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536:. The land system consisted of lines of fixed stations (substantial buildings) with two large, moveable arms pivoted on an upright member. Such a system was inconvenient to install on board a ship. Flag semaphore provided an easy method of communicating ship-to-ship or ship-to-shore when the distances were not too great. According to Alexander J. Field of Santa Clara University, "there is evidence" that Popham based his telegraph on the French coastal stations used for ship-to-shore communication. Many of the
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flag, which moves as a pen would, but in mirror image so that the observer sees the pattern normally. As in telegraphy, the katakana syllabary is the one used to write down the messages as they are received. Also, the
Japanese system presents the number 0 by moving flags in a circle, and those from 1 through 9 using a sort of the "rotary dial" system, but different from that used for European languages.
588:, most characters take two displays of the flags to complete; others need three and a few only one. The flags are specified as a solid white rectangle for the left hand and a solid red one for the right. The display motions chosen are not like the "rotary dial" system used for the Latin alphabet letters and numbers; rather, the displays represent the angles of the brush strokes used in writing in the
565:
505:
515:
The sender uses the "Attention" signal to request permission to begin a transmission. The receiver uses a "Ready to receive" signal not shown above to grant permission to begin the transmission. The receiver raises both flags vertical overhead and then drops them to the rest position, once only, to
592:
syllabary and in the order drawn. For example, the character for "O" , which is drawn first with a horizontal line from left to right, then a vertical one from top to bottom, and finally a slant between the two; follows that form and order of the arm extensions. It is the right arm, holding the red
78:
system conveying information at a distance by means of visual signals with hand-held flags, rods, disks, paddles, or occasionally bare or gloved hands. Information is encoded by the position of the flags; it is read when the flag is in a fixed position. Semaphores were adopted and widely used (with
102:
The current flag semaphore system uses two short poles with square flags, which a signal person holds in different positions to signal letters of the alphabet and numbers. The signaller holds one pole in each hand, and extends each arm in one of eight possible directions. Except for in the rest
1552:
from
Twickenham, London, using the semaphore for N and D. Holtom designed the logo for use on a protest march on the Atomic Weapons Establishment at Aldermaston, near Newbury, England. On 4 April 1958, the march left Trafalgar Square for rural Berkshire, carrying Ban the Bomb placards made by
567:
571:
570:
566:
572:
1564:, flag semaphore is currently used by the US Navy and also continues to be a subject of study and training for young people of Scouts. In a satirical nod to the flag semaphore's enduring use into the age of the Internet, on April Fools' Day 2007 the
1657:
has the characters using flag semaphore to exchange messages, both live and as concealed messages in drawings (many of which are included in the books as illustrations) with the complete semaphore alphabet included as an illustration in both
569:
1600:
was originally to have portrayed the four band members spelling "help" in semaphore, but the result was deemed aesthetically unpleasing, and their arms were instead positioned in a meaningless but aesthetically pleasing arrangement.
1931:
He considered using a
Christian cross motif but, instead, settled on using letters from the semaphore – or flag-signalling – alphabet, super-imposing N (uclear) on D (isarmament) and placing them within a circle symbolising
1553:
Holtom's children making it the first use of the symbol. Originally, it was purple and white and signified a combination of the semaphoric letters N and D, standing for "nuclear disarmament", circumscribed by a
516:
grant permission to send. The sender ends the transmission with the "Ready to receive" signal. The receiver can reply with the "Attention" signal. At this point, sender and receiver change places.
544:, also descended from the French optical telegraph. Although based on the optical telegraph, by the time flag semaphore was introduced the optical telegraph had been entirely replaced by the
568:
1528:
Semaphore flags are also sometimes used as means of communication in the mountains where oral or electronic communication is difficult to perform. Although they do not carry flags, the
103:
position, the flags do not overlap. The flags are colored differently based on whether the signals are sent by sea or by land. At sea, the flags are colored red and yellow (the
28:
1627:
1781:
6302:
1839:
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The
Japanese merchant marine and armed services have adapted the flag semaphore system to the Japanese language. Because their writing system involves a
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21:
This article is about the system to transmit information by hand-held devices. For the mechanical system using signalling towers, see
4813:
1973:
1536:
Beach Patrol, use semaphore flags to communicate between lifeguards. The letters of the flag semaphore are also a common artistic
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1995:
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1838:, Information sheet no 104, Library and Information Services, The National Museum: Royal Navy: Portsmouth, accessed and
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at sea and is acceptable for emergency communication in daylight or using lighted wands instead of flags, at night.
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2125:
1545:
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1833:
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177:
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Numbers can be signaled by first signaling "Numerals". Letters can be signaled by first signaling "J".
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6822:
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2457:
120:
The following 30 semaphore characters are presented as they would appear when facing the signalperson:
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6633:
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6378:
6307:
6240:
6067:
4059:
3781:
3334:
2921:
1754:
7031:
6273:
6208:
6161:
6121:
5559:
5545:
4850:
3433:
3236:
2452:
5164:
2580:
6870:
6855:
6699:
6650:
6573:
6473:
6151:
6037:
6032:
5848:
4876:
3833:
3510:
3489:
3369:
3349:
3181:
2852:
2756:
2233:
2191:
2148:
1759:
556:
6792:
6578:
6393:
6338:
6333:
6146:
6111:
4566:
3505:
3495:
3428:
2938:
2371:
1706:
1532:
officers have used hand semaphore in this manner. Some surf-side rescue companies, such as the
239:
84:
37:
1899:
7107:
6694:
6498:
6463:
6383:
6363:
6285:
6173:
6094:
5950:
5855:
5644:
5593:
5053:
4975:
4739:
4678:
4663:
4232:
4111:
3853:
3813:
3545:
3221:
2405:
2393:
2366:
2351:
1767:
1125:
880:
541:
6027:
4658:
3863:
1620:
titled "R+J." In 1968, these works were performed by off-duty U.S. Coast Guard signalers in
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3418:
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2978:
2294:
2102:
1961:
1748:
1701:
1533:
545:
1581:
8:
7112:
6618:
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6317:
6279:
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4437:
4159:
3682:
2388:
1613:
1537:
460:
452:
2704:
7117:
6845:
6802:
6733:
6603:
6533:
6508:
6443:
6290:
6011:
5700:
5677:
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5082:
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2024:
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96:
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3786:
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2341:
2054:
1991:
1642:
1572:, a method of transmitting Internet traffic via a chain of flag semaphore operators.
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525:
22:
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1951:
1617:
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165:
139:
127:
111:). Flags are not required; their purpose is to make the characters more obvious.
3978:
3161:
1964:
1947:
The
Transmission of IP Datagrams over the Semaphore Flag Signaling System (SFSS)
1945:
1859:
1637:
253:
203:
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2152:
1881:
1711:
1659:
1654:
585:
533:
289:
80:
4128:
2013:"Code Poem: From the International Code of Signals for the Use of All Nations"
397:
373:
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48:
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301:
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2535:
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2361:
2319:
2117:
1676:
1663:
1621:
1541:
433:
313:
277:
265:
3590:
1818:"French optical telegraphy, 1795–1855: Hardware, software, administration"
6943:
6593:
6503:
6488:
6448:
6408:
6267:
5964:
5728:
5659:
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4631:
4491:
4252:
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3858:
3627:
3555:
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3241:
3151:
3050:
3040:
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2857:
2812:
2797:
2772:
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2309:
1716:
1591:
1587:
467:
2028:
6948:
6655:
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6218:
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3607:
3097:
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2889:
2530:
2012:
1817:
1681:
1561:
1466:
6933:
6398:
6213:
5980:
5932:
5911:
5904:
4683:
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4183:
4018:
3909:
3458:
3186:
3102:
2827:
1956:
581:
537:
508:
Signaller conveys the message " FLAG SEMAPHORES" with semaphore flags
83:) in the maritime world in the 19th century. It is still used during
75:
69:
57:
4626:
1943:
1548:
in 1958 from the original logo created by a commercial artist named
6928:
6918:
6835:
6660:
6483:
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4047:
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3453:
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3274:
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2550:
2331:
2324:
2175:
2107:
589:
4668:
504:
6923:
6908:
6126:
4755:
4262:
4133:
4023:
3998:
3884:
3721:
3575:
3550:
3319:
3226:
2874:
2488:
2299:
2112:
1459:
33:
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3312:
3231:
3176:
2884:
2555:
1944:
J. Hofmueller; A. Bachmann; IO. zmoelnig, eds. (1 April 2007).
1554:
524:
Flag semaphore originated in 1866 as a handheld version of the
1900:"Fifty years on, the CND logo is the ultimate design for life"
36:
crewman signals the letter 'U' using flag semaphore during an
6938:
6875:
6183:
4123:
4118:
3968:
3751:
3652:
3339:
2250:
1596:
63:
51:
6880:
4601:
4496:
1746:
90:
1747:
1523:
576:A Japanese man demonstrating flag semaphore, 2017
79:hand-held flags replacing the mechanical arms of
7074:
1924:
1789:Royal Navy Communications Branch Museum/Library
602:Japanese flag signals with the associated kana
584:of about twice the number of characters in the
107:), while on land, they are white and blue (the
5996:
4740:
2133:
2147:
2103:Visual Signalling in the Royal Canadian Navy
1927:"World's best-known protest symbol turns 50"
1882:"Ocean City Beach Patrol Semaphore Alphabet"
1608:composed poems using flag semaphore and the
7011:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
532:used on land, and its later improvement by
7047:
6003:
5989:
4747:
4733:
2140:
2126:
1824:, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 315–347, April 1994.
2075:"Various Artists: The Language of Things"
1955:
1575:
1850:
1848:
563:
555:
503:
27:
1985:
1628:The second episode in the second series
7075:
6010:
2048:
2010:
1990:. NY: Barnes & Noble. p. 62.
1937:
1897:
16:System to transmit information by hand
5984:
5884:American Printing House for the Blind
5660:International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
5312:Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)
4728:
4518:
4473:
4366:
4045:
3930:
3272:
2486:
2248:
2231:
2121:
1974:April Fools' Day Request for Comments
1856:"The Flag Signalling System in Japan"
1845:
1774:
551:
540:of flag semaphore match those of the
7057:
4367:
1768:participating institution membership
1568:standards organization outlined the
596:
4754:
1692:International maritime signal flags
608:
13:
4474:
1925:Kathryn Westcott (20 March 2008).
91:Contemporary semaphore flag system
14:
7129:
2096:
1582:Peace symbols § Peace symbol
7056:
7046:
7037:
7036:
7025:
6646:Free-space optical communication
1898:Bayley, Stephen (6 April 2008).
1546:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
1501:
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1427:
1416:
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997:
986:
975:
970:
952:
947:
936:
922:
917:
906:
901:
890:
879:
874:
863:
858:
847:
842:
831:
826:
808:
803:
792:
787:
776:
771:
760:
755:
744:
733:
728:
717:
712:
701:
696:
685:
680:
669:
664:
560:The combination used for オ ("O")
542:Foy-Breguet electrical telegraph
487:
475:
459:
444:
432:
420:
408:
396:
384:
372:
360:
348:
336:
324:
312:
300:
288:
276:
264:
252:
238:
226:
214:
202:
190:
176:
164:
150:
138:
126:
4519:
2113:Interactice Semaphore Animation
2067:
2042:
2004:
1979:
1570:Semaphore Flag Signaling System
1566:Internet Engineering Task Force
2213:Languages by writing system /
1918:
1891:
1874:
1858:. 22 July 2011. Archived from
1827:
1810:
1740:
1540:. One enduring example is the
1524:Practical use in communication
1:
5652:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
5608:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
4046:
3931:
3273:
1733:
1687:International Code of Signals
1610:International Code of Signals
1530:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
114:
97:Semaphore line § History
7093:Latin-script representations
7032:Telecommunication portal
6813:Telecommunications equipment
5863:National Braille Association
5842:Braille Institute of America
5560:Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)
2487:
1633:Monty Python's Flying Circus
1271:
1112:
963:
819:
657:
70:
58:
7:
6549:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
5743:Refreshable braille display
5722:Optical braille recognition
5319:Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)
4851:Chinese (mainland Mandarin)
3994:New Epoch Notation Painting
2108:Semaphore translator applet
1988:The Beatles: A Private View
1669:
1651:Swallows and Amazons series
185:Error (if signaled 8 times)
10:
7134:
6253:Telecommunications history
5810:Thakur Vishva Narain Singh
2249:
2053:. Open Book Publications.
1976:.
1579:
94:
64:
52:
20:
7020:
6962:
6899:
6861:Public Switched Telephone
6821:
6785:
6742:
6683:
6673:telecommunication circuit
6634:Fiber-optic communication
6617:
6379:Francis Blake (telephone)
6326:
6174:Optical telecommunication
6018:
5942:
5893:
5833:
5766:
5676:
5622:
5585:
5546:Mainland Chinese Mandarin
5525:
5506:
5487:
5392:
5298:
5259:
5186:
5113:
4812:
4805:
4766:
4724:
4527:
4514:
4482:
4469:
4420:
4379:
4375:
4362:
4338:
4302:
4276:
4225:
4182:
4147:
4067:
4060:Chinese family of scripts
4058:
4054:
4041:
3939:
3926:
3877:
3285:
3281:
3268:
3130:Boyd's syllabic shorthand
3117:
2765:
2508:
2499:
2495:
2482:
2257:
2244:
2240:
2232:
2227:
2215:by first written accounts
2184:
2163:
2159:
1950:. Network Working Group.
1755:Oxford English Dictionary
1612:, including a version of
519:
499:Disregard previous signal
6772:Orbital angular-momentum
6209:Satellite communications
6048:Communications satellite
5533:Chinese semi-syllabaries
4796:Unicode braille patterns
4782:International uniformity
3237:Thomas Natural Shorthand
1986:Freeman, Robert (2003).
7098:Nonverbal communication
6651:Molecular communication
6474:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
6303:Undersea telegraph line
6038:Cable protection system
5870:Blindness organizations
5849:Braille Without Borders
5638:Canadian currency marks
5260:Egyptian lineage family
4443:Southwest Paleohispanic
2049:Weiner, Hannah (1982).
2011:Weiner, Hannah (1969).
1760:Oxford University Press
548:some years previously.
7103:Optical communications
6793:Communication protocol
6579:Charles Sumner Tainter
6394:Walter Houser Brattain
6339:Edwin Howard Armstrong
6147:Information revolution
5187:Russian lineage family
4587:Great Lakes Algonquian
3496:Greco-Iberian alphabet
3429:Gabelsberger shorthand
2372:Inscriptional Parthian
1822:Technology and Culture
1782:"History of Semaphore"
1707:Optical landing system
1646:enacted in semaphore.
1576:Use in popular culture
577:
561:
509:
85:underway replenishment
41:
38:underway replenishment
7088:Encodings of Japanese
6767:Polarization-division
6499:Narinder Singh Kapany
6464:Erna Schneider Hoover
6384:Jagadish Chandra Bose
6364:Alexander Graham Bell
6095:online video platform
5951:Accessible publishing
5877:Schools for the blind
5856:Japan Braille Library
5645:Computer Braille Code
5299:Indian lineage family
4679:Old Persian cuneiform
3546:Carolingian minuscule
2352:Ancient North Arabian
575:
559:
507:
159:Acknowledge / Correct
31:
6609:Vladimir K. Zworykin
6569:Almon Brown Strowger
6539:Charles Grafton Page
6194:Prepaid mobile phone
6122:Electrical telegraph
5715:Mountbatten Brailler
5070:(largely reassigned)
4853:(largely reassigned)
4402:Southeastern Iberian
4397:Northeastern Iberian
2295:Egyptian hieroglyphs
1816:Alexander J. Field,
1702:Aircraft marshalling
1534:Ocean City, Maryland
546:electrical telegraph
6559:Johann Philipp Reis
6318:Wireless revolution
6280:The Telephone Cases
6137:Hydraulic telegraph
5667:Nemeth braille code
5453:(reassigned vowels)
4978:(extended to 8-dot)
4552:Canadian Aboriginal
4438:Khitan small script
4160:Khitan large script
3350:Coorgi–Cox alphabet
1758:(Online ed.).
1614:William Shakespeare
1449:
603:
7083:1866 introductions
6757:Frequency-division
6734:Telephone exchange
6604:Charles Wheatstone
6534:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
6509:Innocenzo Manzetti
6444:Reginald Fessenden
6179:Optical telegraphy
6012:Telecommunications
5701:Braille translator
5678:Braille technology
5654:(science; GS8/GS6)
5623:Symbols in braille
5553:Taiwanese Mandarin
5068:Taiwanese Mandarin
4674:Nwagu Aneke script
4226:Other logosyllabic
4148:Chinese-influenced
4087:Oracle bone script
4069:Chinese characters
4004:Ojibwe Hieroglyphs
3394:Eclectic shorthand
3382:Duployan shorthand
3335:Caucasian Albanian
3135:Canadian syllabics
2171:History of writing
1887:. Oceancitymd.gov.
1697:Railway signalling
1604:In the 1960s poet
1448:
601:
578:
562:
552:Japanese semaphore
510:
81:shutter semaphores
74:) '-bearer') is a
42:
7070:
7069:
6808:Store and forward
6803:Data transmission
6717:Network switching
6668:Transmission line
6514:Guglielmo Marconi
6479:Internet pioneers
6344:Mohamed M. Atalla
6313:Whistled language
5978:
5977:
5974:
5973:
5896:tactile alphabets
5824:William Bell Wait
5817:Sabriye Tenberken
5618:
5617:
5483:
5482:
5468:(Japanese vowels)
5266:-mediated scripts
5193:-mediated scripts
4720:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4572:Ditema tsa Dinoko
4510:
4509:
4465:
4464:
4461:
4460:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4178:
4177:
4037:
4036:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3113:
3112:
2478:
2477:
2465:Teeline Shorthand
2223:
2222:
1997:978-1-59226-176-5
1766:(Subscription or
1643:Wuthering Heights
1544:, adopted by the
1520:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1444:
1443:
573:
530:Home Riggs Popham
526:optical telegraph
482:Error / Attention
247:Letters to follow
95:For history, see
23:Optical telegraph
7125:
7060:
7059:
7050:
7049:
7040:
7039:
7030:
7029:
7028:
6901:Notable networks
6891:Wireless network
6831:Cellular network
6823:Types of network
6798:Computer network
6685:Network topology
6599:Thomas A. Watson
6454:Oliver Heaviside
6439:Philo Farnsworth
6414:Daniel Davis Jr.
6389:Charles Bourseul
6349:John Logie Baird
6058:Data compression
6053:Computer network
6005:
5998:
5991:
5982:
5981:
5967:
5960:
5958:Braille literacy
5953:
5935:
5928:
5921:
5914:
5907:
5886:
5879:
5872:
5865:
5858:
5851:
5844:
5826:
5819:
5812:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5777:
5759:
5752:
5750:Slate and stylus
5745:
5738:
5736:Perkins Brailler
5731:
5724:
5717:
5710:
5703:
5696:
5694:Braille embosser
5689:
5669:
5662:
5655:
5647:
5640:
5633:
5611:
5603:
5596:
5578:
5571:
5562:
5555:
5548:
5541:
5534:
5518:
5515:American Braille
5499:
5496:Algerian Braille
5476:
5469:
5461:
5454:
5446:
5439:
5432:
5425:
5417:
5410:
5403:
5385:
5377:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5291:
5283:
5276:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5138:
5131:
5124:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5085:
5078:
5071:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5007:
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4880:
4868:
4861:
4854:
4846:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4810:
4809:
4798:
4791:
4784:
4777:
4760:
4749:
4742:
4735:
4726:
4725:
4516:
4515:
4471:
4470:
4377:
4376:
4369:Semi-syllabaries
4364:
4363:
4065:
4064:
4056:
4055:
4043:
4042:
3928:
3927:
3283:
3282:
3270:
3269:
3172:Japanese Braille
2757:Zanabazar square
2626:Nepalese scripts
2516:Bengali–Assamese
2506:
2505:
2497:
2496:
2484:
2483:
2401:Pitman shorthand
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2229:
2228:
2161:
2160:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2119:
2118:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1983:
1977:
1968:
1959:
1957:10.17487/RFC4824
1941:
1935:
1934:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1852:
1843:
1842:26 October 2019.
1831:
1825:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1791:. Archived from
1786:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1763:
1751:
1744:
1618:Romeo and Juliet
1505:
1494:
1483:
1478:
1450:
1447:
1436:
1431:
1420:
1415:
1404:
1399:
1388:
1383:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1351:
1340:
1335:
1324:
1319:
1308:
1303:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1243:
1229:
1224:
1213:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1181:
1176:
1165:
1160:
1149:
1144:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1102:
1097:
1086:
1081:
1070:
1065:
1054:
1043:
1038:
1027:
1022:
1011:
1006:
1001:
990:
979:
974:
956:
951:
940:
926:
921:
910:
905:
894:
883:
878:
867:
862:
851:
846:
835:
830:
812:
807:
796:
791:
780:
775:
764:
759:
748:
737:
732:
721:
716:
705:
700:
689:
684:
673:
668:
604:
600:
597:
574:
491:
479:
463:
448:
436:
424:
412:
400:
388:
376:
364:
352:
340:
328:
316:
304:
292:
280:
268:
256:
242:
230:
218:
206:
194:
180:
168:
154:
142:
130:
73:
67:
66:
61:
55:
54:
7133:
7132:
7128:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7123:
7122:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7066:
7026:
7024:
7016:
6958:
6895:
6817:
6781:
6738:
6687:
6679:
6620:
6613:
6519:Robert Metcalfe
6374:Tim Berners-Lee
6322:
6142:Information Age
6014:
6009:
5979:
5970:
5963:
5956:
5949:
5938:
5931:
5924:
5917:
5910:
5903:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5829:
5822:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5794:
5787:
5782:Charles Barbier
5780:
5773:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5741:
5734:
5727:
5720:
5713:
5706:
5699:
5692:
5685:
5672:
5665:
5658:
5650:
5643:
5636:
5629:
5614:
5606:
5599:
5592:
5581:
5574:
5567:
5558:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5532:
5521:
5513:
5507:Frequency-based
5502:
5494:
5479:
5472:
5464:
5457:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5420:
5413:
5406:
5399:
5388:
5380:
5373:
5366:
5359:
5352:
5345:
5338:
5331:
5324:
5317:
5310:
5303:Bharati Braille
5300:
5294:
5286:
5279:
5272:
5261:
5255:
5248:
5241:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5188:
5182:
5175:
5170:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5120:
5109:
5102:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5074:
5066:
5059:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4932:
4925:
4918:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4883:
4877:Unified English
4871:
4864:
4857:
4849:
4842:
4835:
4828:
4821:
4806:Braille scripts
4801:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4773:
4762:
4758:
4753:
4708:
4523:
4506:
4502:Stokoe notation
4478:
4457:
4416:
4371:
4350:
4334:
4298:
4277:Logoconsonantal
4272:
4221:
4174:
4143:
4050:
4033:
4014:Siglas poveiras
3935:
3914:
3873:
3777:Younger Futhark
3481:Gregg shorthand
3277:
3256:
3109:
2761:
2491:
2474:
2253:
2236:
2219:
2192:Writing systems
2180:
2155:
2153:writing systems
2146:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2079:Public Art Fund
2073:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2009:
2005:
1998:
1984:
1980:
1942:
1938:
1923:
1919:
1909:
1907:
1896:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1865:
1863:
1862:on 22 July 2011
1854:
1853:
1846:
1832:
1828:
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1765:
1749:"semaphore, n."
1745:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1722:Substitute flag
1672:
1584:
1578:
1526:
1521:
1506:
1495:
1484:
1437:
1421:
1405:
1389:
1373:
1352:
1341:
1325:
1309:
1293:
1265:
1244:
1230:
1214:
1203:
1182:
1166:
1150:
1134:
1103:
1087:
1071:
1055:
1044:
1028:
1012:
991:
980:
957:
941:
927:
911:
895:
884:
868:
852:
836:
813:
797:
781:
765:
749:
738:
722:
706:
690:
674:
564:
554:
522:
500:
498:
492:
483:
480:
471:
464:
455:
449:
440:
437:
428:
425:
416:
413:
404:
401:
392:
389:
380:
377:
368:
365:
356:
353:
344:
341:
332:
329:
320:
317:
308:
305:
296:
293:
284:
281:
272:
269:
260:
257:
248:
246:
243:
234:
231:
222:
219:
210:
207:
198:
195:
186:
184:
181:
172:
169:
160:
158:
155:
146:
143:
134:
131:
117:
100:
93:
40:exercise (2005)
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7131:
7121:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7064:
7054:
7044:
7034:
7021:
7018:
7017:
7015:
7014:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6986:
6985:
6980:
6972:
6966:
6964:
6960:
6959:
6957:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6905:
6903:
6897:
6896:
6894:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6827:
6825:
6819:
6818:
6816:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6789:
6787:
6783:
6782:
6780:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6752:Space-division
6748:
6746:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6736:
6731:
6730:
6729:
6724:
6714:
6713:
6712:
6702:
6697:
6691:
6689:
6681:
6680:
6678:
6677:
6676:
6675:
6665:
6664:
6663:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6642:
6641:
6631:
6625:
6623:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6589:Camille Tissot
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6564:Claude Shannon
6561:
6556:
6554:Tivadar Puskás
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6524:Antonio Meucci
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6494:Charles K. Kao
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6469:Harold Hopkins
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6369:Emile Berliner
6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6308:Videotelephony
6305:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6293:
6283:
6276:
6271:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6211:
6206:
6204:Radiotelephone
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6170:
6169:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6108:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6090:Internet video
6082:
6081:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6024:
6022:
6016:
6015:
6008:
6007:
6000:
5993:
5985:
5976:
5975:
5972:
5971:
5969:
5968:
5961:
5954:
5946:
5944:
5943:Related topics
5940:
5939:
5937:
5936:
5929:
5922:
5919:New York Point
5915:
5908:
5900:
5898:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5852:
5845:
5837:
5835:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5827:
5820:
5813:
5806:
5803:Harris Mowbray
5799:
5792:
5785:
5778:
5770:
5768:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5711:
5704:
5697:
5690:
5687:Braille e-book
5682:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5663:
5656:
5648:
5641:
5634:
5626:
5624:
5620:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5613:
5612:
5604:
5597:
5589:
5587:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5572:
5565:
5564:
5563:
5556:
5549:
5542:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5510:
5508:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5500:
5491:
5489:
5485:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5477:
5470:
5462:
5455:
5447:
5440:
5433:
5426:
5418:
5411:
5404:
5396:
5394:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5386:
5378:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5307:
5305:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5284:
5277:
5269:
5267:
5257:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5246:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5211:
5204:
5196:
5194:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5139:
5132:
5125:
5117:
5115:
5108:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4980:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4951:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4923:
4916:
4909:
4902:
4895:
4888:
4881:
4869:
4862:
4855:
4847:
4840:
4833:
4826:
4818:
4816:
4814:French-ordered
4807:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4799:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4763:
4752:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4729:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4654:Linear Elamite
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4476:Sign languages
4467:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4453:Quốc Âm Tân Tự
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4428:Espanca script
4424:
4422:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4387:Linear Elamite
4383:
4381:
4373:
4372:
4360:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4268:Yi (Classical)
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4229:
4227:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4188:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4094:
4092:Bronze scripts
4089:
4084:
4079:
4073:
4071:
4062:
4052:
4051:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3905:Flag semaphore
3902:
3900:New York Point
3897:
3895:Telegraph code
3892:
3890:Maritime flags
3887:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3844:Visible Speech
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3814:Sorang Sompeng
3811:
3806:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3698:Galik alphabet
3695:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3596:Tironian notes
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3441:
3439:Garay alphabet
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3279:
3278:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3222:Sorang Sompeng
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3145:Déné syllabics
3142:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2503:
2493:
2492:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2406:Proto-Sinaitic
2403:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2386:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2267:
2266:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2145:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2097:External links
2095:
2092:
2091:
2066:
2059:
2041:
2003:
1996:
1978:
1970:Informational.
1936:
1917:
1890:
1873:
1844:
1835:Signals at Sea
1826:
1809:
1798:on 11 May 2021
1773:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1712:Semaphore line
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1660:Winter Holiday
1655:Arthur Ransome
1577:
1574:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1499:
1488:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1425:
1409:
1393:
1377:
1356:
1345:
1329:
1313:
1297:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1248:
1237:
1234:
1218:
1207:
1186:
1170:
1154:
1138:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1091:
1075:
1059:
1048:
1032:
1016:
995:
984:
968:
962:
961:
945:
934:
931:
915:
899:
888:
872:
856:
840:
824:
818:
817:
801:
785:
769:
753:
742:
726:
710:
694:
678:
662:
656:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
607:
595:
586:Latin alphabet
553:
550:
534:Charles Pasley
521:
518:
502:
501:
493:
486:
484:
481:
474:
472:
465:
458:
456:
450:
443:
441:
438:
431:
429:
426:
419:
417:
414:
407:
405:
402:
395:
393:
390:
383:
381:
378:
371:
369:
366:
359:
357:
354:
347:
345:
342:
335:
333:
330:
323:
321:
318:
311:
309:
306:
299:
297:
294:
287:
285:
282:
275:
273:
270:
263:
261:
258:
251:
249:
244:
237:
235:
232:
225:
223:
220:
213:
211:
208:
201:
199:
196:
189:
187:
182:
175:
173:
170:
163:
161:
156:
149:
147:
144:
137:
135:
132:
125:
116:
113:
92:
89:
62:) 'sign' and -
45:Flag semaphore
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7130:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7080:
7078:
7063:
7055:
7053:
7045:
7043:
7035:
7033:
7023:
7022:
7019:
7012:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6967:
6965:
6961:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6902:
6898:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6820:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6790:
6788:
6784:
6778:
6777:Code-division
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6762:Time-division
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6749:
6747:
6745:
6741:
6735:
6732:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6719:
6718:
6715:
6711:
6708:
6707:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6692:
6690:
6688:and switching
6686:
6682:
6674:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6666:
6662:
6659:
6658:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6640:
6639:optical fiber
6637:
6636:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6629:Coaxial cable
6627:
6626:
6624:
6622:
6616:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6544:Radia Perlman
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6434:Lee de Forest
6432:
6430:
6429:Thomas Edison
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6419:Donald Davies
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6404:Claude Chappe
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6281:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6248:Smoke signals
6246:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6226:Semiconductor
6224:
6220:
6217:
6216:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6085:Digital media
6083:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6006:
6001:
5999:
5994:
5992:
5987:
5986:
5983:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5955:
5952:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5941:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5926:Night writing
5923:
5920:
5916:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5892:
5885:
5881:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5853:
5850:
5846:
5843:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5834:Organisations
5832:
5825:
5821:
5818:
5814:
5811:
5807:
5804:
5800:
5797:
5796:Valentin Haüy
5793:
5790:
5786:
5783:
5779:
5776:
5775:Louis Braille
5772:
5771:
5769:
5765:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5747:
5744:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5708:Braille watch
5705:
5702:
5698:
5695:
5691:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5639:
5635:
5632:
5631:Braille music
5628:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5609:
5605:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5594:Luxembourgish
5591:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5577:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5561:
5557:
5554:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5540:
5536:
5535:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5516:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5497:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5486:
5475:
5471:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5445:
5441:
5438:
5434:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5416:
5412:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5393:Other scripts
5391:
5383:
5379:
5376:
5372:
5369:
5365:
5362:
5358:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5344:
5341:
5337:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5323:
5320:
5316:
5313:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5304:
5297:
5289:
5285:
5282:
5278:
5275:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5258:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5219:
5216:
5212:
5209:
5205:
5202:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5185:
5174:
5169:
5166:
5165:Northern Sámi
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5114:Nordic family
5112:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5062:
5058:
5055:
5054:South African
5051:
5048:
5044:
5041:
5037:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4976:Luxembourgish
4973:
4970:
4966:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4952:
4949:
4945:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4896:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4845:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4811:
4808:
4804:
4797:
4793:
4790:
4789:ASCII braille
4786:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4765:
4757:
4750:
4745:
4743:
4738:
4736:
4731:
4730:
4727:
4723:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4522:
4517:
4513:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4477:
4472:
4468:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4365:
4361:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Attic (Greek)
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4258:Proto-Elamite
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4044:
4040:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3934:
3929:
3925:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3772:Elder Futhark
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3663:Old Hungarian
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:Masaram Gondi
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3167:Gunjala Gondi
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2979:Old Sundanese
2977:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2922:Old Maldivian
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2905:Bilang-bilang
2903:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:Sylheti Nagri
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2526:Brahmi script
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2421:South Arabian
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2367:Inscriptional
2365:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2226:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2062:
2060:9780940170032
2056:
2052:
2045:
2030:
2026:
2023:(6): 393–95.
2022:
2018:
2014:
2007:
1999:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1883:
1877:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1849:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1794:
1790:
1783:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1743:
1739:
1728:
1727:Traffic guard
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1636:depicted the
1635:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1606:Hannah Weiner
1602:
1599:
1598:
1594:' 1965 album
1593:
1589:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1551:
1550:Gerald Holtom
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1516:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
996:
994:
989:
985:
983:
978:
973:
969:
967:
964:
960:
955:
950:
946:
944:
939:
935:
932:
930:
925:
920:
916:
914:
909:
904:
900:
898:
893:
889:
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82:
77:
72:
60:
50:
49:Ancient Greek
46:
39:
35:
30:
24:
19:
7108:Signal flags
6744:Multiplexing
6619:Transmission
6584:Nikola Tesla
6574:Henry Sutton
6529:Samuel Morse
6459:Robert Hooke
6424:Amos Dolbear
6359:John Bardeen
6278:
6258:Telautograph
6162:Mobile phone
6117:Edholm's law
6100:social media
6033:Broadcasting
5466:Thai and Lao
5143:Scandinavian
4775:1829 braille
4767:Braille cell
4567:Cypro-Minoan
4433:Pahawh Hmong
4346:Sitelen Pona
4310:Hindu-Arabic
3904:
3643:Mundari Bani
3217:Pahawh Hmong
3026:Tamil-Brahmi
2932:Eveyla Akuru
2927:Dhives Akuru
2394:Paleo-Hebrew
2261:
2197:undeciphered
2082:. Retrieved
2078:
2069:
2050:
2044:
2032:. Retrieved
2020:
2016:
2006:
1987:
1981:
1969:
1946:
1939:
1930:
1929:. BBC News.
1920:
1908:. Retrieved
1904:The Guardian
1903:
1893:
1876:
1864:. Retrieved
1860:the original
1834:
1829:
1821:
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1793:the original
1788:
1776:
1753:
1742:
1677:Flag signals
1664:Secret Water
1648:
1641:
1638:Emily Brontë
1631:
1626:
1622:Central Park
1603:
1595:
1585:
1559:
1542:peace symbol
1527:
1514:
1507:
1496:
1485:
1465:
1458:
1453:
1438:
1422:
1406:
1390:
1374:
1353:
1342:
1326:
1310:
1294:
1273:
1266:
1245:
1231:
1215:
1204:
1183:
1167:
1151:
1135:
1114:
1104:
1088:
1072:
1056:
1045:
1029:
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992:
981:
965:
958:
942:
928:
912:
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885:
869:
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837:
821:
814:
798:
782:
766:
750:
739:
723:
707:
691:
675:
659:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
579:
523:
514:
511:
119:
118:
101:
44:
43:
18:
6944:NPL network
6656:Radio waves
6594:Alfred Vail
6504:Hedy Lamarr
6489:Dawon Kahng
6449:Elisha Gray
6409:Yogen Dalal
6334:Nasir Ahmed
6268:Teleprinter
6132:Heliographs
5965:RoboBraille
5789:Róża Czacka
5729:Perforation
5526:Independent
5424:(Bhutanese)
5159:Greenlandic
4830:Azerbaijani
4632:Jindai moji
4521:Syllabaries
4492:SignWriting
4392:Celtiberian
4294:Hieroglyphs
4097:Seal script
4082:Traditional
3954:Blissymbols
3859:Warang Citi
3834:Tolong Siki
3787:Marcomannic
3767:Dalecarlian
3757:Anglo-Saxon
3737:Pau Cin Hau
3628:Medefaidrin
3581:Merovingian
3541:Blackletter
3449:Asomtavruli
3242:Warang Citi
3051:Ulu scripts
2996:New Tai Lue
2939:Mon–Burmese
2793:Bhattiprolu
2621:Nandinagari
2448:ʾEsṭrangēlā
2207:constructed
1972:This is an
1717:Signal lamp
1592:the Beatles
1588:album cover
1560:Along with
1467:Semi-voiced
7113:Scoutcraft
7077:Categories
6990:Antarctica
6949:Toasternet
6871:Television
6354:Paul Baran
6286:Television
6270:(teletype)
6263:Telegraphy
6241:transistor
6219:Phryctoria
6189:Photophone
6167:Smartphone
6157:Mass media
5517:(obsolete)
5498:(obsolete)
5290:(Pakistan)
5201:Belarusian
5083:Vietnamese
5026:Portuguese
5012:Philippine
4969:Lithuanian
4622:Hentaigana
4617:Man'yōgana
4077:Simplified
3964:Ersu Shaba
3878:Non-linear
3683:Old Uyghur
3673:Old Permic
3668:Old Italic
3601:Visigothic
3536:Beneventan
3471:Glagolitic
3434:Gadabuursi
3098:Kolezhuthu
3093:Vatteluttu
3031:Tanchangya
2954:Saurashtra
2531:Devanagari
2389:Phoenician
2342:Manichaean
2051:Code Poems
1866:10 October
1770:required.)
1734:References
1682:Heliograph
1580:See also:
1562:Morse code
538:codepoints
528:system of
466:Numerals (
115:Characters
105:Oscar flag
47:(from the
7118:Semaphore
6974:Americas
6963:Locations
6934:Internet2
6695:Bandwidth
6399:Vint Cerf
6296:streaming
6274:Telephone
6214:Semaphore
6105:streaming
5933:Vibratese
5912:Moon type
5905:Decapoint
5586:Eight-dot
5539:Cantonese
5488:Reordered
5451:Inuktitut
5340:Malayalam
5250:Ukrainian
5229:Mongolian
5208:Bulgarian
5171:Norwegian
5136:Icelandic
4927:Hungarian
4885:Esperanto
4837:Cantonese
4421:Redundant
4233:Anatolian
4184:Cuneiform
4112:bird-worm
4048:Logograms
4019:Testerian
3933:Ideograms
3910:Moon type
3797:Staveless
3688:Mongolian
3633:Molodtsov
3591:Sütterlin
3459:Mkhedruli
3325:Bassa Vah
3275:Alphabets
3247:Mwangwego
3212:Mwangwego
3187:Kharosthi
3140:Blackfoot
3103:Malayanma
2974:Sundanese
2969:Sukhothai
2917:Malayalam
2868:Khom Thai
2828:Goykanadi
2752:Tocharian
2705:ʼPhags-pa
2576:Khudabadi
2521:Bhaiksuki
2416:Samaritan
2347:Nabataean
2202:inventors
2084:2 January
2034:2 January
582:syllabary
109:Papa flag
76:semaphore
7042:Category
6929:Internet
6919:CYCLADES
6836:Ethernet
6786:Concepts
6710:terminal
6661:wireless
6484:Bob Kahn
6327:Pioneers
6152:Internet
6043:Cable TV
5569:Japanese
5430:Georgian
5422:Dzongkha
5408:Armenian
5326:Gujarati
5191:Cyrillic
5122:Estonian
5097:Yugoslav
5033:Romanian
5005:Nigerian
4920:Hawaiian
4906:Ghanaian
4823:Albanian
4684:Sumerian
4649:Linear B
4612:Katakana
4607:Hiragana
4557:Cherokee
4487:ASLwrite
4448:Bopomofo
4303:Numerals
4289:Hieratic
4248:Isthmian
4217:Sumerian
4197:Assyrian
4192:Akkadian
3849:Vithkuqi
3824:Tifinagh
3792:Medieval
3747:Pisidian
3742:Phrygian
3713:Vagindra
3658:Ol Chiki
3566:Interlac
3521:Kayah Li
3511:Jenticha
3466:Veso Bey
3454:Nuskhuri
3444:Georgian
3414:Formosan
3409:Etruscan
3404:Enochian
3360:Cyrillic
3345:Coelbren
3303:Armenian
3202:Meroitic
3192:Mandombe
3182:Jenticha
3046:Tigalari
3011:Tai Viet
3006:Tai Tham
2986:Tagbanwa
2838:Javanese
2788:Baybayin
2778:Balinese
2766:Southern
2661:Pracalit
2656:Pachumol
2631:Bhujimol
2591:Mahajani
2551:Gurmukhi
2541:Gujarati
2509:Northern
2489:Abugidas
2470:Ugaritic
2458:Maḏnḥāyā
2332:Tifinagh
2325:Solitreo
2263:Numerals
2176:Grapheme
2164:Overview
2029:20598863
1906:. London
1840:archived
1670:See also
590:katakana
7062:Commons
7052:Outline
7005:Oceania
6924:FidoNet
6909:ARPANET
6722:circuit
6291:digital
6020:History
5474:Tibetan
5415:Burmese
5401:Amharic
5384:(India)
5361:Sinhala
5354:Punjabi
5333:Kannada
5281:Persian
5236:Russian
5176:Swedish
5154:Finnish
5129:Faroese
5104:Zambian
5076:Turkish
5061:Spanish
4984:Maltese
4962:Latvian
4955:Italian
4934:Iñupiaq
4913:Guarani
4873:English
4844:Catalan
4761:⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑
4756:Braille
4639:Kikakui
4577:Eskayan
4562:Cypriot
4412:Dunging
4284:Demotic
4263:Tenevil
4207:Hittite
4202:Elamite
4155:Jurchen
4134:Sawndip
4129:Chữ Nôm
4029:Zapotec
4024:Yerkish
3999:Nsibidi
3984:Miꞌkmaw
3974:Isotype
3944:Adinkra
3885:Braille
3869:Zaghawa
3839:Vellara
3819:Sunuwar
3809:Sidetic
3804:Shavian
3732:Osmanya
3722:Ol Onal
3576:Kurrent
3561:Insular
3551:Fraktur
3526:Klingon
3516:Kaddare
3490:Archaic
3399:Elbasan
3387:Chinook
3377:Deseret
3365:Bosnian
3320:Avoiuli
3308:Avestan
3298:Ariyaka
3227:Tengwar
3125:Bharati
3086:Serawai
3076:Pasemah
3061:Lampung
3016:Lai Tay
3001:Tai Noi
2964:Sinhala
2944:Pallava
2912:Makasar
2900:Lontara
2875:Kulitan
2848:Kannada
2843:Kadamba
2833:Hanunoo
2823:Grantha
2818:Fakkham
2735:Tibetan
2720:Soyombo
2715:Siddhaṃ
2710:Sharada
2686:Litumol
2676:Tirhuta
2666:Ranjana
2651:Kvemmol
2611:Multani
2596:Marchen
2561:Kalinga
2501:Brahmic
2438:Sogdian
2377:Psalter
2357:Pahlavi
2337:Mandaic
2315:Cursive
2300:Elymaic
2271:Aramaic
1910:6 April
497:/ Annul
451:Rest /
34:US Navy
7000:Europe
6970:Africa
6954:Usenet
6914:BITNET
6851:Mobile
6727:packet
6236:MOSFET
6231:device
6028:Beacon
5894:Other
5767:People
5757:Braigo
5576:Korean
5444:Hebrew
5375:Telugu
5274:Arabic
5264:Arabic
5222:Kyrgyz
5215:Kazakh
5149:Danish
5047:Slovak
5040:Samoan
5019:Polish
4998:Navajo
4899:German
4892:French
4759:
4704:Yugtun
4694:Woleai
4644:Kpelle
4627:Sōgana
4547:Byblos
4325:Muisca
4243:Cretan
4212:Luwian
4170:Tangut
3989:Mixtec
3959:Dongba
3864:Yezidi
3854:Wancho
3829:Todhri
3782:Gothic
3762:Cipher
3703:Manchu
3693:Evenki
3678:Orkhon
3623:Manchu
3618:Lydian
3613:Lycian
3556:Gaelic
3506:Hanifi
3501:Hangul
3476:Gothic
3424:Fraser
3419:Fox II
3355:Coptic
3330:Carian
3313:Pazend
3286:Linear
3232:Thaana
3177:Sarati
3118:Others
3081:Rejang
3066:Lembak
3056:Incung
3036:Telugu
2991:Tai Le
2885:Langdi
2808:Chakma
2698:Karani
2671:Tamyig
2646:Kummol
2641:Himmol
2636:Golmol
2616:Nagari
2601:Meitei
2586:Lepcha
2571:Khojki
2556:Kaithi
2443:Syriac
2431:Musnad
2310:Ashuri
2305:Hebrew
2288:Elifba
2283:Arabic
2276:Hatran
2251:Abjads
2057:
2027:
2017:Poetry
1994:
1932:Earth.
1802:16 May
1640:novel
1555:circle
1515:
1460:Voiced
520:Origin
495:Cancel
259:K or 0
233:I or 9
221:H or 8
209:G or 7
197:F or 6
183:E or 5
171:D or 4
157:C or 3
145:B or 2
133:A or 1
6983:South
6978:North
6939:JANET
6876:Telex
6866:Radio
6705:Nodes
6700:Links
6621:media
6199:Radio
6184:Pager
6112:Drums
6078:video
6073:image
6063:audio
5610:(GS8)
5601:Kanji
5459:Khmer
5437:Greek
5368:Tamil
5301:i.e.
5262:i.e.
5243:Tatar
5189:i.e.
5090:Welsh
4991:Māori
4948:Irish
4866:Dutch
4859:Czech
4669:Nüshu
4537:Bamum
4532:Afaka
4339:Other
4330:Roman
4315:Abjad
4238:Bagam
4139:Bowen
4124:Kanji
4119:Hanja
4107:small
4102:large
4009:Olmec
3979:Kaidā
3969:Emoji
3949:Aztec
3752:Runic
3727:Osage
3708:Oirat
3653:Ogham
3586:Sigla
3531:Latin
3486:Greek
3370:Early
3340:Cirth
3293:Adlam
3162:Geʽez
3157:Fox I
3021:Tamil
2880:Lanna
2863:Khmer
2853:Karen
2803:Buhid
2783:Batak
2740:Uchen
2730:Takri
2681:Limbu
2581:Laṇḍā
2566:Khema
2546:Gupta
2536:Dogri
2453:Serṭā
2426:Zabur
2411:Punic
2384:Pegon
2320:Rashi
2234:Types
2185:Lists
2149:Types
2025:JSTOR
1885:(PDF)
1796:(PDF)
1785:(PDF)
1764:
1597:Help!
1538:motif
453:Space
71:phero
6995:Asia
6881:UUCP
6841:ISDN
5382:Urdu
5347:Odia
5288:Urdu
4664:Loma
4659:Lisu
4602:Kana
4592:Iban
4582:Geba
4542:Bété
4497:si5s
4407:Khom
4380:Full
4253:Maya
3648:N'Ko
3207:Miao
3152:Dham
3071:Ogan
3041:Thai
2959:Shan
2895:Leke
2858:Kawi
2813:Cham
2798:Buda
2773:Ahom
2693:Odia
2606:Modi
2362:Book
2086:2024
2055:ISBN
2036:2024
1992:ISBN
1965:4824
1912:2008
1868:2013
1804:2020
1662:and
1649:The
1590:for
1586:The
65:φέρω
59:sêma
53:σῆμα
6886:WAN
6856:NGN
6846:LAN
6127:Fax
6068:DCT
4941:IPA
4689:Vai
4597:Idu
4165:Sui
3638:Mru
3608:Luo
3571:IPA
3252:Rma
2949:Pyu
2890:Lao
2745:Umê
2151:of
2021:113
1962:RFC
1952:doi
1653:by
1630:of
1616:'s
1486:ん ン
1439:を ヲ
1423:ろ ロ
1407:よ ヨ
1391:も モ
1375:ほ ホ
1354:の ノ
1343:と ト
1327:そ ソ
1311:こ コ
1295:お オ
1267:ゑ ヱ
1246:れ レ
1232:め メ
1216:へ ヘ
1205:ね ネ
1184:て テ
1168:せ セ
1152:け ケ
1136:え エ
1105:る ル
1089:ゆ ユ
1073:む ム
1057:ふ フ
1046:ぬ ヌ
1030:つ ツ
1014:す ス
993:く ク
982:う ウ
959:ゐ ヰ
943:り リ
929:み ミ
913:ひ ヒ
897:に ニ
886:ち チ
870:し シ
854:き キ
838:い イ
815:わ ワ
799:ら ラ
783:や ヤ
767:ま マ
751:は ハ
740:な ナ
724:た タ
708:さ サ
692:か カ
676:あ ア
7079::
4699:Yi
2077:.
2019:.
2015:.
1960:.
1902:.
1847:^
1820:,
1787:.
1752:.
1666:.
1624:.
1557:.
1508:◌゚
1497:◌゙
1454:'n
1236:*
1109:*
933:*
609:–
68:(-
32:A
7013:)
7009:(
6004:e
5997:t
5990:v
4879:)
4875:(
4748:e
4741:t
4734:v
3492:)
3488:(
2141:e
2134:t
2127:v
2088:.
2063:.
2038:.
2000:.
1967:.
1954::
1914:.
1870:.
1806:.
1762:.
1274:o
1115:e
966:u
822:i
660:a
653:w
648:r
643:y
638:m
633:h
628:n
623:t
618:s
613:k
470:)
468:#
439:Z
427:Y
415:X
403:W
391:V
379:U
367:T
355:S
343:R
331:Q
319:P
307:O
295:N
283:M
271:L
245:J
99:.
56:(
25:.
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