639:(e.g. this affects some Cisco and Linksys phones). This is incorrect as G729a is an alternative method of encoding the audio, but still generates data decodable by either G729 or G729a - i.e. there is no difference in terms of codec negotiation. Since the SDP RFC allows static payload types to be overridden by the textual rtpmap description this can cause problems calling from these phones to endpoints adhering to the RFC unless the codec is renamed in their settings since they will not recognise 'G729a' as 'G729' without a specific workaround in place for the bug.
32:
671:
generation (CNG). If transmission is stopped, and the link goes quiet because of no speech, the receiving side might assume that the link has been cut. By inserting comfort noise, analog hiss is simulated digitally during silence to assure the receiver that the link is active and operational.
694:
speech and audio. Introduced in 2006, it defines variable bit-rate wideband enhancement using up to 12 hierarchical layers. The core layer is an 8 kbit/s G.729 bitstream, the second layer is a 4 kbit/s
834:
Both G.729a and G.729b use the same rtpmap description as G.729. G.729a and G.729b are indicated using annexb=no or annexb=yes, respectively. G.729 Annex B (G.729b) is the default in absence of parameter
1332:
731:
basis. G.729 includes patents from several companies which were until the expiry licensed by Sipro Lab
Telecom, the authorized Intellectual Property Licensing Administrator for G.729 technology and
699:
enhancement layer, and the third 2 kibt/s layer is a bandwidth enhancement layer. Further layers provide wideband enhancement in 2 kbit/s steps. The G.729.1 uses three-stage coding: embedded
164:
of 8 kbit/s, but extensions provide rates of 6.4 kbit/s (Annex D, F, H, I, C+) and 11.8 kbit/s (Annex E, G, H, I, C+) for worse and better speech quality, respectively.
561:
G.729a is a compatible extension of G.729, but requires less computational power. This lower complexity, however, bears the cost of marginally reduced speech quality.
703:(CELP) coding of the lower band, parametric coding of the higher band by Time-Domain Bandwidth Extension (TDBWE), and enhancement of the full band by a predictive
1133:
213:. DTMF requires the use of the named telephony events in the RTP payload for DTMF digits, telephony tones, and telephony signals as specified in RFC 4733.
2809:
1579:
785:, an American-based software developer and fabless semiconductor company, which began as a division of Rockwell before being spun-off as its own
2693:
2484:
1880:
1410:
2231:
1374:
190:
or Annex J: This version extends G.729A and B with scalable variable encoding using hierarchical enhancement layers. It provides support for
1222:
3103:
2665:
2122:
2519:
966:
2697:
2480:
1884:
1414:
1183:
767:
3039:
2267:
1493:
596:
174:
G.729A or Annex A: This version has a medium complexity, and is compatible with G.729. It provides a slightly lower voice quality.
3226:
2337:
80:
2342:
2524:
1924:
1152:"US 5,920,853 A - Signal compression using index mapping technique for the sharing of quantization tables | RPX Insight"
2405:
1326:
967:"G.729 : Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraic-code-excited linear prediction (CS-ACELP)"
828:
202:
3165:
3130:
3108:
2307:
2282:
857:
712:
195:
2905:
1956:
1367:
946:
708:
2947:
2501:
2400:
2190:
1592:
898:"G.729: Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraic-code-excited linear prediction (CS-ACELP)"
1108:
883:
3054:
2781:
2645:
2488:
2112:
2066:
1966:
1056:
905:
3221:
3044:
2727:
2132:
1961:
700:
573:
142:
25:
Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraic-code-excited linear prediction (CS-ACELP)
3191:
2853:
2239:
2225:
1678:
2219:
1672:
1012:
3187:
2789:
2710:
2420:
2127:
2117:
2026:
1889:
1564:
1486:
1419:
1390:
1360:
840:
824:
811:
which cover lookup tables used in G.729. The patent has since expired and is no longer in force due to its
636:
157:
1082:
2297:
3170:
3145:
2635:
2272:
2079:
1531:
656:
480:
1262:"US5920853A - Signal compression using index mapping technique for the sharing of quantization tables"
627:
PSQM testing under network stress yields mean opinion scores of 3.51 for G.729a, compared to 4.13 for
3120:
2650:
2574:
2493:
1728:
1281:
797:
747:
664:
1254:
997:
3081:
3034:
2868:
2822:
2684:
2620:
2357:
1758:
1342:
1030:
652:
98:
758:
lawsuits in the
Central District Courts of California accusing 22 different companies, including,
184:
G.729AB: This version extends G.729A with silence suppression, and is only compatible with G.729B.
3027:
2994:
2910:
2848:
2817:
2377:
2137:
1165:
862:
1626:
715:(MDCT) coding. Bit rate and the obtained quality are adjustable by simple bitstream truncation.
3216:
3125:
2858:
2705:
2332:
1569:
1510:
1498:
1352:
778:
771:
136:
1201:
3211:
3088:
2932:
2722:
1941:
1919:
1897:
1559:
984:
932:
774:. The inventors listed on the '853 patent are Benyassine Adil, Su Huan-Yu and Shlomot Eyal.
663:
parameters for non speech (noisy frames). It uses 2-byte
Silence Insertion Descriptor (SID)
3061:
2748:
1909:
1840:
1708:
938:
70:
1187:
8:
3049:
2717:
2509:
2415:
2362:
2074:
1869:
1845:
1793:
1549:
1452:
1399:
755:
727:
under the G.729 Consortium have expired, the remaining unexpired patents are usable on a
660:
648:
569:
178:
167:
G.729 has been extended with various features, commonly designated as G.729a and G.729b:
3140:
2655:
2640:
2180:
2152:
1835:
1798:
1138:
Business Search - Business
Entities - Business Programs | California Secretary of State
617:
3098:
1999:
1241:
3066:
3017:
2469:
2312:
1902:
1753:
1427:
942:
766:
and others of infringing U.S. Patent No. 5,920,853. The '853 patent was filed at the
518:
655:(VAD) module. It is used to detect voice activity in the signal. It also includes a
3115:
3012:
3004:
2890:
2843:
2771:
2738:
1951:
1617:
1469:
1437:
1386:
1337:
1303:
790:
782:
704:
160:(VoIP) applications when bandwidth must be conserved. Standard G.729 operates at a
149:(CS-ACELP), and was introduced in 1996. The wide-band extension of G.729 is called
3093:
2885:
1994:
1971:
724:
139:
algorithm using a frame length of 10 milliseconds. It is officially described as
2455:
1151:
3175:
3022:
2863:
2732:
1825:
1266:
852:
786:
209:
transmissions, and high-quality audio cannot be transported reliably with this
1261:
3205:
3071:
2878:
2372:
2170:
1936:
1820:
1464:
801:
759:
751:
668:
602:
The complexity of the algorithm is rated at 15, using a relative scale where
146:
2435:
1347:
2895:
2660:
2450:
2445:
2302:
2277:
1773:
808:
728:
128:
2959:
2900:
2838:
2440:
2203:
2198:
1783:
1703:
1432:
831:. The rtpmap parameter description for this payload type is "G729/8000".
812:
732:
565:
2873:
2766:
2175:
1946:
1815:
1778:
1713:
1597:
1474:
1383:
1112:
794:
744:
696:
1343:
Sipro Lab
Telecom (administers the patent pools for G.723.1 and G.729)
1242:"Rockwell Semi spin-off Conexant will target communications IC market"
1126:
1060:
897:
116:
2942:
2544:
2347:
2327:
2147:
2142:
1805:
1763:
171:
G.729: This is the original codec using a high-complexity algorithm.
2920:
2799:
2430:
2322:
1748:
1602:
1246:
691:
523:
191:
161:
156:
Because of its low bandwidth requirements, G.729 is mostly used in
583:
Sampling frequency 8 kHz/16-bit (80 samples for 10 ms frames)
3135:
3076:
2989:
2743:
2630:
2589:
2584:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2410:
2352:
2292:
2056:
2036:
2021:
1810:
1738:
1718:
1016:
763:
687:
681:
635:
Some VoIP phones incorrectly use the description "G729a/8000" in
607:
187:
150:
132:
88:
1382:
592:
Algorithmic delay is 15 ms per frame, with 5 ms look-ahead delay
2937:
2395:
2089:
1929:
1850:
1830:
1768:
1505:
1481:
1459:
1447:
1442:
1086:
2984:
2915:
2758:
2534:
2497:
2382:
2084:
2046:
2041:
2031:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1989:
1981:
1743:
1723:
1554:
1544:
1539:
1527:
1515:
1194:
962:
647:
G.729 has been extended in Annex B (G.729b) which provides a
628:
621:
603:
210:
84:
60:
2925:
2670:
2625:
2615:
2605:
2579:
2539:
2529:
2425:
2367:
2287:
2250:
2245:
2162:
2104:
2094:
1855:
1733:
1607:
1587:
613:
2964:
2952:
2794:
2610:
2514:
2317:
1914:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1217:
1215:
723:
As of
January 1, 2017, the patent terms of most licensed
206:
1184:"Aim Ip LLC v. Cisco Systems Inc et. al. patent lawsuit"
1034:
1158:
564:
G.729a was developed by a consortium of organizations:
1212:
31:
1301:
589:
Fixed frame size (10 bytes (80 bits) for 10 ms frame)
1054:
1144:
181:, and is not compatible with the previous versions.
177:G.729B or Annex B: This version extends G.729 with
884:"It's Official! The patents on G.729 have expired"
1106:
1080:
1010:
823:G.729 is assigned the static payload type 18 for
3203:
574:Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT)
1304:"MIME Type Registration of RTP Payload Formats"
1282:"Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) Parameters"
1176:
1166:"Patent Litigations Search | RPX Insight"
881:
1368:
1239:
1100:
1333:G.729 Error Recovery for Internet Telephony
1223:"United States Patent and Trademark Office"
1074:
955:
926:
924:
922:
659:(DTX) module which decides on updating the
595:G.729a is a hybrid speech coder which uses
586:Fixed bit rate (8 kbit/s 10 ms frames)
1375:
1361:
675:
30:
930:
777:In 2000, the '853 patent was assigned by
768:United States Patent and Trademark Office
738:
620:of 4.04 for G.729a, compared to 4.45 for
919:
597:Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction
141:Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using
1295:
789:. In 2010, the '853 patent was sold by
3204:
616:testing under ideal conditions yields
1356:
961:
1048:
934:VoIP Voice and Fax Signal Processing
1302:S. Casner, P. Hoschka (July 2003).
1202:"Patent Public Search | USPTO"
1055:VoiceAge Corporation (2007-10-14).
818:
203:Dual-tone multi-frequency signaling
117:https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.729
13:
3166:Comparison of audio coding formats
1240:Mark Lapedus (November 10, 1998).
858:Comparison of audio coding formats
713:modified discrete cosine transform
196:modified discrete cosine transform
14:
3238:
1320:
931:Nagireddi, Sivannarayana (2008).
709:time-domain aliasing cancellation
1107:Sipro Lab Telecom (2006-10-29).
1081:Sipro Lab Telecom (2007-10-25).
1011:Sipro Lab Telecom (2017-01-28).
882:Michael Graves (March 6, 2017).
642:
556:
216:
1348:Voiceage's G.729 implementation
1274:
1233:
908:from the original on 2021-04-06
570:Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
3227:ITU-T G Series Recommendations
2728:ISO/IEC base media file format
1023:
1004:
890:
875:
701:code-excited linear prediction
153:, which equals G.729 Annex J.
143:code-excited linear prediction
1:
868:
686:G.729 Annex J, maintained by
841:Session Description Protocol
718:
579:The features of G.729a are:
158:voice over Internet Protocol
7:
1134:"Business Search - Results"
1031:"Sipro Lab Telecom Website"
846:
10:
3243:
3171:Comparison of video codecs
1681:(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1)
1329:- technical specification.
1327:ITU-T Recommendation G.729
679:
657:discontinuous transmission
226:
3184:
3158:
3003:
2977:
2831:
2808:
2780:
2757:
2692:
2683:
2598:
2479:
2468:
2260:
2212:
2189:
2161:
2103:
2065:
1980:
1879:
1868:
1696:
1665:
1616:
1578:
1526:
1409:
1398:
807:The '853 patent contains
798:Limited Liability Company
748:Limited Liability Company
223:
112:
104:
94:
76:
66:
56:
46:
38:
29:
24:
667:transmitted to initiate
653:voice activity detection
194:speech and audio, using
2995:Alliance for Open Media
1083:"FAQ G.729 and G.723.1"
863:RTP audio video profile
690:, provides support for
676:G.729 Annex J (G.729.1)
1915:MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)
992:Cite journal requires
779:Rockwell International
772:Rockwell International
739:Past patent litigation
711:(TDAC), also known as
651:method that enables a
137:audio data compression
3222:ITU-T recommendations
2933:QuickTime File Format
939:John Wiley & Sons
3192:Compression software
2749:MPEG media transport
1826:Sorenson Video/Spark
1227:assignment.uspto.gov
1190:on February 1, 2014.
71:ITU-T Study Group 16
16:ITU-T Recommendation
3190:for techniques and
3188:Compression methods
1684:HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)
1338:ITU Patent database
1170:insight.rpxcorp.com
756:patent infringement
649:silence compression
618:mean opinion scores
179:silence suppression
21:
19:
3199:
3198:
2973:
2972:
2891:DivX Media Format
2679:
2678:
2464:
2463:
1864:
1863:
1754:Microsoft Video 1
1689:AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)
1675:(GB/T 20090.2/16)
1057:"G.729 Licensing"
793:to AIM IP LLC, a
707:algorithm called
554:
553:
519:variable bit rate
122:
121:
99:audio compression
77:Related standards
3234:
2965:VOB, IFO and BUP
2739:Motion JPEG 2000
2690:
2689:
2477:
2476:
2436:aptX Low Latency
2213:Chinese Standard
1877:
1876:
1666:Chinese Standard
1438:Motion JPEG 2000
1407:
1406:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1354:
1353:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1219:
1210:
1209:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1186:. Archived from
1180:
1174:
1173:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1111:. Archived from
1109:"G.729 IPR Pool"
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1085:. Archived from
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1059:. Archived from
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1033:. Archived from
1027:
1021:
1020:
1015:. Archived from
1008:
1002:
1001:
995:
990:
988:
980:
978:
977:
971:
965:(January 2007).
959:
953:
952:
928:
917:
916:
914:
913:
894:
888:
887:
879:
819:RTP payload type
791:Conexant Systems
783:Conexant Systems
705:transform coding
661:background noise
221:
220:
108:Freely available
34:
22:
18:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3180:
3154:
2999:
2969:
2827:
2804:
2776:
2753:
2675:
2594:
2492:
2471:
2460:
2256:
2228:(GB/T 33475.3)
2222:(GB/T 20090.10)
2208:
2185:
2157:
2099:
2061:
1976:
1972:MPEG-H 3D Audio
1898:MPEG-1 Layer II
1888:
1871:
1860:
1692:
1661:
1612:
1574:
1522:
1418:
1401:
1394:
1381:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1308:
1306:
1300:
1296:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1238:
1234:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1206:ppubs.uspto.gov
1200:
1199:
1195:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1105:
1101:
1092:
1090:
1079:
1075:
1066:
1064:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1009:
1005:
993:
991:
982:
981:
975:
973:
969:
960:
956:
949:
929:
920:
911:
909:
896:
895:
891:
880:
876:
871:
849:
821:
741:
721:
684:
678:
645:
559:
522:
517:
227:G.729 Annexes
219:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3240:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3197:
3196:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3176:List of codecs
3173:
3168:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3009:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2978:Collaborations
2975:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2744:MPEG-21 Part 9
2741:
2736:
2733:MPEG-4 Part 14
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2702:
2700:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2313:Monkey's Audio
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2253:(SJ/T 11299.4)
2248:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2223:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
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853:List of codecs
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1487:Part 2 / HEVC
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1197:
1189:
1185:
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1167:
1161:
1153:
1147:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1115:on 2006-10-29
1114:
1110:
1103:
1089:on 2007-10-25
1088:
1084:
1077:
1063:on 2007-10-14
1062:
1058:
1051:
1037:on 2012-12-25
1036:
1032:
1026:
1018:
1014:
1013:"About G.729"
1007:
999:
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948:9780470377864
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809:patent claims
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803:
802:Mission Viejo
799:
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769:
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669:comfort noise
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643:G.729 Annex B
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557:G.729 Annex A
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224:Functionality
222:
217:G.729 annexes
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147:speech coding
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33:
28:
23:
3212:Audio codecs
2242:(GB/T 22726)
2051:
1903:Multichannel
1759:MSU Lossless
1673:AVS1 P2/AVS+
1627:TrueMotion S
1565:H.265 / HEVC
1511:Part 1 / EVC
1499:Part 3 / VVC
1465:Part 2 / ASP
1307:. Retrieved
1297:
1286:. Retrieved
1276:
1265:
1256:
1245:
1235:
1226:
1205:
1196:
1188:the original
1178:
1169:
1160:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1117:. Retrieved
1113:the original
1102:
1091:. Retrieved
1087:the original
1076:
1065:. Retrieved
1061:the original
1050:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:the original
1025:
1017:the original
1006:
985:cite journal
974:. Retrieved
957:
933:
910:. Retrieved
901:
892:
877:
836:
833:
822:
806:
776:
742:
729:royalty-free
722:
685:
646:
634:
578:
563:
560:
201:
166:
155:
140:
131:narrow-band
129:royalty-free
124:
123:
57:Organization
52:October 2017
2960:MOD and TOD
2901:Flash Video
2839:3GP and 3G2
2520:HEIC / HEIF
2472:compression
2232:Audio Vivid
1967:MPEG-D USAC
1962:MPEG-4 CELP
1957:MPEG-4 HVXC
1872:compression
1704:Apple Video
1620:and AOMedia
1570:H.266 / VVC
1560:H.264 / AVC
1402:compression
1387:compression
902:www.itu.int
813:patent term
770:in 1996 by
733:patent pool
446:11.8 kbit/s
301:Fixed-point
3206:Categories
3194:for codecs
3141:Daubechies
3116:Transforms
3018:Arithmetic
2685:Containers
2390:True Audio
2234:(GY/T 363)
1952:MPEG-4 DST
1947:MPEG-4 SLS
1942:MPEG-4 ALS
1816:SheerVideo
1790:QuickTime
1618:TrueMotion
1384:Multimedia
1309:2013-02-27
1288:2013-09-18
1284:. Iana.org
1119:2009-09-17
1093:2009-09-17
1067:2009-09-17
1041:2007-03-31
976:2009-07-21
912:2021-04-06
869:References
815:expiring.
795:California
745:California
697:narrowband
412:6.4 kbit/s
2943:RealMedia
2545:JPEG 2000
2348:RealAudio
2328:OptimFROG
1806:RealVideo
1794:Animation
1764:OMS Video
1391:container
800:based in
750:based in
719:Licensing
606:is 1 and
516:Embedded
67:Committee
3062:Lossless
3028:Modified
2921:Matroska
2800:Matroska
2711:MPEG-PES
2323:Musepack
2220:AVS1 P10
1799:Graphics
1749:Lagarith
1247:EE Times
906:Archived
847:See also
692:wideband
524:wideband
371:8 kbit/s
205:(DTMF),
192:wideband
162:bit rate
42:In force
3136:Wavelet
3077:DEFLATE
3023:Huffman
3013:Entropy
3005:Methods
2990:MPEG LA
2879:Smacker
2767:H.222.0
2723:MPEG-TS
2718:MPEG-PS
2706:MPEG-ES
2590:TIFF/IT
2585:TIFF/EP
2570:JPEG XT
2565:JPEG XS
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2938:RatDVD
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39:Status
3159:Lists
3104:ADPCM
3099:µ-law
3094:A-law
3067:Lossy
3040:ACELP
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2810:SMPTE
2772:T.802
2759:ITU-T
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2535:JBIG2
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