1834:
1294:
1849:
1819:
1267:
only to the possibility of review by the United States
Supreme Court. For an example in which a "per curiam affirmed" decision was reviewed by the United States Supreme Court and reversed, see Ibanez v. Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation, 512 U.S. 136 (1994). In the Ibanez case, the Florida State Board of Accountancy held that a CPA who was also a lawyer was prohibited from disclosing on her law firm letterhead that she was also a CPA, and the First District Court of Appeal "per curiam affirmed" the decision. The United States Supreme Court reversed.
1894:
3066:
1054:
1879:
1909:
72:
1864:
890:
900:
210:
1968:
1319:
Court) if the need arises. Under the Court's
Internal Operations Procedures Manual, the appointment of associate justices rotates among the chief judges of the district courts of appeal in their numerical order, from one to five, and then starts over again. The intent behind this procedure is to eliminate any concern that temporary associate justices are appointed because of their personal views on legal issues.
1280:. If the Legislature fails to initially pass a reapportionment plan or fails to enact a remedial plan after its primary plan is rejected by the Supreme Court, then the Court has the duty to apportion the State. The Supreme Court also has the authority to impose discipline on state judges for ethical breaches, which can range from a public televised reprimand to removal from office.
972:
justices is unable to hear a case for any reason. The temporary justices are called "associate justices" and are usually chosen on a rotating basis from presiding judges of
Florida's district courts of appeal. They usually sit only for a single case. Unlike the U.S. Supreme Court, the term "associate justice" is never used to describe the sitting Florida justices.
1024:
constitutional amendment provided that the chief justice should be elected by the justices of the Court. A two-year term for the chief justice was established by the Rules of Court adopted by the
Supreme Court, with each term beginning on July 1 of even-numbered years and ending on June 30 in the next even-numbered year.
2120:
has been in existence since
Florida was granted statehood in 1845. While it is the oldest state-supported library in Florida, its main purpose at the start was to serve the Supreme court. This purpose continues today, with the addition of serving the Office of the State Courts Administrator and lower
1275:
The
Supreme Court also has the duty to review legislative redistricting after each decennial Census. After the Florida Legislature enacts a joint resolution reapportioning the State House and Senate, the plan is presented to the Supreme Court on a petition filed by the Florida Attorney General. The
1266:
Pursuant to a 1980 amendment to the
Florida Constitution, the Supreme Court has no jurisdiction to review a "per curiam affirmed" decision by one of the Florida District Courts of Appeal, meaning that, in the vast majority of cases, decisions of the Florida District Court of Appeal are final, subject
2090:
overturned the
Florida Supreme Court after it had ordered a statewide recount. Notably, arguments before the Florida Supreme Court in the 2000 presidential election cases were the first appellate court proceedings in history broadcast live in their entirety on major television networks in the United
1318:
At least five justices must be present for the Court to carry out its official functions, and at least four justices must agree on decisions issued by the Court. The chief justice can assign judges of the lower courts to serve as temporary justices (called "associate justices" under
Florida Rules of
1257:
about citizens' initiatives to amend the state
Constitution. However, for this last type of advisory opinion, the Court only determines whether the citizens' initiative meets two legal requirements: its ballot summary fairly advises the voters of its effect; and it only contains a single subject. A
1198:
DCA decisions that the DCA certifies, or orders or judgments of trial courts certified by a DCA in which appeal is pending, to be of "great public importance", or to have a great effect on the proper administration of justice throughout the state, and certified to require immediate resolution by the
971:
Chief justices are elected by the members of the Court to two-year terms that end in every even-numbered year. Chief justices may succeed themselves in office if they are re-elected by the other justices. The chief justice also can appoint judges to temporary duty on the Court if at least one of the
1219:
The Florida Constitution further grants the Supreme Court original nonexclusive jurisdiction over certain matters. "Original" means that the case can begin and end in the state Supreme Court absent a basis for further appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court. "Nonexclusive" means that these matters do not
967:
to set terms, which do not exceed six years. Immediately after appointment, the initial term is three years or less because the justices must appear on the ballot in the next general election that occurs more than one year after their appointment. Afterward, they serve six-year terms and remain in
2131:
The library holds various collections to assist professionals and members of the public. Some examples are court decisions, statutes, regulations, jury instructions, legal periodicals, and treatises, in both print and online format. One interesting fact about these collections is that they do not
1346:
between three and six names for each vacancy on the court, from which the governor selects the new justice. The governor's selection is final and requires no further approval by any governmental body. Up until 1971 when merit selection was implemented, judges were chosen by direct election of the
2061:
for a sentence of death with a life sentence as the alternative. This new sentencing scheme was struck down by the Florida Supreme Court in a ruling 5–2 in October 2016, which held that a death sentence must be issued by a unanimous jury. The United States Supreme Court later left this decision
1369:
Justices may be removed by one of two methods. They can be disciplined upon the recommendation of the Judicial Qualifications Commission, at which time the Court may remove a justice or impose a lesser penalty such as a fine or reprimand; and justices may be impeached by a two-thirds vote of the
1365:
Following a constitutional amendment passed by referendum in November 2018, mandatory retirement for Florida Supreme Court justices occurs upon reaching age 75. The Florida Constitution states, "No justice or judge shall serve after attaining the age of seventy-five years except upon temporary
1361:
After appointment, the new justice must face statewide voters in the next general election that is more than one year after the date of initial appointment. In this "merit retention" election, voters decide only if the new justice will remain in office. If not retained in office, the governor
1023:
Following the Civil War and the adoption of the 1868 Constitution, justices were appointed by the governor and confirmed by the State Senate. In 1885, the state returned to elected justices. In 1940, the court's membership was finally increased to its current size of seven members, and a 1926
1019:
judges served in the capacity of Supreme Court justices until 1851 when an 1848 constitutional amendment took effect granting the state legislature power to choose three justices. In 1853, another constitutional amendment was adopted that provided for the popular election of justices to serve
1940:
to be represented by at least one justice on the Supreme Court who was resident in that district at the time of their initial appointment or election. During the 2022 legislative session, the appellate district boundaries were changed, resulting in the creation of a sixth appellate
1309:
for at least ten years. The Court must have at least one justice who resided in each of Florida's six lower appellate districts on the date of their appointment. Amendment 6 passed in 2018 raised the mandatory retirement age for justices to 75, effective July 1, 2019.
1362:
appoints a replacement through the same Judicial Nominating Commission process. After this first merit retention election, justices face the voters in the same type of merit retention election every six years thereafter until they leave or reach retirement age.
2023:
program in the United States. That same year in Engle v. Liggett Group, it also ordered decertification of a class action lawsuit against big tobacco companies that effectively reversed the largest punitive damage jury award, $ 145 billion, in U.S. history.
2091:
States and throughout the world. An estimated one-quarter of the entire fleet of satellite trucks used by broadcasters in North America was present in Tallahassee at the height of the controversy. These events later were dramatized in the 2008 HBO movie
1249:, regulation of admissions to the Bar, creating and amending the Florida Rules of Court, and determining whether the governor is incapacitated and thus unable to fulfill the duties of office. It also includes two forms of jurisdiction to issue
1358:(a qualified, registered voter) of the state, they must reside in the territorial jurisdiction of the state when they assume office, they must be members of the Florida Bar for at least ten years, and they must be under 75 years of age.
1244:
The Supreme Court has exclusive jurisdiction over some other matters. "Exclusive" means that the Florida Supreme Court is the only court or governmental body that can resolve the issue. This category includes regulation of the
1276:
Supreme Court's review of an apportionment plan created by the Legislature is guided by several standards specified in the Constitution, including new ones added to the Constitution by the voters in 2010 that prohibit
2049:, declaring that a judge determining the aggravating facts to be used in considering a death sentence with only a non-binding recommendation from the jury based on a majority vote was insufficient and violated the
2513:
1253:. The Court can provide an advisory opinion upon a request by the governor to address uncertainties about legal issues involving the executive branch's powers. It also can issue advisory opinions to the
1220:
absolutely have to begin in the Supreme Court, but also could originate in a lower court. The bulk of matters falling within this category often are called the "extraordinary writs" and include
1301:
The Court is composed of the chief justice and six other justices, who all serve six-year staggered terms. The justices elect the chief justice from amongst themselves. Justices must be an
960:. It consists of seven justices—one of whom serves as Chief Justice. Six members are chosen from six districts around the state to foster geographic diversity, and one is selected at large.
979:, as well as for federal courts when they apply Florida law. In most instances, the only appeal from the Florida Supreme Court is to the U.S. Supreme Court on questions of federal law.
1007:
After Florida's entrance into the union in 1845, and the ratification of the state's first Constitution, the Supreme Court of the State of Florida was born. It is the successor to the
2710:
2384:
2837:
2640:
1151:
For final judgments on proceedings for validation of bonds or certificates of indebtedness. Here again, the Florida Supreme Court directly reviews circuit court decisions.
2331:
2660:
2124:
When it began, the library clerk was the staff member that handled all reference questions and served as librarian. It was not until 1956, under section 25.341 of the
1195:
conflict with the decision of another DCA or of the Florida Supreme Court (including decisions that the DCA certifies to be in conflict with an opinion of another DCA)
2581:
2920:
560:
2488:
32:
3210:
2892:
1090:(cases the Court may choose to hear if it wishes) in most cases and mandatory (cases the court must hear) in a few cases. In some matters, the Court has
3634:
3654:
2050:
2008:
In 2004, the Court struck down another piece of legislation from the Florida Legislature that was designed to reverse a lower court decision in the
2809:
968:
office if retained in the general election near the end of each term. Citizens vote on whether or not they want to retain each justice in office.
3581:
384:
2514:"Florida Amendment 6, Marsy's Law Crime Victims Rights, Judicial Retirement Age, and Judicial Interpretation of Laws and Rules Amendment (2018)"
3093:
470:
1322:
The Court holds two terms each year, with the first commencing on the first day of January and the second beginning on the first day of July.
2305:
2156:
1387:
931:
2449:
1805:
3511:
2394:
2189:
3586:
861:
851:
841:
831:
821:
811:
801:
791:
781:
771:
761:
751:
741:
731:
721:
711:
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691:
681:
2781:
3649:
3203:
3149:
3139:
1705:
671:
661:
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641:
631:
621:
611:
601:
591:
3555:
3228:
3159:
3154:
3144:
3134:
2104:, who presided over the two historic cases argued at the state highest court, wrote a first person account of the controversy,
1339:
586:
1342:
composed of persons appointed to staggered four-year terms, representing various interests. The commission must submit to the
3545:
3301:
2341:
17:
3356:
1008:
635:
2972:
2585:
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695:
535:
522:
309:
1034:
tampered with a lower court decision on behalf of campaign supporters. Faced with impeachment proceedings, he resigned.
3439:
3237:
3196:
3086:
2087:
1203:
1131:
1095:
510:
445:
299:
128:
2057:
passed a new statute to comply with the judgement in March 2016, changing the sentencing method to require a 10-juror
3629:
3126:
1937:
924:
234:
3531:
2948:
2686:
2083:
1371:
379:
2556:
1210:
as determinative of a cause before them, for which there is no controlling precedent by the Florida Supreme Court.
1154:
For review of action of statewide agencies relating to rates or service of electric, gas, and telephone utilities.
3484:
1595:
346:
3639:
1207:
321:
274:
2641:"Florida's New Sixth District Court of Appeal: What It Means for Judges and Attorneys in the State of Florida"
975:
The Court is the final arbiter of state law of Florida, and its decisions are binding authority for all other
3644:
3624:
3451:
3079:
2998:
2036:
1755:
1115:
882:
485:
1148:
to provide for mandatory jurisdiction in the following two circumstances (the legislature has so provided):
1037:
In 1976, the state returned to appointed justices when the current merit retention system was put in place.
982:
Established upon statehood in 1845, the Florida Supreme Court is headquartered across Duval Street from the
3560:
3540:
3461:
3416:
3371:
3346:
2462:
990:. Throughout the court's history, it has undergone many reorganizations as Florida's population has grown.
917:
505:
500:
264:
2272:
2246:
3401:
3396:
3276:
3105:
2925:
2897:
2166:
2040:
1015:. Though the constitution created a Supreme Court, it vested it with no judges and little power. Florida
765:
542:
515:
480:
1366:
assignment." They thus must retire on the date of their 75th birthdays if still in office at that time.
1094:, meaning that the case can begin and end in the Supreme Court absent a basis for further appeal to the
3466:
3456:
3421:
1166:
1087:
785:
2865:
2606:
1110:
The Florida Constitution, Article V, (3)(b)(1), establishes mandatory jurisdiction for the following:
3501:
3411:
3376:
3351:
3316:
3286:
547:
1833:
1293:
3506:
3406:
3256:
2161:
1848:
1254:
835:
490:
475:
388:
289:
2723:
1818:
3516:
3471:
3391:
3366:
3341:
3306:
3167:
2128:, that the Supreme Court had a separate librarian administering the library including reference.
1933:
1305:(a qualified, registered voter) of the state and must have been a member in good standing of the
1127:
1016:
450:
239:
223:
2621:
2218:
3479:
3434:
3386:
3361:
3336:
3291:
3281:
3271:
3188:
3176:
1099:
495:
2538:
1354:
Justices must meet four requirements to qualify for appointment to the Court: they must be an
1011:
and the court system that existed under Spain prior to the acquisition of Florida through the
993:
As of October 2020, each justice of the Florida Supreme Court receives a salary of $ 227,218.
3550:
3521:
3496:
3426:
3381:
3321:
3266:
2146:
2117:
1972:
1091:
983:
257:
2753:
1040:
In 2004, the court had a backlog of 1,544 cases. In 2011, there was a backlog of 881 cases.
3446:
3331:
3261:
2731:
2151:
2141:
1335:
1062:
855:
567:
463:
425:
116:
94:
865:
845:
8:
3311:
3248:
2193:
2054:
2016:
1998:
1986:
1343:
1233:
1181:, which as stated above places the appellate court decision under mandatory jurisdiction)
1145:
1057:
The front exterior of the Florida Supreme Court Building in Tallahassee, Florida, in 2011
1027:
In the early 1970s, more than half the justices resigned over various corruption probes.
964:
949:
334:
278:
200:
105:
3065:
3491:
3326:
2814:
2786:
2062:
undisturbed. Governor Scott in early 2017 signed a new law requiring a unanimous jury.
2009:
1655:
1071:
1002:
350:
1825:
1427:
1053:
438:
172:
3029:
2432:
2280:
2020:
1893:
1250:
1012:
976:
715:
409:
1173:
DCA decisions expressly declaring a state statute or constitutional provision to be
2125:
2101:
2045:
2002:
825:
402:
1102:, meaning that it is the only court or government body that can decide the issue.
71:
2866:"Court again tosses state death penalty; ruling raises bar on capital punishment"
2842:
2336:
2306:"AROUND THE NATION - Ex-Florida Court Justice Accused in Drug Case - NYTimes.com"
1975:
near the Florida Supreme Court during the 2000 presidential election vote dispute
1900:
1885:
1870:
1715:
1665:
1605:
1537:
1479:
1080:
1061:
The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Florida is laid out in Article V of the
1031:
894:
815:
284:
123:
1878:
2976:
2645:
2093:
2077:
1994:
1915:
1840:
1765:
1489:
1375:
1277:
904:
341:
313:
303:
244:
227:
2838:"Florida death penalty officially revamped after Supreme Court struck it down"
2489:"Amendment 6 passes, providing more victims' rights, new judge retirement age"
2420:
1908:
1258:
negative advisory opinion removes non-conforming initiatives from the ballot.
1079:
called the Florida Reports and more recently in the Southern Series edited by
3618:
3219:
2921:"Florida Tightens Death Penalty Law to Require Unanimous Jury Recommendation"
2436:
2389:
2369:
2284:
2058:
1980:
1855:
1589:
1547:
1531:
1331:
1221:
775:
745:
705:
685:
645:
395:
364:
357:
162:
47:
34:
1863:
1184:
DCA decisions that expressly affect a class of constitutional/state officers
2870:
2758:
2071:
1799:
1749:
1699:
1649:
1473:
1229:
805:
725:
293:
268:
2661:"Leander Shaw Florida first African American chief of Justice dies at 85"
1348:
1306:
1246:
1076:
987:
755:
675:
615:
572:
371:
889:
3071:
2639:
Cann, Eve A.; Kaney, Michael P.; Levin, David B. (September 13, 2022).
2028:
1990:
1066:
953:
795:
735:
665:
655:
625:
595:
578:
3059:
2810:"Supreme Court Ruling Has Florida Scrambling to Fix Death Penalty Law"
2132:
circulate outside of the building. The Library has an online catalog.
155:
2364:
605:
1967:
1225:
3002:
2622:"Statutes & Constitution :Constitution : Online Sunshine"
2582:"Judicial Selection in the States - Methods of Judicial Selection"
2539:"Statutes & Constitution :Constitution : Online Sunshine"
1351:
became the first Supreme Court justice chosen by merit selection.
1330:
A relatively complex appointment process (a modified form of the "
209:
3102:
2393:. Melbourne, Florida. April 3, 2011. pp. 18A. Archived from
1126:). In such instances, the Florida Supreme Court directly reviews
1118:
is imposed (but solely to review findings of lower courts on the
957:
3218:
2421:"The Operation and Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Florida"
1086:
The Supreme Court of Florida has appellate jurisdiction that is
2754:"Gov. Rick Scott signs bill to speed up executions in Florida"
2687:"Former Florida Supreme Court Justice Leander Shaw dies at 85"
2005:
as the state's method of execution only a few months later.
1144:
The Florida Constitution, Article V, (3)(b)(2), permits the
131:
only for federal issues; otherwise cases cannot be appealed.
2419:
Anstead, Harry Lee; Gerald, Kogan; Hall, Thomas D. (2005).
1165:
The Florida Constitution, Article V, (3)(b)(3–5), provides
3024:
3022:
3020:
2782:"Supreme Court Strikes Down Part of Florida Death Penalty"
2452:
H. Michael Muniz, Vol. 93, No. 3, p. 26. (May/June 2019).
1791:
1781:
1741:
1731:
1691:
1681:
1641:
1631:
1581:
1573:
1523:
1515:
1465:
1457:
1325:
3017:
2450:
Oh No! Not a Per Curiam Affirmed Decision on my Appeal
1075:(1846), has published its opinions, first in official
1214:
2864:
Klas, Mary Ellen; Ovalle, David (October 14, 2016).
2893:"Justices Reject Florida Appeal Over Death Penalty"
2270:
2015:In 2006, the Court struck down a law passed by the
1169:for a much larger set of circumstances, including:
2607:Succession of Justices of Supreme Court of Florida
1712:
1662:
1602:
1424:
2418:
1762:
1486:
3616:
2213:
2211:
2043:struck down part of this law in January 2016 in
1971:Close-up view of satellite trucks parked at the
1544:
2638:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
1997:, which helped lead to events that caused the
1957:
3204:
3087:
2557:"Merit Selection, Retention & Retirement"
2208:
2157:List of justices of the Florida Supreme Court
2065:
2035:(HB 7101) which overhauled the processes for
1388:List of justices of the Florida Supreme Court
1160:
925:
1950:Justices must retire by their 75th birthday.
1141:a state statute or constitutional provision.
2401:
2219:"The State Courts System – The Florida Bar"
1989:sparked a worldwide debate over the use of
1776:
1726:
1676:
1626:
1568:
1510:
1452:
3211:
3197:
3094:
3080:
3064:
2863:
2332:"The shoddy history of politicized courts"
1786:
1773:1982 or 1983 (age 40–41)
1736:
1686:
1673:1978 or 1979 (age 45–46)
1636:
1374:and convicted by a two-thirds vote of the
1297:Florida Supreme Court with bunting in 2019
932:
918:
27:Highest court in the U.S. state of Florida
3635:State supreme courts of the United States
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
1985:In 1999, a dissenting opinion by Justice
1239:
1105:
3655:Courts and tribunals established in 1845
3101:
2271:The Editorial Board (January 19, 2015).
1966:
1962:
1292:
1052:
2807:
2190:"Florida's Legal & Judicial System"
1030:In 1975, Florida Supreme Court justice
14:
3617:
2835:
2779:
2232:
2084:2000 presidential election controversy
1326:Appointment, retention and impeachment
3192:
3075:
2808:Alvarez, Lizette (February 2, 2016).
2487:Rivas, Nathaniel (November 7, 2018).
2486:
2362:
2184:
2182:
2019:that had created the first statewide
1130:decisions, skipping the intermediate
2751:
2684:
2273:"Opinion | Judges, With Hat in Hand"
1098:. The Court also has some forms of
1009:Florida Territorial Court of Appeals
2584:. November 27, 2021. Archived from
2373:. Melbourne, Florida. pp. 10B.
2340:. December 25, 2016. Archived from
1338:, which requires the creation of a
1261:
24:
3238:Supreme Court of the United States
2752:Klas, Mary Ellen (June 14, 2016).
2192:. October 21, 2012. Archived from
2179:
2088:Supreme Court of the United States
1215:Original nonexclusive jurisdiction
1204:Supreme Court of the United States
1202:Questions of law certified by the
1096:Supreme Court of the United States
963:The justices are appointed by the
511:Party for Socialism and Liberation
129:Supreme Court of the United States
25:
3666:
3051:
2780:Liptak, Adam (January 12, 2016).
2363:Royce, David (January 1, 2013).
2053:guarantee of a jury trial. The
1907:
1892:
1877:
1862:
1847:
1832:
1817:
1372:Florida House of Representatives
1137:Decisions by the DCAs declaring
898:
888:
208:
70:
3605:(federal and state, all levels)
2991:
2975:. June 16, 2017. Archived from
2965:
2941:
2913:
2885:
2857:
2829:
2801:
2773:
2745:
2716:
2704:
2678:
2653:
2632:
2614:
2600:
2574:
2549:
2531:
2506:
2480:
2455:
2443:
2385:"Editorial:Crushing the courts"
1944:
1926:
1283:
1048:
3650:1845 establishments in Florida
2836:Berman, Mark (March 7, 2016).
2377:
2356:
2324:
2298:
2264:
1340:Judicial Nominating Commission
1288:
1208:United States court of appeals
13:
1:
2172:
1936:requires each of the state's
883:Politics of the United States
587:U.S. House of Representatives
3566:United States Virgin Islands
2949:"Technological Transparency"
2926:U.S. News & World Report
2898:U.S. News & World Report
1785:
1735:
1723:1977 (age 46–47)
1685:
1635:
1313:
7:
3603:Courts of the United States
2365:"Ex-high justice, 85, dies"
2167:Republican Party of Florida
2135:
2041:United States Supreme Court
1958:Notable cases and precedent
1381:
310:Commissioner of Agriculture
10:
3671:
2111:
2075:
2069:
2066:2000 presidential election
1978:
1385:
1167:discretionary jurisdiction
1161:Discretionary jurisdiction
1069:and since its first case,
1000:
996:
786:Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick
235:United States Constitution
3595:
3574:
3530:
3247:
3227:
3127:District courts of appeal
3112:
1347:people. In 1974, Justice
1270:
1132:district courts of appeal
1043:
446:District courts of appeal
186:
178:
168:
161:
151:
143:
135:
122:
112:
101:
90:
82:
78:
69:
64:
3630:Florida appellate courts
3556:Northern Mariana Islands
3118:Supreme Court of Florida
3030:"Library & Archives"
2610:Supreme Court of Florida
2463:"Florida's Court System"
2162:Florida Democratic Party
1255:Florida Attorney General
1065:. The Court follows the
946:Supreme Court of Florida
836:Debbie Wasserman Schultz
561:Congressional delegation
536:Administrative divisions
523:Political party strength
65:Supreme Court of Florida
3220:Highest judicial bodies
2711:Engle v. Liggett Group.
2247:"Supreme Court History"
1934:Constitution of Florida
1334:") is set forth in the
356:President pro Tempore:
300:Chief Financial Officer
48:30.438092°N 84.283585°W
1976:
1298:
1240:Exclusive jurisdiction
1106:Mandatory jurisdiction
1100:exclusive jurisdiction
1058:
516:National minor parties
3640:Government of Florida
3034:Florida Supreme Court
2999:"Inside Bush v. Gore"
2665:Daily Business Review
2251:Florida Supreme Court
2147:Government of Florida
2118:Florida Supreme Court
2108:, published in 2013.
2100:Former chief justice
1973:Florida State Capitol
1970:
1963:State and local cases
1520:2018–2022; 2010–2012
1413:Mandatory retirement
1296:
1092:original jurisdiction
1056:
394:Speaker pro Tempore:
53:30.438092; -84.283585
18:Florida Supreme Court
3645:Tallahassee, Florida
3625:Florida state courts
3546:District of Columbia
3249:State supreme courts
3222:in the United States
3005:on December 20, 2014
2973:"HBO: Recount: Home"
2732:Florida State Senate
2588:on November 27, 2021
2344:on December 25, 2016
2312:. September 27, 1982
2152:Judiciary of Florida
2142:Florida Constitution
1336:Florida Constitution
1063:Florida Constitution
977:Florida state courts
856:Maria Elvira Salazar
240:Florida Constitution
117:Florida Constitution
95:Tallahassee, Florida
2626:www.leg.state.fl.us
2543:www.leg.state.fl.us
2196:on October 21, 2012
2116:The library of the
2106:Inside Bush v. Gore
2055:Florida Legislature
2017:Florida Legislature
1999:Florida Legislature
1987:Leander J. Shaw Jr.
1938:appellate districts
1344:governor of Florida
1234:writ of prohibition
1187:DCA decisions that
1146:Florida Legislature
1114:Cases in which the
895:Politics portal
275:Lieutenant Governor
201:Politics of Florida
144:Number of positions
44: /
3587:Philippine Islands
2815:The New York Times
2787:The New York Times
2310:The New York Times
2277:The New York Times
2037:capital punishment
2033:Timely Justice Act
2027:In 2013, Governor
2010:Terri Schiavo case
1977:
1682:September 14, 2020
1299:
1072:Stewart v. Preston
1059:
1003:History of Florida
905:Florida portal
486:Constitution Party
351:Kathleen Passidomo
187:Lead position ends
102:Composition method
3612:
3611:
3582:Panama Canal Zone
3186:
3185:
2021:education voucher
1922:
1921:
1811:
1810:
1732:September 1, 2022
1516:September 8, 2008
1251:advisory opinions
1013:Adams-Onis Treaty
942:
941:
866:Carlos A. Giménez
846:Mario Díaz-Balart
716:Anna Paulina Luna
506:Libertarian Party
501:Independent Party
471:Political parties
410:Fentrice Driskell
408:Minority Leader:
401:Majority Leader:
370:Minority Leader:
363:Majority Leader:
194:
193:
136:Judge term length
16:(Redirected from
3662:
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3206:
3199:
3190:
3189:
3096:
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3082:
3073:
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3068:
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3062:
3060:Official website
3045:
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3015:
3014:
3012:
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3001:. Archived from
2995:
2989:
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2979:on June 16, 2017
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2126:Florida Statutes
2121:Florida courts.
2102:Charles T. Wells
2046:Hurst v. Florida
2003:lethal injection
1951:
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1458:January 22, 2019
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1262:Prohibited Areas
1020:six-year terms.
934:
927:
920:
903:
902:
901:
893:
892:
826:Frederica Wilson
481:Republican Party
476:Democratic Party
439:Carlos G. Muñiz
403:Michael J. Grant
290:Attorney General
212:
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156:Official website
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2685:Saunders, Jim.
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2425:Nova Law Review
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2337:Tampa Bay Times
2330:
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2080:
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2051:Sixth Amendment
1983:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1931:
1927:
1918:
1912:
1903:
1901:Renatha Francis
1897:
1888:
1886:Jamie Grosshans
1882:
1873:
1871:John D. Couriel
1867:
1858:
1852:
1843:
1837:
1828:
1826:Carlos G. Muñiz
1822:
1792:January 7, 2025
1764:
1763:
1756:Florida Coastal
1742:January 7, 2025
1716:Renatha Francis
1714:
1713:
1692:January 2, 2029
1666:Jamie Grosshans
1664:
1663:
1642:January 2, 2029
1621:
1615:
1613:
1606:John D. Couriel
1604:
1603:
1582:January 2, 2029
1574:January 6, 2009
1563:
1557:
1555:
1546:
1545:
1524:January 2, 2029
1505:
1499:
1497:
1488:
1487:
1466:January 5, 2027
1447:
1441:
1439:
1428:Carlos G. Muñiz
1426:
1425:
1390:
1384:
1328:
1316:
1291:
1286:
1273:
1264:
1242:
1217:
1177:(as opposed to
1163:
1108:
1081:West Publishing
1051:
1046:
1032:David L. McCain
1005:
999:
938:
909:
899:
897:
887:
874:
873:
816:Jared Moskowitz
636:John Rutherford
563:
553:
552:
538:
528:
527:
466:
456:
455:
437:Chief Justice:
428:
418:
417:
337:
327:
326:
260:
250:
249:
230:
203:
173:Carlos G. Muñiz
97:, United States
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43:
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35:
33:
31:
30:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3569:
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3563:
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3548:
3543:
3541:American Samoa
3537:
3535:
3534:supreme courts
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3462:South Carolina
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3417:North Carolina
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
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3389:
3384:
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3253:
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3244:
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3241:
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3229:Federal courts
3225:
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3216:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3193:
3184:
3183:
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3180:
3172:
3171:
3168:Circuit courts
3163:
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3113:
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3069:
3053:
3052:External links
3050:
3047:
3046:
3016:
2990:
2964:
2940:
2912:
2901:. May 22, 2017
2884:
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2646:Baker Donelson
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2078:Gore v. Harris
2070:Main article:
2067:
2064:
1995:electric chair
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1943:
1924:
1923:
1920:
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1916:Meredith Sasso
1913:
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1841:Charles Canady
1838:
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1824:Chief Justice
1823:
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1809:
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1766:Meredith Sasso
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1620:March 23, 1978
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1407:Chief Justice
1405:
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1399:
1396:
1386:Main article:
1383:
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1278:gerrymandering
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766:Scott Franklin
759:
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696:Daniel Webster
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548:Municipalities
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451:Circuit courts
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322:State Agencies
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314:Wilton Simpson
307:
304:Jimmy Patronis
297:
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279:Jeanette Núñez
272:
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3596:Complete list
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3512:West Virginia
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3397:New Hampshire
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3357:Massachusetts
3355:
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3177:County courts
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2713:July 6, 2006.
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3106:state courts
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2072:Bush v. Gore
2044:
2032:
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2014:
2007:
1993:, Florida's
1984:
1946:
1928:
1800:Ron DeSantis
1782:May 25, 2023
1750:Ron DeSantis
1700:Ron DeSantis
1650:Ron DeSantis
1632:June 1, 2020
1474:Ron DeSantis
1434:
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726:Kathy Castor
432:
294:Ashley Moody
269:Ron DeSantis
224:Constitution
182:July 1, 2022
29:
3561:Puerto Rico
3532:Territorial
3372:Mississippi
3287:Connecticut
3009:January 12,
2877:October 15,
2821:February 3,
2793:February 3,
2765:October 15,
2518:Ballotpedia
2316:January 12,
2224:October 16,
2031:signed the
1706:Mississippi
1419:Law school
1349:Ben Overton
1307:Florida Bar
1289:Composition
1247:Florida Bar
1077:law reports
988:Tallahassee
756:Greg Steube
676:Darren Soto
616:Kat Cammack
573:Marco Rubio
568:U.S. Senate
496:Green Party
389:Paul Renner
372:Lauren Book
335:Legislature
245:Florida law
108:appointment
83:Established
51: /
3619:Categories
3507:Washington
3407:New Mexico
3402:New Jersey
3277:California
2696:October 2,
2173:References
2076:See also:
2029:Rick Scott
1991:Old Sparky
1979:See also:
1616:1978-03-23
1578:2014–2018
1558:1952-10-21
1500:1954-06-22
1442:1969-06-25
1410:Term ends
1232:, and the
1067:common law
1001:See also:
954:U.S. state
796:Brian Mast
736:Laurel Lee
666:Bill Posey
656:Cory Mills
626:Aaron Bean
596:Matt Gaetz
579:Rick Scott
124:Appeals to
39:84°17′01″W
36:30°26′17″N
3517:Wisconsin
3472:Tennessee
3431:Oklahoma
3367:Minnesota
3342:Louisiana
3039:April 30,
2983:April 30,
2849:August 3,
2737:March 15,
2724:"HB 7101"
2592:April 30,
2566:April 30,
2523:April 30,
2498:April 30,
2472:April 30,
2437:1049-0248
2348:April 30,
2290:April 30,
2285:0362-4331
2256:April 30,
2200:April 30,
2001:to adopt
1941:district.
1401:District
1314:Operation
1189:expressly
606:Neal Dunn
464:Elections
426:Judiciary
347:President
258:Executive
169:Currently
3575:Obsolete
3502:Virginia
3485:criminal
3440:criminal
3412:New York
3387:Nebraska
3377:Missouri
3362:Michigan
3352:Maryland
3337:Kentucky
3317:Illinois
3292:Delaware
3282:Colorado
3272:Arkansas
2933:June 15,
2905:June 15,
2136:See also
1914:Justice
1899:Justice
1884:Justice
1869:Justice
1854:Justice
1839:Justice
1395:Justice
1382:Justices
1226:mandamus
1193:directly
965:governor
543:Counties
265:Governor
91:Location
3522:Wyoming
3497:Vermont
3382:Montana
3322:Indiana
3302:Georgia
3297:Florida
3267:Arizona
3257:Alabama
3160:6th DCA
3155:5th DCA
3150:4th DCA
3135:1st DCA
3103:Florida
2112:Library
2094:Recount
2082:In the
2039:. The
1806:Florida
1656:Harvard
1596:Florida
1404:Joined
1356:elector
1303:elector
1179:invalid
1139:invalid
1134:(DCAs).
997:History
958:Florida
952:in the
948:is the
385:Speaker
285:Cabinet
152:Website
139:6 years
3476:Texas
3447:Oregon
3392:Nevada
3332:Kansas
3307:Hawaii
3262:Alaska
3145:3d DCA
3140:2d DCA
2435:
2283:
2086:, the
1727:Fourth
1569:Fourth
1511:Second
1376:Senate
1271:Duties
1044:Powers
342:Senate
3480:civil
3435:civil
3347:Maine
3312:Idaho
2952:(PDF)
2431:(3).
1796:2058
1777:Sixth
1746:2052
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1627:Third
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1528:2029
1470:2044
1453:First
1398:Born
1206:or a
1175:valid
1124:facts
380:House
179:Since
3551:Guam
3492:Utah
3427:Ohio
3327:Iowa
3041:2023
3011:2015
2985:2023
2959:2016
2935:2017
2907:2017
2879:2016
2851:2016
2823:2016
2795:2016
2767:2016
2739:2016
2698:2020
2672:2020
2594:2023
2568:2023
2525:2023
2500:2023
2493:WKMG
2474:2023
2433:ISSN
2350:2023
2318:2015
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2281:ISSN
2258:2023
2226:2020
2202:2023
1932:The
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1752:(R)
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1652:(R)
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1476:(R)
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