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155:. Police headquarters were attacked with a loss of about 50 lives. Battles in the city lasted the whole day and in the evening President Ayala surrendered to Recalde. Estigarribia flew to Asuncion from his headquarters in Chaco, but was arrested in the airport. Franco returned victorious to the capital on February 19 and assumed Presidency.
243:
Meanwhile, the Chaco Peace
Conference was continuing and in January 1937 Franco agreed to give in to some Bolivian territorial demands. This caused dissatisfaction in the army and the commander of troops in Chaco, colonel Ramon Paredes who was a Liberal supporter. On August 13, 1937, his soldiers
128:
veterans and officers, dissatisfied with the weak
Liberal politician leadership during the war and treatment of demobilized soldiers, who were sent home without pensions, found a leader in a populist officer, colonel Rafael Franco. He was a political and military troublemaker who by this time had
116:
about the war: "After this war...we will embrace the tricolor, in this war we have demonstrated who we are...,that we are strong in the face of wrong, that we have strength and heart. We are going to expel all the
Bolivians and later we will expel all of the traitors and thieves. Our country is
190:
it launched the first serious land reform. In May 1936 the
Agrarian Reform Law was passed, which ordered nationalization of two million hectares (five million acres) of land and distribution of it among small farmers. By Franco's fall nearly 200,000 hectares (500,000 acres) had been
163:
Franco's supporters came from those who hated the rule of
Liberal politicians and the large landowners – war veterans, students and peasants, uniting all kinds of political persuasions, from socialism to nationalism. Franco insisted that his revolution is one of national solidarity aimed at
194:
it officially recognized worker's rights. In June 1936 the
Ministry of Labor was created and the first ever Labor Code adopted. Eight-hour working day, paid vacations, weekends, right to strike and labor unions all were introduced. The Confederation of Paraguayan Workers was
136:
as a possible candidate. There were also suspicions that Ayola with the help of
Estigarribia might want to extend his rule for another term. Estigarribia also had opponents within the military, who were dissatisfied with his leadership during the war.
218:
To pacify the revolutionary strikes, land seizures and unrest in army, on March 10, 1936, Franco issued Decree 152 by which he forbade all political parties and proclaimed that
February revolution will follow the
235:
state. This alienated many of Franco's supporters. The uproar among Franco's political supporters was so great that he was forced to null this decree. Political ineptitude of Franco led to the withdrawal of
124:
quickly dismissed many soldiers from the army and due to the economic recession they were left unemployed, many of them staying in
Asuncion in search of better opportunities. These
179:, whom Liberals had strongly criticized for bringing Paraguay to destruction, to the status of national hero. His remains were discovered and together with those of his father
915:
215:
Franco's government defined itself as being opposed to the previous
Liberal era, but it lacked a unified vision for what it stood for and what it wanted to achieve.
224:
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81:(the confiscation, and breaking up, of some large private land holdings). Franco was overthrown on August 13, 1937, but his influence and that of
244:
occupied Asuncion and overthrew Franco. Two years later Liberal politicians succeeded in electing Estigarribia to the Presidency of Republic.
140:
Worried about the rise Estigarribia, colonel Franco started a campaign against him, accusing him of military mistakes and failing to capture
117:
ours...,we won it with sweat, tears and blood. All the Paraguayans after this war will have a piece of land on which to build their homes."
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By the end of Chaco War, the term of President Ayala was ending and he supported the popular commander of Paraguayan forces in Chaco,
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The revolution has been described as a "joint Marxist and fascist coup" which "laid the groundwork for the pro-Nazi dictatorship of
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been appointed the head the Military College and the National War Veteran's Association with more than 100 000 members.
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During the night of February 16 troops led by lieutenant colonels Federico Wenman Smith and Camildo Recalde occupied
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in Paraguayan military communications during the Chaco War in order to make them harder for Bolivians to decode.
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rule in Paraguay and started the ascendancy of military dictatorships that lasted for more than half a century.
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was established which was meant to unite all supporters of the revolution, but it failed.
8:
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regimes of Europe. This March 10, 1936 law was drafted by the Minister of Interior
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The main idea behind the Revolution can be summoned with a fragment from a play by
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Another result of the Revolution was beginning of the official use of the native
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227:, who was a fascist sympathizer and in 1915 had led a revolt against President
66:
was a military coup d'état on February 17, 1936, that brought to power colonel
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925:
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The Grandchildren of Solano López: Frontier and Nation in Paraguay, 1904–1936
121:
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48:
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for plotting against the government. This raised his supporters to action.
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113:
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203:. Guarani was widely spoken among the soldiers and was used per order of
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152:
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increasing the well-being of regular people. On 15 November 1936 a new
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Franco's government rapidly carried out many reforms, one of which was
488:
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63:
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it replaced Liberalism with military nationalism. Franco raised
26:
16:
1936 coup d'état that brought to power colonel Rafael Franco
144:. On February 6, 1936, Franco was arrested and exiled to
120:
After armistice was signed on June 12, 1935, President
340:
Transformations of Populism in Europe and the Americas
296:
Transformations of Populism in Europe and the Americas
307:
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict
380:The Politics of Exile, Paraguay's Febrerista Party
1064:
362:The Cambridge History of Latin America, Volume 6
329:The Cambridge History of Latin America, Volume 6
318:The Cambridge History of Latin America, Volume 6
285:The Cambridge History of Latin America, Volume 6
171:February Revolution succeeded in three areas:
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420:
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382:. University of North Carolina Press.
262:Cartography of Revolutionary Anarchism
210:
427:
401:
377:
1093:1930s coups d'état and coup attempts
158:
70:. The revolution marked the end of
13:
509:Dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner
231:. The law proposed to establish a
14:
1104:
351:Historical Dictionary of Paraguay
93:in 1947 and establishment of the
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464:José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia
40:
25:
355:
185:National Pantheon of the Heroes
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333:
322:
311:
300:
289:
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267:
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191:distributed to 10 000 farmers.
95:Revolutionary Febrerista Party
1:
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166:Unión Nacional Revolucionaria
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454:Governorate of New Andalusia
7:
51:, deposed in the revolution
10:
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1078:Military coups in Paraguay
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89:and eventually led to the
35:, leader of the revolution
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1088:1936 in military history
637:Administrative divisions
531:2000 coup d'état attempt
519:1996 coup d'état attempt
676:Legal system and issues
205:José Félix Estigarribia
142:Santa Cruz de la Sierra
134:José Félix Estigarribia
85:continued to influence
783:Science and technology
177:Francisco Solano López
541:2017 political crisis
536:2012 political crisis
240:form his government.
1073:February 1936 events
607:World Heritage Sites
582:Environmental issues
469:Carlos Antonio López
378:Lewis, Paul (1968).
225:Gomes Freire Esteves
181:Carlos Antonio López
91:Paraguayan Civil War
891:Freedom of religion
868:List of Paraguayans
494:February Revolution
211:Reasons for failure
87:Paraguayan politics
60:February Revolution
853:Indigenous peoples
793:Telecommunications
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662:Political parties
652:Foreign relations
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389:978-0-807-81063-7
260:Michael Schmidt,
159:Main achievements
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1083:1936 in Paraguay
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102:Higinio Morínigo
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122:Eusebio Ayala
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72:Liberal Party
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68:Rafael Franco
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49:Eusebio Ayala
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34:
33:Rafael Franco
28:
19:
1038:Bibliography
993:Coat of arms
828:Demographics
770:Central Bank
693:Human rights
688:Constitution
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493:
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221:totalitarian
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195:established.
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146:Buenos Aires
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114:Julio Correa
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99:
82:
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59:
57:
18:
848:Immigration
750:Agriculture
715:Nationality
83:febreristas
79:land reform
1067:Categories
958:Literature
921:Mennonites
777:(currency)
760:Ecotourism
683:Civil Code
667:Presidents
248:References
108:Background
104:in 1940".
47:President
858:Languages
833:Education
798:Transport
755:Companies
647:Elections
560:Geography
489:Chaco War
126:Chaco War
97:in 1951.
1047:Category
883:Religion
775:Guaraní
698:Abortion
657:Military
642:Congress
621:Politics
433:articles
429:Paraguay
153:Asunción
64:Paraguay
1024:Outline
1005:Tourism
983:Symbols
953:Cuisine
940:Culture
911:Judaism
812:Society
738:Economy
577:Climate
441:History
371:Sources
1052:Portal
988:Anthem
948:Cinema
896:Baháʼí
838:Health
765:Energy
572:Cities
431:
386:
1031:Index
978:Sport
968:Music
963:Media
906:Islam
873:Women
843:Crime
592:Flora
587:Fauna
998:Flag
863:LGBT
703:LGBT
384:ISBN
58:The
916:LDS
62:in
1069::
421:e
414:t
407:v
392:.
187:.
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