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vibratos produce a more lyrical sound. The slowest of vibratos can be used to imitate a bowed instrument "growing" a note after its initial inception. Even though this effect refers to volume in bowed instruments, having a pitch variation that follows the same structure of the volume variation in many situations can have the same effect for the listeners.
146:. The effect generally shifts the pitch over a wider range than axial pitch-shifting. It can produce vibrato as a cyclic variation in pitch, a single up-and-down swoop, or as a shift from one pitch to another that is then held. If the strings and action of the guitar are light enough, a player can bend notes by a
54:
This can be achieved by either altering the note to a higher or lower tone. Moving the finger, wrist, or arm forward or backward primarily determines the tone. In common practice, violin vibrato oscillates on and below a pitch, though dramatic effect may allow for oscillation above as well as below a
63:
In its pure form, vibrato is usually achieved by twisting the wrist rapidly to bend the note slightly, moving to and from the starting pitch. The speed of the vibrato oftentimes has a great effect on the way the note is perceived, with faster vibratos commonly adding tension and stress, while slower
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To produce a bend, the guitarist puts a finger on the string and then, while pressing the string down to the fingerboard, strikes a tone, and pushes or pulls the string to the side. This has the effect of stretching the string and thus makes its pitch higher. Generally a bend on the lower (6th–4th)
43:
There are three types of violin vibrato: finger, arm and wrist vibrato. In finger vibrato, more or less the performer only moves his or her fingers, finger joints. In wrist vibrato, the performer will move the wrist back and forth while keeping the arm in a resting position. In the arm vibrato, the
283:(two semitones), and most beginners fail to bend a string exactly to the proper pitch, producing "overbends" and "underbends". Most guitar teachers advise playing the target note on a higher fret, listening closely to its sound and trying to bend the string aiming to get exactly the same pitch.
186:
A backward, reverse or release bend involves pressing the string to the fingerboard, pulling or pushing it up to stretch the string first, then striking the string and relaxing the string to normal position. This causes the note to go flat, the reverse direction of straight bend.
223:, and the area of the neck where the bends are played. For example, steel strings bend further in pitch than nylon strings, thin strings further than thick strings, bends in the middle of the neck can go further than bends near the nut, etc. Guitar players may also use a lower
86:
Axial vibrato is produced by moving a stopped (held-down) string with the left hand in a direction parallel to its axis, which increases or reduces the tension on the string and thereby alters the pitch. This type of vibrato is typically used by classical guitarists (see
55:
pitch. Throughout the 20th century, finger vibrato was normally used in playing all members of the violin family unless otherwise indicated. Toward the end of the century, playing without vibrato became a more accepted technique in certain contexts.
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Bending the thinner strings can make them cut into the fingers of a beginner guitar player. Over time, guitar players who play regularly develop callouses on their fingertips, which develop into hardened skin upon
130:" or "bending") is produced by moving the stopped (held-down) string with the fretting hand in a direction perpendicular to its axis and parallel to the frets. This type of pitch-shifting is associated with
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Bending, especially wide bending, requires specialized finger strength. It is not uncommon for bending to be awkward or tiring for the hands. However, with proper practice, this subsides. String
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Classical guitar (nylon-string): This works on the unwound strings on a classical (nylon-string) guitar, and also works better on the strings whose heads (tuning keys) are further from the nut.
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also plays a big role; typically thicker strings are more difficult to bend. Notable guitarists who used very heavy-gauge strings while still producing musical bends include
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strings moves them down vertically, as seen from the guitarist's point of view, and a bend on the higher (3rd–1st) strings moves them up. The technique can also be used with
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The most difficult moment for beginners practicing bends is getting the note bent to proper pitch. Usually the bend changes note pitch exactly by one semitone or one
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Bending (especially heavy bending, more than one semitone) usually involves touching more than one string with a left (fretting) hand, as seen in the illustration.
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Sometimes a guitarist bends a note on a certain string up, while playing the note the string is being bent to on another string, creating a "unison bend".
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91:), but can be performed on any kind of guitar, and is frequently used on steel string and electric guitars. When a classical guitarist sees the term
27:
by cyclic hand movements. Despite the name, normally the entire hand moves, and sometimes the entire upper arm. It can also refer to vibrato on some
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Innumerable bend patterns exist: for example, straight bending of a string two semitones up, then one semitone down, then one up, then two down.
47:
Along with using different bodily movements to create vibrato, there are different methods in regards to forward or backward vibrato movements.
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keyboards have pressure or aftertouch sensors which sense if the player is continuing to press down a key after the initial striking; on some
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are most common, but skilled players may use bends from three semitones to as many as five or more, as can be heard in the solo played by
508:
with velocity-sensitive volume and pressure-sensitive pitch, so a skilled player can play a realistic trumpet solo. Some 2010s and 2020s
531:, vibrato-type effects can be produced using movements of the bellows, changes in bellows pressure, or by rocking the fingers on a key.
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string for the third string on his guitar. At that time, no set of light-gauge strings with an unwound third string was available.
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can be achieved by altering the tone of the note being played. Varying the pitch however, is the most crucial aspect in vibrato.
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388:. It has since become an integral part of playing lead guitar. Some masters of string bending on guitar include David Gilmour,
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Armvibrato | Arm vibrato 39 Ăśbungen fĂĽr
Violine und Viola. Mit QR-Codes | 39 Exercises for violin and viola. With QR Codes
215:. In addition to the player's finger strength, the range of a pitch bend is limited to some extent by the type of guitar,
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transition between notes, and not just as a decoration on a note. String bends are one of the few ways to achieve
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A note is pre-bent up one semitone, then bent back, followed with a one-tone pull down and hand vibrato.
384:, or finger slides. String bending on the guitar was first used in blues to mimic the smooth sound of a
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When a string is bent, the sound it creates is much smoother than would be otherwise, even using other
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Finger vibrato is used on several woodwind instruments, in both classical and traditional music. In
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The particular advantage of this technique is that unstopped notes can be pitch-shifted (bent).
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on longer notes, to create an impression of a longer sustain. The technique is also used by
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instruments, achieved by lowering one or more fingers over one of the uncovered holes in a
575:. In contemporary terms this technique is more usually referred to as a "timbral trill".
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digital church organs have an optional voice for the upper keyboard that provides a solo
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patches (sounds), continued pressure on a key triggers an electronic vibrato
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written in a score, this is generally the first effect that comes to mind.
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playing, the target note can be slightly higher or lower than a
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In contemporary music, finger vibrato is also routinely used by
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Bending can make strings break or the guitar go out of tune.
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to give the strings some slack and achieve further bends.
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with appropriate sounds and patches. For example, some
675:. How To Play Blues Guitar. 2008-07-30. Archived from
486:—inspired by his experience as a cellist—invented the
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Other finger vibrato techniques may also be used on
150:or more—so string bending can be a way of making a
547:in French and used, usually on long notes, on the
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482:on which finger vibrato was possible. In 1928,
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724:"5 guitar tricks you can learn from Jimmy Page"
270:. The exact pitch can be varied by the player.
254:. Blue notes are notes that are outside of the
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126:Radial pitch-shifting (also referred to as "
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643:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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319:Also known as "behind-the-nut bending"
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99:Radial pitch-shifting (string bending)
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107:Example of bending on electric guitar
722:Hilborne, Phil (20 September 2019).
615:(1. Auflage ed.). Schriesheim.
360:Several strings can be bent at once.
44:performer opens and closes the arm.
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658:Classical Guitar Vibrato Explained
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347:Bass guitar: works on all strings
246:or even a pitch not present in a
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451:Problems playing this file? See
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324:Pressing the string between the
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336:'s unaccompanied solo break in
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609:Hohage, Erdmute Maria (2021).
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262:. A common blue note is a
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1108:(changing string tuning)
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673:"A Couple Guitar Tips"
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268:major pentatonic scale
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78:to add depth of tone.
1329:Violin musical styles
1277:History of the violin
913:Electric upright bass
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469:technique, known as
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193:Bends of one or two
82:Axial pitch-shifting
69:classical guitarists
1209:Related instruments
1123:and genres of music
1089:Finger substitution
480:keyboard instrument
376:techniques such as
340:'s "Heartbreaker".
814:Five-string violin
495:pressure-sensitive
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298:Stevie Ray Vaughan
219:and material, the
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622:978-3-00-068280-3
585:List of ornaments
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1314:Stradivarius
1195:Cello sonata
1190:Viola sonata
1150:String octet
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1039:
857:Tenor violin
829:Stroh violin
731:. Retrieved
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706:. Retrieved
702:the original
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681:. Retrieved
677:the original
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573:pennywhistle
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518:synth module
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406:Eric Clapton
386:slide guitar
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338:Led Zeppelin
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274:Difficulties
264:quarter tone
244:quarter tone
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1231:Hurdy-gurdy
1135:String trio
1079:Double stop
982:Fingerboard
905:Double bass
875:Bass violin
788:Instruments
565:Irish music
514:synthesizer
302:Peter Green
205:Pt.2" from
1369:Categories
1216:Arpeggione
1106:Scordatura
1035:Bow stroke
1022:Techniques
1012:Tuning peg
1002:Sound post
733:3 December
728:MusicRadar
708:2010-08-18
683:2008-07-31
631:1240360630
545:flattement
467:clavichord
453:media help
402:B. B. King
390:Tony Iommi
378:hammer-ons
355:Variations
334:Jimmy Page
281:whole tone
252:blue notes
240:whole step
207:Pink Floyd
160:blue notes
152:portamento
117:whole step
1297:Slap bass
1282:Jazz bass
1121:Ensembles
1101:Pizzicato
1094:Bariolage
1084:Fingering
1074:Harmonics
1041:Col legno
1007:Tailpiece
639:cite book
590:Glissando
529:accordion
394:Brian May
382:pull-offs
209:'s album
195:semitones
144:pop music
1353:Category
1292:Big band
1251:Pochette
1069:Arpeggio
1057:Spiccato
967:Chinrest
945:Bass bar
923:Octobass
809:Pochette
579:See also
553:recorder
328:and the
308:healing.
256:song key
212:The Wall
148:semitone
119:bend on
76:bassists
29:woodwind
1256:Quinton
1221:Baryton
1112:Vibrato
1062:Tremolo
1052:Portato
1047:Martelé
918:Violone
890:Cellone
596:Sources
506:trumpet
502:Rodgers
374:slurred
140:country
93:vibrato
49:Vibrato
21:vibrato
1241:Lirone
1030:Bowing
992:Scroll
977:F-hole
972:Endpin
962:Bridge
796:Violin
629:
619:
522:effect
472:Bebung
404:, and
225:tuning
59:Guitar
1309:Rosin
1265:Other
937:Parts
867:Cello
839:Viola
563:. In
410:banjo
368:Sound
294:gauge
232:blues
132:blues
33:trill
1319:Viol
955:Frog
735:2019
645:link
627:OCLC
617:ISBN
571:and
559:and
551:and
512:and
300:and
236:half
142:and
136:rock
73:jazz
987:Nut
950:Bow
527:On
326:nut
238:or
230:In
19:is
1371::
726:.
664:^
641:}}
637:{{
625:.
475:.
400:,
396:,
392:,
380:,
183:.
138:,
134:,
115:A
773:e
766:t
759:v
737:.
711:.
686:.
647:)
633:.
455:.
304:.
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