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Fumigation with formaldehyde vapor is the recognized and most commonly used method because it is a cost-effective procedure. However, alternative methods are sought due to safety and efficacy concerns. Vaporized hydrogen peroxide is a dry gaseous method that has been used as a reliable alternative for aseptic processing isolators, and more recently, for room/facility decontamination. Hydrogen peroxide and silver in solution and diluted in water is a non-toxic and low cost agent. For example, to fumigate a 1000
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Post operation ventilation of the area is a critical safety aspect of fumigation. It is important to distinguish between the pack or source of the fumigant gas and the environment which has been fumigated. While the fumigant pack may be safe and spent, the space will still hold the fumigant gas until
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as the pesticide (sulfuryl fluoride is a naturally occurring gas, used in much higher concentration than found in the natural atmosphere, and which leaves no physical residue). The fumigated structure can be re-occupied after the tent has been removed and the pesticide has dissipated to a safe level,
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Structural fumigation techniques differ from building to building. In a residential setting, a "rubber" tent or tents, typically made of plastic/pvc coated canvas material, may be placed over the entire structure while the pesticides are being released into the vacant structure. This process is
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Fumigation of hospital rooms with high concentrations of toxic chemicals has been proposed to reduce microbial agents on hospital surfaces and to control surgical site infections. Formaldehyde fumigation has long been an accepted method for areas where microbiological cleanliness is required.
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Fumigation generally involves the following phases: first, humans are evacuated from the area intended for fumigation and the area covered to create a sealed environment. Next, the fumigant is released into the space to be fumigated. The space is held for a set period while the fumigant gas
192:. Commodity fumigation, on the other hand, is also to be conducted inside a physical structure, such as a storage unit, but it aims to eliminate pests from infesting physical goods, usually food products, by killing pests within the container which will house them.
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Fumigation is a hazardous operation. Generally it is a legal requirement that the operator who carries out the fumigation operation holds official certification to perform the fumigation, as the chemicals used are toxic to most forms of life, including humans.
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At the heart of this technology is the use of chemicals. Ideally, these chemicals kill or passivate the targeted creatures without harming others. Usually such a feat is impossible, so fumigation is conducted in the absence of humans.
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called tent fumigation, or "tenting". The sealed tent contains the poisonous gases and prevents them from escaping into the environment. This process is commonly used for the treatment of drywood termites and/or bedbugs, using
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within. It is used to control pests in buildings (structural fumigation), soil, grain, and produce. Fumigation is also used during the processing of goods for import or export to prevent the transfer of
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Each fumigation lasts for a certain duration. This is because after spraying the pesticides, or fumigants, only the pests around are eradicated.
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Structural fumigation targets pests inside buildings (usually residences), including pests that inhabit the physical structure itself, such as
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are allowed to escape from the space, rendering it safe for humans to enter. If successful, the fumigated area is now safe and pest free.
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Byrns, G.; Fuller, T. P. (2011). "The risks and benefits of chemical fumigation in the health care environment".
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mL demineralized water) would be sprayed via fogger for 30 minutes. Fogging may be done at a rate of up to 130
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Metcalf, Robert L.; Horowitz, Abraham Rami (2014-11-19). "Insect
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Health and safety guidance for employers and technicians carrying out fumigation operations
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Many chemicals have been discontinued owing to safety issues.
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658:"Fumigation and Fogging in Pharmaceutical » Pharmaguddu"
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mL/minute and the contact time should be at least one hour.
585:. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
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in the area. Finally, the space is ventilated so that the
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where the gas even reaches the hotel lobby (February 2010)
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204:percolates through the space and acts on/kills any
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
616:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
537:Insect Management for Food Storage and Processing
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684:"Area Fumigation with Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor"
583:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
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129:, subject to tent fumigation, or "tenting"
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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565:"What is Fumigation? | Fumigation"
541:American Association of Cereal Chemists
137:Fumigation of a hotel (Vila Shanti) in
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719:National Pesticide Information Center
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226:with no need for physical cleaning.
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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457:, expensive vs methyl bromide
347:TLV-TWA 0.1 ppm, MAK 0.1 ppm,
334:applied in tent for termites
909:Persistent organic pollutant
628:10.1080/15459624.2011.547453
445:, carcinogenic and explosive
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243:m) area, a 20% solution (200
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1052:Index of pesticide articles
879:Agricultural spray adjuvant
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407:Discontinued or rarely used
295:, TLV-TWA 5 ppm, MAK 5 ppm.
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1047:Integrated Pest Management
894:Integrated pest management
701:10.1177/153567600501000206
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152:or the removal of harmful
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944:Paradox of the pesticides
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535:Baur, Fred (1984-12-01).
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984:Pesticide Action Network
904:Non-pesticide management
591:10.1002/14356007.s14_s01
476:it has been ventilated.
276:boiling point/volatility
1078:Pest control techniques
884:Biological pest control
997:The Pesticide Question
368:fabrics ("mothballs")
247:mL of solution in 1000
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16:Pest control technique
899:Maximum residue limit
869:Environmental effects
491:FAO Fumigation Manual
432:methyl isothiocyanate
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127:Riverside, California
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1057:Pesticide categories
543:. pp. 162–165.
43:improve this article
390:1,3-dichloropropene
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512:Fumigation Methods
422:Methallyl chloride
416:Ethylene dibromide
298:restricted by the
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230:Operating theatres
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688:Applied Biosafety
600:978-3-527-30673-2
550:978-0-913250-38-9
505:Early publication
461:methyl isocyanate
451:, extremely toxic
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32:This article
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974:Bee toxicity
914:Pest control
873:
819:Molluscicide
792:Biopesticide
787:Bioherbicide
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666:. Retrieved
664:. 2019-08-18
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443:formaldehyde
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340:chloropicrin
328:gas (-55 °C)
292:gas (4.3 °C)
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188:and drywood
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150:pest control
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58:"Fumigation"
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1029:New Zealand
934:Degradation
929:Formulation
919:Application
834:Rodenticide
814:Insecticide
777:Bactericide
662:Pharmaguddu
356:naphthalene
239:ft (~28.32
206:infestation
1083:Pesticides
1072:Categories
1012:By country
969:Resurgence
964:Resistance
874:Fumigation
824:Nematicide
755:Pesticides
668:2020-10-24
519:References
434:precursor)
397:MAK 75 ppm
186:woodborers
158:pesticides
146:Fumigation
99:April 2021
69:newspapers
1088:Fumigants
949:Poisoning
839:Slimicide
829:Piscicide
807:Defoliant
802:Herbicide
797:Fungicide
772:Acaricide
763:Pesticide
374:phosphine
259:Chemicals
166:suffocate
162:fumigants
954:Research
644:19823991
636:21253983
480:See also
455:iodoform
282:comment
273:chemical
190:termites
959:Residue
782:Biocide
486:ISPM 15
428:dazomet
199:Process
83:scholar
1019:Canada
939:Misuse
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467:Safety
394:111 °C
344:112 °C
279:safety
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170:poison
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924:Drift
765:types
640:S2CID
318:food
174:pests
164:, to
160:, or
90:JSTOR
76:books
632:PMID
595:ISBN
545:ISBN
438:DBCP
172:the
139:Bali
62:news
696:doi
624:doi
587:doi
168:or
45:by
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