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is an example of how these elements work together to produce a formalist effect: the shot selection goes from very wide to very close and tense; the length of shots decreases as the sequence progresses towards its end; the music builds. All of these elements, in combination rather than individually,
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First, the auteur theory was created to redeem the art of film itself. By arguing that films had auteurs, or authors, Truffaut sought to make films and their directors as accepted as art forms, such as literature, music, and painting. Each of these art forms is concerned with a sole creative force:
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People argue that when using an ideological approach, the style or 'language' of these films is directly affected by social, economic, and political pressures. It is this branch of criticism that gives us categories such as the classical
Hollywood cinema, the American independent movement, the new
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Secondly, the auteur theory sought to redeem filmmakers who were looked down upon by mainstream film critics. This theory argues that genre filmmakers and low-budget B-movies are equally important as the prestige pictures given more press and legitimacy in countries such as France and the United
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the author of a novel, the composer of a piece of music, or the painter of a fresco. By elevating the director, and not the screenwriter, to the same importance as novelists, composers, or painters, the auteur theory is able to free the cinema from being discredited as a lesser art form.
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While the ideological approach is concerned with broad movements and the effects of the world around the filmmaker, the auteur theory celebrates the individual and how their personal decisions, thoughts, and style manifest themselves in the material.
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States. According to
Truffaut's theory, auteurs took moldable material such as a thriller, a pulpy action film, or a romance and, through their style, made the pieces their own.
226:. In both these cases, the common denominator for formalist criticism is style. Ideologues focus on how socio-economic pressures create a particular style, and auteurists on how
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put their own stamp on the material. Formalism is concerned with style and how the film communicates ideas, emotions, and themes rather than on the themes of a work itself.
261:, "mood" music, and dissolves. The socio-economic ideological explanation for this is style involves Hollywood's desire to monetarily profit and appeal to ticket-buyers.
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A formalist considers the synthesis of several elements, such as editing, shot composition, and music. The shoot-out that ends
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280:: this is because during the war and post-war years filmmakers and filmgoers tended to have a pessimistic outlook. Also, the
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Two examples of ideological interpretations that are related to formalism are the classical
Hollywood cinema and film noir.
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immigrated to
America and brought their stylized lighting effects and disillusionment due to the war to American soil.
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that states a
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Emphasis on style & form over content or possible meanings of films
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Formalism incorporates ideological and auteurist branches of
422:"How Fritz Lang's Flight from Nazi Germany Shaped Hollywood"
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Out of the
Shadows: Expanding the Canon of Classic Film Noir
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queer cinema, and the French, German, and Czech new waves.
174:. Today, formalist film theory is a recognized approach in
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
383:, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 1976, Part I.
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464:; Oxford University Press; 6th edition (March 2004).
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considers the synthesis of the multiple elements of
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708:New Review of Film and Television Studies
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
65:Learn how and when to remove this message
701:Journal of Popular Film & Television
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381:The Major Film Theories: An Introduction
257:: continuity editing, massive coverage,
90:This article includes a list of general
457:; McGraw-Hill; 7th edition (June 2003).
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255:institutional mode of representation
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455:Film Art: An Introduction
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111:more precise citations.
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537:Linguistic film theory
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45:by rewriting it in an
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552:Formalist film theory
527:Cognitive film theory
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140:Formalist film theory
564:Feminist film theory
469:Understanding Movies
259:three-point lighting
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399:. Scarecrow Press.
532:Historical poetics
460:Braudy, Leo, ed.,
343:Medium specificity
199:continuity editing
142:is an approach to
47:encyclopedic style
34:is written like a
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769:Film theory
559:Continental
426:Daily.JStor
172:Béla Balázs
144:film theory
109:introducing
763:Categories
548:Classical
514:Approaches
445:References
333:Clive Bell
274:Nino Frank
152:set design
92:references
55:March 2023
270:Film noir
265:Film noir
224:criticism
195:Hollywood
187:Formalism
617:Scholars
522:Analytic
432:June 21,
322:See also
278:nihilism
203:jump cut
182:Overview
428:. JSTOR
228:auteurs
156:editing
148:scoring
105:improve
41:Please
715:Screen
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170:, and
94:, but
364:Notes
434:2024
401:ISBN
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