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theologian, claimed that the graves were empty save for a few bone fragments, which were piously buried in the common graveyard outside the church. The
Catholics, on the other hand, claimed that the reformers were planning to throw the relics of the saints into the river, and that a courageous man of
256:
This story was revealed in a dream to a monk called
Florentius in the 8th century. It largely contributed to the massive conversion of the inhabitants of these regions to Christianity and had such an impact on Zurich that these three saints still appear on the seal of Zurich today.
341:
The account of the Theban legion is regarded as fictitious by many modern historians. However, other historians believe that historical and archaeological evidence places the legion in
Switzerland at that time.
275:
From the 13th century, images of the saints were used in official seals of the city and on coins. On the saints' feast day, their relics were carried in procession between the Grossmünster and the
420:
Les passions de st
Maurice d'Agaune: Essai sur l'historicité de la tradition et contribution à l'étude de l'armée pré-Dioclétienne (260–286) et des canonisations tardives de la fin du IVe siècle
322:
dated, and while one dates to the Middle Ages, the other is in fact composed of fragments of two separate skulls, of which one is medieval, and the other could indeed date to Roman times.
173:
is 11 September in the
Gregorian calendar, celebrated on the same day using the Julian calendar (which is the 24th of September Gregorian), the 14th of Tout in the Coptic Calendar.
221:, walked forty paces uphill, and prayed before lying down in death. They were buried on the spot where they lay down, on the hilltop which would become the site of the
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279:, and the two monasteries vied for possession of the relics, which attracted enough pilgrims to make Zürich the most important pilgrimage site in the bishopric of
582:
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competition, which started in 1889, originated with the feast day of the saints on 11 September, which came to be the "national holiday" of the early modern
1412:
311:, where the two skulls of Felix and Regula can be seen to this day, while the remaining relics were returned to Zürich in 1950, to the newly built
1107:
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in 1524, their possessions were confiscated and the graves of the martyrs were opened. There are conflicting versions of what happened then.
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In the 9th century, there was a small monastery at the location, outside the settlement of Zürich which was situated on the left side of the
462:
2237:
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Felix and Regula were brother and sister, beheaded in the third century, along with
Exuperantius, for converting to Christianity. Their
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Die Zürcher
Stadtheiligen Felix und Regula. Legenden, Reliquien, Geschichte und ihre Botschaft im Licht moderner Forschung
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422:(Fribourg 1961), Appendix I. Dupraz writes to confirm the historicity of the Theban Legion.
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University of Zürich: «Die Stadt Zürich und ihre Märtyrer - ein multimedialer Pfad»
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Felix, Regula und
Exuperantius; Ikonographie der Stifts- und Stadtheiligen Zürichs
433:""The First Christians in Zurich: The Legend of Felix and Regula", Zurich Tourism"
2015:
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before they were caught, tried and executed in 286. According to legend, after
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Woods, David, "The Origin of the Legend of
Maurice and the Theban Legion",
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Orthodox Vesper in honor of St. Felix, St. Regula and St. Exuperantius
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527:. Hochbauamt der Stadt Zürich/Büro für Archäologie, Zürich 1988
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Hansueli Etter, Urs Baur, Jürg Hanser, Jürg
Schneider (Hrsg.):
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303:(who happened to be exiled from Uri, and by his action earned
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church, burial place of Saints Felix and Regula, at the river
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Jürg Hanser, Armin Mathis, Ulrich Ruoff, Jürg Schneider:
541:. Zürich: SV International, Schweizer Verlagshaus, 1983.
379:
Claremont Colleges Digital Library, Retrieved 2023-04-01
307:) stole the relics from the church. He carried them to
493:
David Bindman, Henry Louis Gates, Karen C. C. Dalton,
349:
Felix & Regula in 'Stuttgarter Passionale' (1130)
181:Felix and Regula were siblings, and members of the
252:of the saints used to be on display to the public.
201:. When the legion refused to sacrifice to Emporer
268:was built on their graves from ca. 1100, and the
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139:with 'Martyr stone', the supposed execution site
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232:Detail of a plan of Zürich, 1576. Shown is the
634:
360:Saints Felix and Regula, patron saint archive
2268:Groups of Christian martyrs of the Roman era
496:The Image of the Black in Western Art Pt. II
562:. Zürich: Antiquarische Gesellschaft, 1973.
390:Bischof, Franz Xavier, "Felix and Regula",
286:With the dissolution of the monasteries by
272:was built at the site of their execution.
35:Jesus and Felix, Regula, Exuperantius, 1506
641:
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539:Felix und Regula, Aneignung einer Legende
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217:, they miraculously stood to their feet,
16:Coptic Orthodox and Roman Catholic saints
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23:Saints Felix, Regula & Exuperantius
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499:(Italy 1979: Menil Foundation), 139.
418:, 9550, reproduced in Louis Dupraz,
2238:Ante-Nicene Christian female saints
596:Saints Germain et Randoald, Martyrs
13:
14:
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479:Journal of Ecclesiastical History
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185:which was based in Egypt under
102:Sts. Felix and Regula at Zürich
553:Das neue Bild des Alten Zürich
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1223:Faustus, Abibus and Dionysius
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146:(together with their servant
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509:Jstor, Retrieved 2023-04-01
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2253:Saints from Roman Egypt
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1859:Yousab el-Abah of Girga
1263:Hor, Besoy, and Daydara
1248:George Bishop of Assiut
1158:Basilides and Potamiana
611:Official Church website
80:Eastern Orthodox Church
2056:Theodora of Alexandria
2051:Theodorus of Tabennese
1961:Macarius of Alexandria
1881:Abdel Messih El-Makari
1814:Narcissus of Jerusalem
1774:Gregory of Neocaesarea
1734:Alexander of Jerusalem
939:James, son of Alphaeus
518:Literature (in German)
416:Bibliothèque nationale
350:
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140:
76:Coptic Orthodox Church
2263:Roman Catholic saints
2142:Clement of Alexandria
1168:Chrysanthus and Daria
944:James, son of Zebedee
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318:The skulls have been
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158:saints. They are the
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88:Roman Catholic Church
2177:Maximus and Domatius
2036:Samuel the Confessor
1829:Paphnutius of Thebes
1824:Paphnutius of Scetis
1764:Gregory of Nazianzus
1759:Eusebius of Caesarea
1754:Epiphanius of Cyprus
1383:Theodore Stratelates
1378:Theodora and Didymus
1213:Elias and companions
1032:Priscilla and Aquila
1022:Phoebe the Deaconess
313:St. Felix und Regula
2243:Brother-sister duos
2172:Three Holy Children
1986:Pachomius the Great
1946:Isidore of Pelusium
1804:Karas of California
1779:Ignatius of Antioch
1188:Cyprian and Justina
1133:Alexandrian Martyrs
1108:21 Martyrs of Libya
484:(1994), pp. 385–95.
1891:Abraham of Farshut
1854:Severian of Gabala
1849:Serapion of Thmuis
1839:Porphyrius of Gaza
1834:Polycarp of Smyrna
1789:James of Jerusalem
1749:Cyril of Jerusalem
601:2014-06-30 at the
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331:Republic of Zürich
315:Catholic church.
292:Heinrich Bullinger
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248:, where important
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2147:Didymus the Blind
1966:Macarius of Egypt
1906:Anthony the Great
1896:Abraham of Scetis
1809:Mikhaeil of Asyut
1799:John of Jerusalem
1744:Basil of Caesarea
1724:Abadiu of Antinoe
1293:Marina the Martyr
1253:George El Mozahem
1183:Cosmas and Damian
1057:Seventy disciples
836:Mary, Our Lady of
412:Codex Parisiensis
246:Fraumünster Abbey
189:and stationed in
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555:. Zürich 1983
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2157:Habib Girgis
2129:Other saints
1936:Mother Irini
1701:Macarius III
1596:Alexander II
1556:Theodosius I
1546:Dioscorus II
1521:Theophilus I
1506:Athanasius I
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447:. Retrieved
440:the original
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270:Wasserkirche
266:Grossmünster
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242:Wasserkirche
234:Grossmünster
223:Grossmünster
215:decapitation
180:
168:
148:Exuperantius
147:
143:
142:
133:Wasserkirche
112:11 September
62:Grossmünster
1686:Gabriel VII
1676:Macarius II
1646:Michael III
1551:Timothy III
1531:Dioscorus I
1501:Alexander I
1471:Demetrius I
1328:Nag Hammadi
1067:Evangelists
934:Bartholomew
586:(in German)
337:Historicity
277:Fraumünster
199:Switzerland
66:Switzerland
2223:286 deaths
2217:Categories
2152:Euphrosyne
2094:Paphnutius
2066:Anchorites
1926:Horsiesius
1656:Cosmas III
1636:Michael II
1601:Theodore I
1581:Benjamin I
1576:Andronicus
1571:Anastasius
1536:Timothy II
1461:Agrippinus
1343:Philotheos
1238:Gallicanus
1173:Chiaffredo
1128:Abaskhiron
658:Patriarchs
449:2016-07-17
366:References
296:Protestant
2089:Onuphrius
2021:Petronius
1931:Hospitius
1916:Bashnouna
1681:Matthew I
1666:Zacharias
1651:Gabriel I
1641:Cosmas II
1626:Simeon II
1606:Michael I
1541:Peter III
1516:Timothy I
1481:Dionysius
1451:Markianos
1338:Philomena
1218:Epimachus
1178:Colluthus
1163:Catherine
1153:Bashnouna
1143:Apollonia
999:Disciples
906:Sarathiel
828:Theotokos
783:Zechariah
773:Zephaniah
325:Zurich’s
320:Carbon 14
309:Andermatt
171:feast day
118:Patronage
2162:Candidus
2109:Shenouda
2001:Patapios
1921:Hilarion
1706:Cyril VI
1691:John XIV
1671:Cyril II
1631:Joseph I
1591:Simeon I
1561:Peter IV
1511:Peter II
1476:Heraclas
1456:Celadion
1398:Wadamoun
1393:Veronica
1373:Theoclia
1208:Dorothea
1037:Silvanus
1027:Philemon
1012:Barnabas
964:Matthias
921:Apostles
901:Zedekiel
798:Jeremiah
768:Habakkuk
700:Prophets
599:Archived
354:See also
281:Konstanz
203:Maximian
2137:Ambrose
2119:Zosimas
1996:Parsoma
1716:Bishops
1696:Cyril V
1661:Abraham
1616:Mark II
1611:John IV
1586:Agathon
1526:Cyril I
1496:Peter I
1486:Theonas
1446:Eumenes
1431:Avilius
1426:Anianus
1318:Mohrael
1303:Maurice
1203:Demiana
1148:Barbara
1138:Arianus
1123:Abanoub
1100:Martyrs
1075:Matthew
1047:Timothy
1042:Stephen
1007:Apollos
959:Matthew
911:Ananiel
891:Raphael
886:Gabriel
881:Michael
861:Zeitoun
846:Belarus
808:Ezekiel
788:Malachi
748:Obadiah
666:Abraham
573:CPG 111
465:le News
305:amnesty
207:Turicum
193:in the
191:Agaunum
177:History
135:church
41:Martyrs
2182:Verena
2114:Thomas
2104:Pijimi
2084:Misael
2031:Poemen
2026:Pishoy
1566:Damian
1466:Julian
1441:Justus
1436:Kedron
1421:Mark I
1368:Thecla
1333:Otimus
1308:Memnon
1288:Malati
1258:Gereon
1243:George
1118:Abāmūn
1113:Abāmūn
989:Thomas
979:Philip
929:Andrew
896:Suriel
856:Warraq
851:Poland
841:Assiut
813:Daniel
803:Baruch
793:Isaiah
778:Haggai
718:Samuel
681:Joseph
545:
531:
399:
264:. The
262:Limmat
250:relics
238:Limmat
211:Glarus
209:) via
195:Valais
164:Zürich
150:) are
122:Zürich
97:shrine
95:Major
2074:Karas
1991:Pambo
1911:Awgin
1869:Monks
1621:James
1413:Popes
1403:Wanas
1388:Varus
1353:Sarah
1323:Moura
1313:Menas
1198:Dasya
1052:Titus
984:Simon
974:Peter
758:Nahum
753:Jonah
738:Micah
728:Hosea
723:David
708:Moses
676:Jacob
671:Isaac
443:(PDF)
436:(PDF)
395:2011
137:Crypt
108:Feast
50:Egypt
2099:Paul
2079:Mary
1901:Amun
1873:nuns
1871:and
1348:Rais
1090:John
1085:Luke
1080:Mark
969:Paul
954:Jude
949:John
763:Noah
743:Joel
733:Amos
543:ISBN
529:ISBN
397:ISBN
294:, a
240:the
154:and
56:Died
46:Born
713:Job
301:Uri
283:.
166:.
162:of
2219::
482:45
414:,
333:.
225:.
197:,
64:,
642:e
635:t
628:v
579:.
452:.
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