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the scholars. She held repeated arguments with him. Gargi and
Yajnavalkya's exchange centred on the ultimate "warp" of reality ("warp" means "the basic foundation or material of a structure or entity). Her initial dialogue with Yajnavalkya tended to be too metaphysical, such as the unending status of the soul, away from practical situations. She then changed her approach and asked him pointed questions related to the environment existing in the world, the question of the very origin of all existence. Her question was specific when she asked him "since this whole world is woven back and forth on water, on what then is it woven back and forth", a question that related to the commonly known cosmological metaphor that expressed the unity of the world, its essential interconnectedness. In the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (3.6), the sequence of her posing a bevy of questions to Yajnavalkya and his replies is narrated as:
305:(world of the imperishable)? Yagnavalakya put an end to the debate by telling Gargi not to proceed further as otherwise, she would lose her mental balance. This riposte put an end to their further dialogue at the conference of the learned. However, at the end of the debate she conceded to the superior knowledge of Yajnavalkya by saying: "venerable Brahmins, you may consider it a great thing if you get off bowing before him. No one, I believe, will defeat him in any argument concerning Brahman."
216:, ordered his disciple Samsrava to drive away the cow herd to his house. This infuriated the scholars as they felt that he was taking away the prize without contesting in a debate. Some of the local pundits (scholars) did not volunteer to debate with him as they were not sure of their knowledge. However, there were eight renowned sages who challenged him for a debate, which included Gargi, the only woman in the assembled gathering of the learned.
239:
debated with him and asked questions about philosophical subjects to which
Yajnavalkya provided convincing replies and they lost the debate. It was then the turn of Gargi to take up the challenge. Gargi, as one of the disputants in the debate, questioned Yajnavalkya on his claim of superiority among
203:
fire creating an atmosphere of spiritual sanctity and aroma. Janaka himself being a scholar was impressed with the large gathering of learned sages. He thought of selecting a scholar from the assembled group of elite scholars, the most accomplished of them all who had maximum knowledge about
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Yajnavalkya answered: Verily, O Gargi, if one performs sacrifices and worship and undergoes austerity in this world for many thousands of years, but without knowing that
Imperishable, limited indeed is that of his. Across this Imperishable is the unseen, O Gargi, is space woven, warp and
170:
and
Upanishads as men of the Vedic times and could very well contest the male-philosophers in debates. Her name appears in the Grihya Sutras of Asvalayana. She was a leading scholar who also made rich contributions to propagate education.
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Gargi was the daughter of sage
Vachaknu in the lineage of sage Garga (c. 800-500 BCE) and hence named after her father as Gargi Vachaknavi. Right from a young age, Vachaknavi was very intellectual. She acquired knowledge of the
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That, O Yajnavalkya, which is above the sky, that which is beneath the earth, that which is between these two, sky and earth, that which people call the past and the present and the future - across what is woven, warp and
740:
A Companion to
Sanskrit Literature: Spanning a Period of Over Three Thousand Years, Containing Brief Accounts of Authors, Works, Characters, Technical Terms, Geographical Names, Myths, Legends, and Several
208:. For this purpose, he evolved a plan and offered a prize of 1,000 cows with each cow dangled with 10 grams of gold on its horns. The galaxy of scholars, apart from others, included the renowned sage
121:(c. 800-500 BCE) was named after her father Gargi Vachaknavi. From a young age, she evinced a keen interest in Vedic scriptures and became very proficient in fields of
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and Gargi
Vachaknavi. Yajnavalkya, who was aware that he was the most spiritually knowledgeable among the assembled gathering, as he had mastered the art of
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and invited all the learned sages, kings and princes of India to participate. The yagna lasted for many days. Large quantities of
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312:. Gargi, as Brahmavadini, composed several hymns in Rigveda (in X 39. V.28) that questioned the origin of all existence. The
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Strides of Vishnu : Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective
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Puranic
Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature
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Upanishads in the Vedic times and held intellectual debates with other philosophers.
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On what, then, are the worlds of the intermediate regions woven back and forth?
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On What, then, is air woven back and forth? On the intermediate regions, Gargi.
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She continued with an array of questions such as what was the universe of the
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portrayed the character of Gargi Vachaknavi in an Indian Television Sitcom
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and became renowned for her proficiency in these fields of philosophy.
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in the years 2015-16. The series is currently available on
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Gargi was not satisfied and then posed the next question:
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Across what then pray, is space woven, warp and woof?
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162:are among the prominent females who figure in the
308:Her philosophical views also find mention in the
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352:. Actress Meenakshi Sethi portrayed the role in
68:, renowned expounder of the Vedas, and known as
27:"Gargi" redirects here. For the 2022 film, see
427:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 348–9.
969:
783:Society and Religion: From Rugveda to Puranas
759:Carmody, Denise; Brink, T. (1 January 2013).
301:Then she asked a final question, on what was
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324:(nine gems) in the court of King Janaka of
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125:. She became highly knowledgeable in the
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199:(cereal grain) were offered to the
56:)), was an ancient Indian sage and
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2249:7th-century BC Indian philosophers
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949:Gargi, The first women Philosopher
922:. University of California Press.
801:Glucklich, Ariel (11 April 2008).
780:Gadkari, Jayant (1 January 1996).
407:. University of Alabama Astronomy.
25:
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916:O'Malley, Charles Donald (1970).
866:Essays on Social Reform Movements
223:, the priest in Janaka's court,
887:A Quest for Roots: Stree Shakti
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1316:Progressive utilization theory
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166:. She was as knowledgeable in
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901:. Motilal Banarsidass.
744:. Motilal Banarsidass.
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467:. sivanandaonline.org.
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786:. Popular Prakashan.
722:. Rupa Publications.
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52:); Gārgī Vāchaknavī (
1607:Brihadratha Ikshvaku
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1221:Acintya bheda abheda
884:Mody, Rekha (1999).
824:Great Women of India
765:. Cengage Learning.
716:Ahuja, M.L. (2011).
523:Great Women of India
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332:In popular culture
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2026:
2024:
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2019:
2018:Parinama-vada
2016:
2014:
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1510:Yoga Vasistha
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1403:All 108 texts
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1373:Dharmashastra
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1347:Bhagavad Gita
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1301:Integral yoga
1299:
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1270:
1269:
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1246:Shuddhadvaita
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836:
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826:
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747:
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695:
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685:
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677:81-87847-08-5
674:
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665:
657:
651:
647:
646:
639:
631:
625:
618:
613:
611:
604:, p. 95.
603:
598:
596:
594:
586:
585:Mookerji 1998
581:
579:
572:, p. 86.
571:
566:
559:
558:O'Malley 1970
554:
547:
546:Mookerji 1998
542:
534:
528:
524:
518:
516:
514:
506:
501:
494:
489:
482:
477:
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466:
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456:
449:
444:
436:
434:0-8426-0822-2
430:
426:
425:
420:
414:
406:
400:
398:
391:, p. 34.
390:
385:
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361:
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179:According to
172:
169:
165:
161:
157:
147:
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130:
128:
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120:
116:
111:
109:
105:
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79:
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67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
37:
30:
19:
2118:Iccha-mrityu
2083:Satkaryavada
1983:Nididhyasana
1968:Matsya Nyaya
1702:Madhvacharya
1581:
1532:Adi Shankara
1525:Philosophers
1508:
1501:
1484:
1465:
1458:
1449:Shiva Sutras
1439:Sangam texts
1431:
1424:
1415:Nyāya Sūtras
1395:
1388:
1371:
1361:Brahma Sutra
1360:
1352:
1345:
1340:Arthashastra
1338:
1331:
1273:Pratyabhijna
1153:Anekantavada
918:
897:
886:
865:
844:
823:
803:
782:
761:
739:
718:
710:Bibliography
697:. Retrieved
693:
684:
668:
664:
644:
638:
624:
570:Gadkari 1996
565:
553:
541:
522:
500:
488:
455:
448:Banerji 1989
443:
423:
419:Mani, Vettam
413:
335:
307:
300:
293:
288:
281:
270:, the gods,
257:
243:
218:
178:
153:
136:
112:
97:
81:
70:Brahmavadini
45:
44:
42:
29:Gargi (film)
2219:Hindu poets
2163:Vivartavada
2053:Rājamaṇḍala
2008:Paramananda
1808:Apauruṣheyā
1803:Anupalabdhi
1662:Vivekananda
1627:Dharmakirti
1587:Buddhaghosa
1577:Yājñavalkya
1384:Jain Agamas
1379:Hindu texts
1258:Navya-Nyāya
1194:Svatantrika
1189:Sautrāntika
1078:Vaisheshika
690:"Instagram"
342:Siya Ke Ram
318:Yajnavalkya
219:Sages like
210:Yajnavalkya
94:Yajnavalkya
86:King Janaka
82:brahmayajna
58:philosopher
2198:Categories
2113:Svātantrya
2003:Paramatman
1958:Kshetrajna
1933:Ishvaratva
1873:Cittabhumi
1868:Chidabhasa
1818:Asiddhatva
1738:Abhasavada
1712:Guru Nanak
1647:Vasubandhu
1473:Upanishads
1467:Tirukkuṟaḷ
1426:Panchadasi
1231:Bhedabheda
1179:Madhyamaka
1019:Monotheism
741:Appendices
699:2024-01-11
505:Kumar 2004
389:Ahuja 2011
364:References
338:Richa Soni
322:Navaratnas
252:Gandharvas
189:sandalwood
164:Upanishads
150:Later life
144:scriptures
133:Early life
123:philosophy
50:Devanagari
34:See also:
1973:Mithyatva
1863:Chaitanya
1858:Catuṣkoṭi
1823:Asatkalpa
1798:Anavastha
1773:Aishvarya
1692:Sakayanya
1687:Sadananda
1652:Gaudapada
1637:Nagarjuna
1592:Patañjali
1408:Principal
1390:Kamasutra
1184:Yogachara
1103:Raseśvara
481:Mody 1999
346:Star Plus
276:Prajapati
225:Artabhaga
2138:Tanmatra
2133:Tajjalan
2123:Syādvāda
2023:Pradhana
1998:Padārtha
1963:Lakshana
1908:Ekagrata
1753:Adrishta
1748:Adarsana
1726:Concepts
1707:Mahavira
1672:Ramanuja
1622:Chanakya
1557:Avatsara
1552:Valluvar
1492:Vedangas
1306:Gandhism
1209:Medieval
1158:Syādvāda
1143:Charvaka
1115:Pāṇiniya
1009:Idealism
421:(1975).
356:'s show
336:Actress
237:Uddalaka
115:Vachaknu
74:Brahmana
2183:More...
2153:Upekkhā
2148:Uparati
2128:Taijasa
2103:Śūnyatā
2073:Saṃsāra
2068:Samadhi
2033:Prakṛti
1988:Nirvāṇa
1938:Jivatva
1928:Ikshana
1883:Devatas
1853:Bhumika
1843:Brahman
1833:Avyakta
1778:Akrodha
1758:Advaita
1717:More...
1612:Jaimini
1516:More...
1226:Advaita
1216:Vedanta
1174:Śūnyatā
1133:Ājīvika
1125:Nāstika
1093:Vedanta
1088:Mīmāṃsā
1068:Samkhya
1048:Ancient
1004:Atomism
999:Atheism
630:"Gargi"
405:"Gargi"
326:Mithila
303:Brahman
254:, Gargi
233:Ushasta
206:Brahman
104:Rigveda
36:Sulabha
2158:Utsaha
2108:Sutram
2098:Sthiti
2093:Sphoṭa
2063:Sakshi
2048:Puruṣa
2028:Prajna
1993:Niyama
1953:Kasaya
1898:Dravya
1888:Dharma
1848:Bhuman
1838:Bhrama
1793:Ananta
1788:Anatta
1783:Aksara
1768:Ahimsa
1743:Abheda
1733:Abhava
1682:Raikva
1602:Kapila
1597:Kanada
1294:Modern
1268:Shaiva
1236:Dvaita
1138:Ajñana
1098:Shaiva
1056:Āstika
1039:Moksha
992:Topics
926:
905:
873:
852:
831:
811:
790:
769:
748:
726:
675:
652:
529:
431:
283:woof?"
274:, and
266:, the
235:, and
229:Bhujyu
221:Asvala
197:barley
108:Hindus
90:Videha
2173:Yamas
2168:Viraj
2143:Tyāga
2078:Satya
1978:Mokṣa
1948:Karma
1903:Dhrti
1828:Ātman
1813:Artha
1617:Vyasa
1497:Vedas
1478:Minor
1325:Texts
1073:Nyaya
1064:Hindu
1034:Artha
1014:Logic
297:woof.
272:Indra
268:stars
201:Yagna
168:Vedas
140:Vedas
127:Vedas
119:Garga
99:atman
60:. In
18:Gargi
2178:Yoga
1943:Kama
1923:Idam
1918:Hitā
1913:Guṇa
1878:Dāna
1763:Aham
1167:and
1148:Jain
1083:Yoga
1029:Kama
924:ISBN
903:ISBN
871:ISBN
850:ISBN
829:ISBN
809:ISBN
788:ISBN
767:ISBN
746:ISBN
724:ISBN
673:ISBN
650:ISBN
527:ISBN
429:ISBN
264:moon
260:suns
193:ghee
158:and
142:and
2058:Ṛta
1893:Dhi
88:of
76:of
2200::
1066::
692:.
609:^
592:^
577:^
512:^
473:^
463:.
396:^
371:^
360:.
328:.
231:,
227:,
191:,
110:.
54:HK
977:e
970:t
963:v
932:.
911:.
879:.
858:.
837:.
817:.
796:.
775:.
754:.
732:.
702:.
679:.
658:.
535:.
437:.
31:.
20:)
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