765:
330:
760:{\displaystyle {\text{F}}={\dfrac {{\text{s}}^{4}{\cdot }{\text{A}}^{2}}{{\text{m}}^{2}{\cdot }{\text{kg}}}}={\dfrac {{\text{s}}^{2}{\cdot }{\text{C}}^{2}}{{\text{m}}^{2}{\cdot }{\text{kg}}}}={\dfrac {\text{C}}{\text{V}}}={\dfrac {{\text{A}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}}{\text{V}}}={\dfrac {{\text{W}}{\cdot }{\text{s}}}{{\text{V}}^{2}}}={\dfrac {\text{J}}{{\text{V}}^{2}}}={\dfrac {{\text{N}}{\cdot }{\text{m}}}{{\text{V}}^{2}}}={\dfrac {{\text{C}}^{2}}{\text{J}}}={\dfrac {{\text{C}}^{2}}{{\text{N}}{\cdot }{\text{m}}}}={\dfrac {\text{s}}{\Omega }}={\dfrac {1}{\Omega {\cdot }{\text{Hz}}}}={\dfrac {\text{S}}{\text{Hz}}}={\dfrac {{\text{s}}^{2}}{\text{H}}},}
36:
2177:
1944:
876:
1017:
or the legacy micro sign "μ" is not available (as on typewriters) or inconvenient to enter, it is often substituted with the similar-appearing "u" or "U", with little risk of confusion. It was also substituted with the similar-sounding "M" or "m", which can be confusing because M officially stands
1267:(Bradford, September 1873), pp. 222-225. From p. 223: "The "ohm," as represented by the original standard coil, is approximately 10 C.G.S. units of resistance: the "volt" is approximately 10 C.G.S. units of electromotive force: and the "farad" is approximately 1/10 of the C.G.S. unit of capacity."
867:, for a unit of quantity of charge, and by 1873, the farad had become a unit of capacitance. In 1881, at the International Congress of Electricians in Paris, the name farad was officially used for the unit of electrical capacitance.
1018:
for 1,000,000, and m preferably stands for 1/1000. In texts prior to 1960, and on capacitor packages until more recently, "microfarad(s)" was abbreviated "mf" or "MFD" rather than the modern "μF". A 1940
984:
can be measured in femtofarads (1 fF = 0.001 pF = 10 F), while high-performance test equipment can detect changes in capacitance on the order of tens of attofarads (1 aF = 10 F).
1010:
The picofarad (pF) is sometimes colloquially pronounced as "puff" or "pic", as in "a ten-puff capacitor". Similarly, "mic" (pronounced "mike") is sometimes used informally to signify microfarads.
1104:
1355:
Common measurement units are the microfarad (μF), representing 0.000,001 F; the nanofarad (nF), representing 0.000,000,001 F; and the picofarad (pF), representing 0.000,000,000,001 F.
1225:
As names for units of various electrical quantities, Bright and Clark suggested "ohma" for voltage, "farad" for charge, "galvat" for current, and "volt" for resistance. See:
899:. Modern capacitors are constructed using a range of manufacturing techniques and materials to provide the extraordinarily wide range of capacitance values used in
2152:
226:
For most applications, the farad is an impractically large unit of capacitance. Most electrical and electronic applications are covered by the following
987:
A value of 0.1 pF is about the smallest available in capacitors for general use in electronic design, since smaller ones would be dominated by the
2147:
887:
generally consists of two conducting surfaces, frequently referred to as plates, separated by an insulating layer usually referred to as a
1210:
1919:
1548:
1287:: 297. From p. 297: "7. The name farad will be given to the capacity defined by the condition that a coulomb in a farad gives a volt."
216:. Equally, one farad can be described as the capacitance which stores a one-coulomb charge across a potential difference of one volt.
1980:
1518:
219:
The relationship between capacitance, charge, and potential difference is linear. For example, if the potential difference across a
2206:
1332:
1013:
Nonstandard abbreviations were and are often used. Farad has been abbreviated "f", "fd", and "Fd". For the prefix "micro-", when
1150:(8th ed.). Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (International Committee for Weights and Measures). 2006. p. 144.
1126:) farad, approximately 1.1126 picofarads. More commonly, the centimeter (cm) is used, which is equal to the statfarad.
2094:
1422:
1025:"Micromicrofarad" or "micro-microfarad" is an obsolete unit found in some older texts and labels, contains a nonstandard
1635:
1029:. It is exactly equivalent to a picofarad (pF). It is abbreviated μμF, uuF, or (confusingly) "mmf", "MMF", or "MMFD".
2033:
1584:
1378:
1342:
1308:
995:. Capacitance values of 1 pF or lower can be achieved by twisting two short lengths of insulated wire together.
1467:"Electrical Properties of the Fair-Weather Atmosphere and the Possibility of Observable Discharge on Moving Objects"
2157:
2100:
2058:
1825:
1032:
Summary of obsolete or deprecated capacitance units or abbreviations: (upper/lower case variations are not shown)
962:) is uncommon in North America. The size of commercially available capacitors ranges from around 0.1 pF to
1929:
1194:
946:) is rarely used in practice; a capacitance of 4.7 mF (0.0047 F), for example, is instead written as
291:
1 pF (picofarad, one trillionth (10) of a farad) = 0.000 000 000 001 F = 0.001 nF
55:
1466:
1114:(abbreviated statF) is a rarely used CGS unit equivalent to the capacitance of a capacitor with a charge of 1
2127:
2003:
1973:
1644:
1368:
1277:
305:
161:
1608:
1239:
2073:
895:
developed in the 18th century. It is the accumulation of electric charge on the plates that results in
1444:
1261:
2201:
2162:
2048:
1262:"First report of the Committee for the Selection and Nomenclature of Dynamical and Electrical Units,"
2211:
2180:
2117:
1966:
1883:
1229:
1924:
1022:
catalog listed every capacitor's rating in "Mfd.", from 0.000005 Mfd. (5 pF) to 50 Mfd. (50 μF).
1628:
860:
20:
1552:
992:
988:
977:
1233:
Report of the Thirty-first
Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science
1026:
8:
1909:
1526:
911:
903:
applications from femtofarads to farads, with maximum-voltage ratings ranging from a few
2063:
981:
2142:
1947:
1833:
1621:
1580:
1374:
1338:
1304:
1190:
1072:
1497:
1265:
Report of the 43rd
Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science
1145:
35:
2132:
2122:
2068:
2018:
1235:(Manchester, England: September 1861), section: Mathematics and Physics, pp. 37-38.
2043:
2038:
1989:
1700:
1574:
1298:
864:
301:
173:
88:
257:
1 μF (microfarad, one millionth (10) of a farad) = 0.000 001 F =
223:
is halved, the quantity of charge stored by that capacitor will also be halved.
2137:
2008:
1853:
1785:
973:
829:
41:
2195:
2078:
1914:
1838:
1775:
1765:
1215:(9th ed.). Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 2019. p. 138.
1068:
856:
843:
811:
177:
2053:
2013:
1858:
1815:
1800:
1755:
1735:
1652:
1161:
836:
120:
2028:
1730:
1685:
1391:
Nanofarads are also used, more often in Europe than in the United States.
1115:
1019:
1014:
900:
896:
205:
157:
70:
234:
1 mF (millifarad, one thousandth (10) of a farad) = 0.001 F =
999:
892:
888:
1230:"On the formation of standards of electrical quantity and resistance,"
1795:
1710:
1418:
1084:
884:
875:
227:
220:
281:(10) of a farad) = 0.000 000 001 F = 0.001 μF =
1675:
1473:
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309:
181:
128:
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1300:
Lord Kelvin: his influence on electrical measurements and units
1002:
with respect to the ground is calculated to be about 1 F.
776:
321:
317:
193:
189:
140:
136:
44:. The scale behind is in inches (top) and centimetres (bottom).
160:, the ability of a body to store an electrical charge, in the
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of charge changes the potential between the plates by one
1843:
1770:
1760:
818:
1238:
Latimer Clark and Sir
Charles Bright (November 9, 1861)
1067:, the Japanese word for "farad") intended for Japanese
910:
Values of capacitors are usually specified in terms of
60:
1240:"Measurement of electrical quantities and resistance,"
1162:"farad | Definition, Symbol, & Facts | Britannica"
1062:
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Expressed in combinations of SI units, the farad is:
2153:
Institute of
Physics Michael Faraday Medal and Prize
1405:
Analog MOS Integrated
Circuits for Signal Processing
1107:, which corresponds to 10 farads (1 gigafarad, GF).
1334:
Robotics, Mechatronics, and
Artificial Intelligence
1087:, the (non-standard, non-SI) unit of which is the
759:
1519:"1940 Radio Shack Catalog - Page 54 - Condensers"
2193:
1184:
172:(C/V). It is named after the English physicist
1056:
2148:Royal Society of London Michael Faraday Prize
1974:
1629:
1551:. Webster's Online Dictionary. Archived from
1370:Make: Electronics: Learning Through Discovery
304:based on four of the seven base units of the
1423:"What's All This Femtoampere Stuff, Anyhow?"
1228:Latimer Clark and Sir Charles Bright (1861)
1920:Historical definitions of the SI base units
1981:
1967:
1636:
1622:
1303:. London: Peregrinus. pp. 26, 39–40.
855:The term "farad" was originally coined by
1402:
1296:
1073:compatibility with earlier character sets
879:Examples of different types of capacitors
1464:
1083:The reciprocal of capacitance is called
874:
2194:
1212:The International System of Units (SI)
1147:The International System of Units (SI)
1962:
1617:
1445:"What's All This Best Stuff, Anyhow?"
1442:
1417:
1366:
1330:
208:of a capacitor is one farad when one
2095:Royal Institution Christmas Lectures
1572:
1407:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 78.
1324:
1187:Dictionary of Science and Technology
1140:
1138:
1039:pF (picofarad) = mmf, mmfd, pfd, μμF
1988:
1118:across a potential difference of 1
1078:
1006:Informal and deprecated terminology
13:
698:
682:
162:International System of Units (SI)
14:
2223:
1602:
1135:
1103:(abbreviated abF) is an obsolete
1071:. It is included in Unicode for
891:. The original capacitor was the
2176:
2175:
2158:Faraday Medal (electrochemistry)
2101:The Chemical History of a Candle
1943:
1942:
1576:Modern Dictionary of Electronics
1465:Williams, L. L. (January 1999).
34:
2207:Units of electrical capacitance
1566:
1541:
1511:
1490:
1458:
1436:
1411:
1396:
1360:
998:The capacitance of the Earth's
991:of other components, wiring or
16:SI unit of electric capacitance
2034:Faraday's laws of electrolysis
1930:System of units of measurement
1443:Pease, Bob (1 December 2006).
1373:. O'Reilly Media. p. 61.
1290:
1270:
1254:
1219:
1203:
1185:Peter M B Walker, ed. (1995).
1178:
1154:
870:
1:
2128:Faraday Building (Manchester)
2059:Faraday's ice pail experiment
1276:(Anon.) (September 24, 1881)
1036:μF (microfarad) = mf, mfd, uf
306:International System of Units
295:
199:
1643:
1260:Sir W. Thomson, etc. (1873)
1094:
156:) is the unit of electrical
7:
1063:
10:
2228:
2004:Faraday's law of induction
1609:Farad unit conversion tool
1403:Gregorian, Roubik (1976).
1278:"The Electrical Congress,"
1015:the Greek small letter "μ"
850:
277:1 nF (nanofarad, one
18:
2171:
2163:Faraday Lectureship Prize
2110:
2087:
2049:Faraday-efficiency effect
1996:
1938:
1902:
1824:
1699:
1651:
1331:Braga, Newton C. (2002).
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116:
112:
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84:
76:
66:
54:
49:
33:
28:
2181:Category:Michael Faraday
2118:Michael Faraday Memorial
1884:minute and second of arc
1573:Graf, Rudolf F. (1999).
1297:Tunbridge, Paul (1992).
1129:
1925:2019 revision of the SI
1367:Platt, Charles (2009).
1105:CGS unit of capacitance
1055:is a square version of
1523:radioshackcatalogs.com
1337:. Newnes. p. 21.
993:printed circuit boards
989:parasitic capacitances
907:to several kilovolts.
880:
761:
21:Farad (disambiguation)
1579:. Newnes. p. 1.
978:Parasitic capacitance
878:
863:in 1861, in honor of
762:
1826:Other accepted units
1421:(2 September 1993).
1085:electrical elastance
1027:metric double prefix
980:in high-performance
331:
19:For other uses, see
1910:Conversion of units
1447:. Electronic Design
1425:. Electronic Design
1122:. It is 1/(10
982:integrated circuits
107:... is equal to ...
50:General information
2064:Faraday efficiency
1703:with special names
1500:. Wolfram Research
1166:www.britannica.com
881:
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180:1 F = 1
164:, equivalent to 1
126:
118:
2189:
2188:
2143:IET Faraday Medal
1956:
1955:
1834:astronomical unit
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2123:Faraday Building
2069:Electrochemistry
2019:Faraday constant
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1472:. Archived from
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176:(1791–1867). In
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2212:Michael Faraday
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2044:Faraday rotator
2039:Faraday paradox
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1990:Michael Faraday
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2079:Line of force
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1586:9780080511986
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1555:on 2011-10-04
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300:A farad is a
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178:SI base units
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121:SI base units
115:
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2074:Faraday disc
2054:Faraday wave
2023:
2014:Faraday cage
1859:electronvolt
1725:
1590:. Retrieved
1575:
1568:
1557:. Retrieved
1553:the original
1543:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:the original
1522:
1513:
1502:. Retrieved
1492:
1481:. Retrieved
1474:the original
1460:
1449:. Retrieved
1438:
1427:. Retrieved
1413:
1404:
1398:
1390:
1384:. Retrieved
1369:
1362:
1354:
1348:. Retrieved
1333:
1326:
1314:. Retrieved
1299:
1292:
1284:
1280:
1272:
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1256:
1246:
1242:
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1221:
1211:
1205:
1189:. Larousse.
1186:
1180:
1169:. Retrieved
1165:
1156:
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1123:
1111:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1082:
1042:
1031:
1024:
1012:
1009:
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986:
972:(5 kF)
959:
955:
943:
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915:
909:
882:
854:
768:
326:
302:derived unit
299:
225:
218:
203:
153:
149:
147:
106:
101:
67:Unit of
2029:Faraday cup
1116:statcoulomb
1020:Radio Shack
916:microfarads
912:SI prefixes
901:electronics
897:capacitance
871:Explanation
264: nF =
241: μF =
228:SI prefixes
206:capacitance
158:capacitance
85:Named after
71:capacitance
56:Unit system
2196:Categories
1653:Base units
1592:2016-04-15
1559:2009-06-19
1504:2009-06-09
1483:2012-08-13
1451:2013-03-09
1429:2013-03-09
1419:Pease, Bob
1386:2014-07-22
1350:2008-09-17
1196:0752300105
1171:2022-07-25
1000:ionosphere
940:millifarad
932:picofarads
924:nanofarads
893:Leyden jar
889:dielectric
296:Equalities
200:Definition
40:A 1-farad
1796:steradian
1711:becquerel
1249:(1): 3–4.
1112:statfarad
1095:CGS units
956:nanofarad
885:capacitor
771:F = farad
703:⋅
699:Ω
683:Ω
661:⋅
587:⋅
525:⋅
496:⋅
455:⋅
424:⋅
391:⋅
360:⋅
320:(s), and
279:billionth
221:capacitor
152:(symbol:
100:1 F
2088:Lectures
1948:Category
1903:See also
1676:kilogram
1645:SI units
1120:statvolt
1050:㌲
952: μF
310:kilogram
288: pF
274: pF
254: pF
2111:Related
1997:Physics
1864:hectare
1849:decibel
1791:sievert
1786:siemens
1716:coulomb
1666:candela
1549:"Daraf"
1533:11 July
1101:abfarad
1064:faraddo
938:). The
851:History
830:siemens
822:, Hz =
784:coulomb
210:coulomb
166:coulomb
1879:minute
1839:dalton
1781:radian
1776:pascal
1766:newton
1691:second
1671:kelvin
1661:ampere
1583:
1498:"Puff"
1377:
1341:
1307:
1193:
1047:
1045:U+3332
954:. The
930:) and
844:ampere
812:newton
777:second
769:where
322:ampere
318:second
312:(kg),
102:in ...
77:Symbol
2024:Farad
1894:tonne
1889:neper
1874:litre
1816:weber
1801:tesla
1756:lumen
1751:katal
1746:joule
1741:hertz
1736:henry
1726:farad
1681:metre
1477:(PDF)
1470:(PDF)
1316:5 May
1130:Notes
1089:daraf
1058:ファラッド
905:volts
837:henry
824:Hertz
805:joule
324:(A).
316:(m),
314:metre
150:farad
29:farad
1869:hour
1811:watt
1806:volt
1731:gray
1686:mole
1581:ISBN
1535:2017
1375:ISBN
1339:ISBN
1318:2015
1305:ISBN
1191:ISBN
1110:The
1099:The
859:and
842:A =
835:H =
828:S =
817:Ω =
810:N =
803:J =
798:watt
796:W =
791:volt
789:V =
782:C =
775:s =
214:volt
204:The
170:volt
168:per
148:The
1844:day
1771:ohm
1761:lux
966:000
950:700
922:),
819:ohm
285:000
271:000
268:000
261:000
251:000
248:000
245:000
238:000
2198::
1521:.
1389:.
1353:.
1283:,
1245:,
1164:.
1137:^
1091:.
1075:.
976:.
960:nF
944:mF
936:pF
928:nF
920:μF
883:A
847:.
840:,
833:,
826:,
815:,
808:,
801:,
794:,
787:,
780:,
773:,
725:Hz
708:Hz
460:kg
396:kg
308::
230::
196:.
182:kg
129:kg
61:SI
1982:e
1975:t
1968:v
1637:e
1630:t
1623:v
1595:.
1562:.
1537:.
1507:.
1486:.
1454:.
1432:.
1320:.
1285:7
1247:1
1199:.
1174:.
1124:c
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969:F
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744:2
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722:S
716:=
695:1
689:=
680:s
674:=
666:m
656:N
649:2
644:C
636:=
630:J
625:2
620:C
612:=
604:2
599:V
592:m
582:N
574:=
566:2
561:V
556:J
550:=
542:2
537:V
530:s
520:W
512:=
506:V
501:s
491:A
483:=
477:V
474:C
468:=
449:2
444:m
435:2
430:C
418:2
413:s
404:=
385:2
380:m
371:2
366:A
354:4
349:s
340:=
336:F
283:1
266:1
259:1
243:1
236:1
194:A
192:⋅
190:s
188:⋅
186:m
184:⋅
154:F
141:A
139:⋅
137:s
135:⋅
133:m
131:⋅
80:F
23:.
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