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When the power radiated by the antenna is concentrated in a small angle about the axis, as shown above, the signal strength is greater than the power radiated by the isotropic antenna whose power is radiated evenly in all directions, so the directivity G is a measure of how concentrated the antenna's
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is the radiation pattern of a typical directive antenna. It radiates most of its power in a narrow lobe oriented along the z axis.
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183:(in joules per square meter) radiated by the antenna in the direction of its main lobe (here the z-axis) to the power density
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