:Let's Give Adam and Eve Another Chance
11043:Allegorical interpretations of Genesis
10966:Tree of the knowledge of good and evil
9519:
9354:
9310:
9274:
9238:
9110:
8918:
8825:
8733:
8710:
8686:
8637:
8515:
8445:
8250:Introduction to Reading the Pentateuch
8211:
8172:
8121:Genesis: World of Myths and Patriarchs
7826:
7609:
7586:
7483:
7385:
7352:
7319:
7217:
7117:
7061:
6942:
6845:
6836:
6721:
6640:
6368:
6254:
6206:
6146:
6134:
6071:
6047:
6035:
5999:
5741:
5682:
5574:
5551:
5528:
5480:
5445:
5386:
5374:
5362:
5326:
5267:
5252:
5228:
5193:
5169:
5145:
5121:
5061:
5049:
5001:
4900:
4864:
4828:
4753:
4678:
4666:
4492:
4417:
4309:
4273:
4225:
4151:
4002:, and the word translated "Spirit" is
3907:
3900:
3797:
3791:
3730:Tree of the knowledge of good and evil
3625:Allegorical interpretations of Genesis
2638:
2549:
1716:Alternative biblical creation accounts
12116:
10823:
10477:and the origin of nations (10:1–11:9)
10360:
10010:
9940:, The American Scientific Affiliation
9884:
9727:
9640:
9585:
9493:. U.S.: Westminster/John Knox Press.
9420:
8951:
8616:
8279:
8111:
8089:
7953:The Hebrew Bible and its Interpreters
7949:
7551:
7518:
7464:
7449:
7432:
7279:
7246:
7158:
6880:Biblical Myth and Rabbinic Mythmaking
6665:
6578:
6468:
6413:
6318:
6294:
6278:
6170:
6122:
6098:
5987:
5936:
5924:
5888:
5876:
5864:
5816:
5768:
5706:
5658:
5646:
5634:
5468:
5338:
5291:
5181:
5097:
4972:
4852:
4840:
4816:
4603:
4555:
4543:
4480:
4432:
4213:
4170:
4060:
4011:
3845:Influence of Mesopotamian mythology:
3582:can be attributed to Genesis at all:
2716:, or that it reflects a setting in a
2443:
2341:
1836:and the focus of priestly worship of
1751:. These monsters are variously named
9945:
9345:
9081:An Introduction to the Old Testament
9077:
8883:
8867:10.1093/acref/9780198755005.001.0001
7879:
7084:Ham, Ken (2007). Batten, Don (ed.).
7019:
6824:from the original on 31 January 2016
6736:10.1093/acref/9780198755005.001.0001
6557:
6389:
6218:
6011:
4741:
4705:
4639:
4076:Friedman & Dolansky Overton 2007
3965:
3961:
3957:
3924:
2872:work which God in creating had made.
2285:
1198:Genesis is commonly approached as a
11506:Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan
10386:
9487:Penchansky, David (November 2005).
8304:Smith, Mark; Pitard, Wayne (2008).
8246:
7793:
7083:
7066:. Zondervan Academic. p. 408.
7064:Systematic Theology, Second Edition
6775:
6752:
6158:
5085:
4948:
4780:
4768:
4405:
3892:, pp. 57–58) notes that while
3742:
3578:, goes further in doubting whether
2803:) over it, in what is known as the
2087:
2038:
1975:
1447:
1419:In the second story Yahweh creates
24:
11711:Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden
10001:National Museum of Natural History
9937:The Logical Framework in Genesis 1
9526:. Sheffield Academic Press Press.
9193:from the original on 13 March 2020
9147:Friedman, Richard Elliott (2003).
8980:
7678:The Journal of Theological Studies
7187:. In Bromiley, Geoffrey W. (ed.).
7100:The Book of Genesis: Chapters 1–17
3222:
3079:God's covenant with Adam (2:15–17)
2897:Second narrative: Genesis 2:4–2:25
1269:, the classic 1st-century work on
25:
12573:
11852:Man Gave Names to All the Animals
11743:Expulsion from the Garden of Eden
11599:Expulsion from the Garden of Eden
11568:The Rise and Fall of Adam and Eve
11168:The Private Lives of Adam and Eve
9774:
9764:
9750:from the original on 8 March 2023
9715:from the original on 8 March 2023
9680:from the original on 8 March 2023
9609:from the original on 8 March 2023
9573:from the original on 8 March 2023
9540:from the original on 8 March 2023
9507:from the original on 8 March 2023
9474:from the original on 8 March 2023
9441:from the original on 8 March 2023
9387:from the original on 8 March 2023
9333:from the original on 8 March 2023
9298:from the original on 8 March 2023
9262:from the original on 8 March 2023
9226:from the original on 8 March 2023
9209:Hebrew Myths: The Book of Genesis
9167:from the original on 8 March 2023
9134:from the original on 8 March 2023
9098:from the original on 8 March 2023
9041:from the original on 8 March 2023
9008:from the original on 8 March 2023
8939:from the original on 8 March 2023
8906:from the original on 8 March 2023
8813:from the original on 8 March 2023
8757:from the original on 8 March 2023
8604:from the original on 8 March 2023
8571:from the original on 8 March 2023
8536:from the original on 8 March 2023
8433:from the original on 8 March 2023
8360:Speiser, Ephraim Avigdor (1964).
8347:from the original on 8 March 2023
8267:from the original on 8 March 2023
8160:from the original on 8 March 2023
8117:"The Mists of Time: Genesis I–II"
8077:from the original on 8 March 2023
7970:from the original on 8 March 2023
7937:from the original on 8 March 2023
7902:from the original on 8 March 2023
7867:from the original on 8 March 2023
7814:from the original on 8 March 2023
7734:from the original on 8 March 2023
7663:from the original on 8 March 2023
7630:from the original on 8 March 2023
7574:from the original on 8 March 2023
7539:from the original on 8 March 2023
7506:from the original on 8 March 2023
7373:from the original on 8 March 2023
7340:from the original on 8 March 2023
7267:from the original on 8 March 2023
7205:from the original on 8 March 2023
7007:from the original on 8 March 2023
6897:from the original on 8 March 2023
2073:Verse 2 concludes with, "And the
1832:, which was the prototype of the
1526:, the male freshwater deity, and
12474:
12462:
12450:
12438:
12426:
12401:
12400:
11791:The Serpent Chooses Adam and Eve
10849:
10081:
9986:
9942:(advocating the framework view).
9880:(New International Version (UK))
8797:Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible
7836:Detroit Baptist Seminary Journal
6991:Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible
6724:"Introduction to the Pentateuch"
6602:Introduction to the Hebrew Bible
6561:Reading the Fractures in Genesis
6497:. T&T Clarke International.
5724:
5557:
5534:
5451:
5404:
5309:
5211:
4017:
3912:omniscient third-person narrator
3205:, who was healed by the goddess
2846:Seventh day: divine rest (2:1–3)
2738:Having the physical form of God;
1782:First narrative: Genesis 1:1–2:3
1381:" (the Hebrew generic word for "
1372:chapters and verses of the Bible
780:
718:
75:
12142:
9457:Creation and the God of Abraham
9150:The Bible with Sources Revealed
8557:. Westminster John Knox Press.
8331:Creation and the God of Abraham
8221:Westminster Theological Journal
8186:Westminster Theological Journal
8034:Rogerson, John William (1991).
7595:. University of Chicago Press.
7439:Westminster Theological Journal
7433:Kline, Meredith G. (May 1958).
7353:Kaiser, Christopher B. (1997).
7253:. Westminster John Knox Press.
7086:"Did God really take six days?"
6957:Westminster Theological Journal
6564:. Westminster John Knox Press.
6399:. Westminster John Knox Press.
4882:
4711:
3992:
3917:
3824:
3107:" can also be interpreted as a
2704:In Genesis 1:26, God says "Let
2305:ancient Egyptian creation myths
1259:respectively in verse 16, and "
714:Outline of Bible-related topics
12318:Creation–evolution controversy
11623:The Garden of Earthly Delights
10558:Jacob wrestling with the angel
9736:. Paulist Press. p. 256.
9660:Tsumura, David Toshio (2005).
9027:. Jewish Publication Society.
8890:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
8493:Tsumura, David Toshio (2022).
8333:. Cambridge University Press.
8146:. Cambridge University Press.
8061:Dictionary of Biblical Imagery
7921:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
7717:A Dictionary of Creation Myths
7525:. Jewish Publication Society.
7490:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
7450:——— (1996).
7426:10.1093/obo/9780195393361-0321
7305:. Global Publishing Services.
7220:Journal of Biblical Literature
6973:Reformed Perspectives Magazine
6810:"The Multiple Truths of Myths"
6707:. Cambridge University Press.
6622:; Chapman, Cynthia R. (2018).
6476:. Edinburgh: T & T Clark.
6328:. W. W. Norton & Company.
3660:Creation–evolution controversy
3539:According to Biblical scholar
2747:Being God's representative or
2412:ancient near eastern cosmology
2161:The first day of creation, by
2153:Six days of Creation (1:3–2:3)
1486:Ancient near eastern cosmology
1365:
1170:
1149:ancient near eastern cosmology
1100:(the Hebrew generic word for "
423:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
13:
1:
11447:Book of the Penitence of Adam
10036:
9911:"Epic of Gilgamesh" (summary)
9871:(New American Standard Bible)
8668:; Fredricks, Cathi J (2001).
8499:Congress Volume Aberdeen 2019
8452:. T&T Clark (Continuum).
8016:Primaeval History Interpreted
7882:"Creation in Paul's Theology"
6583:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
6301:The Art of Biblical narrative
4033:
3297:Two triads and three kingdoms
3063:with its copper serpent (the
2005:. The phrase appears also in
1803:
1551:, in which the Canaanite god
1159:of creation: Genesis affirms
550:Historical-grammatical method
11810:Dese Bones G'wine Rise Again
9993:Human Timeline (Interactive)
9370:An Introduction to the Bible
8988:Bouteneff, Peter C. (2008).
8888:. In Watson E. Mills (ed.).
8516:Turner, Laurence A. (2009).
8144:Reading Genesis: Ten Methods
7919:. In Watson E. Mills (ed.).
7888:. Sheffield Academic Press.
7587:Kramer, Samuel Noah (1963).
7552:Kooij, Arie van der (2010).
7488:. In Watson E. Mills (ed.).
7041:Gmirkin, Russell E. (2006).
6943:Futato, Mark (Spring 1998).
6491:Blenkinsopp, Joseph (2011).
3306:
2360:On day two, God creates the
2243:Introduction: "And God said"
1848:Pre-creation (Genesis 1:1–2)
1640:
7:
11074:Adam in rabbinic literature
10750:Allegorical interpretations
10413:Genesis creation narratives
9643:Woman in the World of Jesus
9120:. Oxford University Press.
9057:(1982). "Genesis 1:1–2.4".
9021:Brettler, Mark Zvi (2005).
8925:. Oxford University Press.
8922:The Early History of Heaven
8892:. Mercer University Press.
8858:The Oxford Bible Commentary
8833:. Vol. 1 and 2. Waco,
8776:G. & C. Merriam Company
8522:. Sheffield Phoenix Press.
8446:Thomas, Matthew A. (2011).
7923:. Mercer University Press.
7915:Parrish, V. Steven (1990).
7847:McDermott, John J. (2002).
7755:. Oxford University Press.
7720:. Oxford University Press.
7699:. Oxford University Press.
7558:Genesis, Isaiah, and Psalms
7492:. Mercer University Press.
7465:Kline, Meredith G. (2016).
7435:"Because It Had Not Rained"
7280:Irons, Lee (January 2000).
7097:Hamilton, Victor P (1990).
7023:Coequal and Counterbalanced
6883:. Oxford University Press.
6814:Biblical Archaeology Review
6730:. Oxford University Press.
6464:. Creation Book Publishers.
6435:Bandstra, Barry L. (2008).
4004:
3987:Klamm & Winitzer (2023)
3854:For some evangelical views:
3849:Klamm & Winitzer (2023)
3602:
3339:Let there be lights (1:14).
3115:A suitable helper (2:18–25)
3020:The Garden of Eden (2:8–14)
2799:
2793:
2741:A combination of these two;
2697:
2691:
2685:
2669:
2648:The Creation of the Animals
2627:
2585:
2562:
2499:
2493:
2432:
2406:
2400:
2372:
2366:
2140:
2123:
2115:
2108:
2081:
2075:
2054:
2048:
2030:
2001:
1987:
1981:
1967:
1953:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1628:, from the Creation to the
1452:
973:Jainism and non-creationism
10:
12578:
12497:Genesis creation narrative
12178:Genesis creation narrative
12102:Ransom theory of atonement
12071:Adam and Eve cylinder seal
11655:Eve, the Serpent and Death
11544:Extracts from Adam's Diary
10865:Genesis creation narrative
10507:Abraham and Lot's conflict
9954:, Catholic, archived from
9948:"The Six Days of Creation"
9853:(Revised Standard Version)
9728:Wylen, Stephen M. (2005).
9400:Leeming, David A. (2010).
8919:Wright, J. Edward (2002).
8325:Soskice, Janet M. (2010).
8142:. In Ronald Hendel (ed.).
8119:. In Feyerick, Ada (ed.).
7484:Knight, Douglas A (1990).
7390:. Oxford University Press.
7292:(1). Upper register: 7–11.
7183:Hugenberger, G.P. (1988).
6877:Fishbane, Michael (2003).
6287:
5471:, p. 37 (footnote 5).
4262:Carey & Snodgrass 1999
4046:Leeming & Leeming 2004
3806:, p. 2-3) notes that
3376:Let dry land appear (1:9).
3368:
3348:
3328:
3023:
2536:three pilgrimage festivals
2099:, the third person of the
1958:one for most of history.
1479:
1292:
1067:Genesis creation narrative
545:Allegorical interpretation
34:Genesis 1 (disambiguation)
31:
12396:
12355:
12335:Kansas evolution hearings
12305:
12244:
12191:
12150:
12048:
12029:
11977:
11945:
11917:
11896:
11861:
11801:
11578:
11418:
11360:
11317:
11274:
11127:
11064:Adam and Eve in Mormonism
11051:
10943:
10887:
10857:
10801:
10775:
10737:
10711:
10626:
10583:
10490:
10402:
10315:
10287:
10235:
10141:
10090:
10079:
10045:
9406:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO.
9084:. John Wiley & Sons.
9060:Interpretation of Genesis
8617:Walsh, Jerome T. (2001).
8584:Van Seters, John (1992).
8549:Van Seters, John (1998).
8413:Stordalen, Terje (2000).
8387:10.1057/s41311-018-0171-z
7827:McCabe, Robert V (2005).
7467:Genesis: A New Commentary
7420:. Oxford Bibliographies.
7386:Katsos, Isidoros (2023).
7320:Jacobs, Mignon R (2007).
7168:. Yale University Press.
7165:Introduction to the Bible
7122:(12th ed.), Boston:
6985:Galambush, Julie (2000).
6808:Dolansky, Shawna (2016).
6784:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
6761:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
6701:Davidson, Robert (1973).
6696:. Hendrickson Publishers.
6588:Collins, C. John (2006).
6579:Coats, George W. (1983).
6352:Backgrounds for the Bible
5365:, pp. 228 & 235.
5304:Coogan & Chapman 2018
4990:Coogan & Chapman 2018
4616:Coogan & Chapman 2018
4580:Coogan & Chapman 2018
4190:Klamm & Winitzer 2023
4110:Coogan & Chapman 2018
3562:", the presumption of a "
3440:Herman Nicolaas Ridderbos
3336:Let there be light (1:3).
3317:
3307:
3194:
3182:
3170:
3143:
3009:
2995:
2972:
2020:was upon the face of the
1547:. This is similar to the
10793:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1007
10745:Framework interpretation
10346:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
10279:Be fruitful and multiply
10187:Framework interpretation
9929:Framework interpretation
9916:30 December 2005 at the
9862:(New Living Translation)
9770:Framework interpretation
9180:Ginzberg, Louis (1909).
8791:Wenham, Gordon (2003b).
8782:Wenham, Gordon (2003a).
8711:Walton, John H. (2003).
8467:Thompson, J. A. (1980).
8247:Ska, Jean-Louis (2006).
8212:Seeley, Paul H. (1997).
8173:Seeley, Paul H. (1991).
8002:Ridderbos, N.H. (1957).
7880:Nebe, Gottfried (2002).
7610:Kutsko, John F. (2000).
7144:. Kessinger Publishing.
7140:Hastings, James (2003).
7120:A Handbook to Literature
7118:Harmon, William (2012),
6641:Cotter, David W (2003).
6369:Arnold, Bill T. (1998).
6348:"On Reading Genesis 1–3"
3736:
3620:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
3425:progressive creationists
3281:Framework interpretation
2936:framework interpretation
2797:) the earth and "rule" (
2419:within the earth is the
2233:land animals and humans
2168:Heures de Louis de Laval
2009:where the prophet warns
1520:Babylonian creation myth
1225:consisting primarily of
1193:
435:Novum Testamentum Graece
237:Composition of the Torah
12297:Young Earth creationism
12287:Progressive creationism
12216:Genesis flood narrative
11727:The Koren Picture-Bible
11176:El pecado de Adán y Eva
11119:Our Lady of Endor Coven
10788:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 656
10451:Genesis flood narrative
10180:Progressive creationism
10160:Young Earth creationism
9796:13 January 2024 at the
9183:The Legends of the Jews
8952:Young, Davis A (1988).
8884:Wood, Ralpth C (1990).
8138:Seidman, Naomi (2010).
7395:Kissling, Paul (2004).
7297:———;
6728:Oxford Bible Commentary
6558:Carr, David M. (1996).
6542:McFarland & Company
6414:Baden, Joel S. (2012).
6325:The Five Books of Moses
5064:, p. 728, note 17.
4606:, pp. 33 & 35.
4568:Smith & Pitard 2008
4408:, pp. 169, 217–18.
3680:Genesis flood narrative
3520:Literal interpretations
3434:. Arie Noordzij of the
3383:Let us make man (1:26).
3236:Lucas Cranach the Elder
3215:
3160:authority over creation
2855:Seventh Day of Creation
2695:), and wild predators (
2618:Instruction of Merikare
2438:Genesis flood narrative
2249:Report: "And it was so"
2246:Command: "Let there be"
2130:Genesis flood narrative
1918:, Cynthia Chapman, and
1773:and Isaiah 51 recall a
1503:their belief in one God
1397:Richard Elliot Friedman
942:"Teach the Controversy"
907:Creationist cosmologies
12552:Mesopotamian mythology
12183:History of creationism
12076:Genealogies of Genesis
12066:Cave of the Patriarchs
11999:Simpsons Bible Stories
11109:Tree of Jiva and Atman
10755:Wife–sister narratives
10518:Covenant of the pieces
10445:Genealogies of Genesis
10253:(original translation)
9701:. InterVarsity Press.
9427:. InterVarsity Press.
9346:King, Leonard (2010).
9311:Kaplan, Aryeh (2002).
8696:. Zondervan Academic.
8638:Waltke, Bruce (1991).
8487:J.A Thompson Jeremiah.
8375:International Politics
8063:. InterVarsity Press.
7751:The Jewish study Bible
7519:Knohl, Israel (2003).
7247:Hyers, Conrad (1984).
7062:Grudem, Wayne (2020).
7020:Garr, John D. (2012).
6519:. InterVarsity Press.
3710:Sanamahi creation myth
3705:Religion and mythology
3695:List of creation myths
3589:
3506:systematic theologians
3469:
3421:theistic evolutionists
3415:Supporters and critics
3391:(Land animals/Humans)
3239:
2913:
2874:
2867:
2771:1 Corinthians 15:49–58
2665:
2654:
2558:
2489:
2482:
2452:
2358:
2351:
2339:
2294:
2183:
2028:translates the Hebrew
1870:
1860:The opening phrase of
1800:
1755:(Sea), Nahar (River),
1558:In both Genesis 1 and
1499:Mesopotamian mythology
1477:
1468:Mesopotamian influence
1295:Documentary hypothesis
1190:
1145:Mesopotamian mythology
698:Criticism of the Bible
441:Documentary hypothesis
53:
12562:Religious cosmologies
12527:Comparative mythology
12347:Teach the Controversy
12282:Old Earth creationism
11992:Probe 7, Over and Out
11886:Snakes for the Divine
11870:The Cainian Chronicle
11461:El amigo de Él y Ella
10971:Serpents in the Bible
10432:Serpents in the Bible
10265:According to its kind
10165:Old Earth creationism
9831:4 August 2011 at the
9821:6 August 2011 at the
9024:How To Read the Bible
7794:May, Gerhard (2004).
7092:. Answers in Genesis.
6917:Encyclopaedia Judaica
6846:Ehrman, Bart (2024).
6837:Ehrman, Bart (2021).
6722:Davies, G.I. (2001).
6462:Creation Answers Book
6393:(2003). "Cosmology".
5649:, pp. 18–19, 21.
3584:
3566:", and the denial of
3464:
3436:University of Utrecht
3230:
2904:
2869:
2853:
2656:
2646:
2553:
2484:
2476:
2447:
2353:
2349:
2330:
2289:
2160:
1941:. Walton argues that
1881:creation from nothing
1789:
1491:Comparative mythology
1475:
1289:Authorship and dating
1178:
1157:Mesopotamian theology
451:NT textual categories
44:
12457:Evolutionary biology
12406:Category:Creationism
12329:Edwards v. Aguillard
11946:Story within a story
11647:The Haywain Triptych
11639:The Creation of Adam
11592:Tapestry of Creation
11488:Life of Adam and Eve
11114:Tree of life (Quran)
10783:Papyrus Berlin 17213
10131:Christian conception
10112:Christian conception
9946:Akin, Jimmy (2003),
9844:(King James Version)
9835:(New American Bible)
9786:12 June 2010 at the
8623:. Liturgical Press.
7026:. Golden Key Press.
6856:Erickson, Millard J.
6344:Andersen, Francis I.
3876:, Answers in Genesis
3819:, Apologetics Press.
3635:Babylonian mythology
3454:. Old Testament and
3249:Hexameral literature
3243:Hexameral literature
3165:The woman is called
2469:Fourth day (1:14–19)
2016:Verse 2 continues, "
1903:David Toshio Tsumura
1763:(Arrogant One), and
398:Internal consistency
304:Samaritan Pentateuch
12522:Christian mythology
12512:Bereshit (parashah)
12388:Omphalos hypothesis
12373:Biblical literalism
12363:Anthropic principle
12272:Islamic creationism
12061:Generations of Adam
12006:In-A-Gadda-Da-Leela
11560:The Book of Genesis
11099:Mashya and Mashyana
10568:coat of many colors
10475:Generations of Noah
10447:(5:1–6:8, 11:10–26)
10170:Day-age creationism
9730:"Chapter 6 Midrash"
9356:Kramer, Samuel Noah
9055:Brueggemann, Walter
8886:"Genre, Concept of"
7776:How to Read Genesis
6671:"The Priestly Work"
6197:, pp. 407–408.
5448:, pp. 115–116.
5389:, pp. 112–113.
5052:, pp. 183–184.
4939:, pp. 102–103.
4396:, pp. 240–241.
3977:, pp. 229–231)
3870:Liz Abrams (2022),
3861:James M. Rochford,
3804:Daryl Charles (2013
3715:Sumerian literature
3655:Christian mythology
3640:Biblical chronology
3314:— Creation Kingdoms
2860:Nuremberg Chronicle
2840:the problem of evil
2639:Sixth day (1:24–31)
2550:Fifth day (1:20–23)
2192:
1834:Temple in Jerusalem
1792:The Ancient of Days
1727:The second is the "
1414:darkness from light
1408:The first account (
1355:conquest of Babylon
968:Creator in Buddhism
878:Omphalos hypothesis
232:New Testament canon
227:Old Testament canon
155:Chapters and verses
12517:Biblical cosmology
12368:Biblical inerrancy
12292:Theistic evolution
12267:Intelligent design
12173:Creationist museum
12158:Biblical cosmology
12087:Legend of the Rood
11930:Y-chromosomal Adam
11838:In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida
11831:The Garden of Eden
11751:The First Mourning
11499:Testimony of Truth
11426:Apocalypse of Adam
11299:The Tragedy of Man
11248:The Tragedy of Man
11184:La Biblia en pasta
11144:Good Morning, Eve!
10809:Textual variations
10524:Sodom and Gomorrah
10415:(1:1–2:3, 2:4–25)
10258:Let there be light
9885:Mesopotamian texts
9245:Babylonian Genesis
8743:. Baker Academic.
8234:on 16 October 2020
7326:. Baker Academic.
6964:(1). Gordon: 1–21.
6860:Christian theology
6776:Day, John (2021).
6753:Day, John (2014).
6667:Cross, Frank Moore
6620:Coogan, Michael D.
6231:Daryl Charles 2013
6221:, pp. 323–24.
5903:, pp. 307–10.
5819:, pp. 20, 22.
5807:, pp. 137–40.
5783:, p. 41, 109.
5759:, pp. 473–74.
5744:, pp. 157–58.
5613:, p. 133-134.
5531:, pp. 158–59.
4693:, pp. 183–84.
4642:, p. 242–248.
4630:, pp. 122–24.
4014:, pp. 37–38).
3769:, pp. 57–58)
3720:Theistic evolution
3650:Biblical criticism
3645:Biblical cosmology
3533:biblical criticism
3483:general revelation
3432:Augustine of Hippo
3263:Augustine of Hippo
3240:
3199:Samuel Noah Kramer
2981:King James Version
2914:
2868:
2655:
2540:lunisolar calendar
2483:
2444:Third day (1:9–13)
2370:), which is named
2352:
2342:Second day (1:6–8)
2213:sea and firmament
2190:
2184:
1897:Biblical scholars
1801:
1691:Hellenistic period
1478:
1317:biblical criticism
1191:
1087:biblical criticism
989:Theistic evolution
912:Intelligent design
863:creation narrative
848:Biblical cosmology
703:Biblical authority
584:Capital punishment
460:Biblical criticism
429:Rahlfs' Septuagint
133:New Testament (NT)
128:Old Testament (OT)
54:
12414:
12413:
12262:Hindu creationism
12236:Ussher chronology
12110:
12109:
12038:Demon: The Fallen
11925:Mitochondrial Eve
11615:The Last Judgment
11521:Adam lay ybounden
11514:Old Saxon Genesis
11494:Testament of Adam
11481:Harrowing of Hell
11454:Cave of Treasures
11200:Second Time Lucky
11059:Adam–God doctrine
11023:Seed of the woman
10993:Figs in the Bible
10817:
10816:
10767:Pesher on Genesis
10574:Blessing of Jacob
10354:
10353:
10328:Parashat Bereshit
10207:
10206:
10193:Creatio ex nihilo
10126:Jewish conception
10107:Jewish conception
9708:978-0-8308-1419-0
9673:978-1-57506-106-1
9566:978-0-19-535870-4
9533:978-0-567-02447-3
9467:978-1-139-49078-8
9434:978-0-8308-1471-8
9413:978-1-59884-174-9
9380:978-0-8028-4636-5
9276:Heidel, Alexander
9240:Heidel, Alexander
9219:978-0-7953-3715-4
9160:978-0-06-195129-9
9153:. HarperCollins.
9127:978-0-19-283589-5
9112:Dalley, Stephanie
9091:978-1-4443-5623-6
9070:978-0-8042-3101-5
9034:978-0-8276-1001-9
9001:978-0-8010-3233-2
8932:978-0-19-534849-1
8899:978-0-86554-373-7
8827:Wenham, Gordon J.
8806:978-0-8028-3711-0
8726:978-0-8308-1781-8
8679:978-0-310-22458-7
8660:on 29 April 2014.
8630:978-0-8146-5897-0
8564:978-0-664-25652-4
8529:978-1-906055-65-3
8508:978-90-04-51510-9
8459:978-0-567-48764-3
8426:978-90-429-0854-3
8340:978-1-139-49078-8
8317:978-90-474-4232-5
8260:978-1-57506-122-1
8179:in Genesis 1:6–8"
8153:978-0-521-51861-1
8070:978-0-8308-6733-2
8047:978-0-567-08338-8
8040:. T&T Clark.
7963:978-0-931464-52-2
7930:978-0-86554-373-7
7895:978-0-567-57393-3
7860:978-0-8091-4082-4
7853:. Paulist Press.
7807:978-0-567-08356-2
7797:Creatio Ex Nihilo
7762:978-0-19-529751-5
7727:978-0-19-510275-8
7706:978-0-19-515669-0
7623:978-1-57506-041-5
7567:978-90-04-18231-8
7532:978-0-8276-1018-7
7499:978-0-86554-373-7
7476:978-1-619-70852-5
7408:978-0-89900-875-2
7401:. College Press.
7398:Genesis, Volume 1
7333:978-0-8010-2706-2
7312:978-0-9702245-0-7
7299:Kline, Meredith G
7260:978-0-8042-0125-4
7198:978-0-8028-3784-4
7151:978-0-7661-3682-3
7133:978-0-205-02401-8
7073:978-0-310-51797-9
7000:978-9-0535-6503-2
6791:978-0-567-70311-8
6768:978-0-567-37030-3
6745:978-0-19-927718-6
6714:978-0-521-09760-4
6658:978-0-8146-5040-0
6611:978-1-5064-4598-4
6526:978-0-87784-325-2
6504:978-0-567-37287-1
6448:978-0-495-39105-0
6406:978-0-664-21917-8
6361:978-0-931464-30-0
6311:978-0-465-00427-0
6149:, pp. 39–40.
6137:, pp. 19–67.
6125:, pp. 42–45.
5927:, pp. 19–20.
5771:, pp. 17–18.
5661:, pp. 13–14.
5541:Genesis 1:20–1:23
5519:, pp. 41–42.
5458:Genesis 1:14–1:19
5208:, pp. 21–22.
5184:, pp. 38–39.
5172:, pp. 74–75.
5160:, pp. 33–34.
5148:, pp. 76–77.
5124:, pp. 73–74.
5076:, pp. 42–43.
4927:, pp. 38–39.
4795:, pp. 34–35.
4594:, pp. 25–27.
4495:, pp. 27–28.
4483:, pp. 301ff.
4348:, pp. 78–79.
4324:, pp. 43–44.
4238:Random House 1979
3867:, Evidence Unseen
3690:Islamic mythology
3591:Another scholar,
3408:
3407:
3396:The Creator King
3373:(Land/Vegetation)
3259:Basil of Caesarea
3085:Covenant of Works
3061:Temple of Solomon
3041:Epic of Gilgamesh
2932:covenant theology
2930:, who represents
2916:Genesis 2–3, the
2414:, the earth is a
2309:Memphite Theology
2286:First day (1:3–5)
2237:
2236:
2205:celestial bodies
2191:Days of Creation
1949:ancient Near East
1906:scholars such as
1872:creatio ex nihilo
1657:, concluded that
1153:belief in one God
1063:
1062:
1030:
1029:
759:
758:
574:Conspiracy theory
503:
502:
242:Mosaic authorship
18:Genesis 2 (Bible)
16:(Redirected from
12569:
12547:Jewish mythology
12507:Primeval history
12479:
12478:
12477:
12467:
12466:
12465:
12455:
12454:
12443:
12442:
12431:
12430:
12429:
12422:
12404:
12403:
12252:Creation science
12137:
12130:
12123:
12114:
12113:
12081:Carnal knowledge
11985:"Adam & Eve"
11719:The Four Seasons
11658:(1510s or 1520s)
11536:Le Dernier Homme
11523:" (15th century)
11350:Children of Eden
11342:Up from Paradise
11192:The Annunciation
11160:The Original Sin
10944:Related theology
10844:
10837:
10830:
10821:
10820:
10596:In the beginning
10536:Binding of Isaac
10512:Battle of Siddim
10404:Primeval history
10381:
10374:
10367:
10358:
10357:
10323:Primeval history
10243:In the beginning
10199:Special creation
10148:
10147:
10085:
10031:
10024:
10017:
10008:
10007:
9977:
9966:
9965:
9963:
9958:on 27 April 2007
9941:
9759:
9757:
9755:
9724:
9722:
9720:
9689:
9687:
9685:
9656:
9637:
9618:
9616:
9614:
9589:(October 2002).
9582:
9580:
9578:
9549:
9547:
9545:
9516:
9514:
9512:
9483:
9481:
9479:
9450:
9448:
9446:
9417:
9396:
9394:
9392:
9363:
9351:
9342:
9340:
9338:
9307:
9305:
9303:
9271:
9269:
9267:
9235:
9233:
9231:
9212:. Random House.
9202:
9200:
9198:
9188:
9176:
9174:
9172:
9143:
9141:
9139:
9107:
9105:
9103:
9074:
9050:
9048:
9046:
9017:
9015:
9013:
8975:
8973:
8971:
8948:
8946:
8944:
8915:
8913:
8911:
8880:
8848:
8822:
8820:
8818:
8787:
8778:
8770:Webster (1984),
8766:
8764:
8762:
8730:
8707:
8683:
8661:
8659:
8644:
8634:
8613:
8611:
8609:
8580:
8578:
8576:
8551:"The Pentateuch"
8545:
8543:
8541:
8512:
8489:
8474:
8463:
8442:
8440:
8438:
8409:
8369:
8367:
8356:
8354:
8352:
8321:
8300:
8276:
8274:
8272:
8243:
8241:
8239:
8233:
8218:
8208:
8206:
8204:
8198:
8183:
8169:
8167:
8165:
8134:
8108:
8086:
8084:
8082:
8051:
8030:
8009:
7998:
7979:
7977:
7975:
7946:
7944:
7942:
7911:
7909:
7907:
7876:
7874:
7872:
7843:
7833:
7823:
7821:
7819:
7790:
7771:Longman, Tremper
7766:
7754:
7743:
7741:
7739:
7710:
7689:
7672:
7670:
7668:
7639:
7637:
7635:
7606:
7594:
7583:
7581:
7579:
7548:
7546:
7544:
7515:
7513:
7511:
7480:
7461:
7446:
7429:
7412:
7391:
7382:
7380:
7378:
7349:
7347:
7345:
7316:
7293:
7286:Ordained Servant
7276:
7274:
7272:
7243:
7232:10.2307/27638435
7214:
7212:
7210:
7179:
7160:Hayes, Christine
7155:
7136:
7114:
7093:
7080:
7058:
7037:
7016:
7014:
7012:
6976:
6965:
6953:
6939:
6906:
6904:
6902:
6873:
6851:
6842:
6833:
6831:
6829:
6804:
6795:
6772:
6749:
6718:
6697:
6688:
6662:
6649:Liturgical Press
6637:
6615:
6598:Collins, John J.
6593:
6584:
6575:
6554:
6530:
6508:
6487:
6465:
6452:
6431:
6410:
6386:
6365:
6339:
6315:
6282:
6276:
6270:
6264:
6258:
6252:
6246:
6240:
6234:
6228:
6222:
6216:
6210:
6204:
6198:
6192:
6186:
6180:
6174:
6168:
6162:
6156:
6150:
6144:
6138:
6132:
6126:
6120:
6114:
6108:
6102:
6096:
6087:
6081:
6075:
6074:, p. 15–16.
6069:
6063:
6060:Hugenberger 1988
6057:
6051:
6045:
6039:
6033:
6027:
6021:
6015:
6009:
6003:
5997:
5991:
5985:
5979:
5973:
5964:
5958:
5952:
5946:
5940:
5934:
5928:
5922:
5916:
5910:
5904:
5898:
5892:
5886:
5880:
5874:
5868:
5862:
5856:
5850:
5844:
5838:
5832:
5826:
5820:
5814:
5808:
5802:
5796:
5790:
5784:
5778:
5772:
5766:
5760:
5754:
5745:
5739:
5733:
5728:
5722:
5716:
5710:
5704:
5698:
5697:, pp. 19ff.
5692:
5686:
5680:
5674:
5668:
5662:
5656:
5650:
5644:
5638:
5632:
5626:
5623:Kvam et al. 1999
5620:
5614:
5608:
5602:
5596:
5590:
5584:
5578:
5572:
5566:
5561:
5555:
5549:
5543:
5538:
5532:
5526:
5520:
5514:
5508:
5502:
5496:
5490:
5484:
5478:
5472:
5466:
5460:
5455:
5449:
5443:
5437:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5413:
5411:Genesis 1:9–1:13
5408:
5402:
5396:
5390:
5384:
5378:
5372:
5366:
5360:
5354:
5348:
5342:
5336:
5330:
5324:
5318:
5313:
5307:
5301:
5295:
5289:
5283:
5277:
5271:
5265:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5215:
5209:
5206:Blenkinsopp 2011
5203:
5197:
5191:
5185:
5179:
5173:
5167:
5161:
5158:Blenkinsopp 2011
5155:
5149:
5143:
5137:
5134:Blenkinsopp 2011
5131:
5125:
5119:
5113:
5107:
5101:
5095:
5089:
5083:
5077:
5071:
5065:
5059:
5053:
5047:
5041:
5035:
5024:
5018:
5005:
4999:
4993:
4987:
4976:
4970:
4964:
4958:
4952:
4946:
4940:
4934:
4928:
4922:
4916:
4910:
4904:
4898:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4856:
4850:
4844:
4838:
4832:
4826:
4820:
4814:
4808:
4802:
4796:
4790:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4766:
4757:
4751:
4745:
4739:
4733:
4727:
4721:
4718:Ryken et al 1998
4715:
4709:
4703:
4694:
4688:
4682:
4676:
4670:
4664:
4655:
4649:
4643:
4637:
4631:
4625:
4619:
4613:
4607:
4601:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4577:
4571:
4565:
4559:
4558:, p. 29–33.
4553:
4547:
4541:
4535:
4529:
4523:
4517:
4508:
4502:
4496:
4490:
4484:
4478:
4472:
4471:, pp. 9–10.
4466:
4460:
4454:
4448:
4442:
4436:
4430:
4421:
4415:
4409:
4403:
4397:
4391:
4385:
4379:
4373:
4367:
4361:
4355:
4349:
4343:
4337:
4331:
4325:
4319:
4313:
4307:
4301:
4295:
4289:
4283:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4259:
4253:
4247:
4241:
4235:
4229:
4223:
4217:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4174:
4168:
4155:
4149:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4113:
4107:
4094:
4088:
4079:
4073:
4064:
4058:
4049:
4043:
4028:
4021:
4015:
4009:
3996:
3990:
3984:
3978:
3946:
3940:
3934:
3928:
3921:
3915:
3904:
3898:
3887:
3881:
3843:
3834:
3828:
3822:
3785:
3770:
3746:
3670:Cultural mandate
3665:Creation mandate
3556:creation science
3541:Francis Andersen
3514:Millard Erickson
3502:Andrew Steinmann
3324:— Creature Kinds
3305:
3291:Genesis 1:1–2:4a
3218:
3196:
3184:
3172:
3145:
3011:
2997:
2974:
2958:
2957:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2865:Hartmann Schedel
2857:, from the 1493
2832:," "darkness", "
2822:). According to
2813:harmony with God
2805:cultural mandate
2802:
2796:
2711:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2678:living creatures
2676:
2672:
2650:(1506–1511), by
2630:
2590:
2583:The Hebrew word
2575:
2572:
2571:living creatures
2569:
2565:
2532:Priestly authors
2502:
2496:
2479:Bible Historiale
2460:agrarian society
2435:
2409:
2404:is derived from
2403:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2336:
2274:and also echoes
2266:
2227:land and plants
2193:
2189:
2176:
2146:
2126:
2118:
2111:
2103:, at creation.
2090:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2057:
2051:
2044:primordial ocean
2041:
2040:
2035:
2004:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1956:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1893:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1875:
1866:in the beginning
1655:Greek philosophy
1507:ancient Israel's
1495:Jewish mythology
1455:
1449:
1441:
1404:
1403:
1392:
1391:
1340:primeval history
1182:tablet with the
1106:Biblical Sabbath
1055:
1048:
1041:
957:
956:
937:Public education
887:Creation science
784:
761:
760:
751:
744:
737:
725:Bible portal
723:
722:
721:
446:Synoptic problem
370:
369:
365:Biblical studies
294:Dead Sea scrolls
255:Petrine epistles
250:Pauline epistles
79:
56:
55:
21:
12577:
12576:
12572:
12571:
12570:
12568:
12567:
12566:
12487:
12486:
12485:
12475:
12473:
12463:
12461:
12449:
12437:
12427:
12425:
12417:
12415:
12410:
12392:
12351:
12301:
12277:Neo-creationism
12257:Gap creationism
12240:
12193:Book of Genesis
12187:
12146:
12141:
12111:
12106:
12044:
12025:
11973:
11941:
11913:
11904:Adam-ondi-Ahman
11892:
11878:Visions of Eden
11857:
11824:Forbidden Fruit
11817:Adam-ondi-Ahman
11797:
11703:The Fall of Man
11679:The Fall of Man
11574:
11516:" (9th century)
11436:Book of Abraham
11414:
11356:
11313:
11270:
11123:
11094:Manu (Hinduism)
11047:
11003:Adamic language
10976:Forbidden fruit
10939:
10883:
10869:Book of Genesis
10853:
10848:
10818:
10813:
10797:
10771:
10761:Arcana Cœlestia
10733:
10707:
10622:
10579:
10492:Patriarchal age
10486:
10398:
10397:
10392:Book of Genesis
10385:
10355:
10350:
10311:
10283:
10231:
10203:
10175:Gap creationism
10137:
10086:
10077:
10041:
10035:
9989:
9975:
9961:
9959:
9934:
9931:
9918:Wayback Machine
9887:
9833:Wayback Machine
9823:Wayback Machine
9798:Wayback Machine
9788:Wayback Machine
9777:
9772:
9767:
9762:
9753:
9751:
9744:
9718:
9716:
9709:
9683:
9681:
9674:
9666:. Eisenbrauns.
9653:
9634:
9612:
9610:
9603:
9576:
9574:
9567:
9543:
9541:
9534:
9510:
9508:
9501:
9477:
9475:
9468:
9444:
9442:
9435:
9414:
9390:
9388:
9381:
9336:
9334:
9327:
9301:
9299:
9292:
9265:
9263:
9256:
9229:
9227:
9220:
9196:
9194:
9186:
9170:
9168:
9161:
9137:
9135:
9128:
9101:
9099:
9092:
9071:
9044:
9042:
9035:
9011:
9009:
9002:
8983:
8981:Further reading
8978:
8969:
8967:
8942:
8940:
8933:
8909:
8907:
8900:
8877:
8845:
8816:
8814:
8807:
8774:, Springfield:
8760:
8758:
8751:
8735:Walton, John H.
8727:
8704:
8688:Walton, John H.
8680:
8666:Waltke, Bruce K
8657:
8642:
8631:
8607:
8605:
8598:
8574:
8572:
8565:
8539:
8537:
8530:
8509:
8483:
8460:
8436:
8434:
8427:
8350:
8348:
8341:
8318:
8297:
8270:
8268:
8261:
8253:. Eisenbrauns.
8237:
8235:
8231:
8216:
8202:
8200:
8199:on 5 March 2009
8196:
8181:
8163:
8161:
8154:
8131:
8113:Sarna, Nahum M.
8105:
8091:Sarna, Nahum M.
8080:
8078:
8071:
8048:
8027:
7973:
7971:
7964:
7956:. Eisenbrauns.
7940:
7938:
7931:
7905:
7903:
7896:
7870:
7868:
7861:
7831:
7817:
7815:
7808:
7787:
7763:
7737:
7735:
7728:
7707:
7666:
7664:
7657:
7633:
7631:
7624:
7616:. Eisenbrauns.
7603:
7577:
7575:
7568:
7542:
7540:
7533:
7509:
7507:
7500:
7477:
7409:
7376:
7374:
7367:
7343:
7341:
7334:
7313:
7270:
7268:
7261:
7208:
7206:
7199:
7176:
7152:
7134:
7111:
7074:
7055:
7034:
7010:
7008:
7001:
6967:
6947:
6928:
6900:
6898:
6891:
6870:
6827:
6825:
6792:
6769:
6746:
6715:
6685:
6659:
6634:
6612:
6572:
6552:
6527:
6505:
6484:
6449:
6428:
6407:
6383:
6362:
6354:. Eisenbrauns.
6336:
6312:
6304:. Basic Books.
6290:
6285:
6277:
6273:
6265:
6261:
6257:, pp. 6–9.
6253:
6249:
6241:
6237:
6229:
6225:
6217:
6213:
6205:
6201:
6193:
6189:
6181:
6177:
6169:
6165:
6157:
6153:
6145:
6141:
6133:
6129:
6121:
6117:
6111:van Ruiten 2000
6109:
6105:
6097:
6090:
6084:van Ruiten 2000
6082:
6078:
6070:
6066:
6058:
6054:
6046:
6042:
6034:
6030:
6022:
6018:
6010:
6006:
5998:
5994:
5986:
5982:
5974:
5967:
5959:
5955:
5947:
5943:
5935:
5931:
5923:
5919:
5911:
5907:
5899:
5895:
5887:
5883:
5875:
5871:
5863:
5859:
5851:
5847:
5839:
5835:
5827:
5823:
5815:
5811:
5803:
5799:
5793:Van Seters 1998
5791:
5787:
5779:
5775:
5767:
5763:
5755:
5748:
5740:
5736:
5731:Genesis 2:1–2:3
5729:
5725:
5717:
5713:
5705:
5701:
5693:
5689:
5681:
5677:
5669:
5665:
5657:
5653:
5645:
5641:
5633:
5629:
5621:
5617:
5609:
5605:
5597:
5593:
5585:
5581:
5573:
5569:
5564:Genesis 1:24–31
5562:
5558:
5550:
5546:
5539:
5535:
5527:
5523:
5515:
5511:
5503:
5499:
5491:
5487:
5479:
5475:
5467:
5463:
5456:
5452:
5444:
5440:
5432:
5428:
5420:
5416:
5409:
5405:
5397:
5393:
5385:
5381:
5373:
5369:
5361:
5357:
5349:
5345:
5337:
5333:
5325:
5321:
5316:Genesis 1:6–1:8
5314:
5310:
5302:
5298:
5290:
5286:
5278:
5274:
5266:
5259:
5251:
5247:
5239:
5235:
5227:
5223:
5218:Genesis 1:3–1:5
5216:
5212:
5204:
5200:
5192:
5188:
5180:
5176:
5168:
5164:
5156:
5152:
5144:
5140:
5132:
5128:
5120:
5116:
5108:
5104:
5096:
5092:
5084:
5080:
5072:
5068:
5060:
5056:
5048:
5044:
5036:
5027:
5019:
5008:
5000:
4996:
4988:
4979:
4971:
4967:
4959:
4955:
4951:, pp. 5–6.
4947:
4943:
4935:
4931:
4923:
4919:
4911:
4907:
4899:
4895:
4889:Genesis 1:1–1:2
4887:
4883:
4875:
4871:
4863:
4859:
4851:
4847:
4843:, pp. 1–2.
4839:
4835:
4827:
4823:
4815:
4811:
4803:
4799:
4791:
4787:
4779:
4775:
4767:
4760:
4752:
4748:
4740:
4736:
4728:
4724:
4716:
4712:
4704:
4697:
4689:
4685:
4677:
4673:
4665:
4658:
4650:
4646:
4638:
4634:
4628:Van Seters 1992
4626:
4622:
4614:
4610:
4602:
4598:
4590:
4586:
4578:
4574:
4566:
4562:
4554:
4550:
4542:
4538:
4530:
4526:
4518:
4511:
4503:
4499:
4491:
4487:
4479:
4475:
4469:van Ruiten 2000
4467:
4463:
4455:
4451:
4443:
4439:
4431:
4424:
4416:
4412:
4404:
4400:
4392:
4388:
4380:
4376:
4368:
4364:
4356:
4352:
4344:
4340:
4332:
4328:
4320:
4316:
4312:, pp. 5–9.
4308:
4304:
4296:
4292:
4284:
4280:
4272:
4268:
4260:
4256:
4248:
4244:
4236:
4232:
4224:
4220:
4212:
4208:
4200:
4196:
4188:
4177:
4169:
4158:
4150:
4143:
4135:
4131:
4123:
4116:
4108:
4097:
4089:
4082:
4074:
4067:
4059:
4052:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4022:
4018:
3997:
3993:
3985:
3981:
3971:C. John Collins
3969:
3947:
3943:
3935:
3931:
3922:
3918:
3905:
3901:
3888:
3884:
3844:
3837:
3829:
3825:
3788:
3786:
3773:
3760:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3605:
3576:Jon D. Levenson
3522:
3485:in nature (cf.
3417:
3384:
3382:
3377:
3299:
3283:
3271:Jacob of Edessa
3267:Jacob of Serugh
3245:
3225:
3223:Interpretations
3125:Genesis 2:19–20
3117:
3101:death sentences
3097:1 Kings 3:9, 28
3081:
3073:Book of Ezekiel
3067:) and guardian
3028:
3022:
2965:
2955:
2954:
2899:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2848:
2714:majestic plural
2709:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2641:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2552:
2513:Victor Hamilton
2477:The Creation –
2471:
2446:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2344:
2334:
2288:
2264:
2219:birds and fish
2170:
2155:
2066:, the enemy of
2046:. Darkness and
1912:Christine Hayes
1891:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1850:
1806:
1784:
1718:
1643:
1488:
1470:
1439:
1410:Genesis 1:1–2:3
1401:
1400:
1389:
1388:
1368:
1328:Priestly source
1309:Book of Genesis
1305:
1291:
1237:C. John Collins
1196:
1184:Atra-Hasis Epic
1173:
1141:Priestly source
1094:Priestly source
1083:Book of Genesis
1059:
1026:
951:Religious views
946:
916:
874:
858:Book of Genesis
839:Neo-creationism
835:
755:
719:
717:
716:
708:
707:
694:
680:
658:
650:
649:
648:
564:
540:
513:
505:
504:
499:
418:
402:
391:
367:
357:
356:
355:
288:
287:
268:
267:
263:Johannine works
259:
223:
203:
202:
199:and development
186:
185:
184:
151:
137:
123:
96:
95:
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12575:
12565:
12564:
12559:
12554:
12549:
12544:
12539:
12534:
12532:Creation myths
12529:
12524:
12519:
12514:
12509:
12504:
12499:
12484:
12483:
12471:
12459:
12447:
12435:
12412:
12411:
12409:
12408:
12397:
12394:
12393:
12391:
12390:
12385:
12380:
12375:
12370:
12365:
12359:
12357:
12353:
12352:
12350:
12349:
12344:
12337:
12332:
12325:
12320:
12315:
12309:
12307:
12303:
12302:
12300:
12299:
12294:
12289:
12284:
12279:
12274:
12269:
12264:
12259:
12254:
12248:
12246:
12242:
12241:
12239:
12238:
12233:
12231:Tower of Babel
12228:
12223:
12218:
12213:
12208:
12203:
12197:
12195:
12189:
12188:
12186:
12185:
12180:
12175:
12170:
12165:
12160:
12154:
12152:
12148:
12147:
12140:
12139:
12132:
12125:
12117:
12108:
12107:
12105:
12104:
12099:
12098:
12097:
12083:
12078:
12073:
12068:
12063:
12058:
12052:
12050:
12046:
12045:
12043:
12042:
12033:
12031:
12027:
12026:
12024:
12023:
12016:
12009:
12002:
11995:
11988:
11981:
11979:
11975:
11974:
11972:
11971:
11964:
11961:Island of Love
11957:
11949:
11947:
11943:
11942:
11940:
11939:
11932:
11927:
11921:
11919:
11915:
11914:
11912:
11911:
11906:
11900:
11898:
11894:
11893:
11891:
11890:
11882:
11874:
11865:
11863:
11859:
11858:
11856:
11855:
11848:
11841:
11834:
11827:
11820:
11813:
11805:
11803:
11799:
11798:
11796:
11795:
11787:
11779:
11771:
11763:
11755:
11747:
11739:
11738:(19th century)
11731:
11723:
11715:
11707:
11699:
11691:
11683:
11675:
11667:
11659:
11651:
11643:
11635:
11627:
11619:
11611:
11610:(15th century)
11607:Vienna Diptych
11603:
11595:
11594:(11th century)
11589:
11586:Bernward Doors
11582:
11580:
11576:
11575:
11573:
11572:
11564:
11556:
11548:
11540:
11532:
11524:
11517:
11510:
11502:
11496:
11491:
11484:
11477:
11464:
11457:
11450:
11443:
11438:
11433:
11428:
11422:
11420:
11416:
11415:
11413:
11412:
11404:
11396:
11388:
11384:La mort d'Adam
11380:
11379:
11378:
11364:
11362:
11358:
11357:
11355:
11354:
11346:
11338:
11330:
11326:The Apple Tree
11321:
11319:
11315:
11314:
11312:
11311:
11303:
11295:
11291:The Broken Jug
11287:
11286:(12th century)
11278:
11276:
11272:
11271:
11269:
11268:
11260:
11252:
11244:
11236:
11228:
11220:
11212:
11204:
11196:
11188:
11180:
11172:
11164:
11156:
11152:The Broken Jug
11148:
11140:
11131:
11129:
11125:
11124:
11122:
11121:
11116:
11111:
11106:
11101:
11096:
11091:
11086:
11081:
11076:
11071:
11066:
11061:
11055:
11053:
11052:Other cultures
11049:
11048:
11046:
11045:
11040:
11035:
11030:
11025:
11020:
11015:
11013:Protevangelium
11010:
11005:
11000:
10995:
10990:
10989:
10988:
10983:
10973:
10968:
10963:
10961:Garden of Eden
10958:
10953:
10947:
10945:
10941:
10940:
10938:
10937:
10934:
10929:
10924:
10919:
10918:
10917:
10909:
10908:
10907:
10902:
10891:
10889:
10885:
10884:
10882:
10881:
10876:
10871:
10861:
10859:
10855:
10854:
10847:
10846:
10839:
10832:
10824:
10815:
10814:
10812:
10811:
10805:
10803:
10799:
10798:
10796:
10795:
10790:
10785:
10779:
10777:
10773:
10772:
10770:
10769:
10764:
10757:
10752:
10747:
10741:
10739:
10735:
10734:
10732:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10715:
10713:
10709:
10708:
10706:
10705:
10699:
10693:
10687:
10681:
10675:
10669:
10663:
10657:
10651:
10645:
10639:
10632:
10630:
10628:Torah readings
10624:
10623:
10621:
10620:
10615:
10610:
10605:
10600:
10599:
10598:
10587:
10585:
10584:Notable verses
10581:
10580:
10578:
10577:
10571:
10561:
10555:
10552:Jacob's Ladder
10549:
10539:
10533:
10527:
10521:
10515:
10509:
10504:
10497:
10495:
10488:
10487:
10485:
10484:
10481:Tower of Babel
10478:
10472:
10466:
10465:
10464:
10459:
10448:
10442:
10436:
10435:
10434:
10423:
10422:
10421:
10409:
10407:
10400:
10399:
10396:
10395:
10387:
10384:
10383:
10376:
10369:
10361:
10352:
10351:
10349:
10348:
10343:
10335:
10330:
10325:
10319:
10317:
10313:
10312:
10310:
10309:
10308:
10307:
10302:
10291:
10289:
10285:
10284:
10282:
10275:
10268:
10261:
10254:
10246:
10239:
10237:
10233:
10232:
10230:
10229:
10224:
10219:
10214:
10208:
10205:
10204:
10202:
10201:
10196:
10189:
10184:
10183:
10182:
10177:
10172:
10162:
10156:
10154:
10145:
10139:
10138:
10136:
10135:
10134:
10133:
10128:
10116:
10115:
10114:
10109:
10094:
10092:
10091:Divine figures
10088:
10087:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10075:
10070:
10065:
10060:
10055:
10049:
10047:
10043:
10042:
10034:
10033:
10026:
10019:
10011:
10005:
10004:
10003:(August 2016).
9988:
9985:
9984:
9983:
9972:
9943:
9930:
9927:
9926:
9925:
9920:
9908:
9901:alternate site
9894:
9886:
9883:
9882:
9881:
9872:
9863:
9854:
9845:
9836:
9813:
9801:
9776:
9775:Biblical texts
9773:
9771:
9768:
9766:
9765:External links
9763:
9761:
9760:
9742:
9725:
9707:
9690:
9672:
9657:
9651:
9638:
9632:
9619:
9601:
9587:Smith, Mark S.
9583:
9565:
9550:
9532:
9517:
9499:
9484:
9466:
9451:
9433:
9418:
9412:
9397:
9379:
9364:
9352:
9343:
9325:
9308:
9290:
9272:
9254:
9236:
9218:
9203:
9177:
9159:
9144:
9126:
9108:
9090:
9075:
9069:
9051:
9033:
9018:
9000:
8984:
8982:
8979:
8977:
8976:
8949:
8931:
8916:
8898:
8881:
8875:
8853:Whybray, R. N.
8849:
8843:
8837:: Word Books.
8823:
8805:
8788:
8779:
8767:
8749:
8731:
8725:
8708:
8702:
8684:
8678:
8662:
8635:
8629:
8614:
8596:
8581:
8563:
8546:
8528:
8513:
8507:
8490:
8481:
8464:
8458:
8443:
8425:
8416:Echoes of Eden
8410:
8370:
8357:
8339:
8322:
8316:
8301:
8295:
8281:Smith, Mark S.
8277:
8259:
8244:
8209:
8170:
8152:
8135:
8129:
8109:
8103:
8087:
8069:
8052:
8046:
8031:
8025:
8010:
7999:
7980:
7962:
7947:
7929:
7912:
7894:
7877:
7859:
7844:
7824:
7806:
7791:
7785:
7767:
7761:
7744:
7726:
7711:
7705:
7690:
7673:
7655:
7640:
7622:
7607:
7601:
7584:
7566:
7549:
7531:
7516:
7498:
7481:
7475:
7462:
7447:
7430:
7413:
7407:
7392:
7383:
7365:
7350:
7332:
7317:
7311:
7294:
7277:
7259:
7244:
7215:
7197:
7180:
7174:
7156:
7150:
7137:
7132:
7115:
7109:
7094:
7081:
7072:
7059:
7054:978-0567134394
7053:
7047:. Bloomsbury.
7038:
7032:
7017:
6999:
6982:
6940:
6926:
6907:
6889:
6874:
6868:
6852:
6843:
6834:
6805:
6796:
6790:
6773:
6767:
6750:
6744:
6719:
6713:
6698:
6689:
6683:
6663:
6657:
6638:
6633:978-0190608651
6632:
6616:
6610:
6594:
6585:
6576:
6570:
6555:
6550:
6531:
6525:
6513:Blocher, Henri
6509:
6503:
6488:
6482:
6466:
6453:
6447:
6432:
6427:978-0300152647
6426:
6411:
6405:
6391:Aune, David E.
6387:
6381:
6366:
6360:
6340:
6334:
6316:
6310:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6283:
6271:
6259:
6247:
6245:, p. 142.
6235:
6233:, p. 2-3.
6223:
6211:
6209:, p. 408.
6199:
6187:
6175:
6163:
6151:
6139:
6127:
6115:
6103:
6088:
6076:
6064:
6062:, p. 184.
6052:
6040:
6038:, p. 149.
6028:
6026:, p. 607.
6016:
6014:, p. 127.
6004:
5992:
5980:
5978:, p. 436.
5976:Galambush 2000
5965:
5963:, p. 139.
5953:
5951:, p. 138.
5941:
5929:
5917:
5905:
5901:Stordalen 2000
5893:
5891:, p. 193.
5881:
5869:
5857:
5845:
5833:
5821:
5809:
5797:
5785:
5773:
5761:
5757:Stordalen 2000
5746:
5734:
5723:
5711:
5699:
5687:
5685:, p. 132.
5675:
5673:, p. 130.
5663:
5651:
5639:
5627:
5615:
5603:
5591:
5579:
5577:, p. 127.
5567:
5556:
5554:, p. 160.
5544:
5533:
5521:
5509:
5497:
5495:, p. 127.
5485:
5483:, p. 124.
5473:
5461:
5450:
5438:
5436:, p. 106.
5426:
5414:
5403:
5391:
5379:
5377:, p. 175.
5367:
5355:
5353:, p. 122.
5343:
5331:
5329:, p. 111.
5319:
5308:
5296:
5284:
5272:
5270:, p. 158.
5257:
5245:
5233:
5221:
5210:
5198:
5186:
5174:
5162:
5150:
5138:
5126:
5114:
5112:, p. 230.
5102:
5090:
5078:
5066:
5054:
5042:
5025:
5006:
4994:
4977:
4965:
4963:, p. 489.
4953:
4941:
4929:
4917:
4915:, p. 103.
4905:
4893:
4881:
4869:
4857:
4845:
4833:
4831:, p. 274.
4821:
4809:
4797:
4785:
4783:, p. 179.
4773:
4758:
4756:, p. 183.
4746:
4744:, p. 119.
4734:
4722:
4720:, p. 170.
4710:
4708:, p. 119.
4695:
4683:
4671:
4656:
4654:, p. 166.
4644:
4632:
4620:
4608:
4596:
4592:McDermott 2002
4584:
4572:
4570:, p. 615.
4560:
4548:
4536:
4524:
4509:
4497:
4485:
4473:
4461:
4459:, p. 227.
4449:
4447:, p. 229.
4437:
4435:, p. 141.
4422:
4410:
4398:
4386:
4374:
4372:, p. 103.
4362:
4350:
4338:
4326:
4314:
4302:
4290:
4278:
4266:
4254:
4242:
4230:
4218:
4206:
4194:
4175:
4156:
4141:
4129:
4114:
4095:
4093:, p. xxi.
4080:
4078:, p. 734.
4065:
4050:
4048:, p. 113.
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4016:
3991:
3979:
3968:, p. 64).
3941:
3937:Levenson (2004
3929:
3927:, p. 21).
3916:
3899:
3894:Brevard Childs
3890:Hamilton (1990
3882:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3868:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3835:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3811:
3801:
3795:
3771:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3725:Tower of Babel
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3572:Jewish studies
3521:
3518:
3491:Romans 1:19–20
3448:John H. Walton
3416:
3413:
3406:
3405:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3386:
3379:
3374:
3367:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3347:
3346:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3327:
3326:
3316:
3298:
3295:
3282:
3279:
3244:
3241:
3224:
3221:
3116:
3113:
3093:2 Samuel 14:17
3080:
3077:
3026:Garden of Eden
3024:Main article:
3021:
3018:
2964:
2961:
2928:Meredith Kline
2918:Garden of Eden
2898:
2895:
2847:
2844:
2775:
2774:
2767:Galatians 3:10
2763:Ephesians 4:24
2759:
2752:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2722:Trinitarianism
2718:divine council
2640:
2637:
2593:chaos-monsters
2551:
2548:
2470:
2467:
2445:
2442:
2343:
2340:
2287:
2284:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2180:Louis de Laval
2154:
2151:
1920:John H. Walton
1916:Michael Coogan
1858:
1857:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1809:creation, the
1805:
1802:
1799:(Copy D, 1794)
1783:
1780:
1775:Canaanite myth
1759:(Coiled One),
1737:Isaiah 51:9–10
1717:
1714:
1642:
1639:
1611:mother goddess
1469:
1466:
1425:Garden of Eden
1367:
1364:
1353:, after their
1290:
1287:
1266:On the Sublime
1195:
1192:
1188:British Museum
1172:
1169:
1122:Garden of Eden
1081:, told in the
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
993:
992:
991:
983:
982:
978:
977:
976:
975:
970:
962:
961:
953:
952:
948:
947:
945:
944:
939:
934:
928:
925:
924:
918:
917:
915:
914:
909:
904:
899:
893:
890:
889:
883:
882:
881:
880:
873:
872:
871:
870:
868:as an allegory
865:
854:
851:
850:
844:
843:
842:
841:
834:
833:
832:
831:
826:
821:
810:
809:
808:
800:
799:
793:
792:
786:
785:
777:
776:
770:
769:
757:
756:
754:
753:
746:
739:
731:
728:
727:
710:
709:
706:
705:
700:
693:
692:
687:
681:
679:
678:
677:
676:
666:
660:
659:
656:
655:
652:
651:
647:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
565:
563:
562:
557:
552:
547:
541:
539:
538:
533:
528:
522:
521:
520:
514:
512:Interpretation
511:
510:
507:
506:
501:
500:
498:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
466:
463:
462:
456:
455:
454:
453:
448:
443:
438:
431:
426:
417:
416:
411:
406:
400:
395:
389:
384:
379:
373:
368:
363:
362:
359:
358:
354:
353:
348:
346:English Bibles
343:
338:
333:
328:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
299:Masoretic Text
296:
290:
289:
286:
285:
275:
274:
273:
270:
269:
266:
265:
258:
257:
252:
246:
245:
244:
239:
234:
229:
222:
221:
216:
211:
205:
204:
201:
200:
193:
192:
191:
188:
187:
183:
182:
181:
180:
175:
170:
159:
158:
157:
150:
149:
144:
138:
136:
135:
130:
124:
122:
121:
120:
119:
114:
109:
98:
97:
94:
93:
86:
85:
84:
81:
80:
72:
71:
65:
64:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12574:
12563:
12560:
12558:
12555:
12553:
12550:
12548:
12545:
12543:
12540:
12538:
12535:
12533:
12530:
12528:
12525:
12523:
12520:
12518:
12515:
12513:
12510:
12508:
12505:
12503:
12500:
12498:
12495:
12494:
12492:
12482:
12472:
12470:
12460:
12458:
12453:
12448:
12446:
12441:
12436:
12434:
12424:
12423:
12420:
12407:
12399:
12398:
12395:
12389:
12386:
12384:
12381:
12379:
12376:
12374:
12371:
12369:
12366:
12364:
12361:
12360:
12358:
12354:
12348:
12345:
12343:
12342:
12338:
12336:
12333:
12331:
12330:
12326:
12324:
12321:
12319:
12316:
12314:
12311:
12310:
12308:
12306:Controversies
12304:
12298:
12295:
12293:
12290:
12288:
12285:
12283:
12280:
12278:
12275:
12273:
12270:
12268:
12265:
12263:
12260:
12258:
12255:
12253:
12250:
12249:
12247:
12243:
12237:
12234:
12232:
12229:
12227:
12224:
12222:
12219:
12217:
12214:
12212:
12211:Flood geology
12209:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12199:
12198:
12196:
12194:
12190:
12184:
12181:
12179:
12176:
12174:
12171:
12169:
12166:
12164:
12163:Creation myth
12161:
12159:
12156:
12155:
12153:
12149:
12145:
12138:
12133:
12131:
12126:
12124:
12119:
12118:
12115:
12103:
12100:
12096:
12095:
12091:
12090:
12089:
12088:
12084:
12082:
12079:
12077:
12074:
12072:
12069:
12067:
12064:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12053:
12051:
12047:
12040:
12039:
12035:
12034:
12032:
12028:
12021:
12017:
12014:
12010:
12007:
12003:
12000:
11996:
11993:
11989:
11986:
11983:
11982:
11980:
11976:
11970:
11969:
11965:
11963:
11962:
11958:
11956:
11955:
11951:
11950:
11948:
11944:
11938:
11937:
11933:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11922:
11920:
11916:
11910:
11907:
11905:
11902:
11901:
11899:
11895:
11888:
11887:
11883:
11880:
11879:
11875:
11872:
11871:
11867:
11866:
11864:
11860:
11853:
11849:
11846:
11842:
11839:
11835:
11832:
11828:
11825:
11821:
11818:
11814:
11811:
11807:
11806:
11804:
11800:
11793:
11792:
11788:
11785:
11784:
11780:
11777:
11776:
11772:
11769:
11768:
11764:
11761:
11760:
11756:
11753:
11752:
11748:
11745:
11744:
11740:
11737:
11736:
11735:Paradise Lost
11732:
11729:
11728:
11724:
11721:
11720:
11716:
11713:
11712:
11708:
11705:
11704:
11700:
11697:
11696:
11692:
11689:
11688:
11684:
11681:
11680:
11676:
11673:
11672:
11668:
11665:
11664:
11660:
11657:
11656:
11652:
11649:
11648:
11644:
11641:
11640:
11636:
11633:
11632:
11628:
11625:
11624:
11620:
11617:
11616:
11612:
11609:
11608:
11604:
11601:
11600:
11596:
11593:
11590:
11587:
11584:
11583:
11581:
11577:
11570:
11569:
11565:
11562:
11561:
11557:
11554:
11553:
11549:
11546:
11545:
11541:
11538:
11537:
11533:
11530:
11529:
11528:Paradise Lost
11525:
11522:
11518:
11515:
11511:
11509:(6th century)
11508:
11507:
11503:
11501:(3rd century)
11500:
11497:
11495:
11492:
11490:
11489:
11485:
11483:
11482:
11478:
11476:
11475:
11470:
11469:
11465:
11462:
11458:
11456:
11455:
11451:
11449:
11448:
11444:
11442:
11441:Books of Adam
11439:
11437:
11434:
11432:
11431:Book of Moses
11429:
11427:
11424:
11423:
11421:
11417:
11410:
11409:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11400:Genesis Suite
11397:
11394:
11393:
11389:
11386:
11385:
11381:
11377:
11374:
11373:
11371:
11370:
11366:
11365:
11363:
11359:
11352:
11351:
11347:
11344:
11343:
11339:
11336:
11335:
11331:
11328:
11327:
11323:
11322:
11320:
11316:
11309:
11308:
11304:
11301:
11300:
11296:
11293:
11292:
11288:
11285:
11284:
11283:Le Jeu d'Adam
11280:
11279:
11277:
11273:
11266:
11265:
11261:
11258:
11257:
11253:
11250:
11249:
11245:
11242:
11241:
11237:
11234:
11233:
11229:
11226:
11225:
11221:
11218:
11217:
11213:
11210:
11209:
11205:
11202:
11201:
11197:
11194:
11193:
11189:
11186:
11185:
11181:
11178:
11177:
11173:
11170:
11169:
11165:
11162:
11161:
11157:
11154:
11153:
11149:
11146:
11145:
11141:
11138:
11137:
11136:Mama's Affair
11133:
11132:
11130:
11126:
11120:
11117:
11115:
11112:
11110:
11107:
11105:
11102:
11100:
11097:
11095:
11092:
11090:
11087:
11085:
11084:Book of Moses
11082:
11080:
11077:
11075:
11072:
11070:
11069:Adam in Islam
11067:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11057:
11056:
11054:
11050:
11044:
11041:
11039:
11036:
11034:
11031:
11029:
11026:
11024:
11021:
11019:
11018:Rosh Hashanah
11016:
11014:
11011:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
10999:
10996:
10994:
10991:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10978:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10964:
10962:
10959:
10957:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10948:
10946:
10942:
10935:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10925:
10923:
10920:
10915:
10914:
10913:
10910:
10906:
10903:
10901:
10898:
10897:
10896:
10895:Cain and Abel
10893:
10892:
10890:
10886:
10880:
10877:
10875:
10872:
10870:
10866:
10863:
10862:
10860:
10856:
10852:
10845:
10840:
10838:
10833:
10831:
10826:
10825:
10822:
10810:
10807:
10806:
10804:
10800:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10780:
10778:
10774:
10768:
10765:
10763:
10762:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10742:
10740:
10736:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10716:
10714:
10710:
10704:(47:28–50:26)
10703:
10700:
10698:(44:18–47:27)
10697:
10694:
10691:
10688:
10685:
10682:
10679:
10676:
10673:
10670:
10667:
10664:
10661:
10658:
10655:
10652:
10649:
10646:
10643:
10640:
10637:
10634:
10633:
10631:
10629:
10625:
10619:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10597:
10594:
10593:
10592:
10589:
10588:
10586:
10582:
10575:
10572:
10569:
10565:
10562:
10559:
10556:
10553:
10550:
10547:
10543:
10540:
10537:
10534:
10531:
10528:
10525:
10522:
10519:
10516:
10513:
10510:
10508:
10505:
10502:
10499:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10489:
10482:
10479:
10476:
10473:
10470:
10467:
10463:
10460:
10458:
10455:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10446:
10443:
10440:
10439:Cain and Abel
10437:
10433:
10430:
10429:
10427:
10424:
10420:
10417:
10416:
10414:
10411:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10401:
10394:
10393:
10389:
10388:
10382:
10377:
10375:
10370:
10368:
10363:
10362:
10359:
10347:
10344:
10341:
10340:
10336:
10334:
10331:
10329:
10326:
10324:
10321:
10320:
10318:
10314:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10297:
10296:
10293:
10292:
10290:
10286:
10280:
10276:
10273:
10269:
10266:
10262:
10259:
10255:
10252:
10251:
10247:
10244:
10240:
10238:
10234:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10209:
10200:
10197:
10195:
10194:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10181:
10178:
10176:
10173:
10171:
10168:
10167:
10166:
10163:
10161:
10158:
10157:
10155:
10153:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10140:
10132:
10129:
10127:
10124:
10123:
10121:
10120:Spirit of God
10117:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10104:
10103:
10099:
10096:
10095:
10093:
10089:
10084:
10074:
10071:
10069:
10066:
10064:
10061:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10050:
10048:
10044:
10039:
10032:
10027:
10025:
10020:
10018:
10013:
10012:
10009:
10002:
9998:
9994:
9991:
9990:
9987:Related links
9982:
9978:
9973:
9970:
9957:
9953:
9949:
9944:
9939:
9938:
9933:
9932:
9924:
9921:
9919:
9915:
9912:
9909:
9906:
9902:
9898:
9895:
9892:
9889:
9888:
9879:
9876:
9873:
9870:
9867:
9864:
9861:
9858:
9855:
9852:
9849:
9846:
9843:
9840:
9837:
9834:
9830:
9827:
9824:
9820:
9817:
9814:
9811:
9808:
9805:
9802:
9799:
9795:
9792:
9789:
9785:
9782:
9779:
9778:
9749:
9745:
9743:0-8091-4179-5
9739:
9735:
9731:
9726:
9714:
9710:
9704:
9700:
9696:
9691:
9679:
9675:
9669:
9665:
9664:
9658:
9654:
9652:0-664-24195-6
9648:
9644:
9639:
9635:
9633:0-8153-1656-9
9629:
9625:
9620:
9608:
9604:
9602:0-8028-3972-X
9598:
9594:
9593:
9588:
9584:
9572:
9568:
9562:
9558:
9557:
9551:
9539:
9535:
9529:
9525:
9524:
9518:
9506:
9502:
9500:0-664-22885-2
9496:
9492:
9491:
9485:
9473:
9469:
9463:
9459:
9458:
9452:
9440:
9436:
9430:
9426:
9425:
9419:
9415:
9409:
9405:
9404:
9398:
9386:
9382:
9376:
9372:
9371:
9365:
9361:
9357:
9353:
9350:. Cosimo Inc.
9349:
9344:
9332:
9328:
9326:0-89906-173-7
9322:
9318:
9314:
9309:
9297:
9293:
9291:0-226-32398-6
9287:
9283:
9282:
9277:
9273:
9261:
9257:
9255:0-226-32399-4
9251:
9247:
9246:
9241:
9237:
9225:
9221:
9215:
9211:
9210:
9204:
9192:
9185:
9184:
9178:
9166:
9162:
9156:
9152:
9151:
9145:
9133:
9129:
9123:
9119:
9118:
9113:
9109:
9097:
9093:
9087:
9083:
9082:
9076:
9072:
9066:
9062:
9061:
9056:
9052:
9040:
9036:
9030:
9026:
9025:
9019:
9007:
9003:
8997:
8993:
8992:
8986:
8985:
8965:
8961:
8960:
8955:
8950:
8938:
8934:
8928:
8924:
8923:
8917:
8905:
8901:
8895:
8891:
8887:
8882:
8878:
8876:9780198755005
8872:
8868:
8864:
8860:
8859:
8854:
8850:
8846:
8844:0-8499-0200-2
8840:
8836:
8832:
8828:
8824:
8812:
8808:
8802:
8798:
8794:
8789:
8785:
8780:
8777:
8773:
8768:
8756:
8752:
8750:0-8010-2750-0
8746:
8742:
8741:
8736:
8732:
8728:
8722:
8718:
8714:
8709:
8705:
8703:9780310866206
8699:
8695:
8694:
8689:
8685:
8681:
8675:
8672:. Zondervan.
8671:
8667:
8663:
8656:
8652:
8648:
8641:
8636:
8632:
8626:
8622:
8621:
8615:
8603:
8599:
8597:0-664-22179-3
8593:
8589:
8588:
8582:
8570:
8566:
8560:
8556:
8552:
8547:
8535:
8531:
8525:
8521:
8520:
8514:
8510:
8504:
8500:
8496:
8491:
8488:
8484:
8482:0-8028-2530-3
8478:
8473:
8472:
8465:
8461:
8455:
8451:
8450:
8444:
8432:
8428:
8422:
8418:
8417:
8411:
8408:
8404:
8400:
8396:
8392:
8388:
8384:
8380:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8365:
8358:
8346:
8342:
8336:
8332:
8328:
8323:
8319:
8313:
8309:
8308:
8302:
8298:
8296:0-19-516768-6
8292:
8288:
8287:
8282:
8278:
8266:
8262:
8256:
8252:
8251:
8245:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8215:
8210:
8195:
8191:
8187:
8180:
8178:
8171:
8159:
8155:
8149:
8145:
8141:
8140:"Translation"
8136:
8132:
8130:0-8147-2668-2
8126:
8122:
8118:
8114:
8110:
8106:
8100:
8096:
8092:
8088:
8076:
8072:
8066:
8062:
8058:
8053:
8049:
8043:
8039:
8038:
8032:
8028:
8026:90-04-11658-3
8022:
8018:
8017:
8011:
8007:
8006:
8000:
7997:
7993:
7989:
7985:
7981:
7969:
7965:
7959:
7955:
7954:
7948:
7936:
7932:
7926:
7922:
7918:
7913:
7901:
7897:
7891:
7887:
7883:
7878:
7866:
7862:
7856:
7852:
7851:
7845:
7841:
7837:
7830:
7825:
7813:
7809:
7803:
7799:
7798:
7792:
7788:
7786:9780830875603
7782:
7778:
7777:
7772:
7768:
7764:
7758:
7753:
7752:
7745:
7733:
7729:
7723:
7719:
7718:
7712:
7708:
7702:
7698:
7697:
7691:
7687:
7683:
7679:
7674:
7662:
7658:
7656:0-253-21271-5
7652:
7648:
7647:
7641:
7629:
7625:
7619:
7615:
7614:
7608:
7604:
7602:0-226-45238-7
7598:
7593:
7592:
7585:
7573:
7569:
7563:
7559:
7555:
7550:
7538:
7534:
7528:
7524:
7523:
7517:
7505:
7501:
7495:
7491:
7487:
7482:
7478:
7472:
7468:
7463:
7459:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7444:
7440:
7436:
7431:
7427:
7423:
7419:
7414:
7410:
7404:
7400:
7399:
7393:
7389:
7384:
7372:
7368:
7366:90-04-10669-3
7362:
7358:
7357:
7351:
7339:
7335:
7329:
7325:
7324:
7318:
7314:
7308:
7304:
7300:
7295:
7291:
7287:
7283:
7278:
7266:
7262:
7256:
7252:
7251:
7245:
7241:
7237:
7233:
7229:
7225:
7221:
7216:
7204:
7200:
7194:
7190:
7186:
7181:
7177:
7175:9780300188271
7171:
7167:
7166:
7161:
7157:
7153:
7147:
7143:
7138:
7135:
7129:
7125:
7121:
7116:
7112:
7110:0-8028-2521-4
7106:
7102:
7101:
7095:
7091:
7087:
7082:
7079:
7075:
7069:
7065:
7060:
7056:
7050:
7046:
7045:
7039:
7035:
7033:9780979451492
7029:
7025:
7024:
7018:
7006:
7002:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6983:
6980:
6974:
6970:
6966:Reprinted in
6963:
6959:
6958:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6937:
6933:
6929:
6927:0-02-865943-0
6923:
6919:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6896:
6892:
6890:0-19-826733-9
6886:
6882:
6881:
6875:
6871:
6869:0-8010-2182-0
6865:
6861:
6857:
6853:
6849:
6844:
6840:
6835:
6823:
6820:(1): 18, 60.
6819:
6815:
6811:
6806:
6802:
6797:
6793:
6787:
6783:
6779:
6774:
6770:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6751:
6747:
6741:
6737:
6733:
6729:
6725:
6720:
6716:
6710:
6706:
6705:
6699:
6695:
6690:
6686:
6684:0-674-09176-0
6680:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6654:
6650:
6646:
6645:
6639:
6635:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6613:
6607:
6603:
6599:
6595:
6591:
6586:
6582:
6577:
6573:
6571:0-664-22071-1
6567:
6563:
6562:
6556:
6553:
6551:0-7864-0552-X
6547:
6543:
6540:, Jefferson:
6539:
6538:
6532:
6528:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6510:
6506:
6500:
6496:
6495:
6489:
6485:
6483:0-567-08915-0
6479:
6475:
6471:
6467:
6463:
6459:
6454:
6450:
6444:
6440:
6439:
6433:
6429:
6423:
6419:
6418:
6412:
6408:
6402:
6398:
6397:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6382:9781585585397
6378:
6374:
6373:
6367:
6363:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6335:0-393-33393-0
6331:
6327:
6326:
6321:
6320:Alter, Robert
6317:
6313:
6307:
6303:
6302:
6297:
6296:Alter, Robert
6293:
6292:
6281:, p. 28.
6280:
6275:
6269:, p. 11.
6268:
6267:Levenson 2004
6263:
6256:
6251:
6244:
6243:Andersen 1987
6239:
6232:
6227:
6220:
6215:
6208:
6203:
6196:
6195:Erickson 1998
6191:
6184:
6179:
6172:
6167:
6160:
6155:
6148:
6143:
6136:
6131:
6124:
6119:
6113:, p. 10.
6112:
6107:
6100:
6095:
6093:
6085:
6080:
6073:
6068:
6061:
6056:
6050:, p. 37.
6049:
6044:
6037:
6032:
6025:
6024:Hastings 2003
6020:
6013:
6008:
6002:, p. 20.
6001:
5996:
5990:, p. 22.
5989:
5984:
5977:
5972:
5970:
5962:
5957:
5950:
5945:
5939:, p. 21.
5938:
5933:
5926:
5921:
5915:, p. 33.
5914:
5913:Davidson 1973
5909:
5902:
5897:
5890:
5885:
5879:, p. 17.
5878:
5873:
5867:, p. 19.
5866:
5861:
5855:, p. 29.
5854:
5853:Davidson 1973
5849:
5843:, p. 15.
5842:
5841:Levenson 2004
5837:
5831:, p. 31.
5830:
5829:Davidson 1973
5825:
5818:
5813:
5806:
5805:Andersen 1987
5801:
5795:, p. 22.
5794:
5789:
5782:
5777:
5770:
5765:
5758:
5753:
5751:
5743:
5738:
5732:
5727:
5721:, p. 78.
5720:
5715:
5709:, p. 13.
5708:
5703:
5696:
5695:Rogerson 1991
5691:
5684:
5679:
5672:
5667:
5660:
5655:
5648:
5643:
5637:, p. 13.
5636:
5631:
5625:, p. 24.
5624:
5619:
5612:
5611:Hamilton 1990
5607:
5601:, p. 14.
5600:
5599:Levenson 2004
5595:
5589:, p. 24.
5588:
5587:Davidson 1973
5583:
5576:
5571:
5565:
5560:
5553:
5548:
5542:
5537:
5530:
5525:
5518:
5517:Bandstra 2008
5513:
5507:, p. 57.
5506:
5501:
5494:
5493:Hamilton 1990
5489:
5482:
5477:
5470:
5465:
5459:
5454:
5447:
5442:
5435:
5434:Kissling 2004
5430:
5424:, p. 41.
5423:
5422:Bandstra 2008
5418:
5412:
5407:
5401:, p. 29.
5400:
5395:
5388:
5383:
5376:
5371:
5364:
5359:
5352:
5351:Hamilton 1990
5347:
5341:, p. 13.
5340:
5335:
5328:
5323:
5317:
5312:
5306:, p. 31.
5305:
5300:
5294:, p. 12.
5293:
5288:
5282:, p. 74.
5281:
5276:
5269:
5264:
5262:
5255:, p. 79.
5254:
5249:
5243:, p. 39.
5242:
5241:Bandstra 2008
5237:
5231:, p. 26.
5230:
5225:
5219:
5214:
5207:
5202:
5196:, p. 23.
5195:
5190:
5183:
5178:
5171:
5166:
5159:
5154:
5147:
5142:
5136:, p. 33.
5135:
5130:
5123:
5118:
5111:
5110:Thompson 1980
5106:
5100:, p. 17.
5099:
5094:
5087:
5082:
5075:
5070:
5063:
5058:
5051:
5046:
5040:, p. 42.
5039:
5034:
5032:
5030:
5023:, p. 43.
5022:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5004:, p. 72.
5003:
4998:
4992:, p. 30.
4991:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4975:, p. 37.
4974:
4969:
4962:
4957:
4950:
4945:
4938:
4933:
4926:
4925:Bandstra 2008
4921:
4914:
4909:
4903:, p. 69.
4902:
4897:
4890:
4885:
4879:, p. 13.
4878:
4877:Levenson 2004
4873:
4866:
4861:
4855:, p. 74.
4854:
4849:
4842:
4837:
4830:
4825:
4818:
4813:
4807:, p. 35.
4806:
4805:Fishbane 2003
4801:
4794:
4793:Fishbane 2003
4789:
4782:
4777:
4770:
4765:
4763:
4755:
4750:
4743:
4738:
4732:, p. 24.
4731:
4726:
4719:
4714:
4707:
4702:
4700:
4692:
4687:
4681:, p. 28.
4680:
4675:
4669:, p. 53.
4668:
4663:
4661:
4653:
4648:
4641:
4636:
4629:
4624:
4618:, p. 35.
4617:
4612:
4605:
4600:
4593:
4588:
4582:, p. 34.
4581:
4576:
4569:
4564:
4557:
4552:
4545:
4540:
4533:
4528:
4521:
4520:Levenson 2004
4516:
4514:
4506:
4501:
4494:
4489:
4482:
4477:
4470:
4465:
4458:
4453:
4446:
4441:
4434:
4429:
4427:
4419:
4414:
4407:
4402:
4395:
4390:
4384:, p. 41.
4383:
4378:
4371:
4366:
4360:, p. 44.
4359:
4354:
4347:
4342:
4336:, p. 43.
4335:
4330:
4323:
4318:
4311:
4306:
4299:
4294:
4287:
4282:
4275:
4270:
4263:
4258:
4251:
4246:
4239:
4234:
4227:
4222:
4215:
4210:
4204:, p. 37.
4203:
4198:
4191:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4173:, p. 50.
4172:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4154:, p. 37.
4153:
4148:
4146:
4139:, p. 37.
4138:
4137:Bandstra 2008
4133:
4127:, p. 71.
4126:
4121:
4119:
4112:, p. 48.
4111:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4092:
4087:
4085:
4077:
4072:
4070:
4063:, p. 13.
4062:
4057:
4055:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4027:, p. 9).
4026:
4025:Levenson 2004
4020:
4013:
4008:
4007:
4001:
3995:
3988:
3983:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3954:
3950:
3949:David M. Carr
3945:
3938:
3933:
3926:
3920:
3913:
3909:
3906:According to
3903:
3895:
3891:
3886:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3840:
3833:
3827:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3798:Ehrman (2021)
3796:
3793:
3792:Ehrman (2024)
3790:
3789:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3768:
3767:Hamilton 1990
3764:
3763:Dolansky 2016
3758:
3753:
3752:
3745:
3741:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3675:Eridu Genesis
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3588:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3570:. Scholar of
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3534:
3529:
3527:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3463:
3461:
3460:Gordon Wenham
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3444:Henri Blocher
3441:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3429:Church Father
3426:
3422:
3412:
3403:
3399:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3380:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3365:(Birds/Fish)
3364:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3345:(Luminaries)
3344:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3303:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3278:
3277:, and so on.
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3220:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3192:
3188:
3180:
3176:
3168:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3148:‘êzer kəneḡdō
3141:
3137:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3105:Good and evil
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3033:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2970:
2960:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2911:
2910:Lucas Cranach
2907:
2903:
2894:
2873:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2852:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2707:
2702:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2671:
2664:
2660:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2636:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2564:
2557:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2488:
2480:
2475:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2397:
2374:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2348:
2338:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2301:
2299:
2293:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2261:R. N. Whybray
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2110:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2050:
2045:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2007:Jeremiah 4:23
2003:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1976:תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ
1971:
1970:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1908:R. N. Whybray
1904:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1863:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1819:
1818:numerological
1814:
1812:
1798:
1797:William Blake
1794:
1793:
1788:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1675:creative word
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1482:Panbabylonism
1474:
1465:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1445:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1398:
1393:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1373:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1206:(history) or
1205:
1204:non-fictional
1201:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1071:creation myth
1068:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
990:
987:
986:
985:
984:
980:
979:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
964:
963:
959:
958:
955:
954:
950:
949:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
929:
927:
926:
923:
920:
919:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
902:Flood geology
900:
898:
895:
894:
892:
891:
888:
885:
884:
879:
876:
875:
869:
866:
864:
861:
860:
859:
856:
855:
853:
852:
849:
846:
845:
840:
837:
836:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
815:
812:
811:
807:
804:
803:
802:
801:
798:
795:
794:
791:
788:
787:
783:
779:
778:
775:
772:
771:
767:
763:
762:
752:
747:
745:
740:
738:
733:
732:
730:
729:
726:
715:
712:
711:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
691:
690:Infallibility
688:
686:
683:
682:
675:
672:
671:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
654:
653:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
589:Homosexuality
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
542:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
519:
516:
515:
509:
508:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
465:
464:
461:
458:
457:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
436:
432:
430:
427:
425:
424:
420:
419:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
401:
399:
396:
394:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
374:
372:
371:
366:
361:
360:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
326:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
291:
284:
280:
277:
276:
272:
271:
264:
261:
260:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
224:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
206:
198:
195:
194:
190:
189:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
148:
145:
143:
140:
139:
134:
131:
129:
126:
125:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
103:
100:
99:
91:
88:
87:
83:
82:
78:
74:
73:
70:
67:
66:
62:
58:
57:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
27:
19:
12502:Adam and Eve
12445:Christianity
12378:Created kind
12339:
12327:
12201:Adam and Eve
12177:
12094:Ystorya Adaf
12092:
12085:
12036:
12020:Holly Bibble
11968:The Visitors
11966:
11959:
11952:
11936:The Real Eve
11934:
11884:
11876:
11868:
11789:
11783:Adam and Eve
11781:
11773:
11767:Adam and Eve
11765:
11759:Adam and Eve
11757:
11749:
11741:
11733:
11725:
11717:
11709:
11701:
11693:
11687:Adam and Eve
11685:
11677:
11671:Adam and Eve
11669:
11663:Adam and Eve
11661:
11653:
11645:
11637:
11631:Adam and Eve
11629:
11621:
11613:
11605:
11597:
11566:
11558:
11550:
11542:
11534:
11526:
11504:
11486:
11479:
11472:
11466:
11452:
11445:
11406:
11398:
11390:
11382:
11369:The Creation
11367:
11361:Compositions
11348:
11340:
11332:
11324:
11305:
11297:
11289:
11281:
11262:
11256:Adam and Dog
11254:
11246:
11238:
11232:The Last Eve
11230:
11222:
11214:
11206:
11198:
11190:
11182:
11174:
11166:
11158:
11150:
11142:
11134:
11104:Serpent seed
11038:Tree of life
10956:Original sin
10864:
10851:Adam and Eve
10759:
10692:(41:1–44:17)
10686:(37:1–40:23)
10680:(32:4–36:43)
10674:(28:10–32:3)
10668:(25:19–28:9)
10662:(23:1–25:18)
10660:Chayei Sarah
10656:(18:1–22:24)
10650:(12:1–17:27)
10469:Curse of Ham
10419:Adam and Eve
10412:
10390:
10339:The Creation
10337:
10333:Cosmic ocean
10295:Adam and Eve
10272:Image of God
10250:Tohu wa-bohu
10248:
10191:
10142:
10046:Noted verses
9960:, retrieved
9956:the original
9951:
9936:
9752:. Retrieved
9733:
9717:. Retrieved
9698:
9682:. Retrieved
9662:
9642:
9623:
9611:. Retrieved
9591:
9575:. Retrieved
9555:
9542:. Retrieved
9522:
9509:. Retrieved
9489:
9476:. Retrieved
9456:
9443:. Retrieved
9424:Genesis 1–11
9423:
9402:
9389:. Retrieved
9373:. Eerdmans.
9369:
9359:
9347:
9335:. Retrieved
9316:
9300:. Retrieved
9280:
9264:. Retrieved
9244:
9228:. Retrieved
9208:
9195:. Retrieved
9182:
9169:. Retrieved
9149:
9136:. Retrieved
9116:
9100:. Retrieved
9080:
9059:
9043:. Retrieved
9023:
9010:. Retrieved
8990:
8968:. Retrieved
8963:
8957:
8941:. Retrieved
8921:
8908:. Retrieved
8889:
8857:
8831:Genesis 1–15
8830:
8815:. Retrieved
8799:. Eerdmans.
8796:
8783:
8771:
8759:. Retrieved
8739:
8716:
8692:
8669:
8655:the original
8650:
8646:
8619:
8606:. Retrieved
8586:
8573:. Retrieved
8554:
8538:. Retrieved
8518:
8498:
8486:
8470:
8448:
8435:. Retrieved
8415:
8406:
8378:
8374:
8368:. Doubleday.
8363:
8349:. Retrieved
8330:
8306:
8285:
8269:. Retrieved
8249:
8236:. Retrieved
8229:the original
8224:
8220:
8201:. Retrieved
8194:the original
8189:
8185:
8176:
8162:. Retrieved
8143:
8120:
8094:
8079:. Retrieved
8060:
8037:Genesis 1–11
8036:
8015:
8004:
7988:Random House
7986:, New York:
7983:
7972:. Retrieved
7952:
7939:. Retrieved
7920:
7904:. Retrieved
7885:
7869:. Retrieved
7849:
7839:
7835:
7816:. Retrieved
7796:
7775:
7750:
7736:. Retrieved
7716:
7695:
7677:
7665:. Retrieved
7645:
7632:. Retrieved
7612:
7590:
7576:. Retrieved
7557:
7541:. Retrieved
7521:
7508:. Retrieved
7489:
7466:
7455:
7445:(2): 146–57.
7442:
7438:
7397:
7387:
7375:. Retrieved
7355:
7342:. Retrieved
7322:
7302:
7289:
7285:
7269:. Retrieved
7249:
7223:
7219:
7207:. Retrieved
7191:. Eerdmans.
7188:
7164:
7141:
7119:
7099:
7090:Answers book
7089:
7077:
7063:
7043:
7022:
7009:. Retrieved
6990:
6975:, Third mill
6972:
6961:
6955:
6916:
6912:"Pentateuch"
6899:. Retrieved
6879:
6859:
6826:. Retrieved
6817:
6813:
6800:
6781:
6758:
6727:
6704:Genesis 1–11
6703:
6693:
6674:
6643:
6623:
6601:
6589:
6580:
6560:
6536:
6516:
6493:
6473:
6470:Berry, R. J.
6461:
6437:
6416:
6395:
6371:
6351:
6324:
6300:
6274:
6262:
6250:
6238:
6226:
6214:
6202:
6190:
6183:Batten et al
6178:
6166:
6154:
6142:
6130:
6118:
6106:
6101:, p. 6.
6086:, p. 9.
6079:
6067:
6055:
6043:
6031:
6019:
6007:
5995:
5983:
5961:Collins 2006
5956:
5949:Collins 2006
5944:
5932:
5920:
5908:
5896:
5884:
5872:
5860:
5848:
5836:
5824:
5812:
5800:
5788:
5781:Collins 2006
5776:
5764:
5737:
5726:
5719:Collins 2006
5714:
5702:
5690:
5678:
5671:Collins 2006
5666:
5654:
5642:
5630:
5618:
5606:
5594:
5582:
5570:
5559:
5547:
5536:
5524:
5512:
5505:Collins 2006
5500:
5488:
5476:
5464:
5453:
5441:
5429:
5417:
5406:
5399:Wenham 2003a
5394:
5382:
5370:
5358:
5346:
5334:
5322:
5311:
5299:
5287:
5280:Longman 2005
5275:
5248:
5236:
5224:
5213:
5201:
5189:
5177:
5165:
5153:
5141:
5129:
5117:
5105:
5093:
5088:, p. 8.
5081:
5074:Whybray 2001
5069:
5057:
5045:
5038:Whybray 2001
5021:Whybray 2001
4997:
4968:
4961:Tsumura 2022
4956:
4944:
4937:Longman 2005
4932:
4920:
4913:Longman 2005
4908:
4896:
4884:
4872:
4867:, p. 6.
4860:
4848:
4836:
4824:
4819:, p. 2.
4812:
4800:
4788:
4776:
4771:, p. 4.
4749:
4737:
4730:Soskice 2010
4725:
4713:
4691:Parrish 1990
4686:
4674:
4652:Seidman 2010
4647:
4635:
4623:
4611:
4599:
4587:
4575:
4563:
4551:
4539:
4532:Leeming 2004
4527:
4522:, p. 9.
4505:Lambert 1965
4500:
4488:
4476:
4464:
4457:Collins 2006
4452:
4445:Collins 2006
4440:
4413:
4401:
4394:Gmirkin 2006
4389:
4382:Whybray 2001
4377:
4370:Collins 2006
4365:
4358:Collins 2006
4353:
4346:Collins 2006
4341:
4334:Collins 2006
4329:
4322:Collins 2006
4317:
4305:
4298:Deretic 2020
4293:
4286:Webster 1984
4281:
4269:
4257:
4250:Spencer 2018
4245:
4233:
4228:, p. 2.
4221:
4216:, p. 3.
4209:
4202:Wenham 2003b
4197:
4132:
4125:Collins 2018
4091:Speiser 1964
4041:
4019:
3994:
3982:
3975:Collins 2006
3944:
3932:
3919:
3908:Cotter (2003
3902:
3885:
3872:
3863:
3826:
3815:
3808:Evangelicals
3756:
3749:
3744:
3593:Conrad Hyers
3590:
3585:
3552:Bruce Waltke
3538:
3530:
3523:
3510:Wayne Grudem
3495:
3478:creationists
3474:literalistic
3470:
3465:
3452:Bruce Waltke
3418:
3409:
3401:
3388:
3370:
3362:
3350:
3342:
3330:
3323:
3320:Second triad
3319:
3318:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3300:
3284:
3252:
3246:
3238:, 1472–1553)
3231:
3213:on the word
3190:
3186:
3178:
3174:
3166:
3164:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3140:ezer kenegdo
3139:
3133:
3129:Genesis 1:28
3121:Genesis 2:18
3118:
3082:
3046:
3039:
3036:tree of life
3029:
3013:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2968:
2966:
2940:
2923:cosmic ocean
2915:
2906:The Creation
2905:
2875:
2870:
2858:
2854:
2833:
2829:tohu wa-bohu
2827:
2824:Israel Knohl
2820:Genesis 1:31
2817:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2729:image of God
2726:
2705:
2703:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2622:
2616:
2582:
2559:
2554:
2544:
2529:
2521:moon deities
2490:
2485:
2464:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2429:
2398:
2359:
2354:
2331:
2317:
2302:
2295:
2290:
2271:
2269:
2258:
2238:
2185:
2166:
2163:Jean Colombe
2149:
2136:
2134:
2124:ruach elohim
2121:
2113:
2105:
2093:2 Kings 3:15
2072:
2059:
2055:tohu wa-bohu
2025:
2024:". The word
2021:
2017:
2015:
1996:
1969:tohu wa-bohu
1960:
1928:
1896:
1859:
1830:Exodus 35–40
1823:
1815:
1807:
1790:
1769:
1749:sea monsters
1741:Job 26:12–13
1726:
1719:
1709:
1697:
1695:
1682:
1659:God's Wisdom
1647:E.A. Speiser
1644:
1626:Genesis 2–11
1619:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1583:
1571:
1568:cosmic ocean
1559:
1557:
1513:
1511:
1509:neighbors.
1489:
1459:
1450:
1433:
1418:
1407:
1376:
1369:
1348:
1344:Hebrew Bible
1336:
1325:
1306:
1284:
1264:
1235:
1232:
1216:
1197:
1130:
1091:
1079:Christianity
1066:
1064:
960:Non-creation
897:Created kind
862:
657:Perspectives
518:Hermeneutics
433:
421:
341:Luther Bible
336:Gothic Bible
325:Vetus Latina
323:
279:Translations
219:Hebrew canon
147:Antilegomena
142:Deuterocanon
52:(1836-1902).
50:James Tissot
46:The Creation
45:
38:
26:
12557:Mythography
12537:Creationism
12168:Creationism
12144:Creationism
12056:Pre-Adamite
11909:Tomb of Eve
11730:(1692–1696)
11552:Eve's Diary
10951:Fall of man
10776:Manuscripts
10644:(6:9–11:32)
10457:Sons of God
10453:(6:1–9:28)
10426:Fall of man
10152:Creationism
10053:Genesis 1:1
9997:Smithsonian
9962:22 February
9754:11 November
9719:11 November
9684:11 November
9613:11 November
9577:11 November
9544:11 November
9511:11 November
9478:11 November
9445:11 November
9391:11 November
9337:29 December
9302:11 November
9266:11 November
9171:11 November
9102:11 November
9045:11 November
9012:11 November
8970:19 February
8943:11 November
8910:11 November
8817:11 November
8575:11 November
8540:11 November
8437:11 November
8419:. Peeters.
8351:11 November
8271:11 November
8238:11 December
8203:11 December
8164:11 November
8081:11 November
8057:"Cosmology"
8008:. Eerdmans.
7941:11 November
7906:11 November
7871:11 November
7818:11 November
7667:11 November
7634:11 November
7578:11 November
7543:11 November
7510:11 November
7486:"Cosmology"
7460:(48): 2–15.
7377:11 November
7344:11 November
7271:11 November
7209:11 November
6901:11 November
6255:Waltke 1991
6207:Grudem 2020
6147:Wenham 1987
6135:McCabe 2005
6072:Katsos 2023
6048:Jacobs 2007
6036:Kramer 1963
6000:Turner 2009
5742:Walton 2006
5683:Walton 2001
5575:Walton 2001
5552:Walton 2003
5529:Walton 2003
5481:Walton 2001
5446:Walton 2001
5387:Walton 2001
5375:Knight 1990
5363:Seeley 1991
5327:Walton 2001
5268:Walton 2003
5253:Walton 2001
5229:Arnold 1998
5194:Arnold 1998
5170:Walton 2001
5146:Walton 2001
5122:Walton 2001
5062:Walton 2001
5050:Walton 2006
5002:Walton 2001
4901:Walton 2001
4865:Wenham 1987
4829:Hutton 2007
4754:Walton 2006
4679:Kaiser 1997
4667:Wright 2002
4493:Thomas 2011
4418:Ehrman 2021
4310:Cotter 2003
4274:Harmon 2012
4226:Turner 2009
4152:Davies 2001
3832:Deuteronomy
3700:Ningishzida
3580:historicity
3564:young earth
3548:evangelical
3353:(Sky/Water)
3310:First triad
3275:Bonaventure
2977:Genesis 2:6
2947:Genesis 2:4
2670:nepeš ḥayya
2623:Enuma Elish
2563:nepeš ḥayya
2333:manipulator
2322:Nahum Sarna
2318:Enuma Elish
2298:omnipotence
2280:sons of God
2272:Enuma Elish
2171: [
2137:Enuma Elish
2097:Holy Spirit
2060:Enuma Elish
1862:Genesis 1:1
1842:creator god
1767:(Dragon).
1745:personified
1733:Isaiah 27:1
1635:immortality
1615:Genesis 4:1
1606:Genesis 2:6
1602:Enuma Elish
1598:Enuma Elish
1584:Enuma Elish
1572:Enuma Elish
1560:Enuma Elish
1539:of the god
1515:Enuma Elish
1436:Genesis 2:4
1366:Two stories
1249:Genesis 1:6
1171:Composition
1163:and denies
829:progressive
806:Young Earth
774:Creationism
555:Inspiration
393:Historicity
351:by language
283:manuscripts
12542:Enūma Eliš
12491:Categories
12226:Noah's Ark
11978:Television
11419:Literature
10998:Adam's ale
10678:Vayishlach
10648:Lech-Lecha
10560:(32:22–32)
10462:Noah's Ark
10288:Characters
9971:teaching).
9230:2 February
9197:2 February
9138:2 February
8966:(1): 42–45
8761:2 February
8713:"Creation"
8608:2 February
8104:0873341775
7974:2 February
7917:"Creation"
7738:2 February
6828:22 January
6279:Hyers 1984
6171:Berry 2003
6123:Young 1988
6099:Kline 1996
5988:Alter 2004
5937:Alter 2004
5925:Kline 2016
5889:Propp 1990
5877:Kooij 2010
5865:Kline 2016
5817:Alter 2004
5769:Kline 2016
5707:Knohl 2003
5659:Kline 2016
5647:Alter 2004
5635:Kline 2016
5469:Walsh 2001
5339:Sarna 1966
5292:Sarna 1966
5182:Hayes 2012
5098:Alter 2004
4973:Hayes 2012
4853:Hyers 1984
4841:Sarna 1966
4817:Sarna 1966
4604:Hayes 2012
4556:Hayes 2012
4544:Smith 2001
4481:Cross 1973
4433:Alter 1981
4214:Coats 1983
4171:Sarna 1997
4061:Baden 2012
4034:References
4012:Hayes 2012
3953:omnipotent
3615:Anno Mundi
3597:literalist
3560:gap theory
3508:, such as
3498:James Barr
3456:Pentateuch
3404:(Sabbath)
3254:Hexaemeron
2975:);
2809:vegetarian
2652:Grão Vasco
2523:. Indeed,
2509:Tabernacle
2421:underworld
1926:material.
1826:Tabernacle
1804:Background
1705:Maimonides
1622:Atra-Hasis
1549:Baal Cycle
1480:See also:
1293:See also:
1279:creativity
1275:liturgical
1271:aesthetics
1227:narratives
1214:, myth).
1165:polytheism
1161:monotheism
1133:Pentateuch
1116:) creates
560:Literalism
470:Historical
377:Archeology
314:Septuagint
209:Authorship
197:Authorship
11897:Geography
11714:(c. 1650)
11690:(c. 1550)
11474:Genesis B
11468:Genesis A
11376:structure
11089:Endowment
10888:Offspring
10638:(1:1–6:8)
10526:(19:1–28)
10514:(14:1–17)
10471:(9:20–27)
10227:Firmament
9952:This rock
9878:Chapter 2
9875:Chapter 1
9869:Chapter 2
9866:Chapter 1
9860:Chapter 2
9857:Chapter 1
9851:Chapter 2
9848:Chapter 1
9842:Chapter 2
9839:Chapter 1
9826:Chapter 2
9816:Chapter 1
9810:Chapter 3
9807:Chapter 2
9804:Chapter 1
9791:Chapter 2
9781:Chapter 1
9695:"Genesis"
8793:"Genesis"
8501:. BRILL.
8403:149826920
8395:1384-5748
8310:. Brill.
8019:. Brill.
7996:74-129225
7560:. Brill.
7359:. Brill.
6936:774684287
6219:Wood 1990
6012:Garr 2012
4742:Nebe 2002
4706:Aune 2003
4640:Carr 1996
3966:Carr 1996
3962:Carr 1996
3958:Carr 1996
3925:Carr 1996
3897:mythical.
3748:The term
3685:Hexameron
3568:evolution
3423:and some
3287:structure
3144:עזר כנגדו
3065:nehushtan
3032:fertility
2756:Psalm 8:5
2751:on Earth;
2609:Isaiah 27
2601:Leviathan
2534:, as the
2481:(c. 1411)
2416:flat disc
2362:firmament
2165:from the
1757:Leviathan
1710:ex nihilo
1700:ex nihilo
1687:firmament
1673:with the
1641:Cosmology
1613:when, in
1580:theomachy
1536:firmament
1245:firmament
1208:fictional
1200:narrative
1180:Cuneiform
981:Evolution
814:Old Earth
685:Inerrancy
495:Canonical
490:Redaction
382:Artifacts
163:Apocrypha
92:and books
12383:Nephilim
11994:" (1963)
11854:" (1979)
11847:" (1970)
11840:" (1968)
11833:" (1956)
11826:" (1915)
11819:" (1835)
11318:Musicals
11240:Year One
11208:Adipapam
11079:Al-A'raf
11028:Shamsiel
10986:Fig leaf
10738:Analysis
10719:Priestly
10696:Vayigash
10684:Vayeshev
10636:Bereshit
10566:and the
10546:his sons
10483:(11:1–9)
10143:Creation
9969:Catholic
9914:Archived
9829:Archived
9819:Archived
9794:Archived
9784:Archived
9748:Archived
9713:Archived
9678:Archived
9607:Archived
9571:Archived
9538:Archived
9505:Archived
9472:Archived
9439:Archived
9385:Archived
9358:(1956).
9331:Archived
9296:Archived
9278:(1963).
9260:Archived
9242:(1963).
9224:Archived
9191:Archived
9165:Archived
9132:Archived
9114:(2000).
9096:Archived
9039:Archived
9006:Archived
8937:Archived
8904:Archived
8829:(1987).
8811:Archived
8755:Archived
8737:(2006).
8690:(2001).
8602:Archived
8569:Archived
8534:Archived
8471:Jeremiah
8431:Archived
8345:Archived
8283:(2001).
8265:Archived
8158:Archived
8115:(1997).
8093:(1966).
8075:Archived
7990:, 1979,
7968:Archived
7935:Archived
7900:Archived
7865:Archived
7842:: 19–67.
7812:Archived
7773:(2005).
7732:Archived
7686:23959032
7661:Archived
7628:Archived
7572:Archived
7537:Archived
7504:Archived
7371:Archived
7338:Archived
7265:Archived
7240:27638435
7203:Archived
7162:(2012).
7011:10 March
7005:Archived
6969:"Part 1"
6895:Archived
6858:(1998).
6822:Archived
6669:(1973).
6600:(2018).
6515:(1984).
6472:(2003).
6346:(1987).
6322:(2004).
6298:(1981).
6159:Ham 2007
5086:Day 2014
4949:Day 2021
4781:May 2004
4769:Day 2014
4406:Ska 2006
3603:See also
3550:scholar
3545:Reformed
3487:Psalm 19
3458:scholar
3185:
3173:
3146:
2998:
2951:chiasmus
2943:pericope
2934:and the
2708:make man
2605:Psalm 74
2578:blessing
2018:darkness
1899:John Day
1771:Psalm 74
1698:creatio
1679:John 1:1
1576:theogony
1359:law code
1351:Persians
1255:and the
1223:folklore
1073:of both
1002:Catholic
997:Buddhist
766:a series
764:Part of
634:Violence
619:Serpents
609:Prophecy
604:Muhammad
319:Peshitta
309:Targumim
61:a series
59:Part of
12481:Judaism
12419:Portals
12356:Related
12313:Outline
12151:General
11918:Biology
11722:(1660s)
11372:(1798)
11264:Tropico
10936:Jumella
10867:in the
10729:Elohist
10724:Jahwist
10712:Sources
10702:Vayechi
10672:Vayetze
10666:Toledot
10654:Vayeira
10570:(37–50)
10548:(25–50)
10532:(21–35)
10503:(12–23)
10501:Abraham
10494:(12–50)
10316:Related
10236:Phrases
10038:Genesis
9981:YouTube
8670:Genesis
8519:Genesis
8364:Genesis
7124:Longman
6644:Genesis
6288:Sources
3333:(Light)
3175:’iš-šāh
3152:Kəneḡdō
3069:cherubs
3014:nephesh
3010:נֶ֫פֶשׁ
3005:nephesh
2979:of the
2783:ha-adam
2749:viceroy
2633:polemic
2611::1 and
2507:in the
2505:menorah
2373:šamayim
2101:Trinity
1924:chaotic
1811:Sabbath
1545:Babylon
1453:toledot
1332:Jahwist
1186:in the
1137:Jahwist
1110:Jahwist
1075:Judaism
1069:is the
1012:Islamic
932:History
819:day-age
790:History
674:Quranic
669:Islamic
664:Gnostic
639:Warfare
629:Slavery
569:Alcohol
531:Midrash
475:Textual
331:Vulgate
117:Ketuvim
112:Nevi'im
12041:(2002)
11987:(1992)
11889:(2010)
11881:(2006)
11873:(1996)
11862:Albums
11794:(1958)
11786:(1932)
11778:(1931)
11770:(1909)
11762:(1905)
11754:(1888)
11746:(1828)
11706:(1628)
11698:(1617)
11682:(1550)
11674:(1550)
11666:(1528)
11650:(1516)
11642:(1512)
11634:(1507)
11626:(1504)
11618:(1482)
11602:(1425)
11588:(1015)
11571:(2017)
11563:(2009)
11555:(1905)
11547:(1904)
11539:(1805)
11531:(1667)
11411:(2001)
11408:Lilith
11403:(1945)
11395:(1875)
11387:(1809)
11353:(1991)
11345:(1973)
11337:(1972)
11329:(1966)
11310:(1972)
11302:(1861)
11294:(1808)
11267:(2013)
11259:(2011)
11251:(2011)
11243:(2009)
11235:(2005)
11227:(2000)
11219:(1992)
11211:(1988)
11203:(1984)
11195:(1984)
11187:(1984)
11179:(1969)
11171:(1960)
11163:(1948)
11155:(1937)
11147:(1934)
11139:(1921)
11033:Lilith
11008:Camael
10916:Luluwa
10912:Aclima
10858:Source
10690:Miketz
10564:Joseph
10406:(1–11)
10212:Heaven
10102:Elohim
9740:
9705:
9670:
9649:
9630:
9599:
9563:
9530:
9497:
9464:
9431:
9410:
9377:
9323:
9288:
9252:
9216:
9157:
9124:
9088:
9067:
9031:
8998:
8929:
8896:
8873:
8841:
8803:
8747:
8723:
8700:
8676:
8627:
8594:
8561:
8526:
8505:
8479:
8456:
8423:
8401:
8393:
8337:
8314:
8293:
8257:
8150:
8127:
8101:
8067:
8044:
8023:
7994:
7960:
7927:
7892:
7857:
7804:
7783:
7759:
7724:
7703:
7684:
7653:
7620:
7599:
7564:
7529:
7496:
7473:
7405:
7363:
7330:
7309:
7257:
7238:
7195:
7172:
7148:
7130:
7107:
7070:
7051:
7030:
6997:
6979:part 2
6934:
6924:
6887:
6866:
6788:
6765:
6742:
6711:
6681:
6655:
6630:
6608:
6568:
6548:
6523:
6501:
6480:
6445:
6424:
6403:
6379:
6358:
6332:
6308:
4000:Elohim
3531:While
3207:Nin-ti
3191:Ḥawwāh
3138:to be
3109:merism
3049:Temple
2992:yatsar
2912:, 1534
2710:
2686:behema
2628:tannin
2595:named
2587:tannin
2391:heaven
2335:
2276:Job 38
2265:
2230:Day 6
2224:Day 3
2216:Day 5
2210:Day 2
2202:Day 4
2199:light
2196:Day 1
2116:elohim
2068:Marduk
2064:Tiamat
2039:תְהוֹם
2011:Israel
1997:bahiya
1993:Arabic
1963:merism
1892:
1838:Yahweh
1765:Tannin
1667:Spirit
1651:Yahweh
1592:slaves
1588:amoral
1532:Marduk
1528:Tiamat
1518:, the
1462:cosmos
1448:תולדות
1444:Hebrew
1379:Elohim
1301:, and
1261:cattle
1212:legend
1114:Yahweh
1098:Elohim
1022:Mormon
1017:Jewish
599:Incest
579:Ethics
536:Pardes
526:Pesher
480:Source
409:Places
404:People
387:Dating
214:Dating
168:Jewish
102:Tanakh
90:Canons
63:on the
12469:Islam
12433:Bible
12245:Types
12049:Other
12030:Games
11802:Songs
11275:Plays
10981:Apple
10932:Azura
10642:Noach
10542:Jacob
10530:Isaac
10342:(art)
10217:Tehom
9187:(PDF)
8658:(PDF)
8643:(PDF)
8399:S2CID
8232:(PDF)
8217:(PDF)
8197:(PDF)
8182:(PDF)
8177:Raqia
7832:(PDF)
7682:JSTOR
7236:JSTOR
7185:"Rib"
6987:"Eve"
4006:ruach
3737:Notes
3610:Adapa
3526:genre
3402:Day 7
3389:Day 6
3371:Day 3
3363:Day 5
3351:Day 2
3343:Day 4
3331:Day 1
3183:אִישׁ
3167:ishah
3156:‘êzer
3057:Gihon
3000:yîṣer
2881:thy G
2835:tehom
2698:ḥayya
2692:remeś
2607::13,
2597:Rahab
2525:Rashi
2500:mā'ôr
2433:rāqîa
2425:Sheol
2407:rāqa'
2401:Rāqîa
2367:rāqîa
2326:magic
2178:(see
2175:]
2143:above
2141:(see
2109:ruach
2088:רוּחַ
2082:ruach
2076:ruach
2058:. In
2049:təhôm
2042:), a
2032:təhôm
1995:word
1954:bara'
1944:bara'
1938:bara'
1932:bara'
1761:Rahab
1722:logos
1683:raqia
1671:Jesus
1630:Flood
1564:chaos
1541:Kingu
1374:").
1321:Torah
1313:Moses
1247:" in
1241:prose
1219:genre
1194:Genre
1007:Hindu
797:Types
644:Women
594:Humor
414:Names
107:Torah
69:Bible
48:, by
12221:Noah
11471:and
11334:Dude
11224:Babs
11216:Adam
11128:Film
10927:Awan
10922:Seth
10905:Abel
10900:Cain
10874:Adam
10802:Text
10576:(49)
10554:(28)
10544:and
10538:(22)
10520:(15)
10428:(3)
10300:Adam
9964:2007
9756:2020
9738:ISBN
9721:2020
9703:ISBN
9686:2020
9668:ISBN
9647:ISBN
9628:ISBN
9615:2020
9597:ISBN
9579:2020
9561:ISBN
9546:2020
9528:ISBN
9513:2020
9495:ISBN
9480:2020
9462:ISBN
9447:2020
9429:ISBN
9408:ISBN
9393:2020
9375:ISBN
9339:2010
9321:ISBN
9304:2020
9286:ISBN
9268:2020
9250:ISBN
9232:2020
9214:ISBN
9199:2018
9173:2020
9155:ISBN
9140:2020
9122:ISBN
9104:2020
9086:ISBN
9065:ISBN
9047:2020
9029:ISBN
9014:2020
8996:ISBN
8972:2007
8945:2020
8927:ISBN
8912:2020
8894:ISBN
8871:ISBN
8839:ISBN
8819:2020
8801:ISBN
8763:2020
8745:ISBN
8721:ISBN
8698:ISBN
8674:ISBN
8647:Crux
8625:ISBN
8610:2020
8592:ISBN
8577:2020
8559:ISBN
8542:2020
8524:ISBN
8503:ISBN
8477:ISBN
8454:ISBN
8439:2020
8421:ISBN
8391:ISSN
8353:2020
8335:ISBN
8312:ISBN
8291:ISBN
8273:2020
8255:ISBN
8240:2007
8205:2007
8166:2020
8148:ISBN
8125:ISBN
8099:ISBN
8083:2020
8065:ISBN
8042:ISBN
8021:ISBN
7992:LCCN
7976:2020
7958:ISBN
7943:2020
7925:ISBN
7908:2020
7890:ISBN
7873:2020
7855:ISBN
7820:2020
7802:ISBN
7781:ISBN
7757:ISBN
7740:2020
7722:ISBN
7701:ISBN
7669:2020
7651:ISBN
7636:2020
7618:ISBN
7597:ISBN
7580:2020
7562:ISBN
7545:2020
7527:ISBN
7512:2020
7494:ISBN
7471:ISBN
7403:ISBN
7379:2020
7361:ISBN
7346:2020
7328:ISBN
7307:ISBN
7273:2020
7255:ISBN
7211:2020
7193:ISBN
7170:ISBN
7146:ISBN
7128:ISBN
7105:ISBN
7068:ISBN
7049:ISBN
7028:ISBN
7013:2021
6995:ISBN
6977:and
6932:OCLC
6922:ISBN
6903:2020
6885:ISBN
6864:ISBN
6830:2016
6786:ISBN
6763:ISBN
6740:ISBN
6709:ISBN
6679:ISBN
6653:ISBN
6628:ISBN
6606:ISBN
6566:ISBN
6546:ISBN
6521:ISBN
6499:ISBN
6478:ISBN
6443:ISBN
6422:ISBN
6401:ISBN
6377:ISBN
6356:ISBN
6330:ISBN
6306:ISBN
3751:myth
3587:all.
3512:and
3450:and
3232:Eden
3203:Enki
3195:חוה
3136:ribs
3053:Zion
2996:ייצר
2988:bara
2956:LORD
2941:The
2779:adam
2621:and
2599:and
2519:and
2313:Ptah
2311:has
2292:day.
2026:deep
2022:deep
2002:tohu
1988:Bohu
1982:Tohu
1901:and
1888:NRSV
1729:agon
1665:and
1663:Word
1586:are
1553:Baal
1524:Apsu
1484:and
1421:Adam
1257:Moon
1147:and
1118:Adam
1077:and
1065:The
614:Rape
485:Form
281:and
11775:Eve
11579:Art
11392:Ève
10879:Eve
10618:1:5
10613:1:4
10608:1:3
10603:1:2
10591:1:1
10441:(4)
10305:Eve
10222:Yom
10098:God
9979:on
9903:) (
8863:doi
8383:doi
7422:doi
7228:doi
7224:126
6950:PDF
6732:doi
3757:not
3257:of
3211:pun
3187:’îš
3179:ish
3171:אשה
3103:. "
3089:NIV
2969:’êḏ
2908:by
2891:ORD
2887:ORD
2879:ORD
2863:by
2800:rdh
2794:kbš
2517:sun
2494:'ôr
2423:or
2386:or
2381:sky
2135:In
1979:).
1828:in
1795:by
1753:Yam
1747:as
1440:ORD
1429:Eve
1402:ORD
1390:ORD
1383:god
1311:to
1253:Sun
1221:of
1126:Eve
1102:god
824:gap
624:Sex
12493::
10122:"
10100:/
9999:,
9995:–
9950:,
9746:.
9732:.
9711:.
9697:.
9676:.
9605:.
9569:.
9536:.
9503:.
9470:.
9437:.
9383:.
9329:.
9315:.
9294:.
9258:.
9222:.
9163:.
9130:.
9094:.
9037:.
9004:.
8964:40
8962:.
8956:.
8935:.
8902:.
8869:.
8835:TX
8809:.
8753:.
8651:27
8649:.
8645:.
8600:.
8567:.
8532:.
8485:.
8429:.
8405:.
8397:.
8389:.
8379:56
8377:.
8343:.
8263:.
8225:59
8223:.
8219:.
8190:53
8188:.
8184:.
8156:.
8073:.
8059:.
7966:.
7933:.
7898:.
7863:.
7840:10
7838:.
7834:.
7810:.
7730:.
7659:.
7626:.
7570:.
7535:.
7502:.
7454:.
7443:20
7441:.
7437:.
7369:.
7336:.
7288:.
7284:.
7263:.
7234:.
7222:.
7201:.
7126:,
7088:.
7076:.
7003:.
6971:,
6962:60
6960:.
6954:.
6930:.
6893:.
6818:42
6816:.
6812:.
6780:.
6757:.
6738:.
6673:.
6651:.
6647:.
6544:,
6460:.
6091:^
5968:^
5749:^
5260:^
5028:^
5009:^
4980:^
4761:^
4698:^
4659:^
4512:^
4425:^
4178:^
4159:^
4144:^
4117:^
4098:^
4083:^
4068:^
4053:^
3838:^
3774:^
3574:,
3500:,
3489:;
3446:,
3273:,
3269:,
3265:,
3216:ti
3095:;
2973:אד
2883:OD
2815:.
2773:).
2769:;
2765:;
2706:us
2613:51
2580:.
2328::
2173:fr
1914:,
1910:,
1813:.
1739:,
1735:,
1661:,
1446::
1346:.
1297:,
1167:.
768:on
178:NT
173:OT
12421::
12136:e
12129:t
12122:v
12022:"
12018:"
12015:"
12011:"
12008:"
12004:"
12001:"
11997:"
11990:"
11850:"
11843:"
11836:"
11829:"
11822:"
11815:"
11812:"
11808:"
11519:"
11512:"
11463:"
11459:"
10843:e
10836:t
10829:v
10380:e
10373:t
10366:v
10281:"
10277:"
10274:"
10270:"
10267:"
10263:"
10260:"
10256:"
10245:"
10241:"
10118:"
10073:5
10068:4
10063:3
10058:2
10040:1
10030:e
10023:t
10016:v
9907:)
9899:(
9758:.
9723:.
9688:.
9655:.
9636:.
9617:.
9581:.
9548:.
9515:.
9482:.
9449:.
9416:.
9395:.
9362:.
9341:.
9306:.
9270:.
9234:.
9201:.
9175:.
9142:.
9106:.
9073:.
9049:.
9016:.
8974:.
8947:.
8914:.
8879:.
8865::
8847:.
8821:.
8765:.
8729:.
8706:.
8682:.
8633:.
8612:.
8579:.
8544:.
8511:.
8462:.
8441:.
8385::
8355:.
8320:.
8299:.
8275:.
8242:.
8207:.
8168:.
8133:.
8107:.
8085:.
8050:.
8029:.
7978:.
7945:.
7910:.
7875:.
7822:.
7789:.
7765:.
7742:.
7709:.
7688:.
7671:.
7638:.
7605:.
7582:.
7547:.
7514:.
7479:.
7428:.
7424::
7411:.
7381:.
7348:.
7315:.
7290:9
7275:.
7242:.
7230::
7213:.
7178:.
7154:.
7113:.
7057:.
7036:.
7015:.
6981:.
6952:)
6948:(
6938:.
6905:.
6872:.
6850:.
6841:.
6832:.
6794:.
6771:.
6748:.
6734::
6717:.
6687:.
6661:.
6636:.
6614:.
6574:.
6529:.
6507:.
6486:.
6451:.
6430:.
6409:.
6385:.
6364:.
6338:.
6314:.
6185:.
6173:.
6161:.
4891:.
4546:.
4534:.
4507:.
4420:.
4300:.
4288:.
4276:.
4264:.
4252:.
4240:.
4192:.
4010:(
3956:(
3234:(
3193:(
3181:(
3169:(
3142:(
3008:(
2994:(
2971:(
2758:;
2681:'
2675:'
2673:(
2603:(
2574:'
2568:'
2566:(
2394:'
2388:'
2384:'
2378:'
2376:(
2364:(
2182:)
2145:)
2085:(
2036:(
1973:(
1884:'
1878:'
1876:(
1685:(
1387:L
1210:(
1054:e
1047:t
1040:v
750:e
743:t
736:v
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.