362:
48:
1450:
319:
22:
1797:
4616:
4604:
888:
1160:
1682:
4626:
304:
1022:
330:
1368:
exist. This unique assemblage is in marked contrast to the relative impoverishment of the native vascular plants. There are about 920 species of moss and liverwort in
Scotland, with 87% of UK and 60% of European bryophytes represented. Scotland's bryophyte flora is globally important and this small country may host as many as 5% of the world's species (in 0.05% of the
2219:
1868:
appear to have been used around forts since time immemorial, so the story, whether it factually relates to the Haakon episode or not, likely is the culmination of more than one such event over time. In some variants, it is invading
English which stumble on a thistle, but the story predates this time.
294:
flowering plants and there are a variety of endemic mosses and lichens. Conservation of the natural environment is well developed and various organisations play an important role in the stewardship of the country's flora. Numerous references to the country's flora appear in folklore, song and poetry.
1007:
lice from Japan, which feed on the
Knotweed, may be introduced to the UK to bring the plant under control. This would be the first time that an alien species has been used in Britain in this way. Scientists at the Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International do not believe the lice will cause any
1367:
species, due to the damp climate, absence of lengthy droughts and winters without protracted hard frosts. In addition, the country's diverse geology, numerous exposed rocky crags and screes and deep, damp ravines coupled with a relatively pollution-free atmosphere enables a diversity of species to
445:
in the world, supporting a distinctive wildlife community. 75% of
Scotland's land is classed as agricultural (including some moorland) with urban areas accounting for around 3% of the total. The number of islands with terrestrial vegetation is nearly 800, about 600 of them lying off the west coast.
1012:
and sheep has also resulted in the impoverishment of moorland and upland habitats and a loss of native woodland. In 2012, the
Scottish Government published a "Code of Practice on Non-Native Species" to help people understand their responsibilities and provide guidance as to which public body has
2220:
https://www.gov.scot/binaries/content/documents/govscot/publications/strategy-plan/2019/02/scotlands-forestry-strategy-20192029/documents/scotlands-forestry-strategy-2019-2029/scotlands-forestry-strategy-2019-2029/govscot%3Adocument/scotlands-forestry-strategy-2019-2029.pdf
1194:. Various estimates have put its age at between 2,000 and 5,000 years; recent research into yew tree ages suggests that it is likely to be nearer the lower limit of 2,000 years. This still makes it the oldest tree in Europe, although there is an older
1608:
Lichens are abundant, with 37% of
European species represented in just 0.75% of the European land area. Most rock surfaces, except those in very exposed places, or that are kept constantly wet by sea or fresh water, become grown with lichens.
683:. The European range of this plant is confined to Scotland and western Ireland and it is one of only a small number of species which is common in North America, but very restricted in Europe. There are a few localised examples of the
3470:
428:
forest. Although reduced significantly (some estimates are as high as 98%), significant remnants of the native Scots Pine woodlands can be found in places. 17% of
Scotland is covered by heather moorland and
1726:
includes the largest area of arctic mountain landscape in the UK. Sites designated as of importance to natural heritage take up 39% of the land area, two-thirds of which are of Europe-wide importance.
3380:
An
Account of the Mosses in Scotland. In a Letter from the Right Honourable George Earl of Cromertie, &c. Fellow of the Royal Society, to Dr. Hans Sloane, R. S. Secr., by George Earl of Cromertie
1699:
Conservation of the natural environment is well-developed in the United
Kingdom. There are various public sector organisations with an important role in the stewardship of the country's flora.
236:. The total number of vascular species is low by world standards but lichens and bryophytes are abundant and the latter form a population of global importance. Various populations of rare
5699:
1637:
are endemic species. The former is found in the hazel woodlands of the west coast and the latter at only two sites in the
Highlands. The British ranges of 35 species are confined to the
703:
systems (where marram grass may be locally abundant) and stony mountain tops and plateaux. The total number of species is large; 84 have been recorded on the verges of a single road in
1151:
was undertaken by Moray College commencing in 2006. The orange berries can be processed into jams, liquors and ointments and the hardy species grows well even on exposed west coasts.
1745:
is the conservation charity that protects and promotes Scotland's natural and cultural heritage. With over 330,000 members it is the largest conservation charity in Scotland. The
3042:
1144:, standing a few hundred metres from the centre of Birnam. It may well have been part of Birnam Wood at the time of the battle 900 years ago, and remains part of the legend.
5896:
3675:
1715:
and is one of the country's largest landowners. The Joint Nature Conservation Committee is the statutory adviser to Government on UK and international nature conservation.
3215:
3169:
240:
exist, although the impact of 19th-century collectors threatened the existence of several species. The flora is generally typical of the north-west European part of the
6111:
6003:
3065:
3025:
1513:
3466:
417:. Approximately 18.5% of Scotland is wooded, 14.5% of which is non-native forestry plantation, but prior to human clearing there would have been much larger areas of
263:. In addition to the native species of vascular plants there are numerous non-native introductions, now believed to make up some 43% of the species in the country.
6116:
5968:
1550:
1392:
1788:
prohibits the uprooting of plants without a landowner's permission and the collection of any part of the most threatened species, which are listed in Schedule 8.
1707:. Until 2004 there were 73, but a review carried out in that year resulted in a significant number of sites losing their NNR status, and as of 2022 there are 43.
6121:
1431:
2810:
2016:
1335:
Hills, north Wales and two locations in England. The plants were first identified as separate species by John Bolton in 1785 and came under severe threat from
2794:
2231:
6038:
5978:
4274:
6154:
6101:
5881:
4564:
3793:
6139:
5988:
5936:
5871:
5856:
5846:
207:
1741:
There are also numerous charitable and voluntary organisations with an important role to play, of which the more prominent include the following. The
1237:
near Inverness, reaches just over 62 metres (203 ft) in height and was considered to be the tallest tree in Britain until a survey undertaken by
6164:
5993:
4413:
3013:
1936:
Trees held an important place in Gaelic culture from the earliest times. Particularly large trees were venerated, and the most valuable such as oak,
100:
4534:
3427:
1213:, Argyll in the 1870s was named as the UK's tallest tree in 2011. The next four tallest trees in the UK are all found in Scotland. The Stronardron
521:(which created a barrier to re-colonisation). Nonetheless, there are a variety of important species and assemblages. Heather moor containing ling,
3615:
2159:
4194:
2444:
5404:
3253:
2643:
2591:
1033:
Only 31 species of deciduous tree and shrub are native to Scotland, including 10 willows, four whitebeams and three birch and cherry species.
2140:
3740:) in the Scottish Neolithic: A Re-evaluation of Palynological Findings from Grooved Ware Pottery at Balfarg Riding School and Henge, Fife."
1349:, is a rare fern in a UK context whose distribution is confined to Scotland, although recent research suggests that it may be a variant of
1753:
is a charity whose main role is as a guardian of wild land and wildlife, through the ownership of land and the promotion of education and
679:
in the 18th century, although there was subsequent confusion as to both the discoverer and the correct scientific name – now agreed to be
5066:
2271:
1727:
3634:
Forts and Fortresses – From the Hill Forts of Prehistory to Modern Times: The Definitive Visual Account of the Science of Fortification.
2260:
Ratcliffe, D.A. (7 October 1998). Flow Country: The Peatlands of Caithness and Sutherland (Report). Joint Nature Conservation Committee.
5694:
5157:
3297:
2031:
497:, a fertile dune pasture land formed as sea levels subsided after the last ice age. Machairs have received considerable ecological and
3672:
3595:
5818:
4662:
2021:
1746:
141:
5542:
4408:
2316:
2194:
5037:
4559:
4481:
3786:
3315:
1384:
host a unique bryophyte community called the "Northern Hepatic Mat", which is dominated by a variety of rare liverworts, such as
83:
3766:
3197:
2707:
1511:, the latter's UK population being found only here and at one site in England. The west coast is rich in oceanic mosses such as
5167:
4918:
4629:
3212:
1525:
is a European endemic, occurring at only four European sites outside Scotland and it is classified as "Critically Endangered".
1048:
hedge, which is 530 metres (0.3 miles) in length, reaches 30 metres (100 ft) in height and is noted in the
200:
3170:"Allozyme, Spore and Frond Variation in Some Scottish Populations of the Ferns Cystopteris dickieana and Cystopteris fragilis"
3143:
5081:
4891:
4764:
4311:
4279:
3709:
Barclay, G. J. and Russell-White, C. (1993) "Excavations in the ceremonial complex of the fourth to second millennium BC and
2968:
2936:
2101:
1557:), a nationally scarce species most commonly found in the sessile oak woods of western Scotland, was discovered at a site on
3415:
3062:
5721:
5456:
4988:
4539:
4398:
4316:
2837:
1562:
675:
has generated some botanical controversy regarding its discovery, classification and distribution. It was found growing on
146:
3649:
3566:
5632:
5436:
5332:
5008:
4754:
4187:
3378:
2624:
3528:
2760:
5292:
3779:
1704:
1418:
3488:
3111:
5679:
5414:
5151:
5076:
4993:
4799:
4719:
2875:
2378:
2116:
2086:
2072:
2058:
1785:
193:
3337:
5946:
4744:
4729:
4709:
4403:
2789:
2568:
1887:
1703:
is the statutory body responsible for natural heritage management in Scotland. One of their duties is to establish
5669:
6197:
5876:
5738:
5096:
4886:
4769:
4498:
4393:
361:
162:
5506:
5177:
4913:
4903:
4619:
4338:
4301:
4240:
4180:
4030:
1496:
3735:
5811:
5748:
5252:
5202:
5124:
4739:
4655:
4488:
4343:
4306:
2776:
Johnston, Ian (5 May 2008) "Britain calls on alien parasites to take fight to Japanese knotweed". Edinburgh.
1996:
1778:
1083:) are amongst the most endangered tree species in the world if rarity is measured by numbers alone. Only 236
5496:
5399:
5346:
5297:
5257:
5054:
5032:
4699:
4476:
4451:
4441:
4333:
4296:
2767:
UK National Biodiversity Network, Scottish Wildlife Trust. Retrieved through GBIF data portal 17 July 2008.
1749:
promotes conservation of birds and other wildlife through the protection and re-creation of habitats. The
1091:
were recorded as mature trees in 1980. The trees developed in a highly complex fashion involving the rock
899:
Some of Scotland's flowering plant species have extremely restricted ranges in the country. These include
6083:
5706:
5642:
5501:
5446:
4908:
4898:
4871:
4714:
4383:
4321:
4286:
2006:
1742:
1238:
181:
151:
6202:
6192:
6144:
5921:
5637:
5431:
5139:
5133:
4983:
4928:
4809:
4388:
4328:
4259:
4245:
3612:
3238:
2156:
1708:
157:
33:
2441:
1573:
nature reserve. The high Cairngorms provide sites for a variety of other unusual liverworts including
1467:
is common and harvested commercially for use in hanging baskets and wreaths and for medical purposes.
5716:
5711:
5393:
5061:
4876:
4529:
4291:
4155:
1825:
1770:
1273:
1138:
1111:) to produce the new species. In 2007 it was announced that two specimens of a third new hybrid, the
1100:
308:
73:
6159:
6008:
5804:
5647:
5627:
5562:
5476:
5409:
5367:
5327:
5282:
5147:
5049:
5015:
4846:
4648:
4584:
4468:
4217:
4148:
3970:
3250:
2909:
2640:
2620:
species is known from only six sites in the UK – five in Scotland and one in northern England. See
2584:
1723:
1693:
1676:
1242:
1230:
954:
760:
592:
2137:
985:
A number of non-native, invasive species have been identified as a threat to native biodiversity;
5622:
5237:
5020:
4933:
4923:
4804:
4749:
4589:
4431:
4366:
4353:
3112:"Habitat account – Rocky habitats and caves: 8110 Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels (
1590:
1472:
1413:
1277:
1261:
1130:
1119:) had been discovered by researchers on Arran. This tree is a cross between the native rowan and
121:
78:
5511:
5302:
5086:
4998:
4956:
4784:
4000:
3921:
3916:
1923:
1801:
1617:) is a common species. The trunks and branches of large trees are an important lichen habitat,
1269:
1049:
1037:
684:
2275:
1044:
were planted in the autumn of 1745 by Jean Mercer and her husband, Robert Murray Nairne. This
5684:
5599:
5571:
5547:
5387:
5312:
5247:
5027:
4978:
4831:
4819:
4493:
4222:
4203:
4134:
3849:
1833:
1689:
1545:
1500:
1480:
1437:
1341:
1289:
999:
914:
805:. Although reported from two other sites in the 19th century, it currently grows only on two
645:
513:
The total number of vascular species is low by world standards, partly due to the effects of
5481:
3293:
2921:
2853:
1960:
using tree names. Rowan was regularly planted close to Highland houses as a protection from
1852:, thus alerting Scots to their presence. Some sources suggest the specific occasion was the
517:
glaciations (which eliminated all or nearly all species) and the subsequent creation of the
47:
6068:
5728:
5674:
5661:
5262:
5106:
5101:
4965:
4947:
4759:
4704:
4446:
4264:
4250:
4025:
3990:
3965:
3860:
3855:
3592:
2362:
2037:
1837:
1754:
1610:
1539:
1522:
1468:
1453:
1449:
1148:
1076:
974:
962:
926:
498:
1315:
are on the edge of their natural ranges. The UK distribution of the former is confined to
8:
5998:
5958:
5861:
5771:
5743:
5466:
5461:
5441:
5359:
5307:
5272:
5225:
5071:
5003:
4973:
4861:
4841:
4794:
4734:
4724:
4691:
4682:
4524:
4503:
4378:
4269:
4161:
4086:
3593:"The story Behind the Scottish Thistle the national emblem of Scotland:'A Prickly Tale'."
2001:
1861:
1774:
1712:
1638:
1629:
1241:
in 2009 (which named the Stronardron fir as the highest). This survey concluded that the
1126:
970:
901:
843:
625:
620:
6149:
5973:
5689:
5552:
5419:
5192:
5187:
5129:
5042:
4866:
4789:
4774:
4519:
4141:
4055:
3886:
3667:
3140:
2312:
2198:
1945:
1844:
has it, an invading army had attempted to sneak up at night on the Scots. One, perhaps
1731:
1655:
1575:
1566:
1518:
1504:
1422:
1408:
1386:
1381:
1265:
1172:
966:
958:
864:
783:
744:
634:
616:
604:
470:
283:
3312:
3028:(28 June 2007) Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 29 September 2007. "The Fortingall Yew near
2691:"Experts join forces to halt decline of rare forest plant" (18 March 2008) Edinburgh.
6169:
6053:
6048:
6023:
5780:
5733:
5528:
5491:
5486:
5471:
5451:
5277:
5182:
5172:
4881:
4851:
4551:
4361:
4228:
3995:
3811:
2871:
2704:
2374:
2112:
2097:
2082:
2068:
2054:
2026:
2011:
1814:
1404:
1112:
1068:
1041:
990:
802:
649:
612:
580:
546:
542:
421:
252:
68:
3063:"Scotland remains home to Britain's tallest tree as Dughall Mor reaches new heights"
6078:
6028:
5941:
5926:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5886:
5866:
5851:
5841:
5584:
5579:
5516:
5382:
5242:
5143:
4123:
3981:
3955:
2366:
1972:
1968:
1937:
1508:
1312:
1281:
1104:
1056:
994:
946:
938:
860:
608:
596:
584:
554:
490:
486:
458:
418:
279:
249:
241:
3751:
3632:
3445:
3081:
2965:
2933:
2517:
2232:"Restoring the ancient Caledonian Forest (Alan Watson-Featherstone, TEDxFindhorn)"
1221:
in Argyll is recorded as 63.79 metres (209.3 ft). Diana's Grove Grand fir at
945:, also found here, were introduced in 2008. Other nationally rare species include
6106:
6073:
6063:
6043:
6033:
6018:
6013:
5963:
5931:
5916:
5891:
5827:
5785:
5609:
5589:
5207:
5091:
4608:
4046:
3960:
3679:
3653:
3619:
3599:
3492:
3474:
3341:
3319:
3301:
3257:
3219:
3147:
3069:
2972:
2940:
2841:
2798:
2764:
2711:
2647:
2628:
2595:
2448:
2320:
2163:
2144:
1953:
1941:
1929:
1882:
1877:
1853:
1810:
1750:
1534:
1517:
and the Ben Lawers range also provides habitats for various rare species such as
1399:
Scotland has played an important part in the development of the understanding of
1346:
1316:
930:
814:
806:
752:
716:
558:
481:
366:
287:
114:
2985:
2834:
1952:
were classed as "commoners", and there were "lower orders" and "slaves" such as
6058:
5983:
5953:
5594:
4035:
3881:
3646:
3570:
1892:
1488:
1373:
1308:
1183:
1045:
950:
748:
724:
630:
526:
462:
342:
275:
225:
3647:
Text of the poem in Gaelic, with Sorley Maclean's own translation into English
2621:
545:. Cliffs and mountains host a diversity of arctic and alpine plants including
446:
Scotland has more than 90% of the volume and 70% of the total surface area of
6186:
5613:
5377:
5317:
5286:
5162:
4233:
4128:
4020:
3896:
3891:
3532:
2865:
2757:
2617:
1719:
1618:
1492:
1293:
1218:
1206:
1195:
1176:
1064:
986:
906:
756:
712:
708:
665:
653:
576:
537:
is generally abundant and contains various smaller flowering species such as
522:
475:
318:
267:
3771:
3032:
in Scotland – believed to be the oldest tree in the UK and possibly Europe."
2952:
Rollo, Sarah (5 January 2008) "Moray pioneers berry crop trials". Aberdeen.
1848:, unwelcome foreign soldier stumbled upon a Scots Thistle, and cried out in
1824:
has been one of the national emblems of the Scots nation since the reign of
21:
5372:
5322:
5267:
4836:
3485:
2801:(2003) (pdf) Skye and Lochalsh Biodiversity Group. Retrieved 29 March 2008.
2434:
1987:
period. This tradition has recently been taken up once again by New Agers.
1980:
1902:
1873:
1336:
1332:
1234:
1222:
942:
764:
728:
704:
668:
661:
588:
425:
5535:
1872:
Numerous plants are referred to in Scottish song and verse. These include
3843:
3374:
3334:
1829:
1796:
1621:
being particularly conspicuous. In the past lichens were widely used for
1570:
1351:
1301:
1214:
1141:
1003:
are generally regarded as the 'big 4'. In May 2008 it was announced that
856:
600:
530:
514:
447:
442:
4172:
3730:
Barclay and Russell-White's findings have been contested by Long, D. J.
4779:
3514:
3401:
1961:
1700:
1685:
1597:
1579:, the European distribution of which is confined to two sites here and
1558:
1487:) are amongst many other abundant natives. Endemic species include the
1320:
1225:, which was measured at 62.7 metres (206 ft) is the next highest.
1191:
1187:
772:
733:
538:
438:
407:
388:
334:
323:
3053:. London. Kew Publishing but does not refer to the next tallest trees.
2178:
5116:
3029:
1984:
1757:. The trust owns and manages estates in various locations, including
1426:
1364:
1210:
1092:
872:
852:
822:
572:
550:
518:
502:
434:
414:
384:
312:
233:
4640:
3383:
Philosophical Transactions The Royal Society. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
3270:
2460:
2296:
Tivy, Joy "The Bio-climate" in Clapperton, Chalmers M. (ed.) (1983)
5426:
5197:
4671:
4436:
1957:
1845:
1758:
1586:
1580:
1464:
1400:
1009:
887:
799:
795:
791:
672:
567:
562:
430:
395:
391:
380:
291:
256:
245:
5796:
3049:. Retrieved 10 July 2011. This source quotes Johnson, Owen (2011)
2079:
The Nature of the Cairngorms: Diversity in a changing environment.
1296:
was thought to be extinct in Scotland, but has been discovered on
1008:
environmental damage. Over-grazing caused by the large numbers of
3710:
3370:
3356:
Rothero, Gordon "Bryophytes", in Shaw and Thompson (2006) p. 200.
3051:
Champion Trees of Britain and Ireland: The Tree Register Handbook
1897:
1865:
1864:, who had harried the coast for some years. Spiky plants such as
1821:
1257:
1246:
1175:
are the only coniferous trees definitely native to Scotland with
1159:
1134:
1060:
1004:
934:
494:
403:
399:
374:
350:
260:
3179:: pp. 83–105. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
2622:"Species Action Plan: Young's Helleborine (Epipactis youngiana)"
1730:
includes Britain's largest body of freshwater, the mountains of
1681:
771:) was only discovered for the first time in 2004 at the head of
266:
There are a variety of important trees species and specimens; a
5523:
4097:
4077:
3834:
3504:
Fryday, Alan "Lichens", in Shaw and Thompson (2006) pp. 177–90.
2244:
1910:
1857:
1841:
1762:
1735:
1324:
1199:
922:
910:
848:
830:
826:
739:
534:
411:
271:
229:
1967:
Various plants are said to have apotropaic qualities, notably
1411:
commencing explorations at the end of the eighteenth century.
383:
enjoys a diversity of temperate ecologies, incorporating both
224:
is an assemblage of native plant species including over 1,600
3926:
2891:
Eric Bignal (1980). "The endemic whitebeams of North Arran".
2555:
Scott, W. Harvey, P., Riddington, R. & Fisher, M. (2002)
2461:"Vegetation change on highway verges in south-east Scotland."
2051:
Scottish Wild Plants: Their History, Ecology and Conservation
1377:
1369:
1328:
1249:
came next in height, standing at 61.31 metres (201 ft).
876:
450:
in the United Kingdom. There are more than 30,000 freshwater
303:
1272:
is a common upland variety in the Highlands, along with the
1129:
makes reference to Birnam Wood being used as camouflage for
1021:
329:
4011:
3907:
3872:
3413:
2739:"Vascular Plants", in Shaw and Thompson (2006) pp. 215–231.
2650:. Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
2157:"Natural Heritage Trends. Species diversity: plant species"
1949:
1849:
1766:
1561:
in 2008. The species is named after the Scottish botanist,
1297:
918:
810:
700:
676:
465:
dominates to the west and north, Scots pine with birch and
451:
237:
3000:
Kinmonth, F. (2006). Ageing the yew – no core, no curve?
2758:"Small Cow-wheat distributions for Scotland 1999 to 2005"
1773:
is a charity that aims to restore a "wild forest" in the
1622:
466:
3515:"About NNRS | Scotland's National Nature Reserves"
2094:
A History of the Native Woodlands of Scotland 1500–1920
1940:
and Apple were classed as "nobles". The less important
1186:
is an ancient tree in the churchyard of the village of
255:
forest (much reduced from its natural extent), heather
3553:
3241:
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
2866:
Donald Rodger, John Stokes & James Ogilve (2006).
2544:
The Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Shetland Islands
2451:
Interactive Flora of NW Europe. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
2017:
Category:Lists of vascular plants of the British Isles
3715:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
3344:(2001) (pdf) Stirling Council. Retrieved 16 May 2008.
1856:, which marked the beginning of the departure of the
652:
are common plants of moorland pools and lochans. The
3150:. plant-identification.co.uk. Retrieved 25 May 2008.
2353:. Edinburgh. Scottish Mountaineering Club. pp 45–58.
1363:
Scotland provides ideal growing conditions for many
917:, recorded at only a few mainland locations, and on
3448:
British Bryological Society. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
2092:Smout, T.C. MacDonald, R. and Watson, Fiona (2007)
1836:in 1470. Today, it forms part of the emblem of the
1233:for "Big Douglas"), another Douglas fir located in
2821:
2819:
2631:UK Biodiversity Action Plan. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
2245:Preston, C.D.; Pearman, D.A.; Dines, T.D. (2002).
1927:, (known elsewhere as the "Harebell") rather than
1013:responsibility for the various habitats involved.
571:pastures, which grow well in locations exposed to
441:have some of the largest and most intact areas of
274:is the tallest tree in the United Kingdom and the
2844:Scottish Natural Heritage. Retrieved 1 May 2008.
2666:Transactions of the Botanical Society of Scotland
1917:. The last two lyrics include a reference to the
6184:
3495:. (pdf) Stirling Council. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
3198:"Why Scotland has so many mosses and liverworts"
1653:. Other nationally rare species found here are
699:Grasses and sedges are common everywhere except
3369:is also the name given to substantial areas of
3168:Parks, J.C., Dyer, F.A. and Lindsay, S. (2000)
2856:Big Tree Country.co.uk. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
2816:
2659:
2598:Orkney Islands Council. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
457:Below the tree line there are several zones of
3469:Biodiversity Scotland. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
2349:Slack, Alf "Flora" in Slesser, Malcolm (1970)
1499:. In the Cairngorms there are small stands of
508:
5812:
4656:
4188:
3801:
3787:
3269:Hobbs, V.J. and N. M. Pritchard (March 1987)
3239:"Bryology (mosses, liverworts and hornworts)"
3016:National Geographic. Retrieved 20 April 2008.
2943:Forestry Commission. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
2189:
2187:
2077:Shaw, Philip and Thompson, Des (eds.) (2006)
1147:Research into the possible commercial use of
493:. Much of the Scottish coastline consists of
201:
3602:scotshistoryonline. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
3072:Forestry Commission. Retrieved 26 April 2008
3043:"Britain's record-breaking trees identified"
2791:Skye & Lochalsh Biodiversity Action Plan
2371:Natural History in the Highlands and Islands
1791:
798:. It was first recorded in 1837 by Shetland
2890:
2813:Scottish Government. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
2480:Webster (1978) pp. 469, 481–3, 497–98, 514.
2315:Wildlife Hebrides. Retrieved 25 April 2008
2274:. Scottish Natural Heritage. Archived from
2197:. Scottish Natural Heritage. Archived from
1956:and Juniper. The alphabet was learned as a
1728:Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park
1528:
1441:were also first discovered in the country.
1052:as the tallest and longest hedge on Earth.
821:), is endemic to the north coast including
755:, and less commonly the introduced species
715:are widespread in damp lowland conditions,
501:attention, chiefly because of their unique
5819:
5805:
4663:
4649:
4195:
4181:
3794:
3780:
3637:Chancellor Press. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
3352:
3350:
3294:"Hylocomium splendens: Mountain Fern Moss"
2975:Forestry Commission. Retrieved 1 May 2008.
2924:Big Tree Country. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
2308:
2306:
2184:
2179:"LICHENS: Biodiversity & Conservation"
2109:Flora of Moray, Nairn & East Inverness
2032:Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands
1569:is an endemic liverwort found only in the
1421:who first discovered the plant growing at
208:
194:
4202:
3682:jimwillsher.co.uk. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
3622:killerplants.com Retrieved 26 April 2008.
3284:No. 1 pp. 177–192. Retrieved 16 May 2008.
3002:International Dendrology Society Yearbook
2259:
2022:List of the mosses of Britain and Ireland
1747:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
1711:serves as the forestry department of the
1133:army before the battle at Dunsinane with
3754:Celtic Society. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
3742:Academic Press. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
3613:"Why is thistle the emblem of Scotland?"
2811:"Code of Practice on Non-Native Species"
2731:
2729:
2247:New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora
2133:
2131:
2049:Lusby, Phillip and Wright, Jenny (2002)
1795:
1680:
1448:
1355:rather than a species in its own right.
1264:in woods and other shaded locations and
1158:
1020:
886:
360:
328:
317:
302:
20:
3347:
3313:"Species Profile: Glittering wood-moss"
3234:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3208:
3206:
2303:
1596:for example, having been found only in
763:is a familiar site on marshy land, but
603:along with more common species such as
6185:
3402:"Rare plant discovered on Ben Lomond".
3330:
3328:
3322:Trees for Life. Retrieved 16 May 2008.
2884:
2835:"World's tallest hedge gets the chop!"
2714:Trees for Life. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
2585:Orkney Islands Council: "Where to see
2575:caithness.org. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
2174:
2172:
1358:
1103:but not Arran, interbreeding with the
278:may be the oldest tree in Europe. The
5800:
4670:
4644:
4176:
3775:
3260:ForestHarvest. Retrieved 16 May 2008.
2726:
2300:. Newton Abbott. David & Charles.
2128:
694:
565:islands of the west coast, there are
4989:Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland
4625:
3414:David Bell & David Long (2012).
3407:
3225:
3203:
3082:"Scots fir is 'tallest tree in UK' "
3014:"Oldest Living Tree Found in Sweden"
2783:
1345:, first discovered in a sea cave in
1288:) which is endemic to Scotland. The
731:on upland moors. In damp conditions
5826:
3325:
3213:"Mosses and Liverworts in Scotland"
3159:Lusby and Wright (2001) pp. 107–09.
3084:BBC NEWS. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
2903:
2748:Lusby and Wright (2001) pp. 14, 48.
2471:pp. 109–107. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
2169:
1380:). The mountains of the North-west
13:
2542:Scott, W. & Palmer, R. (1987)
2313:"The Natural Environment: Machair"
2081:Edinburgh. The Stationery Office.
1429:and several other species such as
1331:, and of the latter to Angus, the
1016:
980:
863:and classified as endangered. The
778:
640:
14:
6214:
5415:Scottish Qualifications Authority
5152:Office of the Accountant of Court
5077:Member of the Scottish Parliament
4275:fossiliferous stratigraphic units
3760:
3296:Rook.Org. Retrieved 16 May 2008.
3271:"Population Dynamics of the Moss
3026:"Wanted: Fat, old, gnarled trees"
2682:Lusby and Wright (2001) pp. 22–3.
2518:"Search for sedge species starts"
2425:Lusby and Wright (2001) pp. 42–3.
1786:Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
1372:'s land area, similar in size to
637:are common plants of the coasts.
587:. The machair landscapes include
4624:
4615:
4614:
4602:
3745:
3724:
3703:
3569:. Trees for Life. Archived from
3554:"Welcome to the John Muir Trust"
3486:"Lichen Species Action Plan US6"
2870:. The Tree Council. p. 58.
2559:Shetland Amenity Trust. Lerwick.
1888:A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle
1260:is very common in upland areas,
1205:At 64.3 metres (211 ft), a
1137:. There is an ancient tree, the
46:
3767:Trees for Life species profiles
3713:/Balbirnie, Glenrothes, Fife."
3694:
3685:
3659:
3640:
3625:
3605:
3585:
3559:
3547:
3521:
3507:
3498:
3479:
3460:
3451:
3439:
3395:
3386:
3359:
3306:
3287:
3263:
3251:"Sphagnum moss (Sphagnum spp.)"
3244:
3191:
3182:
3162:
3153:
3134:
3125:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3075:
3056:
3035:
3019:
3007:
2994:
2978:
2959:
2946:
2927:
2915:
2859:
2847:
2828:
2804:
2770:
2751:
2742:
2717:
2698:
2685:
2676:
2653:
2634:
2610:
2601:
2578:
2562:
2549:
2536:
2510:
2501:
2492:
2483:
2474:
2454:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2392:
2383:
2356:
2343:
2334:
2325:
2290:
1670:
882:
829:. It is closely related to the
743:are found abundantly including
3467:"Species & Habitat Detail"
3335:"Moss Species Action Plan US8"
3122:. JNCC. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
3093:Ratcliffe (1977) p. 9, 31, 50.
3041:Copping, Jasper (4 June 2011)
2416:Lusby and Wright (2001) p. 69.
2398:Lusby and Wright (2001) p. 50.
2264:
2253:
2238:
2224:
2213:
2150:
2107:Webster, Mary McCallum (1978)
2096:. Edinburgh University Press.
1286:A. distentifolium var. flexile
905:, found only on the slopes of
244:and prominent features of the
1:
3102:Ratcliffe, (1977) pp. 40, 67.
2912:BBC. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
2607:Lusby and Wright (2001) p. 8.
2331:Lusby and Wright (2001) p. 3.
2181:RBGE. Retrieved 26 April 2008
2111:. Aberdeen University Press.
2043:
1997:Botanical Society of Scotland
1921:. The "Scottish Bluebell" is
929:contain rare species such as
737:reeds and several species of
101:Special Areas of Conservation
4765:Colonisation of the Americas
3673:"And The Accordions Played".
2723:Ratcliffe (1977) pp. 61, 90.
2407:Ratcliffe (1977) pp. 50, 75.
2340:Ratcliffe (1977) pp. 37, 70.
2195:"Scottish wildlife habitats"
2166:SNH. Retrieved 26 April 2008
2147:SNH. Retrieved 26 April 2008
2138:"Flowering Plants and Ferns"
1828:(1249–1286) and was used on
1099:), which is found on nearby
629:) first recorded in 1684 by
333:Typical upland scenery with
7:
3420:and the 'Viking prongwort'"
3222:SNH. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
3200:SNH. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
3174:Edinburgh Journal of Botany
2007:Category:Scottish botanists
1990:
1743:National Trust for Scotland
1280:and the rarer stunted form
1154:
1025:The Meikleour Beech hedge (
509:Flowering plants and shrubs
298:
10:
6219:
5437:Inventions and discoveries
5140:Supreme Courts of Scotland
3611:Vandaveer, Chelsie (2003)
3404:NTS. Retrieved 7 May 2008.
2986:"How old is that old yew?"
2868:Heritage Trees of Scotland
2546:. Shetland Times. Lerwick.
2498:Webster (1978) pp. 435–41.
2272:"North Highland Peatlands"
2249:. Oxford University Press.
2034:, many of which use plants
1979:) may have been used as a
1809:Plants feature heavily in
1709:Forestry and Land Scotland
1674:
1603:
1533:There are numerous common
1307:Scotland's populations of
6130:
6092:
5834:
5765:
5712:Scottish Episcopal Church
5660:
5608:
5570:
5561:
5394:Curriculum for Excellence
5358:
5354:
5345:
5233:
5224:
5115:
4964:
4955:
4946:
4827:
4818:
4690:
4679:
4598:
4577:
4550:
4512:
4467:
4460:
4424:
4352:
4210:
4156:Syringammina fragilissima
4116:
4095:
4075:
4068:
4044:
4009:
3979:
3946:
3939:
3905:
3870:
3832:
3825:
3807:
3802:Endemic biota of Scotland
3618:26 September 2007 at the
3556:Retrieved 3 January 2007.
3457:Ratcliffe (1977) page 42.
3446:"Return of the Hornworts"
3131:Ratcliffe (1977) page 40.
2660:Grant Roger, J. (1952). "
2646:26 September 2017 at the
2594:28 September 2007 at the
1933:, the "Common Bluebell".
1930:Hyacinthoides non-scripta
1915:And The Accordions Played
1909:and in the 21st century,
1792:Flora in Scottish culture
1594:(Phaeoceros carolinianus)
1444:
1339:in the mid 19th century.
1337:Victorian fern collectors
1268:in wooded or open areas.
875:endemic to the island of
713:broad-leaved meadow-grass
454:and 6,600 river systems.
16:Plants native to Scotland
5148:High Court of Justiciary
4149:Lopheliella rockallensis
3491:8 September 2004 at the
3373:in Scotland such as the
3340:4 September 2004 at the
2797:11 February 2012 at the
2557:Rare Plants of Shetland.
2442:"Ceratophyllum demersum"
2389:Ratcliffe (1977) p. 100.
2122:
2063:Ratcliffe, Derek (1977)
1724:Cairngorms National Park
1705:National Nature Reserves
1694:Cairngorms National Park
1677:Conservation in Scotland
1589:are scarce in Scotland,
1529:Liverworts and hornworts
1519:tongue-leaved gland Moss
1514:Cyclodictyon laetevirens
1403:, with pioneers such as
1252:
955:sword-leaved helleborine
943:Intermediate Wintergreen
939:one-flowered wintergreen
869:Taraxacum pankhurstianum
228:plants, more than 1,500
147:National nature reserves
41:Biodiversity of Scotland
5722:Free Church of Scotland
5009:International relations
3700:Smout (2007) pp. 78–80.
3691:Ratcliffe (1977) p. 63.
3678:17 October 2007 at the
3598:2 November 2011 at the
3473:20 October 2007 at the
3275:in North-East Scotland"
3256:30 October 2007 at the
3188:Lusby (2002) pp. 35–37.
3146:8 February 2009 at the
2854:"Meikleour Beech Hedge"
2840:8 February 2012 at the
2627:30 October 2007 at the
2162:1 December 2008 at the
2012:List of Scottish plants
1805:, the Scottish Bluebell
1477:Racomitrium lanuginosum
1414:Tetrodontium brownianum
941:. Plans to protect the
931:creeping lady's tresses
841:. Young's helleborine (
809:hills on the island of
122:Scottish Wildlife Trust
6198:Flora of Great Britain
5877:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5303:Royal Bank of Scotland
4999:Great Seal of Scotland
3656:Retrieved 2 June 2007.
3531:. CNPA. Archived from
3392:Ratcliffe (1977) p.27.
3279:The Journal of Ecology
3114:Androsacetalia alpinae
3068:3 October 2012 at the
2893:The Glasgow Naturalist
2507:Webster (1978) p. 460.
2489:Webster (1978) p. 483.
2465:Journal of Biogeoraphy
1924:Campanula rotundifolia
1806:
1802:Campanula rotundifolia
1696:
1555:Jamesoniella autumnali
1507:, and an abundance of
1461:
1393:Anastrophyllum alpinum
1179:a possible contender.
1168:
1050:Guinness World Records
1038:Meikleour beech hedges
1030:
896:
879:, identified in 2012.
689:Ceratophyllum demersum
377:
358:
326:
315:
26:
5600:British Sign Language
5067:Members of Parliament
4994:Deputy First Minister
4832:Anglo-Scottish border
4800:Industrial Revolution
4394:National scenic areas
4204:Geography of Scotland
4135:Hippasteria phrygiana
4026:Perthshire beard-moss
3861:St. Kilda house mouse
3856:St. Kilda field mouse
3850:Sorex araneus grantii
3300:22 April 2008 at the
3273:Polytrichum Piliferum
3218:23 April 2008 at the
3118:Galeopsietalia ladani
2763:14 April 2015 at the
2641:"New Dandelion Found"
2373:, London, Bloomsbury
2298:Scotland: A New Study
2143:21 March 2008 at the
2053:. Edinburgh. Mercat.
1799:
1765:, and on the isle of
1734:and the sea lochs of
1684:
1546:Marchantia polymorpha
1523:Perthshire beard-moss
1485:Polytrichum piliferum
1452:
1438:Anastrepta orcadensis
1432:Plagiochila atlantica
1342:Cystopteris dickieana
1162:
1024:
1000:Rhododendron ponticum
890:
851:principally found on
671:are also widespread.
364:
332:
321:
306:
163:National Scenic Areas
142:Local nature reserves
24:
5543:World Heritage Sites
4740:Wars of Independence
4565:in the United States
4409:World Heritage Sites
4036:Scottish thread-moss
3665:From the 2007 album
2966:"The Fortingall yew"
2038:Forestry in Scotland
1838:Scottish Rugby Union
1718:The country has two
1643:Alectoria ochroleuca
1615:Cladonia rangiferina
1540:Conocephalum conicum
1489:Scottish thread-moss
1469:glittering wood-moss
1458:Hylocomium splendens
1454:Glittering Wood-moss
1274:Tunbridge filmy-fern
1163:The Fortingall Yew (
1077:cut-leaved whitebeam
963:dark-red helleborine
847:) is a rare endemic
839:Primula scandinavica
788:Cerastium nigrescens
723:) in woodlands, and
681:Eriocaulon aquaticum
593:Irish lady's tresses
543:alpine ladies-mantle
485:) with birch in the
6093:States with limited
5333:International trade
4887:Mountains and hills
4795:Highland Clearances
4770:Glorious Revolution
4735:Davidian Revolution
4683:Outline of Scotland
4609:Scotland portal
4307:Mountains and hills
4087:White script lichen
4031:Scottish beard-moss
4021:Dixon's thread-moss
3971:St. Kilda dandelion
3948:Flowers & ferns
3738:Hyoscyamus niger L.
3652:21 May 2007 at the
3318:31 May 2009 at the
3047:The Daily Telegraph
2971:17 May 2008 at the
2939:6 June 2011 at the
2910:"Catacol whitebeam"
2710:5 July 2012 at the
2662:Diapensia lapponica
2569:"Caithness plants:
2447:8 June 2011 at the
2319:20 May 2007 at the
2278:on 28 November 2005
2201:on 22 December 2006
2067:. Inverness. HIDB.
2002:Gardens in Scotland
1983:as long ago as the
1862:Haakon IV of Norway
1817:, song and poetry.
1775:Northwest Highlands
1713:Scottish Government
1665:Ramalina polymorpha
1647:Rinodian parasitica
1639:Cairngorm Mountains
1635:Halecania rhypodiza
1630:Graphis alboscripta
1497:Scottish beard-moss
1493:Dixon's thread Moss
1359:Non-vascular plants
1171:The Scots pine and
925:. The pinewoods of
902:Diapensia lapponica
844:Epipactis youngiana
709:Smooth Meadow-grass
626:Ligusticum scoticum
617:bird's-foot trefoil
5690:Church of Scotland
5482:Royal National Mòd
5420:Education Scotland
5193:Scots property law
5188:College of Justice
5097:Secretary of State
4919:Biosphere reserves
4790:Lowland Clearances
4775:1707 Acts of Union
4560:In other countries
4414:Conservation areas
4142:Jamesiella scotica
4056:Northern prongwort
3991:Arran service tree
3966:Shetland mouse-ear
3956:Newman's lady-fern
3887:Scottish crossbill
3668:Everything You See
3567:"Vision statement"
3535:on 7 February 2007
3377:. See for example
2825:Smout (2007) p. 2.
2363:Fraser Darling, F.
2351:The Island of Skye
1807:
1779:Grampian Mountains
1697:
1656:Jamesiella scotica
1576:Marsupella arctica
1567:Northern prongwort
1462:
1409:Sir William Hooker
1387:Pleurozia purpurea
1282:Newman's lady-fern
1270:Wilsons filmy-fern
1169:
1117:S. pseudomeinichii
1031:
959:norwegian sandwort
915:Mountain Bearberry
897:
871:) is a species of
865:St Kilda dandelion
784:Shetland mouse-ear
761:common cottongrass
695:Grasses and sedges
527:cross-leaved heath
378:
359:
327:
322:Map of Scotland's
316:
284:Shetland Mouse-ear
27:
6203:Biota of Scotland
6193:Flora of Scotland
6178:
6177:
5794:
5793:
5761:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5749:Ethnic minorities
5707:Roman Catholicism
5656:
5655:
5341:
5340:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5203:Prison population
5183:Sheriff principal
5178:Solicitor General
5173:Procurator fiscal
5082:Political parties
4942:
4941:
4720:Early Middle Ages
4638:
4637:
4573:
4572:
4489:Historic counties
4170:
4169:
4112:
4111:
4064:
4063:
4001:Catacol whitebeam
3961:Scottish primrose
3935:
3934:
3817:Flora of Scotland
3812:Fauna of Scotland
3631:Brice, M. (1999)
2984:Harte, J. (1996)
2954:Press and Journal
2524:. 1 February 2007
2102:978-0-7486-3294-7
2027:Fauna of Scotland
1815:Scottish folklore
1661:Cladonia botrytes
1591:Carolina Hornwort
1505:alpine thyme-moss
1405:Archibald Menzies
1245:Douglas fir near
1239:Sparsholt College
1217:which grows near
1131:Malcolm Canmore's
1113:Catacol whitebeam
1073:Sorbus arranensis
1042:Perth and Kinross
991:Japanese knotweed
815:Scottish primrose
803:Thomas Edmondston
367:Scottish Primrose
288:Scottish Primrose
232:and nearly 1,000
222:flora of Scotland
218:
217:
6210:
6131:Dependencies and
5835:Sovereign states
5828:Flora of Europe
5821:
5814:
5807:
5798:
5797:
5774:
5695:General Assembly
5585:Scottish English
5580:Highland English
5568:
5567:
5457:Oldest buildings
5356:
5355:
5352:
5351:
5298:Renewable energy
5243:Bank of Scotland
5231:
5230:
5144:Court of Session
5125:Advocate General
5055:Military history
5033:Local government
4962:
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4825:
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4745:Late Middle Ages
4730:High Middle Ages
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4477:Local government
4465:
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4452:Renewable energy
4197:
4190:
4183:
4174:
4173:
4124:European wildcat
4073:
4072:
3982:Arran whitebeams
3944:
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3796:
3789:
3782:
3773:
3772:
3755:
3752:"The Rowan Tree"
3749:
3743:
3736:"Black Henbane (
3728:
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3591:Duncan, John A.
3589:
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3578:
3573:on 14 March 2012
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2191:
2182:
2176:
2167:
2154:
2148:
2135:
1977:Hyoscyamus niger
1690:The Angel's Peak
1651:Cladonia trassii
1641:. These include
1473:woolly hair-moss
1292:, once found on
1278:Alpine lady-fern
1121:S. pseudofennica
1085:S. pseudofennica
1081:S. pseudofennica
1057:Arran whitebeams
995:Himalayan balsam
975:yellow oxytropis
967:Iceland purslane
947:tufted saxifrage
893:Linnaea borealis
861:Central Lowlands
859:industry in the
729:early hair-grass
623:. Scots lovage (
621:ribwort plantain
609:meadow buttercup
547:alpine pearlwort
487:Central Lowlands
355:Calluna vulgaris
339:Pinus sylvestris
280:Arran Whitebeams
242:Palearctic realm
210:
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196:
50:
29:
28:
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6112:Northern Cyprus
6094:
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6009:North Macedonia
5830:
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5604:
5590:Scottish Gaelic
5557:
5462:Performing arts
5337:
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5208:Police Scotland
5111:
5092:Scotland Office
4938:
4899:Protected areas
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4399:Nature reserves
4384:Protected areas
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3996:Arran whitebeam
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2941:Wayback Machine
2934:"The Birnam Oak
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2648:Wayback Machine
2639:
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2629:Wayback Machine
2615:
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2596:Wayback Machine
2587:Primula scotica
2583:
2579:
2571:Primula scotica
2567:
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2164:Wayback Machine
2155:
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2145:Wayback Machine
2136:
2129:
2125:
2046:
1993:
1946:Common Hawthorn
1907:I Love A Lassie
1883:Hugh MacDiarmid
1878:A Red, Red Rose
1854:Battle of Largs
1794:
1751:John Muir Trust
1679:
1673:
1606:
1563:William Jameson
1551:Autumn Flapwort
1531:
1501:snow brook-moss
1481:bristly haircap
1447:
1417:is named after
1361:
1347:Kincardineshire
1266:scaly male fern
1255:
1231:Scottish Gaelic
1209:planted beside
1198:root system in
1157:
1069:Arran whitebeam
1027:Fagus sylvatica
1019:
1017:Deciduous trees
983:
981:Invasive plants
971:small cow-wheat
951:alpine catchfly
885:
855:created by the
835:Primula stricta
819:Primula scotica
794:plant found in
781:
779:Endemic species
765:saltmarsh sedge
721:Carex sylvatica
697:
643:
641:Aquatic species
511:
469:in the eastern
410:, oceanic, and
373:) growing near
371:Primula scotica
311:Oak located in
301:
214:
185:
184:
182:Natural history
179:
178:Natural history
171:
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152:Protected areas
136:
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115:Wildlife Trusts
112:
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79:Scottish breeds
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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6084:United Kingdom
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5897:Czech Republic
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5168:Lord President
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4984:First Minister
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4929:Municipalities
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4461:Administrative
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4389:National parks
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4260:Extreme points
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4229:Hadrian's Wall
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3913:
3911:
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3900:
3899:
3897:St. Kilda wren
3894:
3889:
3884:
3882:Fair Isle wren
3878:
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3858:
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3761:External links
3759:
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3428:Field Bryology
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2735:Nazgy, Laszlo
2725:
2716:
2697:
2684:
2675:
2664:in Scotland".
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2168:
2149:
2126:
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2120:
2119:
2105:
2090:
2075:
2065:Highland Flora
2061:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1992:
1989:
1954:Eurasian Aspen
1893:Sorley MacLean
1793:
1790:
1771:Trees for Life
1720:national parks
1672:
1669:
1605:
1602:
1530:
1527:
1446:
1443:
1374:South Carolina
1360:
1357:
1313:oblong woodsia
1309:alpine woodsia
1290:Killarney fern
1254:
1251:
1184:Fortingall Yew
1173:Common Juniper
1156:
1153:
1063:unique to the
1046:European beech
1018:
1015:
982:
979:
884:
881:
780:
777:
696:
693:
685:rigid hornwort
642:
639:
631:Robert Sibbald
555:mountain avens
510:
507:
499:conservational
473:and oak (both
347:Betula pendula
300:
297:
276:Fortingall Yew
248:flora include
216:
215:
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172:
168:
167:
166:
165:
160:
158:National parks
149:
144:
138:
137:
134:
133:
130:
129:
125:
124:
118:
113:
110:
109:
106:
105:
99:
96:
95:
92:
91:
87:
86:
84:Highland fauna
81:
76:
71:
66:
60:
59:
56:
55:
52:
51:
43:
42:
38:
37:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6215:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6188:
6181:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6145:Faroe Islands
6143:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6129:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6117:South Ossetia
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6091:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5969:Liechtenstein
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5829:
5822:
5817:
5815:
5810:
5808:
5803:
5802:
5799:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5778:
5773:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5717:Baptist Union
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5665:
5663:
5659:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5537:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5522:
5518:
5517:national flag
5515:
5514:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5344:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5288:
5287:North Sea oil
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5163:Lord Advocate
5161:
5159:
5156:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5138:
5135:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5114:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5087:Republicanism
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5048:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4817:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4785:Enlightenment
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4689:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4673:
4666:
4661:
4659:
4654:
4652:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4631:
4623:
4621:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4597:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4511:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4459:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4423:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4235:
4234:Antonine Wall
4232:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4198:
4193:
4191:
4186:
4184:
4179:
4178:
4175:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3892:Shetland wren
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3797:
3792:
3790:
3785:
3783:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3753:
3748:
3741:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3697:
3688:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3643:
3636:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3608:
3601:
3597:
3594:
3588:
3572:
3568:
3562:
3555:
3550:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3516:
3510:
3501:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3454:
3447:
3442:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3421:
3419:
3410:
3403:
3398:
3389:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3353:
3351:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3329:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3290:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3266:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3247:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3209:
3207:
3199:
3194:
3185:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3156:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3137:
3128:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3108:
3099:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3059:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3031:
3027:
3022:
3015:
3010:
3003:
2997:
2990:
2987:
2981:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2955:
2949:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2930:
2923:
2918:
2911:
2906:
2898:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2877:0-904853-03-9
2873:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2850:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2831:
2822:
2820:
2812:
2807:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2779:
2773:
2766:
2762:
2759:
2754:
2745:
2738:
2732:
2730:
2720:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2701:
2694:
2688:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2637:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:This British
2613:
2604:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2552:
2545:
2539:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2504:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2386:
2380:
2379:1-870630-98-X
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2352:
2346:
2337:
2328:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2307:
2299:
2293:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2256:
2248:
2241:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2216:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2153:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2118:
2117:0-900015-42-X
2114:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2087:0-11-497326-1
2084:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2073:0-902347-56-X
2070:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2059:1-84183-011-9
2056:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1826:Alexander III
1823:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1678:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1619:Tree Lungwort
1616:
1612:
1611:Reindeer Moss
1601:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1509:icy rock-moss
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:Dunans Castle
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:Norway spruce
1193:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1166:
1165:Taxus baccata
1161:
1152:
1150:
1149:sea buckthorn
1145:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1089:S. arranensis
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1065:Isle of Arran
1062:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1028:
1023:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1002:
1001:
996:
992:
988:
987:Giant Hogweed
978:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
907:Sgurr an Utha
904:
903:
894:
889:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
845:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
741:
736:
735:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
667:
663:
659:
658:Nuphar pumila
655:
651:
650:water lobelia
647:
638:
636:
632:
628:
627:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:marram grass
602:
599:and numerous
598:
597:yellow rattle
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:
478:
477:
476:Quercus robur
472:
468:
464:
460:
459:climax forest
455:
453:
449:
444:
440:
436:
432:
427:
423:
420:
416:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
390:
386:
382:
376:
372:
368:
363:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
331:
325:
320:
314:
310:
305:
296:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
211:
206:
204:
199:
197:
192:
191:
189:
188:
183:
175:
174:
164:
161:
159:
156:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
139:
132:
131:
123:
120:
119:
116:
111:Organisations
108:
107:
102:
94:
93:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
70:
67:
65:
62:
61:
54:
53:
49:
45:
44:
40:
39:
35:
31:
30:
25:Spear Thistle
23:
19:
6180:
6122:Transnistria
5680:Christianity
5670:Baháʼí Faith
5563:Demographics
5507:coat of arms
5477:Prostitution
5410:Universities
5392:
5368:Architecture
5328:Unemployment
5323:Silicon Glen
5283:Oil industry
5268:Harris Tweed
5158:Crown Office
5050:Armed forces
5028:Independence
5016:Human rights
4856:
4847:Conservation
4837:Central Belt
4755:Early modern
4600:
4469:Subdivisions
4373:
4246:Great Trails
4154:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4096:
4076:
4045:
4010:
3980:
3947:
3922:Orkney charr
3906:
3871:
3848:
3833:
3816:
3747:
3737:
3731:
3726:
3718:
3714:
3705:
3696:
3687:
3666:
3661:
3642:
3633:
3627:
3607:
3587:
3575:. Retrieved
3571:the original
3561:
3549:
3537:. Retrieved
3533:the original
3523:
3509:
3500:
3481:
3462:
3453:
3441:
3432:
3426:
3417:
3409:
3397:
3388:
3379:
3366:
3361:
3308:
3289:
3281:
3278:
3272:
3265:
3246:
3193:
3184:
3176:
3173:
3164:
3155:
3141:"Skye Flora"
3136:
3127:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3098:
3089:
3077:
3058:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3021:
3009:
3004:2005: 41–46.
3001:
2996:
2988:
2980:
2961:
2953:
2948:
2929:
2922:"Birnam Oak"
2917:
2905:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2867:
2861:
2849:
2830:
2806:
2790:
2785:
2778:The Scotsman
2777:
2772:
2753:
2744:
2736:
2719:
2705:"Twinflower"
2700:
2693:The Scotsman
2692:
2687:
2678:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2636:
2612:
2603:
2586:
2580:
2570:
2564:
2556:
2551:
2543:
2538:
2526:. Retrieved
2521:
2512:
2503:
2494:
2485:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2437:
2435:Stace, Clive
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2370:
2358:
2350:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2297:
2292:
2280:. Retrieved
2276:the original
2266:
2255:
2246:
2240:
2226:
2215:
2203:. Retrieved
2199:the original
2152:
2108:
2093:
2078:
2064:
2050:
1981:hallucinogen
1976:
1969:Mountain Ash
1966:
1942:Common Alder
1938:Common Hazel
1935:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1903:Harry Lauder
1896:
1886:
1876:
1874:Robert Burns
1871:
1830:silver coins
1819:
1808:
1800:
1783:
1755:conservation
1740:
1717:
1698:
1671:Conservation
1664:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1614:
1607:
1593:
1585:
1574:
1554:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1512:
1484:
1476:
1463:
1457:
1436:
1430:
1419:Robert Brown
1412:
1398:
1391:
1385:
1362:
1350:
1340:
1306:
1285:
1256:
1226:
1223:Blair Castle
1204:
1181:
1170:
1164:
1146:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1109:S. aucuparia
1108:
1096:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1054:
1035:
1032:
1026:
998:
984:
900:
898:
892:
891:Twinflower (
883:Rare species
868:
842:
838:
834:
818:
787:
782:
769:Carex salina
768:
757:slender rush
745:jointed rush
738:
732:
720:
705:West Lothian
698:
688:
680:
669:water-lilies
657:
644:
635:oyster plant
624:
589:rare species
581:sea plantain
575:and include
566:
559:fir clubmoss
551:mossy cyphel
523:bell heather
512:
480:
474:
456:
426:broad-leaved
379:
370:
354:
346:
343:Silver Birch
338:
265:
259:and coastal
221:
219:
97:Conservation
63:
57:Biodiversity
18:
6160:Isle of Man
6095:recognition
6069:Switzerland
6004:Netherlands
5238:Agriculture
5102:Nationalism
5021:LGBT rights
4924:Environment
4805:Romanticism
4760:Reformation
4750:Renaissance
4715:Middle Ages
4710:Roman times
4705:Prehistoric
4590:Land Reform
4513:Settlements
4432:Agriculture
4354:Environment
4251:Coastal Way
4129:Flame shell
3917:Haddy charr
3844:Orkney vole
3826:Vertebrates
3375:Solway Moss
2989:At the Edge
2899:(1): 60–64.
1732:Breadalbane
1571:Beinn Eighe
1352:C. fragilis
1302:gametophyte
1235:Reelig Glen
1227:Dùghall Mòr
1215:Douglas fir
1127:Shakespeare
1097:S. rupicola
1040:located in
857:coal-mining
515:Pleistocene
448:fresh water
443:blanket bog
6187:Categories
6039:San Marino
5999:Montenegro
5979:Luxembourg
5959:Kazakhstan
5862:Azerbaijan
5700:Moderators
5643:Scientists
5529:regimental
5472:Placenames
5467:Philosophy
5442:Literature
5072:Parliament
5004:Government
4974:Devolution
4957:Government
4914:Ecoregions
4904:Waterfalls
4780:Jacobitism
4585:Demography
4535:Twin towns
4339:Waterfalls
4227:Historic:
4047:Liverworts
3721:pp.43–210.
3539:16 January
3529:"The Park"
3416:"European
3365:Note that
2618:red listed
2367:Boyd, J.M.
2044:References
1962:witchcraft
1846:barefooted
1832:issued by
1701:NatureScot
1686:Cairn Toul
1675:See also:
1625:clothing.
1598:Lauderdale
1559:Ben Lomond
1535:liverworts
1327:and north
1321:Perthshire
1262:beech fern
1192:Perthshire
1188:Fortingall
1075:) and the
935:twinflower
927:Strathspey
807:serpentine
773:Loch Duich
734:Phragmites
725:oval sedge
717:wood sedge
633:, and the
577:red fescue
539:cloudberry
531:bog myrtle
503:ecosystems
439:Sutherland
422:Caledonian
415:landscapes
408:freshwater
389:coniferous
335:Scots Pine
324:land cover
253:Caledonian
234:bryophytes
6150:Gibraltar
5974:Lithuania
5685:Christmas
5638:Musicians
5633:Inventors
5572:Languages
5548:Festivals
5388:Education
5313:Transport
5253:Companies
5248:Charities
4979:Elections
4867:Highlands
4820:Geography
4540:by county
4494:Districts
4302:Moorlands
3863:(extinct)
3734:. (1999)
3577:3 January
3418:Herbertus
3030:Callander
2282:2 January
2205:2 January
1985:Neolithic
1834:James III
1587:Hornworts
1427:Edinburgh
1382:Highlands
1365:bryophyte
1243:Hermitage
1211:Loch Fyne
1207:grand fir
1101:Holy Isle
1093:whitebeam
873:dandelion
823:Caithness
753:toad rush
749:soft rush
573:sea spray
563:Hebridean
561:. On the
519:North Sea
482:Q. petrea
471:Highlands
435:Caithness
404:estuarine
392:woodlands
385:deciduous
313:Strathtay
268:Grand Fir
6170:Svalbard
6155:Guernsey
6102:Abkhazia
6054:Slovenia
6049:Slovakia
6024:Portugal
5882:Bulgaria
5781:Category
5729:Hinduism
5675:Buddhism
5662:Religion
5492:Surnames
5432:Identity
5427:Hogmanay
5405:Colleges
5263:Forestry
5198:Udal law
5107:Unionism
5062:Monarchs
4966:Politics
4948:Politics
4882:Lowlands
4700:Timeline
4672:Scotland
4620:Category
4552:Toponymy
4447:Forestry
4437:Crofting
4425:Land use
4344:Wetlands
4211:Physical
4117:See also
3676:Archived
3650:Archived
3616:Archived
3596:Archived
3489:Archived
3471:Archived
3338:Archived
3316:Archived
3298:Archived
3254:Archived
3216:Archived
3144:Archived
3066:Archived
3045:London.
2969:Archived
2937:Archived
2838:Archived
2795:Archived
2761:Archived
2708:Archived
2672:: 34–37.
2644:Archived
2625:Archived
2592:Archived
2522:BBC News
2445:Archived
2317:Archived
2160:Archived
2141:Archived
1991:See also
1958:mnemonic
1919:bluebell
1866:brambles
1860:monarch
1759:Knoydart
1581:Svalbard
1537:such as
1465:Sphagnum
1401:bryology
1155:Conifers
1087:and 283
1010:Red Deer
937:and the
833:species
800:botanist
796:Shetland
790:) is an
673:Pipewort
591:such as
585:sea pink
568:Plantago
431:peatland
396:moorland
381:Scotland
299:Habitats
257:moorland
246:Scottish
226:vascular
34:a series
32:Part of
6079:Ukraine
6029:Romania
5989:Moldova
5947:Ireland
5942:Iceland
5937:Hungary
5927:Germany
5922:Georgia
5912:Finland
5907:Estonia
5902:Denmark
5887:Croatia
5872:Belgium
5867:Belarus
5857:Austria
5852:Armenia
5847:Andorra
5842:Albania
5772:Outline
5744:Sikhism
5739:Judaism
5648:Writers
5628:Artists
5536:unicorn
5497:Symbols
5447:Museums
5400:Schools
5383:Cuisine
5360:Culture
5347:Society
5308:Tourism
5273:Housing
5258:Fishing
5226:Economy
5038:History
4892:Highest
4872:Islands
4862:Geology
4842:Climate
4725:Kingdom
4692:History
4630:Commons
4525:capital
4504:Regions
4482:history
4442:Fishing
4379:Climate
4334:Springs
4312:highest
4297:Meadows
4287:Islands
4270:Geology
4265:Forests
4162:Vendace
4078:Lichens
3835:Mammals
3711:Balfarg
3435:: 3–14.
2991:4: 1–9.
2463:JSTOR.
2369:(1969)
1973:Henbane
1898:Hallaig
1822:thistle
1604:Lichens
1300:in its
1258:Bracken
1247:Dunkeld
1135:MacBeth
1061:species
1005:psyllid
792:endemic
646:Bogbean
613:ragwort
601:orchids
535:fescues
495:machair
491:Borders
400:montane
375:Durness
351:Heather
292:endemic
261:machair
230:lichens
6165:Jersey
6107:Kosovo
6074:Turkey
6064:Sweden
6044:Serbia
6034:Russia
6019:Poland
6014:Norway
5994:Monaco
5964:Latvia
5932:Greece
5917:France
5892:Cyprus
5786:Portal
5623:Actors
5610:People
5553:Comedy
5524:tartan
5502:anthem
5318:Whisky
5130:Courts
5043:Cities
4810:Modern
4578:Social
4520:Cities
4404:Ramsar
4367:Breeds
4329:Rivers
4322:rescue
4317:ranges
4280:faults
4223:Border
4069:Mycota
4012:Mosses
3671:. See
2874:
2737:et al.
2528:4 June
2377:
2365:, and
2115:
2100:
2085:
2071:
2057:
1911:Runrig
1858:Viking
1842:legend
1811:Gaelic
1763:Assynt
1736:Argyll
1623:dyeing
1479:) and
1445:Mosses
1423:Roslin
1333:Moffat
1325:Argyll
1304:form.
1200:Sweden
1139:Birnam
1067:. The
923:Orkney
911:Argyll
849:orchid
831:Arctic
827:Orkney
813:. The
740:Juncus
662:yellow
419:boreal
412:tundra
394:, and
349:) and
309:Birnam
272:Argyll
250:boreal
36:on the
6140:Åland
6059:Spain
5984:Malta
5954:Italy
5734:Islam
5595:Scots
5512:flags
5487:Sport
5452:Music
5378:Clans
5278:Media
4934:Munro
4909:Glens
4877:Lochs
4857:Flora
4852:Fauna
4530:Towns
4374:Flora
4362:Fauna
4292:Lakes
4241:Paths
4098:Fungi
3940:Flora
3927:Powan
3873:Birds
3732:et al
3423:(PDF)
2438:et al
2123:Notes
1840:. As
1425:near
1378:Assam
1370:Earth
1329:Wales
1317:Angus
1294:Arran
1253:Ferns
1105:rowan
877:Hirta
853:bings
666:white
654:least
463:Birch
452:lochs
135:Areas
74:Birds
69:Fauna
64:Flora
5614:list
5134:List
4499:list
4218:Bays
3908:Fish
3579:2007
3541:2007
3367:Moss
3116:and
2872:ISBN
2530:2008
2375:ISBN
2284:2007
2207:2007
2113:ISBN
2098:ISBN
2083:ISBN
2069:ISBN
2055:ISBN
1950:Gean
1948:and
1850:pain
1820:The
1813:and
1784:The
1777:and
1767:Skye
1688:and
1663:and
1649:and
1633:and
1543:and
1503:and
1495:and
1435:and
1407:and
1390:and
1311:and
1298:Skye
1182:The
1059:are
1055:The
1036:The
997:and
973:and
921:and
919:Skye
913:and
837:and
825:and
811:Unst
751:and
727:and
711:and
701:dune
677:Skye
664:and
648:and
619:and
607:and
583:and
557:and
541:and
533:and
489:and
479:and
437:and
424:and
387:and
307:The
290:are
286:and
238:fern
220:The
5373:Art
5117:Law
3719:123
3433:106
3371:bog
1913:'s
1905:'s
1895:'s
1885:'s
1376:or
1190:in
1177:Yew
1142:oak
691:).
660:),
467:oak
341:),
270:in
6189::
5150:,
5146:,
3717:.
3431:.
3425:.
3349:^
3327:^
3282:75
3277:.
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3177:57
3172:.
3120:)"
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2895:.
2818:^
2728:^
2670:36
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2520:.
2469:13
2467:.
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2305:^
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2171:^
2130:^
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989:,
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909:,
775:.
759:.
747:,
707:.
615:,
611:,
595:,
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525:,
505:.
461:.
433:.
406:,
402:,
398:,
365:A
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