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for a factory: the availability of cotton, and at a much cheaper rate, as acknowledged by the prosperous
Portuguese settlement of Sao Tôme, the nearness of the Portuguese, upon whom could be counted as neutral spectators if not active supporters in times of war, particularly influenced the English in
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Indian merchants and artificers were attracted to the settlement and encouraged to build houses therein under a promise of exemptions from import taxes for a period of thirty years. It is said that within the first year of the life of the settlement, there arose some seventy to eighty substantial
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The bastions were first built and erection of the curtain walls connecting them proceeded more slowly as funds permitted. The whole Fort took fourteen years to construct and was finished only in 1653. It measured about 100 yards by north to south and by 80 yards east to west. On its northern and
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The chief difficulty, as usual with the
English in those days, was lack of money. At last, in February 1640, Day and Cogan accompanied by a few factors and writers, a garrison of about 25 European soldiers and a few other European artificers, besides a Hindu powder-maker by name Naga Battan,
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their choice, the land allocated under the grant to the
English in 1639, was a piece of land lying between the river Cooum, almost at the point at which it enters the sea and another river known as Egmore river, also a factor of safety important in those turbulent times.
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was rendered useless, having to weigh anchor and move out to sea at low tide. Merchantmen too found the same flaw, though for different reasons – they would have to wait until high tide to bring goods and passengers ashore or risk wetting them in the
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to choose the area comprising the modern-day
Georgetown for settlement. Day and his superior, Andrew Cogan, investigated the proposed site and examined trading possibilities. The results were favorable and Day secured a grant offering the
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proceeded to Madras and started the
English factory. They reached Madraspatnam on 20 February; and this date is important because it marks the first actual settlement of the English at the place.
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was dated August 1639, and after obtaining the approval of the
Factory at Masulipatnam and the Presidency of Bantam (in Java), the settlement of Madraspatnam was begun.
242:, for his choice of the location of the fort, due to immense difficulties in anchoring ships in Madras Roads. This meant that at various important junctures in the
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houses to the north and south of the Fort while in the village of
Madraspatnam nearly four hundred families of weavers had come to settle permanently.
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In 1637, Francis Day, then a member of the
Masulipatnam Council and Chief of the Armagon Factory, undertook a voyage of exploration down the
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southern sides buildings and streets sprang up and constituted what came to be known later as the White Town.
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Francis Day was born to
William Day of Bray and his wife Helen Wentworth, the daughter of a member of the
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from 1632 to 1639. In 1639, he negotiated the purchase of a strip of land south of the Dutch factory at
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was built. He served as the second Agent of Madras from 1643 to 1644. Along with
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It is widely presumed that
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Day and Cogan were jointly responsible for the construction of
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and joined the services of the East India Company in 1632.
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from Official website, Chennai district profile, history.
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boats used as ferries between the fort and Madras Roads.
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Plan of Fort St George and the city of Madras in 1726.
127:(1605–1673) was an administrator associated with the
131:. He served as a factor of the company's factory at
238:Day was, however, sorely criticised by captains of
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139:from the Raja of Chandragiri, where the town of
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167:in 1595. Francis completed his education from
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419:Governors of Madras
295:Governors of Madras
414:History of Chennai
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129:East India Company
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111:August 2016
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