815:. They were married on January 7, 1862, at St. George's Church in St. Louis. He and Catherine had five children, four of whom died in infancy: Caroline Elizabeth, born in July 1863 at St. Louis; died before her first birthday; Katherine Norman, born in December 1868 at Fort Harker, Kansas; died a year later; Francis "Fannie" Gibson Norman, born in April 1872 at Nashville, Tennessee; died at eight months; Theodore Norman, born April 1875 at Fort Rice, North Dakota; died that winter. Their fourth child, Frederick Wilson, born March 27, 1873, at Atlanta, Georgia, survived, living until July 20, 1956. Like his father, he pursued a military career, rising to Lt. Colonel.
670:, Custer divided his force into three battalions. He assigned Benteen command of a battalion comprising Troops D, H and K, tasked with searching on the left flank and securing any possible escape route. Benteen searched fruitlessly through rough ground for about two hours before returning to the trail of the main column. At a marshy crossing of Reno Creek ("the morass"), he stopped twenty minutes to water the horses. Some of his officers were concerned with the delay; one asked, "I wonder what the old man is keeping us here for." Just before leaving, they heard the sound of gunfire in the distance. Captain
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battleground after his scouting trip he saw Major Reno's demoralized men attempting to organize a defensive position on the bluff and he chose to join them. This decision assured Custer's death. It would seem, therefore, that
Benteen must be condemned; yet if he had tried to carry out the order it is possible his three companies would have been hacked to pieces en route. Then Reno's weakened command surely would have collapsed, and when General Terry arrived he would count every single man of the Seventh Cavalry dead.
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Indians back just as it seemed the soldiers would be overrun. Cool and calm (at one point he lay down for a nap), Benteen walked among his troops encouraging them. When his men urged him to get down, he replied that he was protected by some charm his wife had sewn in his uniform. He was wounded in the thumb, and the heel was shot off one of his boots.
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devised a plan of punitive reprisals. His troops would respond to Indian attacks by entering their winter encampments, destroying supplies and livestock, and killing those who resisted. The cavalry was directed to travel in the dead of winter through a largely uncharted region, which required daring
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encampment. Benteen's failure to promptly comply with Custer's orders is one of the most controversial aspects of the famed battle. The fight resulted in the death of Custer and the complete annihilation of the five companies of cavalrymen which comprised Custer's detachment, but
Benteen's relief of
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Just then, Benteen arrived. Looking at the situation, he realized this was "a hell of a place to fight
Indians." He decided they must retreat to their original position, now called the "Reno-Benteen defense site". Here Benteen quickly established a horseshoe-shaped defensive perimeter on the bluffs
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As they approached the Little
Bighorn River, Benteen was met by a messenger from Custer, soon followed by another, both saying that a big village had been found and that Benteen should immediately come up. A note delivered to him read: "Come on. Big village. Be quick. Bring packs. PS: Bring packs."
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newspaper and published without
Benteen's permission or name. On its publication Custer called the officers together and threatened to 'horsewhip' the author. Without revealing that the letter had been published without his knowledge or permission, Benteen admitted authorship, albeit with a hand on
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On
October 13, Benteen and his men were assigned to escort a wagon train loaded with weapons and ammunition meant for the regiment. They reached the wagon train just as a war party began to attack. Benteen drove off the warriors, saving the wagon train from capture. Later following the trail of the
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When
General Terry and his staff reached him, Benteen asked if he knew "where Custer had gone." Terry answered, "To the best of my knowledge and belief, he lies on this ridge about four miles below here with all his command killed." Benteen could not believe it. Later they rode to the battlefield,
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As night fell, the attack slackened off, while the large Lakota village was alive with celebration. About 2:30 a.m., two rifle shots signaled a resumption of the attack. Whatever his reluctance earlier, Benteen took charge of the force, leading at least one, perhaps three, charges which drove
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Attacks on the soldiers dwindled by the afternoon of June 26. By 4:00 p.m., gunfire had stopped altogether. By 5:00 p.m., thick smoke obscured the village. The smoke cleared by sunset, revealing the entire village moving away "two to three and a half miles long and from half a mile to a
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Benteen explained to the 1879 Court of
Inquiry why he did what he did, and his reasoning is equally clear from subsequent remarks. He thought it impossible to obey; to do so would have been suicide. "We were at their hearths and homes," he said, referring to the Sioux, "their medicine was working
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Custer, in his battle report to
Sheridan, made little reference to US casualties. During the action itself, the 7th lost only one man killed (Captain Hamilton) and seven wounded. However, shortly after the battle, Major Elliott and 19 men had pursued escaping warriors up the river and had yet to
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frontier. In late July 1868, Benteen led an expedition to provide security for the Indian agents near Fort Larned. On August 13, Benteen, commanding 30 troopers, encountered a Cheyenne raiding party along the banks of Elk Horn Creek near Fort Zarah. He charged into a force of what appeared to be
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as U.S. President in 1860 polarized the country and the state. While a slave state, Missouri had many Union sympathizers and active abolitionists. Theodore Charles Benteen, an ardent secessionist, vehemently opposed his son's associating with Unionists. A family crisis was ignited when Frederick
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After a delay of at least half an hour waiting for orders, Captain Weir rode north about a mile toward the sound of gunfire to the present-day Weir Point, followed by his company. There they could see a cloud of dust and smoke some three miles farther north. They assumed it was Custer. As they
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had attacked the southwest corner of the large village, farther down the Little Bighorn River, and had been routed with heavy casualties. The tattered remains of the battalion struggled to cross the river and climb the bluffs, pursued by many warriors. Benteen met up with the remnants of the
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Benteen has been criticized by some military analysts because he failed to obey (Custer's) instructions. He received the note, he read it, he thought enough of it to tuck it in a pocket, but he did not get the ammunition packs and rush forward to Custer's aid. Instead, as he approached the
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about fifty warriors. To Benteen's surprise, he next discovered more than 200 Cheyenne raiding a ranch. Benteen pursued the Cheyenne without rest until dark, engaging them throughout the day without respite. This first undisputed victory of the 7th US Cavalry brought Benteen a brevet to
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mile wide ... as if someone was moving a heavy carpet over the ground." moving south. Overnight, Army stragglers from Reno's battalion, given up for dead, wandered in. Finally, during the morning of June 27, the survivors could see a cloud of dust downriver. It turned out to be Generals
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Benteen subsequently served in the U.S. Cavalry another 12 years, being both honored by promotion and disgraced with a conviction for drunkenness by a military tribunal. He retired for health reasons in 1888, and lived a further decade until his death from natural causes at age 63.
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leadership. Sheridan turned to Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer, who was brought back early from his court-martial and given the mission. Sheridan trusted only Custer with such a deed, and in November 1868 Custer returned to his regiment under special orders from Sheridan.
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On November 23, 1868, Custer left Camp Supply with the 11 companies of the 7th US Cavalry, heading toward the Washita River. On November 27, the 7th surrounded a Cheyenne encampment at the river. Just before dawn, Custer launched a four-pronged
491:. (Len Eagleburger's book places Benteen at the Battle of Wilson's Creek in August 1861.) The 1st Missouri Volunteer Cavalry was often referred to as "Bowen's Battalion." It was later redesignated as the 9th and then merged into the
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from Baltimore shortly after the birth of their first child, Henrietta Elizabeth, in October 1831. Frederick Benteen was educated at the Petersburg Classical Institute, where he was first trained in military drill. His family moved to
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Captain Benteen still commanded H Troop of the Seventh US Cavalry regiment during an 1876 expedition to find the Lakota and Cheyenne and force them onto reservations. On June 25, 1876, still searching approximately 12 miles from the
576:. Benteen said later that he regarded Custer as a braggart from their first meeting (and his dislike deepened throughout his years of service under the man). Meanwhile, on March 27, 1867, Benteen's wife gave birth to their son in
718:, who was deaf in one ear—also heard it. Both Reno and Benteen claimed they never heard it. Further, they did not at once advance to find out, which would later give rise to charges that they had abandoned Custer.
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was already mounted at the head of the column. Pointing ahead, he said of Custer's companies, "They ought to be over there," and started his company forward. Benteen ordered the rest of the battalion to advance.
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return: as such they were posted as missing. It later emerged that Elliott (who rode off with the cry "Here's for a brevet or a coffin!") had been surrounded and killed by the Cheyenne, along with all his men.
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The slow pack mules, carrying reserve ammunition and guarded by B Troop, had reached the marsh and were slaking their thirst. After first waiting for the pack train, Benteen decided to move on without them.
569:. He was assigned to this regiment for 16 years, through many of the Indian Wars. Until 1882, except for periods of leave and detached duty, Benteen commanded H Troop of the 7th US Cavalry.
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In the aftermath of the battle, Benteen's decision to remain with Reno, rather than continuing on at once to seek Custer, was much criticized. One veteran of the battle said decades later:
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Reno proved incompetent and Benteen showed his indifference – I will not use the uglier words that have often been in my mind. Both failed Custer and he had to fight it out alone.
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Benteen Elementary School in Atlanta, Georgia is named for Frederick Benteen's son, Frederick Wilson Benteen, who grew up there and had a military career.
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Benteen concluded that Custer had abandoned Elliott and wrote to a friend criticizing the senior officer over this. The letter was passed to the
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While stationed in eastern Missouri in 1856, Benteen became acquainted with Catharine "Kate" Louisa Norman, a young woman recently arrived in
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541:. Meanwhile, the Senate finally approved awards of brevet ranks to distinguished veterans of the Civil War. Benteen received brevets of
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reduced his sentence to a one-year suspension. Benteen retired on July 7, 1888, citing disability from rheumatism and heart disease.
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Benteen was promoted to major, 9th U.S. Cavalry, in December 1882. In 1887, he was suspended for drunk and disorderly conduct at
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Shortly afterward, they were surprised that the pursuing warriors began to turn away from them and head north. Three miles back,
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On the Little Bighorn with Walter Camp: A Collection of Walter Mason Camp's Letters, Notes and Opinions on Custer's Last Fight
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watched, however, they saw warriors emerging from the smoke, heading toward them, "thick as grasshoppers in a harvest field."
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battalion on Reno Hill, and Reno called out "For God's sake Benteen! Halt your command and help me! I've lost half my men!"
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his pistol. Custer did not attempt a whipping but dismissed the matter with a curt "Mister Benteen, I will see you later".
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In January 1867, Benteen departed for his new assignment with the 7th US Cavalry Regiment and its field commander Lt. Col.
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After scouting the area of the left flank as ordered, Captain Benteen received a note from his superior officer
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Benteen died in Atlanta, Georgia, on June 22, 1898, leaving his widow Kate and son Frederick. He was buried in
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near where he and Reno had met earlier. They were attacked immediately and throughout the rest of the day.
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ordering him to quickly bring up the ammunition packs and join him in Custer's surprise attack on a large
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Shortly thereafter he was appointed to the rank of colonel as commander of the 138th Infantry Regiment,
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Private William Taylor, M Troop 7th US cavalry, veteran of Little Bighorn. Letter of 21 February 1910
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On January 30, 1867, Benteen made a customary courtesy call to the quarters of Custer and his wife
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Burial Detail: Benteen, Frederick William (Section 3, Grave 1351, Interment Date: November 1, 1902
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Harvest of Barren Regrets: The Army Career of Frederick William Benteen, 1834–1898
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well, and they were fighting for all the good God gives anyone to fight for."
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The Reno Court of Inquiry: Abstract of the Official Record of the Proceeding
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Touched by Fire: The Life, Death, and Afterlife of George Armstrong Custer
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where Benteen identified Custer's body. "By God, he said, "that is him."
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raiding party, the 7th US Cavalry came upon a Cheyenne encampment on the
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Meanwhile, the battalion made up of Troops A, G and M, and led by Major
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Frederick Benteen: Oath of Office as Captain in the 7th Cavalry, 1866
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The Custer Battle Casualties: Burials, Exhumations, and Reinternments
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19:"Benteen" redirects here. For the music publisher and composer, see
1133:. (Lincoln, NE: The university of Nebraska Press, 1974), pp. 43-44.
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The Fighting 10th: The History of the 10th Missouri Cavalry US
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on February 27, 1890, for his actions in that campaign at the
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526:. Benteen was mustered out at the war's end on June 30, 1865.
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Men with Custer: Biographies of the 7th Cavalry June 25, 1876
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1072:. (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1974), p. 217
1185:. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2000), p. 260
1020:. (Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1995), pp. 194–195.
942:. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990), p. 75.
1209:, on Atlanta school system site; Retrieved March 9, 2012.
1059:. (New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1996), p. 311.
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Custer: The Controversial Life of George Armstrong Custer
1146:. (Hardin, MT: Custer Battlefield Museum, 1996), p. 780.
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The Benteen-Goldin Letters on Custer and his Last Battle
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The Benteen-Goldin Letters on Custer and His Last Battle
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As captain of H Troop, Benteen led a squadron of Major
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Son of The Morning Star: Custer and the Little Bighorn
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Custer in '76: Walter Camp's Notes on the Custer Fight
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United States Army personnel who were court-martialed
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In response to the continued Cheyenne raids, General
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and the adoration of the settlers of central Kansas.
1172:. (El Segundo, CA: Upton and Sons, 1989), pp. 19-20.
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Benteen participated in numerous battles during the
434:'s battalion may have saved them from annihilation.
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
981:. (San Francisco: North Point Press, 1984), p. 281
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1183:To Hell with Honor: Custer and the Little Bighorn
1085:(San Francisco: North Point Press, 1984), p. 281.
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1237:, Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1986
1144:Official Transcript of the Reno Court of Inquiry
791:. He was convicted and faced dismissal from the
518:. On February 27, 1864, Benteen was promoted to
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446:Frederick Benteen was born August 24, 1834, in
1240:Hammer, Kenneth, edited by Ronald H. Nichols,
955:. (El Segundo, CA: Upton and Sons, 2002)p. 219
848:. Benteen's remains were later re-interred at
462:. Theodore and Caroline moved their family to
1372:Recipients of American presidential clemency
1362:Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
1342:People of Missouri in the American Civil War
1207:"Frederick Wilson Benteen Elementary School"
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1251:, Glendale, CA: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1985.
914:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp.
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489:1st Missouri Volunteer Cavalry Regiment
1347:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
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1230:. El Segundo, CA: Upton and Sons, 1999
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16:United States Army officer (1834–1898)
1337:People of the Great Sioux War of 1876
1120:Kenneth Hammer, Custer in '76, p. 81.
599:Frederick Benteen in his later years
54:adding citations to reliable sources
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1265:(Bloomington, IN: 1stBooks), 2004.
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146:Frederick Benteen circa 1865
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215:United States of America
1083:Son of the Morning Star
992:Son of the Morning Star
697:Son of the Morning Star
630:Battle of Washita River
567:George Armstrong Custer
423:George Armstrong Custer
337:Battle of Pleasant Hill
1288:June 16, 2014, at the
778:Battle of Canyon Creek
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524:10th Missouri Cavalry
522:and commander of the
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442:Early life and career
369:Battle of the Washita
297:10th Missouri Cavalry
241:Years of service
668:Little Bighorn River
547:Battle of Mine Creek
448:Petersburg, Virginia
418:in late June, 1876.
352:Battle of Mine Creek
165:Petersburg, Virginia
50:improve this article
1332:Union Army colonels
1296:Complete transcript
1247:Mills, Charles K.,
1224:Custer's Last Fight
839:William Y. Atkinson
789:Fort Duchesne, Utah
531:U.S. Colored Troops
469:St. Louis, Missouri
327:Battle of Pea Ridge
65:"Frederick Benteen"
1261:Eagleburger, Len.
951:Richard Hardorff,
884:Sifakis, Stewart.
846:Charles A. Collier
770:Nez Perce campaign
653:St. Louis Democrat
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551:lieutenant colonel
520:lieutenant colonel
500:American Civil War
396:American Civil War
357:Battle of Columbus
347:Battle of Westport
342:Siege of Vicksburg
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1129:John M. Carroll,
1081:Evan S. Connell,
1068:John M. Carroll,
1042:Kenneth Hammer,
990:Evan S. Connell,
977:Evan S. Connell,
894:978-0-8160-1055-4
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67: –
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61:Find sources:
55:
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39:This article
37:
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27:
22:
21:F. D. Benteen
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1226:, Volume I,
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978:
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896:. pp. 49–50.
885:
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841:and Atlanta
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813:Philadelphia
806:
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748:
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736:Alfred Terry
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641:Black Kettle
637:Joel Elliott
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528:
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420:
402:against the
391:
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310:Battles/wars
272:Regular Army
260:(Union Army)
177:(1898-06-22)
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
1317:1898 deaths
1312:1834 births
740:John Gibbon
704:Marcus Reno
672:Thomas Weir
479:joined the
471:, in 1849.
452:Netherlands
432:Marcus Reno
364:Indian Wars
1306:Categories
859:References
481:Union Army
235:Union Army
204:Allegiance
158:1834-08-24
76:newspapers
1159:, p. 249.
1111:, p. 143.
1098:, p. 129.
1007:, p. 101.
994:, p. 281.
809:St. Louis
574:Elizabeth
512:Vicksburg
508:Pea Ridge
456:Baltimore
244:1861–1888
1286:Archived
1046:, p. 76.
1033:, p. 70.
968:, p. 75.
836:Governor
756:—
553:for the
545:for the
516:Westport
464:Virginia
460:Maryland
293:Commands
225:Service/
833:Georgia
829:Atlanta
782:Chicago
608:in the
590:colonel
578:Atlanta
537:in the
535:captain
487:in the
414:at the
258:Colonel
90:scholar
1269:
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803:Family
585:Kansas
514:, and
430:Major
404:Lakota
286:Brevet
227:branch
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916:17–18
843:mayor
811:from
543:major
268:Major
219:Union
97:JSTOR
83:books
1267:ISBN
1253:ISBN
920:ISBN
890:ISBN
793:Army
738:and
549:and
406:and
249:Rank
184:, US
172:Died
167:, US
152:Born
69:news
827:in
694:in
52:by
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