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External precision gear pumps are usually limited to maximum working pressures of around 210 bars (21,000 kPa) and maximum rotation speeds around 3,000 RPM. Some manufacturers produce gear pumps with higher working pressures and speeds but these types of pumps tend to be noisy and special
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Suction and pressure ports need to interface where the gears mesh (shown as dim gray lines in the internal pump images). Some internal gear pumps have an additional, crescent-shaped seal (shown above, right). This crescent functions to keep the gears separated and also reduces eddy currents.
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Clearances: Geometric clearances at the end and outer diameter of the gears allows leakage and back flow. However sometimes higher clearances help reduce hydrodynamic friction and improve efficiency.
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is mentioned, who is said to have constructed the capsule blower with two rotating axes for pumping air and water. Pappenheim should have adopted Kepler’s design without mentioning his name.
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Gear backlash: High backlash between gears also allows fluid leakage. However, this helps to reduce wasted energy from trapping the fluid between gear teeth (known as pressure trapping).
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The invention of the gear pump is not uniformly solved. On the one hand, it goes back to
Johannes Kepler in 1604; on the other hand,
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which use an external and an internal spur gear (internal spur gear teeth face inwards, see below). Gear pumps provide
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As the gears rotate they separate on the intake side of the pump, creating a void and suction which is filled by
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The rigid design of the gears and houses allow for very high pressures and the ability to pump highly
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Food: Chocolate, cacao butter, fillers, sugar, vegetable fats and oils, molasses, animal food etc.
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Frank Prager, Kepler as inventor, Vistas in
Astronomy, Volume 18, 1975, Pages 887-889,
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Petrochemicals: Pure or filled bitumen, pitch, diesel oil, crude oil, lube oil etc.
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Gear pumps are generally very efficient, especially in high-pressure applications.
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Pulp and paper: acid, soap, lye, black liquor, kaolin, lime, latex, sludge etc.
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Chemicals: Sodium silicate, acids, plastics, mixed chemicals, isocyanates etc.
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fluid by displacement. They are one of the most common types of pumps for
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Gear pumps are also widely used in chemical installations to pump high-
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Power in HP ≈ flow rate in US gal/min × (pressure in lbf/in)/1714
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Internal gear (crescent internal gear) pump design for high-
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sets (instead of spur gears), lobe shaped rotors similar to
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Type of pump which uses the meshing of gears to push fluids
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Fluid flows from left to right in this internal gear pump.
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Flow rate = pumped volume per rotation × rotational speed
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applications. The gear pump was invented around 1600 by
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228:Many variations exist, including helical and
448:https://doi.org/10.1016/0083-6656(75)90184-1
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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188:which use two external spur gears, and
184:fluids. There are two main variations:
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381:Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim
423:"Welcome to the Hydraulic Institute"
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137:Fluid flow in an external gear pump
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370:Aviation: Jet engine fuel pumps
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485:External gear pump description
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335:Factors affecting efficiency:
260:External gear pump design for
153:Oil pump from a scooter engine
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320:Power = flow rate × pressure
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461:Kempe's Engineers Year-Book
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129:of an external gear pump
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459:Pinches, M J (2000).
195:positive displacement
171:hydraulic fluid power
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361:Resins and adhesives
161:uses the meshing of
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210:Theory of operation
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186:external gear pumps
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99:February 2010
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431:. Retrieved
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347:Applications
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41:Please help
36:verification
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375:Development
206:or a pump.
58:"Gear pump"
510:Hydraulics
499:Categories
469:0863824420
433:2013-08-18
409:References
328:Efficiency
282:automotive
69:newspapers
403:Vane pump
298:viscosity
284:oil pumps
182:viscosity
159:gear pump
387:See also
225:fluids.
393:Gerotor
278:Gerotor
223:viscous
83:scholar
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300:fluids
246:purple
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505:Pumps
216:fluid
204:motor
163:gears
90:JSTOR
76:books
465:ISBN
242:blue
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167:pump
62:news
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125:An
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