341:(吕思勉) had a different perspective on the case of Empress Fu's execution. He believed that given Cao Cao's status and temperament, he wouldn't simply harm Empress Fu because of a disrespectful letter she sent to her father. Furthermore, Emperor Xian would not have transferred his anger to Cao Cao just because of Dong Cheng's assassination (Dong Cheng himself wasn't a trustworthy loyalist). Lu Simian thought that there must have been "another reason" behind this case, something significant and not suitable for inclusion in official history records. He speculated that Empress Fu had a comprehensive political plan that was crucial to the overall situation, and therefore, Cao Cao had no choice but to take action.
298:
282:, Empress Fu was carrying silk, which were seized by soldiers ostensibly protecting her – such that even her own personal bodyguards were killed, and their blood spilled on her. When they returned to Luoyang, the imperial court was poorly supplied and while there is no record indicating that Empress Fu personally was under threat of starvation, a number of imperial officials died of hunger or were killed by robbers. Materially, the imperial court became much better supplied once the warlord
266:
329:
Emperor Xian. During the discussion between Cao Cao and Xun Yu on this matter, Xun Yu mentioned, "Empress Fu has no child." However, Pei
Songzhi, when writing annotations, questioned the logic of Xun Yu's statement in this account. Due to the credibility issues with this entire passage, it is uncertain whether Empress Fu indeed had two children who were poisoned, and the birth dates of these two children may not necessarily be after Fu Wan's conspiracy.
48:
487:
was part of a hidden plot, then
Emperor Wu of Wei, since it involved the overall stability, had no choice but to eliminate her for the greater good. This is similar to a military commander not resigning or committing suicide just because there's a group within his army opposing him, disregarding the safety of the entire army."
486:
Lü Simian, in "Stories of the Three
Kingdoms: Defending the Slander Against Emperor Wu of Wei," said, "That's why I believe that Empress Fu's assassination was undoubtedly part of a political conspiracy. However, the true facts may never have been passed down. Assuming that Empress Fu's assassination
319:
and close aides into the imperial palace to capture the empress. Empress Fu tried to hide behind a wall, but Cao Cao's men found her and dragged her out. As she was being taken away, she cried out to
Emperor Xian to save her, but his only response was that he had no idea what would happen to him. She
314:
was found guilty of masterminding a conspiracy to assassinate Cao Cao. After
Consort Dong's death, Empress Fu became angry and fearful, so she wrote her father Fu Wan a letter accusing Cao Cao of cruelty and implicitly asking him to come up with a plan to eliminate Cao Cao. Fu Wan was fearful and did
328:
According to "Chronicles of the
Emperor Xian," after Fu Wan had written a letter, he entrusted it to Xun Yu and his brother-in-law Fan Pu. Fan Pu presented it to Cao Cao, which raised concerns for Xun Yu, fearing that it might bring trouble to himself. Xun Yu advised Cao Cao to marry his daughter to
277:
As
Emperor Xian continued his reign of being constantly under the control of one warlord or another, he and Empress Fu were apparently in a loving relationship, but both saw their power increasingly becoming minimal. Later in 195, during Emperor Xian's flight back to the old capital
309:
Empress Fu was apparently not happy about Cao Cao's domination over the imperial court and central government. In
February 200, Emperor Xian's concubine, Consort Dong, was forcibly executed by Cao Cao against the emperor's wishes after her father
315:
not act on the letter, but
Empress Fu's letter was discovered in late 214. Cao Cao was so angry that he forced Emperor Xian to depose Empress Fu. When Emperor Xian was reluctant to do so, Cao Cao sent
320:
was incarcerated and killed along with her two sons (Liu Feng had predeceased his mother on 9 August 200) and more than 100 members of the Fu clan, with her mother Lady Ying and 18 others exiled.
1130:
175:
1192:
286:
arrived in 196 and took
Emperor Xian and the imperial court under control. Cao Cao relocated the imperial capital to his headquarters in Xu County (present-day
1110:
536:
1227:
249:, Lady Fu became an imperial consort. On 20 May 195, while Emperor Xian was largely under the control of Dong Zhuo's subordinates
605:
1146:
174:
Empress Fu Shou is praised in the traditional point of view as one of the last defenders of the failed Han dynasty, alongside
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1114:
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1106:
614:
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of his father's reign. This corresponds to 9 Aug 200 on the Julian calendar. (秋，七月，立皇子冯为南阳王；壬午，冯薨。)
1086:
966:
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783:
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8:
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893:
726:
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651:
453:
382:
302:
215:
160:
156:
114:
230:), but it is not clear whether she was Ying. The Fu family descended from the prominent
996:
883:
873:
711:
671:
515:
235:
297:
1021:
1001:
903:
878:
661:
121:
793:
218:, but she was not Fu Shou's biological mother as Fu Shou's mother was named Ying (
1074:
941:
788:
721:
575:
24:
813:
583:
457:
386:
179:
818:
196:), a seventh generation descendant of the early Eastern Han official Fu Zhan (
163:, the last Han emperor. She is best known for initiating a conspiracy against
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1069:
1016:
898:
773:
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991:
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29:
20:
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246:
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403:
1051:
691:
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931:
778:
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242:
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47:
961:
956:
946:
823:
808:
798:
681:
1046:
316:
287:
283:
279:
185:
168:
164:
951:
803:
254:
291:
389:
19. This corresponds to 8 Jan 215 in the Julian calendar.
273:
illustration of Empress Fu Shou (right) and Emperor Xian
473:(遂将后下暴室，以幽崩.所生二皇子，皆鸩杀之。后在位二十年，兄弟及宗族死者百馀人，母盈等十九人徙涿郡。)
224:). Fu Wan also had a wife with the family name Fan (
1193:Imperial family during the end of the Han dynasty
1169:
613:
257:, he designated Fu Shou as his empress consort.
186:Family background and marriage to Emperor Xian
599:
225:
219:
209:
203:
197:
191:
537:Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms
428:day of the 4th month of the 2nd year of the
241:In 190, as Emperor Xian was being forced by
155:(died 8 January 215) was an empress of the
606:
592:
182:in contrast to Emperor Xian's negligence.
46:
301:Illustration of Concubine Dong, Emperor
296:
264:
208:). Fu Wan's wife was Princess Yang'an (
1170:
202:) and the hereditary Marquis of Buqi (
587:
432:era, per Emperor Xian's biography in
351:Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
16:Empress of the Han dynasty (died 214)
408:(in Chinese). Guoxue.com. 2012-06-25
159:of China. She was the first wife of
373:According to Liu Xie's biography in
13:
1228:People executed by the Han dynasty
14:
1249:
377:, Empress Fu was executed on the
1012:Grand Empress Dowager Qiongcheng
1007:Grand Empress Dowager Shangguan
493:
480:
467:
438:
419:
396:
367:
1:
1131:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
505:Records of the Three Kingdoms
356:
260:
190:Fu Shou's father was Fu Wan (
615:Empresses of the Han dynasty
361:
337:Republic of China historian
332:
323:
245:to move the capital west to
7:
1223:Executed Han dynasty people
567:Empress of the Han dynasty
344:
126:Liu Feng, Prince of Nanyang
10:
1254:
1213:3rd-century Chinese people
1203:2nd-century Chinese people
894:Empress Dowager Qiongcheng
66:20 May 195 – 8 January 215
18:
1208:3rd-century Chinese women
1198:2nd-century Chinese women
1083:
1060:
1037:
1030:
1002:Grand Empress Dowager Dou
982:
975:
922:
889:Empress Dowager Shangguan
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852:
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1022:Grand Empress Dowager Fu
997:Grand Empress Dowager Bo
992:Grand Empress Dowager Lü
404:
167:, the ruler of state of
977:Grand empresses dowager
456:of the 5th year of the
448:, Liu Feng died on the
138:Fu Wan, Marquis of Buqi
55:Empress consort of the
1233:3rd-century executions
306:
274:
1188:Han dynasty empresses
521:Book of the Later Han
434:Book of the Later Han
375:Book of the Later Han
300:
268:
1238:People from Zhucheng
1032:Posthumous empresses
914:Empress Dowager Wang
942:Empress Dowager Dou
879:Empress Dowager Dou
157:Eastern Han dynasty
1178:2nd-century births
967:Empress Dowager He
937:Empress Dowager Ma
904:Empress Dowager Fu
874:Empress Dowager Bo
869:Empress Dowager Lü
307:
275:
1165:
1164:
854:Empresses dowager
687:Empress Shangguan
632:Empresses consort
582:
581:
573:Succeeded by
214:), a daughter of
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149:
1245:
1218:Murdered royalty
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558:Preceded by
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477:, vol.10, part 2
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381:day of the 11th
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978:
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789:Empress Zhangde
760:
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633:
626:
617:
612:
578:
576:Empress Cao Jie
569:
563:
552:Chinese royalty
534:(5th century).
518:(5th century).
502:(3rd century).
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452:day of the 7th
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462:Zizhi Tongjian
446:Zizhi Tongjian
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365:
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305:and Empress Fu
262:
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187:
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180:Empress Xianmu
148:
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132:
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129:two other sons
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118:
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85:Empress Xianmu
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75:Empress Lingsi
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1070:Consort Liang
1068:
1067:
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1053:
1050:
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1018:
1017:Wang Zhengjun
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1005:
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899:Wang Zhengjun
897:
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797:
795:
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782:
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774:Guo Shengtong
772:
771:
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749:
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742:
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728:
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707:Wang Zhengjun
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542:Sanguozhi zhu
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444:According to
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26:
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1119:N. Dynasties
1115:S. Dynasties
1075:Consort Song
838:
829:Empress Song
814:Liang Nüying
748:Empress Wang
727:Empress Wang
702:Empress Wang
697:Huo Chengjun
566:
541:
535:
525:
519:
509:
503:
494:Bibliography
482:
474:
469:
461:
449:
445:
440:
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429:
425:
421:
410:. Retrieved
398:
390:
378:
374:
369:
336:
327:
308:
276:
271:Qing dynasty
240:
216:Emperor Huan
189:
173:
161:Emperor Xian
152:
151:
128:
115:Emperor Xian
28:
21:Chinese name
1111:16 Kingdoms
1062:Eastern Han
1039:Western Han
984:Western Han
924:Eastern Han
909:Zhao Feiyan
861:Western Han
844:Empress Cao
819:Deng Mengnü
794:Empress Yin
766:Eastern Han
755:Empress Shi
738:Xin dynasty
717:Zhao Feiyan
662:Empress Dou
639:Western Han
624:Han dynasty
532:Pei Songzhi
458:Jian'an Era
71:Predecessor
57:Han dynasty
25:family name
1183:214 deaths
1172:Categories
1103:3 Kingdoms
1052:Lady Gouyi
834:Empress He
784:Empress Ma
722:Empress Fu
712:Empress Xu
692:Xu Pingjun
667:Empress Bo
657:Empress Lü
647:Empress Lü
561:Empress He
412:2013-05-21
357:References
312:Dong Cheng
261:As empress
932:Yin Lihua
779:Yin Lihua
677:Chen Jiao
652:Zhang Yan
526:Houhanshu
510:Sanguozhi
500:Chen Shou
475:Houhanshu
430:Xing'ping
393:, vol. 09
391:Houhanshu
362:Citations
339:Lü Simian
333:Appraisal
324:Anecdotes
243:Dong Zhuo
232:Confucian
176:Lady Dong
106:8 Jan 215
81:Successor
962:Dou Miao
957:Liang Na
947:Deng Sui
884:Wang Zhi
824:Dou Miao
809:Liang Na
799:Deng Sui
682:Wei Zifu
672:Wang Zhi
570:195–214
345:See also
247:Chang'an
236:Fu Sheng
234:scholar
19:In this
1047:Lady Li
839:Fu Shou
464:vol. 63
387:Jian'an
379:dingmao
317:Hua Xin
288:Xuchang
284:Cao Cao
280:Luoyang
169:Cao Wei
165:Cao Cao
153:Fu Shou
98:Unknown
39:Fu Shou
1143:W. Xia
1085:Xia →
952:Yan Ji
804:Yan Ji
516:Fan Ye
255:Guo Si
251:Li Jue
143:Mother
135:Father
111:Spouse
63:Tenure
23:, the
1087:Shang
454:month
450:renwu
426:jiawu
383:month
292:Henan
122:Issue
1159:Qing
1155:Ming
1151:Yuan
1139:Song
1135:Liao
1127:Tang
1091:Zhou
303:Xian
253:and
211:陽安公主
178:and
146:Ying
103:Died
95:Born
1147:Jīn
1123:Sui
1107:Jìn
1099:Han
1095:Qin
385:of
294:).
205:不其侯
27:is
1174::
1157:→
1153:→
1149:→
1145:/
1141:/
1137:/
1133:→
1129:→
1125:→
1121:→
1117:/
1113:→
1109:/
1105:→
1101:→
1097:→
1093:→
1089:→
544:).
528:).
512:).
405:伏胜
290:,
269:A
238:.
199:伏湛
193:伏完
171:.
41:伏壽
30:Fu
757:)
753:(
750:)
746:(
740:)
736:(
607:e
600:t
593:v
540:(
524:(
508:(
415:.
227:樊
221:盈
33:.
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