20:
747:, director of Montreal's anti-doping laboratory, said that, "In 25 years of experience of testing testosterone ... such a huge increase in the level of testosterone cannot be expected to come from any natural factors." David Black, a forensic toxicologist for Nashville-based Aegis Sciences, said, "There are not hundreds of plausible explanations. If the tests were so unreliable that there were hundreds of possible reasons, there would be no point in performing the tests." Landis later backtracked from some of the assertions, saying, "The whisky idea was not mine and the dehydration was a theory from the lawyers I hired in Spain to represent me."
863:. On June 20, 2008, he lost this appeal. In September 2008 Landis moved in U.S. federal court to vacate the CAS arbitration award, contending that the procurement of the award was tainted by partiality and conflicts of interest. Additionally, Landis contested the $ 100,000 US "costs" award, characterizing it as a disguised punitive award. In December 2008 Landis and the USADA reached a settlement and agreed to withdraw the case with prejudice, leading some to believe that the USADA waived the $ 100,000 fine in return for the cessation of litigation. Regardless of the reasons for dismissing the case, litigation is now complete and final.
141:(T/E ratio) after his epic performance in Stage 17. Landis denied having doped and placed faith in a test using his backup sample. Phonak stated that he would be dismissed should the backup sample also test positive. It did, and Landis was suspended from professional cycling and dismissed from his team. Landis's personal physician Arnie Baker later disclosed that his test had found a T/E ratio of first 12:1, later 11:1, far above the maximum allowable ratio of 4:1. The test on Landis's Stage 17 A sample had been performed by the French government's anti-doping clinical laboratory, the
177:
182:
756:
Stage 17 breakaway. After a collapse on Stage 16 that saw him lose considerable time to his rivals, it is possible Landis received a blood transfusion that was tainted with testosterone still in his body when the blood was initially drawn. This also might explain the variance in his T/E ratio results from tests during the tour, and the abnormal (and technically exculpatory) confirmatory findings from the CIR test.
1416:
1424:
804:
single testosterone/epitestosterone analysis in this case is replete with fundamental, gross errors." The lawyer also claimed that the positive finding on the B sample came from a sample number not assigned to Landis. The review board notified Landis on
September 18 of its recommendation that USADA proceed with the disciplinary process.
891:"I would have, because I was there with him that day when he was in that breakaway. I was actually 13 minutes ahead of him and he caught us on his own and then he basically rode us all off the wheel..... I thought that was impossible, what he did. I'm not a bad bike rider and, you know, he made me look like a little kid."
910:, the seven-time and subsequently disgraced former Tour de France winner, phoned the show to express support for Landis, his former teammate. Armstrong expressed skepticism of the French laboratory that conducted Landis's drug test, noting it is the same laboratory involved in some of the doping allegations against him.
790:
It has been suggested that Landis may have been using testosterone over the long term but was either masking it or diluting it to avoid detection. The positive test result would therefore have been from a mistake with the alleged doping program on one day. Landis gave a total of eight samples during
755:
There is evidence to suggest Landis' positive test was the result of one or several blood transfusions administered to him during the course of that year's Tour. This might explain why Landis was not flagged for testosterone in tests after earlier stages, and only came up positive after the infamous
690:
rejected the claim, saying, "We acted correctly. We informed the team, the rider, and the federation that there had been an irregularity. Then we issued a press release saying that an unnamed rider had been found positive in the Tour. Landis's team published his name, two days later... I have full
844:
tribunal by a 2-1 vote. Landis was subsequently banned for two years. In response to this, the
International Cycling Union formally stripped him of his 2006 Tour de France title and second-place finisher Óscar Pereiro was officially declared the winner. The only previous Tour de France winner to be
734:
in his body. Despite this, Landis claimed his innocence, promising to "explain to the world why this is not a doping case, but a natural occurrence" and that the testosterone in his body was "natural and produced by my own organism." The variety of explanations offered up by Landis provided fodder
803:
On
September 11, 2006, Landis asked an USADA review board to dismiss the doping charges against him. His request was made on the basis that the A and B urine samples from Stage 17 did not meet the established WADA criteria for a positive doping offense. Landis's lawyer said in a statement: "The
776:, conducted at LNDD. The presence of synthetic testosterone means that some of the testosterone in Landis's body came from an external source and was not naturally produced by his own system. These results conflicted with Landis's public assertion that it was a natural occurrence.
887:, left no doubt as to his view in an interview for the Australian 60 Minutes program televised on 22 July 2007. The reporter Liz Hayes asked O'Grady: "Would anyone have picked that — that the winner of last year's race was a drug cheat?" O'Grady replied,
848:
Landis was also banned from the sport for two years, dated retroactively to
January 2007. Even before the USADA's ruling on this matter, the controversy resulted in the disbandment of Landis's former team, Phonak.
759:
On
September 8, 2006, Landis's attorney announced that he would formally request that the case be dropped on the grounds that LNDD's 370-page report revealed inconsistencies in the way the samples were handled.
580:
787:, a member of the World Anti-Doping Agency, the carbon isotope ratio test needs to be done only once, on either an A or on a B sample, particularly if the athlete's T/E ratio is high as in Landis's case.
1179:
779:
The CIR test is used to distinguish between testosterone produced naturally by the athlete's body and synthetic testosterone introduced from an outside source. The test is performed by
585:
1532:
832:
featured an article on corporate spying in France, stating that, "No evidence has surfaced to connect Mr. Landis or Dr. Baker to the hacking, and each has denied any involvement."
1390:
852:
Landis agreed not to participate in any racing in France in 2007 to allow him to postpone a hearing of his case there for as long as possible. On
December 19, 2007, the
686:
Following the reported positive drug test on his A sample, Landis suggested that the results had been improperly released by the UCI. On August 9, 2006, UCI president
570:
51:, riding solo and passing his whole team. However, a urine sample taken from Landis immediately after his Stage 17 win twice tested positive for banned synthetic
1892:
700:, which contained his personal account of the case and in which he maintained his innocence. However, in May 2010 Floyd Landis confessed to doping and accused
828:, Landis' former coach. The French police later invited Landis and Baker to attend a court hearing to answer questions regarding the issue. On July 31, 2009,
1844:
142:
739:, who presented the "Top 10 Floyd Landis Excuses" on his show. Several experts have refuted Landis's assertions. Landis at first blamed consumption of
795:, USADA had remaining "B" portions of the other samples tested by the LNDD. Four of those samples also showed the presence of synthetic testosterone.
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2006:
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reported information that had been obtained from hacking into the LNDD was sent to a
Canadian counterpart lab from a computer registered to
406:
106:
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faith in that laboratory, and there are stringent measures kept in place by the anti-doping agencies to ensure they proceed correctly."
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to half a minute. Overtaking him after the Stage 19 time trial, Landis was celebrated as the winner of the 2006 Tour de France.
575:
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Armstrong continuously expressed support for Landis and stated his conviction that the process is biased against athletes.
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After Landis' A sample tested positive for testosterone, retired
American cyclist and three-time Tour de France winner
856:
found him guilty of doping, and issued a two-year suspension, which barred him from racing in France until early 2009.
401:
197:
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New York Daily News: Floyd Landis outlines elaborate doping system in letters, details Lance
Armstrong's alleged role
1144:"Cycling boss rejects Landis' claims : 'It is an unconditional war against doping,' UCI chief says in interview"
716:(USADA) and Landis regarding the doping allegations. On September 20, the arbitrators found Landis guilty of doping.
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was officially declared the winner. The only previous Tour de France winner to be disqualified at the time was the
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153:(WADA). The B sample confirmed the A sample, and also tested positive for an unnatural source of testosterone.
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879:"I hope the sampling comes back negative; unfortunately, I think the labs in Europe are very professional."
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announced Landis had a urine test come back positive, having an unusually high ratio of the hormone
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Media reports said that synthetic testosterone had been detected in the A sample, using the carbon
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113:, but then lost eight minutes and seemed finished. However, Landis spectacularly came back in
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doubted whether additional doping tests would reverse Landis's earlier results. He stated,
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Televised Sunday, July 22, 2007 Reporter: Liz Hayes; Producers: Stephen Rice, Howard Sacre
8:
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for many skeptical columns by sports journalists and inspiration for comedians such as
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Toman, Mar (2006-07-31). "Landis requests backup sample to clear doping allegations".
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reported that, according to a UCI source, Landis's urine test had revealed
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for his unusual results, an approach that was widely ridiculed. Prof.
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2013:
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Fellow professional and 10 time Tour de France cyclist, Australian
242:
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On
September 20, 2007, Landis' doping accusation was upheld by an
859:
After this verdict, Landis tried to reverse this decision at the
769:
704:
of doing the same, contradicting the entire premise of the book.
1417:"French-fried conundrum Landis doping case not at all clear-cut"
740:
129:
On July 27, 2006, four days after the Tour had finished, the
1690:"Timeline: Lance Armstrong's journey from deity to disgrace"
845:
disqualified was 1904 Tour de France winner, Maurice Garin.
71:
stripped him of his 2006 Tour title. Second place finisher
1766:
712:
On May 14, 2007 an arbitration hearing began between the
808:, attorney for Landis, requested an open hearing by the
1237:"Landis's excuses like 1,000 monkeys with typewriters"
1065:"Testosterone in Landis's Body Said Not to Be Natural"
906:
to explain his situation and reiterate his innocence.
117:, winning the stage and cutting his deficit to leader
105:
Landis was wearing the yellow jersey as leader of the
1812:
1687:
1391:"Synthetic testosterone found in Landis urine sample"
1377:"Landis lawyers demand that doping case be dismissed"
47:, where he had lost ten minutes, Landis came back in
1519:"Greenpeace: Révélations sur l'affaire d'espionnage"
812:
to contest potential sanctions against the athlete.
1350:"Doping excuses: 13 of the most brazen and bizarre"
23:
Floyd Landis on the Tour de France on July 23, 2006
1559:"In French Inquiry, a Glimpse at Corporate Spying"
1280:"Experts Say Case Against Landis Is Tough to Beat"
1277:
1163:"Landis Admits Doping, Accuses Top U.S. Cyclists"
2070:
2007:Seven Deadly Sins: My Pursuit of Lance Armstrong
1900:
1715:
1447:"Breakdown of Landis' Tour de France drug tests"
1298:"Landis: Kitchen sink defense UCI, WADA's fault"
1609:"Floyd Landis loses 2006 Tour de France appeal"
1348:Ostanek, Daniel; Aubrey, Jane (27 March 2020).
895:
1652:"Mom keeps the faith / LeMond: Take High Road"
1393:. Associated Press. 2006-07-31. Archived from
1271:
952:
950:
561:Doping at the World Championships in Athletics
1886:
1798:
1640:Trust But Verify, Federal Case Over blog post
1347:
1190:
1184:
719:
667:
1718:"Armstrong on drugs, history and the future"
1469:"Landis asks USADA to drop case against him"
1120:"New Finding Challenges Tour Champ's Claim"
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947:
1893:
1879:
1805:
1791:
1278:Macur, Juliet; Kolata, Gina (2006-08-02).
866:
674:
660:
614:List of national anti-doping organizations
571:Stripped European Athletics C'ships medals
1533:"Landis case twist: hacking lab computer"
763:
147:Ministry of Youth, Sport, and Social Life
1444:
1374:
1310:
1113:
1111:
1049:
820:On April 14, 2009, the French newspaper
143:National Laboratory for Doping Detection
63:nearly three times the limit allowed by
18:
1688:Fotheringham, William (March 9, 2015).
1160:
1089:
619:Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority
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1466:
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960:. Velonews. 2007-09-20. Archived from
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1716:Armstrong, Lance (January 27, 2015).
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1234:
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1108:
1092:"What if Floyd Landis were innocent?"
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958:"Backup Sample on Landis Is Positive"
931:"Backup Sample on Landis Is Positive"
928:
900:On July 28, 2006, Landis appeared on
750:
1581:
1313:"Landis's excuses just don't add up"
1239:. CBS Sportsline.com. Archived from
707:
145:(LNDD), which was a division of the
124:
1146:. MSNBC. 2006-08-09. Archived from
407:U of South Carolina steroid scandal
13:
1207:"Arbitrators say Landis is guilty"
1032:"Landis sample 'well above limit'"
1012:"Landis gives positive drugs test"
976:"Landis gives positive drugs test"
586:MLB players in the Mitchell Report
402:Clemson University steroid scandal
83:; however, in the following years
14:
2110:
1494:"Landis states his case to USADA"
1331:"Landis blames testing procedure"
694:Floyd Landis wrote a book titled
842:American Arbitration Association
810:American Arbitration Association
714:United States Anti-Doping Agency
644:United States Anti-Doping Agency
581:MLB players suspended for doping
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1445:DeSimone, Bonnie (2006-05-16).
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1199:
1191:L'Heureux, David (2007-02-07).
1173:
1161:Schmidt, Michael (2010-05-21).
1154:
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781:Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry
1375:Medcroft, Steve (2006-09-09).
1266:Late Show with David Letterman
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861:Court of Arbitration for Sport
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791:the 2006 Tour. As part of its
576:Drugs banned from the Olympics
91:would have tour wins revoked.
1:
1750:"Interview With Floyd Landis"
916:
2099:Doping at the Tour de France
1902:Doping at the Tour de France
1761:(Interview). Interviewed by
1723:(Interview). Interviewed by
1584:"End of the road for Phonak"
1415:Hersh, Philip (2006-07-31).
1262:Top Ten Floyd Landis Excuses
1213:. 2007-09-20. Archived from
1118:Macur, Juliet (2006-07-31).
1096:International Herald Tribune
1090:Eustice, John (2006-08-16).
1063:Macur, Juliet (2006-07-31).
929:Macur, Juliet (2006-08-05).
896:Support from Lance Armstrong
609:International Testing Agency
39:, the initial winner of the
7:
1627:"Floyd_Landis_federal_case"
1582:Hood, Andrew (2006-08-15).
1557:Jolly, David (2009-08-01).
1467:Charry, Gene (2006-09-13).
1311:Saraceno, Jo (2006-08-09).
629:National Anti-Doping Agency
556:Doping at the Olympic Games
500:Doping in American football
336:Performance-enhancing drugs
69:International Cycling Union
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1193:"Floyd's Hearing Date Set"
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634:Russian Anti-Doping Agency
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1235:Ratto, Ray (2006-08-07).
854:French Anti-Doping Agency
624:French Anti-Doping Agency
1952:Floyd Landis doping case
1860:Floyd Landis doping case
604:World Anti-Doping Agency
510:Barry Bonds perjury case
258:Beta2-adrenergic agonist
151:World Anti-Doping Agency
65:World Anti-Doping Agency
29:Floyd Landis doping case
2079:Doping cases in cycling
867:Reaction among cyclists
566:Stripped Olympic medals
505:Steroid use in baseball
893:
881:
764:Exogenous testosterone
732:synthetic testosterone
476:History of allegations
149:and accredited by the
107:general classification
55:as well as a ratio of
43:. After a meltdown in
35:scandal that featured
24:
889:
877:
783:(IRMS). According to
22:
2084:2006 in cycle racing
1942:Death of Tom Simpson
1427:on December 12, 2007
785:Gary I. Wadler, M.D.
534:Doping-related lists
417:Association Football
298:Tetrahydrogestrinone
278:Human growth hormone
192:Substances and types
2089:2006 Tour de France
1814:2006 Tour de France
1421:The Chicago Tribune
724:On August 1, 2006,
321:Biological passport
131:Phonak cycling team
101:2006 Tour de France
41:2006 Tour de France
16:2006 doping scandal
1962:doping allegations
1845:Teams and cyclists
1727:. United Kingdom:
1695:Guardian Australia
1674:2008-07-22 at the
1563:The New York Times
1284:The New York Times
1167:The New York Times
1124:The New York Times
1070:The New York Times
935:The New York Times
830:The New York Times
751:Alternative Theory
727:The New York Times
598:Anti-doping bodies
520:Biogenesis scandal
494:Operation Aderlass
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2094:Arbitration cases
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2032:The Armstrong Lie
1993:L.A. Confidentiel
1868:
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1850:Prologue–Stage 11
1721:(Streaming video)
1500:. BBC. 2006-09-13
1268:, July 27, 2006.
745:Christiane Ayotte
708:USADA arbitration
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467:L.A. Confidentiel
447:Floyd Landis case
223:Technology doping
218:Mechanical doping
198:Anabolic steroids
125:Doping accusation
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488:Operación Puerto
472:Lance Armstrong
346:Stem cell doping
283:Methylhexanamine
248:Stem cell doping
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1769:. July 28, 2006
1758:Larry King Live
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1354:Cycling News
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203:Blood doping
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37:Floyd Landis
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2039:The Program
1967:doping case
1855:Stage 12–20
873:Greg LeMond
826:Arnie Baker
816:Arnie Baker
793:prosecution
688:Pat McQuaid
481:Doping case
392:Auto racing
351:Whizzinator
331:Doping test
310:Terminology
263:Clenbuterol
238:Painkillers
208:Gene doping
79:'s winner,
67:rules. The
2073:Categories
2000:Rough Ride
1773:2010-05-02
1763:Larry King
1594:2006-08-15
1568:2010-05-02
1543:2009-05-29
1504:2006-09-14
1479:2006-09-14
1453:2006-10-16
1431:2006-08-01
1401:2007-09-25
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1101:2006-08-16
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986:2006-08-01
940:2010-05-02
917:References
293:Stanozolol
253:Stimulants
1317:USA Today
980:BBC Sport
822:L'Express
546:Athletics
341:Repoxygen
268:Ephedrine
243:Sedatives
233:Diuretics
109:prior to
77:1904 Tour
2014:Wheelmen
1833: »
1729:BBC News
1725:Dan Roan
1672:Archived
1475:. London
1473:Guardian
1335:BBC News
1036:BBC News
1017:BBC News
369:Olympics
161:a series
159:Part of
115:Stage 17
111:Stage 16
49:Stage 17
45:Stage 16
1909:By year
1817:«
1360:3 April
836:Verdict
799:Appeals
770:isotope
551:Cycling
363:History
95:Prelude
1734:May 1,
1701:May 1,
1656:PE.com
1449:. ESPN
741:whisky
460:Juiced
432:Russia
33:doping
31:was a
2024:Films
1985:Books
541:Sport
422:China
288:SARMs
1926:2007
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1362:2020
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382:1999
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