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Foot-lambert

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Military specifications for illuminated switches, panels, and displays, such as MIL-PRF-22885 and SAE AS7788, also require luminance measurements in foot-lamberts. Luminance levels can vary from hundreds of foot-lamberts for sunlight readable switch displays per MIL-PRF-22885 to only a few
125: 55:(1728–1777), a Swiss-German mathematician, physicist and astronomer. It is rarely used by electrical and lighting engineers, who prefer the candela per square foot or candela per square meter units. 278: 1603: 192: 161: 2184: 240: 258:(SMPTE) recommended, in SMPTE 196M, a screen luminance of 16 foot-lamberts for commercial movie theaters, when measured "open-gate" (i.e. with no film in the 1585: 214: 277:
industry to measure the highlight brightness of visual display systems. The minimum required highlight brightness varies based on the type and level of
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recommend that photometric quantities be denoted with a subscript "v" (for "visual") to avoid confusion with radiometric or
312: 262:). (Typical base density of 0.05 yields peak white of about 14 fL.) The current revision of SMPTE 196M specifies 55 282: 216:
is the reflectivity, expressed as a fractional number (for example, a grey card with 18% reflectivity would have
305: 1594: 334: 32: 70:. For real diffuse reflectors, the ratio of luminance to illuminance in these units is roughly equal to the 917: 2179: 286: 1452: 168: 137: 2148: 2088: 1104: 329: 263: 44: 910: 52: 1981: 1480: 59: 2189: 1617: 16:
Unit of measurement; 1/π candela per square foot; approximately 3.43 candela per square metre
219: 2141: 2057: 2007: 8: 2174: 2073: 2047: 2032: 1468: 1427: 1393: 1019: 2083: 2078: 1049: 199: 2129: 1348: 1298: 1221: 1181: 274: 251: 1467:" are for length, time and luminous intensity respectively, not the symbols for the 1976: 1876: 966: 259: 1563: 2125: 2052: 2012: 1881: 881: 857: 386: 247: 2168: 1955: 1917: 1851: 1010: 293:
foot-lamberts in night conditions for panels in accordance with SAE AS7788.
281:(FSTD), but is generally 3–6 foot-lamberts for most devices qualified under 2002: 1912: 1897: 1831: 1667: 1652: 1341: 1026: 986: 981: 869: 346: 2042: 2022: 1902: 1836: 1810: 1769: 1705: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1136: 1082: 893: 887: 380: 375: 71: 67: 63: 40: 2037: 2017: 1986: 1960: 1805: 1774: 1764: 1743: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1647: 1432: 1236: 1127: 863: 267: 1932: 1856: 1815: 1501: 1499: 1497: 1089: 1030: 62:
diffuse reflecting surface in foot-lamberts is equal to the incident
28: 1927: 1759: 875: 365: 1494: 1125:
source area. The candela per square metre is sometimes called the
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and some other unit systems. A foot-lambert equals 1/π or 0.3183
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Luminous efficacy normalized by the maximum possible efficacy
1907: 1784: 1841: 1779: 1700: 1662: 1642: 1622: 1366: 1360: 1318: 1312: 1922: 1157: 1151: 120:{\displaystyle L_{\mathrm {v} }=E_{\mathrm {v} }\times R} 1489:
USA Standard Letter Symbols for Illuminating Engineering
1422: 222: 202: 171: 140: 83: 1445: 250:
industry for measuring the luminance of images on a
2185:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
256:Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers 234: 208: 186: 155: 119: 1593: 2166: 2149: 1579: 918: 313: 1474: 1388:Ratio of luminous flux to power consumption 1121:Luminous flux per unit solid angle per unit 2156: 2142: 1586: 1572: 925: 911: 320: 306: 1001:The lumen second is sometimes called the 194:is the illuminance, in foot-candles, and 27:(fL, sometimes fl or ft-L) is a unit of 2167: 1567: 946: 942: 939: 936: 301: 273:The foot-lambert is also used in the 2108: 1604:Comparison with imperial unit system 1505:Alternative symbols sometimes seen: 163:is the luminance, in foot-lamberts, 51:). The foot-lambert is named after 13: 1521:for luminous efficacy of a source. 1451:The symbols in this column denote 178: 147: 105: 90: 14: 2201: 2094:Foot–pound–second system of units 279:Flight Simulation Training Device 2112: 1154:(= lumen per square metre) 246:The foot-lambert is used in the 187:{\displaystyle E_{\mathrm {v} }} 156:{\displaystyle L_{\mathrm {v} }} 74:of the surface. Mathematically, 283:Federal Aviation Administration 1552: 1543: 1534: 1044:Luminous energy per unit time 1: 1595:United States customary units 1528: 1275:lumen second per cubic metre 1067:(= lumen per steradian) 33:United States customary units 2128:. You can help Knowledge by 1257:Time-integrated illuminance 7: 1491:USAS Z7.1-1967, Y10.18-1967 848: 58:The luminance of a perfect 10: 2206: 2107: 1987:Kilopounds per square inch 1340:Ratio of luminous flux to 853:Other units of luminance: 287:Joint Aviation Authorities 2089:English Engineering Units 2066: 1995: 1969: 1943: 1890: 1869: 1824: 1798: 1752: 1721: 1714: 1678: 1610: 1601: 1487:quantities. For example: 1417: 1392: 1347: 1297: 1261: 1220: 1180: 1135: 1088: 1048: 1009: 965: 960: 957: 954: 951: 779:1 ⁄ 30.48 ⁄ 769:1 ⁄ 0.3048 ⁄ 761: 714: 653: 592: 545: 478: 409: 393: 391: 385: 379: 374: 364: 362: 345: 328: 1996:Other units and measures 1262:Luminous energy density 1109:cd/m (= lm/(sr⋅m)) 1105:candela per square metre 905:SI photometry quantities 264:candela per square meter 45:candela per square meter 1517:for luminous flux, and 1481:Standards organizations 1471:litre, tesla and joule. 1396:, luminous coefficient 1197:lumen per square metre 1081:Luminous flux per unit 795:1 ⁄ 0.3048 53:Johann Heinrich Lambert 2124:-related article is a 1982:Pounds per square inch 236: 235:{\displaystyle R=0.18} 210: 188: 157: 121: 1618:Thousandth of an inch 1509:for luminous energy, 1184:, luminous emittance 237: 211: 189: 158: 122: 2058:Ton of refrigeration 2008:British thermal unit 220: 200: 169: 138: 81: 2074:American wire gauge 2048:Pound-foot (torque) 2033:Foot-pound (energy) 1394:Luminous efficiency 933: 298: 297:Units of luminance 289:(JAA) regulations. 47:(the corresponding 2180:Units of luminance 2084:Body jewelry sizes 2079:Avoirdupois system 1050:Luminous intensity 1036:lm (= cd⋅sr) 902: 296: 232: 206: 184: 153: 117: 2137: 2136: 2102: 2101: 1865: 1864: 1441: 1440: 1349:Luminous efficacy 1299:Luminous efficacy 1222:Luminous exposure 1182:Luminous exitance 1013:, luminous power 846: 845: 828:10 ⁄ 0.3048 815:10 ⁄ 0.3048 802:10 ⁄ 0.3048 275:flight simulation 252:projection screen 209:{\displaystyle R} 2197: 2158: 2151: 2144: 2116: 2109: 1719: 1718: 1588: 1581: 1574: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1550: 1547: 1541: 1538: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1503: 1492: 1478: 1472: 1449: 1401: 1356: 1308: 1272: 1233: 1194: 1148: 1101: 1061: 1029:(= candela 1023: 978: 934: 927: 920: 913: 906: 901: 837: 835: 829: 824: 822: 816: 811: 809: 803: 796: 791: 789: 783: 782: 773: 772: 754: 732: 729:1 ⁄ 724: 710: 708: 701: 680: 675: 668: 663: 649: 647: 640: 619: 614: 607: 602: 568: 563: 555: 539: 531: 525: 520: 513: 508: 501: 496: 472: 465: 460: 453: 448: 441: 436: 428: 412: 405: 403: 372: 360: 356: 343: 338: 322: 315: 308: 299: 295: 241: 239: 238: 233: 215: 213: 212: 207: 193: 191: 190: 185: 183: 182: 181: 162: 160: 159: 154: 152: 151: 150: 126: 124: 123: 118: 110: 109: 108: 95: 94: 93: 2205: 2204: 2200: 2199: 2198: 2196: 2195: 2194: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2067:Related systems 2062: 1991: 1977:Inch of mercury 1965: 1939: 1886: 1877:Feet per second 1861: 1820: 1794: 1748: 1710: 1674: 1606: 1597: 1592: 1562: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1544: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1526: 1525: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1504: 1495: 1479: 1475: 1450: 1446: 1437: 1399: 1354: 1304: 1301:(of radiation) 1271: 1265: 1232: 1226: 1216:from a surface 1193: 1187: 1147: 1141: 1100: 1094: 1073:(= lm/sr) 1060: 1054: 1022: 1016: 977: 971: 967:Luminous energy 944: 932: 931: 904: 884: (blondel) 851: 833: 831: 830: 827: 820: 818: 817: 814: 807: 805: 804: 801: 797: 794: 787: 785: 784: 780: 778: 774: 770: 768: 756: 752: 733: 730: 725: 722: 706: 704: 703: 699: 678: 676: 673: 666: 664: 661: 645: 643: 642: 638: 617: 615: 612: 605: 603: 600: 587: 566: 564: 561: 556: 553: 540: 537: 532: 529: 523: 521: 518: 511: 509: 506: 499: 497: 494: 473: 470: 463: 461: 458: 451: 449: 446: 439: 437: 434: 429: 426: 410: 401: 399: 398: 370: 369: 358: 357: 350: 341: 339: 332: 326: 221: 218: 217: 201: 198: 197: 177: 176: 172: 170: 167: 166: 146: 145: 141: 139: 136: 135: 104: 103: 99: 89: 88: 84: 82: 79: 78: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2203: 2193: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2161: 2160: 2153: 2146: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2117: 2100: 2099: 2097: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2060: 2055: 2053:Spinning count 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2013:Degree (angle) 2010: 2005: 1999: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1966: 1964: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1947: 1945: 1941: 1940: 1938: 1937: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1920: 1915: 1910: 1905: 1900: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1887: 1885: 1884: 1882:Miles per hour 1879: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1866: 1863: 1862: 1860: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1828: 1826: 1822: 1821: 1819: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1795: 1793: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1749: 1747: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1725: 1723: 1716: 1712: 1711: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1675: 1673: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1614: 1612: 1608: 1607: 1602: 1599: 1598: 1591: 1590: 1583: 1576: 1568: 1561: 1560: 1551: 1542: 1540:14 CFR Part 60 1532: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1493: 1473: 1443: 1442: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1411: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1397: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1352: 1351:(of a source) 1345: 1344: 1338: 1321: 1315: 1309: 1302: 1295: 1294: 1292: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1263: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1242: 1239: 1234: 1230: 1224: 1218: 1217: 1212:Luminous flux 1210: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1191: 1185: 1178: 1177: 1172:Luminous flux 1170: 1161: 1160:(= lm/m) 1155: 1149: 1145: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1119: 1110: 1107: 1102: 1098: 1092: 1086: 1085: 1079: 1074: 1068: 1062: 1058: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1037: 1034: 1024: 1018: 1014: 1007: 1006: 999: 990: 984: 979: 975: 969: 963: 962: 959: 956: 953: 949: 948: 945: 941: 938: 930: 929: 922: 915: 907: 903: 898: 897: 891: 885: 879: 873: 867: 861: 850: 847: 844: 843: 838: 825: 812: 799: 792: 776: 766: 763: 759: 758: 749: 744: 741: 738: 735: 727: 719: 716: 712: 711: 696: 693: 688: 685: 682: 670: 658: 655: 651: 650: 635: 632: 629: 624: 621: 609: 597: 594: 590: 589: 584: 581: 578: 575: 570: 558: 550: 547: 543: 542: 534: 527: 515: 503: 491: 486: 483: 480: 476: 475: 467: 455: 443: 431: 424: 421: 416: 413: 407: 406: 392: 390: 384: 378: 373: 363: 361: 344: 327: 325: 324: 317: 310: 302: 248:motion picture 244: 243: 231: 228: 225: 205: 195: 180: 175: 164: 149: 144: 129: 128: 116: 113: 107: 102: 98: 92: 87: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2202: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2172: 2170: 2159: 2154: 2152: 2147: 2145: 2140: 2139: 2133: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2118: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2065: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1998: 1994: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1919: 1918:Hundredweight 1916: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1791: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1600: 1596: 1589: 1584: 1582: 1577: 1575: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1555: 1546: 1537: 1533: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1477: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1448: 1444: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1403: 1398: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1307: 1303: 1300: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1229: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1190: 1186: 1183: 1179: 1176:on a surface 1175: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1097: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1057: 1053: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1028: 1025: 1021: 1015: 1012: 1011:Luminous flux 1008: 1004: 1000: 998: 994: 991: 988: 985: 983: 980: 974: 970: 968: 964: 950: 935: 928: 923: 921: 916: 914: 909: 908: 900: 895: 892: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 862: 859: 856: 855: 854: 842: 839: 826: 813: 800: 793: 777: 767: 764: 760: 750: 748: 745: 742: 739: 736: 728: 720: 717: 713: 697: 694: 692: 689: 686: 683: 671: 659: 656: 652: 636: 633: 630: 628: 625: 622: 610: 598: 595: 591: 585: 582: 579: 576: 574: 571: 559: 551: 548: 544: 535: 528: 516: 504: 492: 490: 487: 484: 481: 477: 468: 456: 444: 432: 425: 422: 420: 417: 414: 408: 396: 388: 382: 377: 367: 354: 348: 336: 331: 323: 318: 316: 311: 309: 304: 303: 300: 294: 290: 288: 284: 280: 276: 271: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 229: 226: 223: 203: 196: 173: 165: 142: 134: 133: 132: 114: 111: 100: 96: 85: 77: 76: 75: 73: 69: 65: 61: 56: 54: 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 2190:Optics stubs 2130:expanding it 2119: 2104: 2028:Foot-lambert 2027: 2003:Bolt (cloth) 1554: 1545: 1536: 1488: 1476: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1447: 1408: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1342:radiant flux 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1305: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1266: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1227: 1213: 1207: 1203: 1188: 1173: 1167: 1163: 1142: 1126: 1122: 1116: 1112: 1095: 1076: 1055: 1039: 1002: 996: 992: 982:lumen second 972: 899: 896: (bril) 852: 840: 746: 690: 626: 572: 488: 418: 400:= 1 ⁄ 395:foot-lambert 394: 291: 272: 245: 130: 68:foot-candles 57: 24: 21:foot-lambert 20: 18: 2023:Foot-candle 1956:Pound-force 1770:Fluid ounce 1706:Square mile 1696:Square yard 1691:Square foot 1686:Square inch 1137:Illuminance 1083:solid angle 878: (asb) 866: (nit) 721:10 ⁄ 672:10 ⁄ 660:10 ⁄ 611:10 ⁄ 599:10 ⁄ 560:10 ⁄ 72:reflectance 64:illuminance 43:, or 3.426 41:square foot 25:footlambert 2175:Photometry 2169:Categories 2038:Horsepower 2018:Fahrenheit 1806:Board foot 1765:Tablespoon 1744:Cubic mile 1739:Cubic yard 1734:Cubic foot 1729:Cubic inch 1558:JAR-FSTD H 1549:JAR-FSTD A 1529:References 1453:dimensions 1433:Radiometry 1428:Photometry 1418:See also: 1359:lumen per 1311:lumen per 1237:lux second 890: (sk) 872: (sb) 588:≈ 0.09290 552:1 ⁄ 60:Lambertian 1857:Acre-foot 1816:Face cord 1123:projected 1090:Luminance 1031:steradian 943:Dimension 937:Quantity 860: (L) 734:≈ 0.3183 557:≈ 0.3183 474:≈ 0.2919 371:≡ blondel 342:≡ lm/m/sr 285:(FAA) or 260:projector 112:× 29:luminance 1970:Pressure 1760:Teaspoon 1174:incident 876:Apostilb 849:See also 798:≈ 10.76 775:≈ 3.426 757:≈ 929.0 533:≈ 3.142 430:≈ 3.142 366:apostilb 1951:Poundal 1753:Cooking 1722:Derived 1668:statute 1658:Furlong 1463:" and " 1278:lm⋅s/m 1214:emitted 1065:candela 961:Symbol 955:Symbol 882:Blondel 858:Lambert 832:≈ 1.076 819:≈ 1.076 806:≈ 1.076 786:≈ 3.426 726:≈ 3183 705:≈ 9.290 677:≈ 3.183 665:≈ 3.183 644:≈ 9.290 616:≈ 3.183 604:≈ 3.183 593:1 bril 586:0.3048 565:≈ 3.183 541:≈ 2919 522:≈ 3.142 510:≈ 3.142 498:≈ 3.142 469:0.3048 462:≈ 3.142 450:≈ 3.142 438:≈ 3.142 387:lambert 359:≡ cd/cm 49:SI unit 37:candela 2122:optics 1852:Barrel 1847:Bushel 1790:Gallon 1715:Volume 1611:Length 1485:photon 1003:talbot 947:Notes 751:0.3048 698:0.3048 637:0.3048 546:1 asb 536:30.48 411:1 cd/m 340:≡ nit 254:. The 131:where 2120:This 1944:Force 1933:Short 1913:Pound 1908:Ounce 1898:Grain 1870:Speed 1832:Minim 1825:Other 1785:Quart 1653:Chain 1469:units 1241:lx⋅s 1200:lm/m 1027:lumen 958:Name 952:Name 940:Unit 870:Stilb 762:1 fL 654:1 sk 479:1 sb 404:cd/ft 383:(sk) 368:(asb) 355:unit) 349:(sb) 347:stilb 337:unit) 270:). 2126:stub 2043:Perm 1928:Long 1903:Dram 1891:Mass 1842:Peck 1837:Gill 1811:Cord 1799:Wood 1780:Pint 1701:Acre 1679:Area 1663:Mile 1643:Yard 1638:Foot 1633:Link 1628:Hand 1623:Inch 1459:", " 1361:watt 1313:watt 894:Bril 888:Skot 715:1 L 397:(fL) 389:(L) 381:skot 376:bril 330:cd/m 268:nits 230:0.18 39:per 1961:Kip 1923:Ton 1775:Cup 1648:Rod 1513:or 1455:; " 1365:lm/ 1317:lm/ 1152:lux 1128:nit 989:⋅s 864:Nit 755:10 743:10 740:10 737:10 695:10 687:10 684:10 681:10 669:10 634:10 631:10 623:10 620:10 608:10 583:10 580:10 577:10 569:10 526:10 517:10 514:10 505:10 502:10 493:10 485:10 466:10 457:10 454:10 445:10 442:10 433:10 423:10 353:CGS 66:in 31:in 23:or 2171:: 1496:^ 1423:SI 1158:lx 1131:. 1071:cd 1033:) 1005:. 987:lm 836:10 823:10 810:10 790:10 765:= 718:= 709:10 702:10 657:= 648:10 641:10 596:= 549:= 482:= 415:= 335:SI 242:). 19:A 2157:e 2150:t 2143:v 2132:. 1587:e 1580:t 1573:v 1519:ρ 1515:F 1511:P 1507:W 1465:J 1461:T 1457:L 1409:1 1400:V 1384:J 1382:⋅ 1380:T 1378:⋅ 1376:L 1374:⋅ 1372:M 1367:W 1355:η 1336:J 1334:⋅ 1332:T 1330:⋅ 1328:L 1326:⋅ 1324:M 1319:W 1306:K 1290:J 1288:⋅ 1286:T 1284:⋅ 1282:L 1270:v 1267:ω 1253:J 1251:⋅ 1249:T 1247:⋅ 1245:L 1231:v 1228:H 1208:J 1206:⋅ 1204:L 1192:v 1189:M 1168:J 1166:⋅ 1164:L 1146:v 1143:E 1117:J 1115:⋅ 1113:L 1099:v 1096:L 1077:J 1059:v 1056:I 1040:J 1020:v 1017:Φ 997:J 995:⋅ 993:T 976:v 973:Q 926:e 919:t 912:v 841:1 834:× 821:× 808:× 788:× 781:π 771:π 753:× 747:1 731:π 723:π 707:× 700:× 691:1 679:× 674:π 667:× 662:π 646:× 639:× 627:1 618:× 613:π 606:× 601:π 573:1 567:× 562:π 554:π 538:π 530:π 524:× 519:π 512:× 507:π 500:× 495:π 489:1 471:π 464:× 459:π 452:× 447:π 440:× 435:π 427:π 419:1 402:π 351:( 333:( 321:e 314:t 307:v 266:( 227:= 224:R 204:R 179:v 174:E 148:v 143:L 127:, 115:R 106:v 101:E 97:= 91:v 86:L

Index

luminance
United States customary units
candela
square foot
candela per square meter
SI unit
Johann Heinrich Lambert
Lambertian
illuminance
foot-candles
reflectance
motion picture
projection screen
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
projector
candela per square meter
nits
flight simulation
Flight Simulation Training Device
Federal Aviation Administration
Joint Aviation Authorities
v
t
e
cd/m
SI
stilb
CGS
apostilb
bril

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