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Flags of the Mughal Empire

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showing Moghul Soldier & Civilian Costume. Notice the flag in the bottom of the pictures with the standing lion and the sun in a red interior color, this is a scene from the Siege of Kandahar of 1631 during Shah-Jahan's time. Notice the flag in the upper part of the picture with green interior
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depicting the surrender of the Safavid Persian garrison of Kandahar in 1638 to the Mughal army of Shah Jahan commanded by Kilij Khan. Notice the white flag with the rising Sun. Perhaps a flag signalling peace. As Safavid forces give the city without
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with green borders with a passant lion and rising sun behind it. Another painting in the same manuscript depicted the Mughal standards having green fields with a couchant lion and rising sun behind it.
468: 280: 218:(1655) that the royal standard, made of silk, with a crouching lion shadowing part of the body of the sun inscribed on it, was carried on an elephant whenever the emperor travelled. 323: 342: 598: 181:. The imperial standard was displayed to the right of the throne and also at the entrance of the Emperor's encampment and in front of the emperor during military marches. 685:, flag no. 214 is that of the Great Mogul (featuring a Crescent and possibly a sun); flag no. 215 is also that of the Great Mogul (posaibly featuring the Nad-e-Ali). 387: 256: 742: 1351: 202:(a collection of flags and other insignia) wrapped up in scarlet cloth bags. They were unfurled on the days of festivity, and in battle. 89: 42: 417: 949: 402: 61: 743:"Zoomify image: A panorama in 12 folds showing the procession of the Emperor Bahadur Shah to celebrate the feast of the 'Id. f. 59v-A" 632: 1336: 701:
in the year 1797 under a canopy inside the Bara Imambara; (note:Flag (green) of the Mughal Empire raised higher than the Awadh flag)
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The embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to the court of the Great Mogul, 1615–1619, as narrated in his journal and correspondence
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had a number of imperial flags and standards. The principal imperial standard of the Mughals was known as the
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The flags depicted in the background, Emperor Aurangzeb leading his troops on his final expedition (1705)
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An elephant with a mahout and a standard-bearer carrying a green standard with a gold sun. One of a set.
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is visible in the centre. The standard comprises the lion and sun symbol and is red with a green border.
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leads his final expedition (1705), leading an army of 500,000 troops (note flags in the background).
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Flag in front of Emperor Shah Jahan leading his troops in the Siege of Kandahar (1631).
876:. Philadelphia: Department of History at the University of Pennsylvania. Plate No.: 34 846:. Philadelphia: Department of History at the University of Pennsylvania. Plate No.: 18 2007: 1828: 1823: 1803: 1770: 1648: 1576: 1515: 1469: 1464: 1434: 1389: 906: 501: 460: 1808: 1798: 1633: 1545: 1520: 1490: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1384: 1174: 963: 121: 1997: 1921: 1906: 1896: 1859: 1793: 1755: 1638: 1613: 1374: 1246: 1231: 1137: 1076: 1013: 999: 521: 507: 478: 298:
The first flag depicted on a painting of Emperor Bahadur Shah II's Id procession.
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The standard depicted in various paintings. Some examples are shown below:
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Aurangzeb commanding his army (note triangular green flags)
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Flags of the subjects and vassals of the Mughal Empire
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Flag carried by Alivardi Khan, Mughal vassal of Bengal
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A catalog containing "two rectangular flags" of the
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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 931:Mughal Art and Imperial Ideology: Collected Essays 2025: 858: 894: 865:'Kashmiri Painter' (attribution) (1646–1656). 985: 791:, Vol. I, Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, p.52 235:depicted the Mughal standards as the scarlet 168: 163: 147: 142: 956:An engraving of the Mughal imperial standard 221:A painting by Payag in a manuscript of the 992: 978: 149: 16:Banners and standards of the Mughal empire 804:, London: Oxford University Press, p. 306 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 1185: 528: 303: 120: 903:Environmental Issues in India: A Reader 828: 765: 763: 2026: 653:'s forces carry the green flag of the 248: 973: 933:, New Delhi: Oxford University Press. 834: 813: 789:The Ain-I Akbari by Abu'l-Fazl Allami 769: 760: 586:Imperial Standard of the Great Mogul 47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 874:King of the World – The Padshahnama 844:King of the World – The Padshahnama 604:A mid-17th century painting of the 317:Flag during the reign of Shah Jahan 169: 13: 962:London: Haklyut Society, 1899, at 923: 837:"The siege of Qandahar (May 1631)" 14: 2065: 937: 905:. Pearson Education. p. 53. 898:The Great Mughal Go Hunting Lions 802:Early Travels in India, 1583–1619 580:An engraving from Edward Terry's 125:An imperial standard in front of 1000: 943: 690: 674: 662: 643: 631: 616: 597: 573: 554: 535: 514: 500: 486: 467: 453: 439: 416: 401: 386: 371: 356: 341: 322: 310: 291: 279: 267: 255: 23: 1297:Suppression of Tilpat rebellion 210:, who came during the reign of 34:needs additional citations for 1834:List of tombs of Mughal Empire 1292:Mughal–Safavid war (1649–1653) 1287:Mughal–Safavid war (1622–1623) 888: 807: 794: 778: 735: 427:in the first year of his reign 1: 901:. in Mahesh Rangarajan (ed.) 820:. London: J. Wilkie. p.  800:Foster, William (ed.) (1921) 728: 233:Royal Library, Windsor Castle 787:(tr.) (1927, reprint 1993). 561:A Mughal miniature from the 542:Illustrations from the 1636 198:were carried along with the 58:"Flags of the Mughal Empire" 7: 1342:Mughal–Portuguese conflicts 958:from Foster, William (ed.) 706: 231:'s reign, preserved in the 164: 143: 10: 2070: 1741:Alamgir Mosque, Aurangabad 608:between the three sons of 477:(under mughals 1576–1717) 1950: 1884: 1842: 1779: 1761:Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta 1731: 1690: 1681: 1554: 1483: 1350: 1264: 1130: 1012: 950:Flag of the Mughal Empire 545:Padshahnama of Shah Jahan 481:(independently 1717–1757) 148: 2049:Flags displaying animals 1332:Indian Rebellion of 1857 1277:Mughal conquest of Malwa 334: 243: 2039:Obsolete national flags 1307:Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war 895:Divyabhanusinh (2007). 814:Terry, Edward (1777) . 817:A Voyage to East-India 582:A Voyage to East-India 130: 1819:Tomb of Salim Chishti 1302:Ahom–Mughal conflicts 1052:Aurangzeb (Alamgir I) 529:Historical depictions 494:Nawab of Banganapalle 304:Flag under Shah Jahan 124: 1781:Tombs and mausoleums 952:at Wikimedia Commons 867:"A royal procession" 770:Singh, K.V. (1991). 723:List of Indian flags 216:Voyage to East-India 154:). It was primarily 43:improve this article 2054:Flags of Bangladesh 1746:Jama Masjid (Delhi) 1312:Mughal–Maratha wars 929:Koch, Ebba (2001). 549:and yellow linings. 249:Moss green with sun 214:, described in his 1998:Nizam of Hyderabad 1272:Mughal-Rajput wars 1092:Ahmad Shah Bahadur 1057:Muhammad Azam Shah 606:Battle of Samugarh 447:Nizam of Hyderabad 425:Bahadur Shah Zafar 206:, chaplain to Sir 131: 2021: 2020: 2008:Kingdom of Mysore 1942:Foreign relations 1880: 1879: 1829:Tomb of Nur Jahan 1824:Tomb of Aurangzeb 1771:Wazir Khan Mosque 1691:Forts and palaces 1677: 1676: 1649:Guru Gobind Singh 1577:Bayazid of Sylhet 1260: 1259: 1160:Foreign relations 948:Media related to 912:978-81-317-0810-1 772:Our National Flag 461:Nawab of Carnatic 227:, a chronicle on 184:According to the 158:. It displayed a 119: 118: 111: 93: 2061: 1988:Nawabs of Bengal 1951:Successor states 1855:Shalimar Gardens 1799:Gardens of Babur 1688: 1687: 1634:Lachit Borphukan 1348: 1347: 1337:Mughal–Sikh wars 1282:Gujarat conquest 1183: 1182: 1175:Mughal artillery 1004: 994: 987: 980: 971: 970: 964:Internet Archive 947: 917: 916: 892: 886: 885: 883: 881: 871: 862: 856: 855: 853: 851: 841: 832: 826: 825: 811: 805: 798: 792: 782: 776: 775: 767: 758: 757: 755: 754: 745:. 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Shah Jahan
Mughal Empire
moss green
lion and sun
Timur
Ain-i-Akbari
Akbar
Edward Terry
Thomas Roe
Jahangir
Padshahnama
Shah Jahan
Royal Library, Windsor Castle
pennons
The standard depicted in various paintings. Some examples are shown below:
The flags depicted in the background, Emperor Aurangzeb leading his troops on his final expedition (1705)
Flag carried by Alivardi Khan, Mughal vassal of Bengal
The first flag depicted on a painting of Emperor Bahadur Shah II's Id procession.

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