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Ern Malley hoax

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put to do, since we haven't really studied anything. The students have been writing poems of varying degrees of merit, and though I give them reading lists they tend to ignore them, after first demanding them. And the way the course is set up there is no way of examining them on their reading. And anyway they shouldn't have to pass an examination because they're poets who are writing poetry, and I don't like the idea of grading poems. So in order to pass the examination time I had to think of various subterfuges, and one of them is to use one of Malley's poems and another forbiddingly modern poem – frequently one of
770: 525: 236: 222: 936: 40: 456:, a suburb of Sydney, Australia, with her two children: Ern, and his older sister Ethel. After his mother's death in August 1933, Ern Malley left school to work as an auto mechanic. Shortly after his seventeenth birthday, he then moved to Melbourne where he lived alone and worked as an insurance salesman, and later as a watch repairman. Diagnosed with 579:. ... However, it was possible that we had simply failed to penetrate to the inward substance of these productions. The only way of settling the matter was by way of experiment. It was, after all, fair enough. If Mr Harris proved to have sufficient discrimination to reject the poems, then the tables would have been turned. 730:'s 'Mercian Hymns'. And asking them if they can guess which one is the real poem by a respected contemporary poet, and which one is a put-on intended to ridicule modern poetry, and what are their reasons. And I think they are right about fifty per cent of the time, identifying the fraud... fraudulent poem. 725:
with the Sidney Nolan cover. I always had a taste for sort of wild experimental poetry – of which there really wasn't very much in English in America at the time – and this poet suited me very well. I am obliged to give a final examination in my poetry writing course , which I'm always rather hard
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Malley's life as a poet became known only after his sister Ethel (another fictitious creation of McAuley and Stewart) found a pile of unpublished poems among his belongings. These poems featured a brief preface, which explained that they had been composed over a period of five years, but it left no
826:, by Ian Kennedy Williams, was published in 1990 and tells of a sickly, insipid Ern who writes a manual of motorcycle maintenance while a boring bureaucrat Henry Fitzhubert-Ireland writes the poems. Two more recent fictions invent a "real" Ern: "Strangers in the House of the Mind" which appears in 690:
The basic case made by Ern's defenders was that his creation proved the validity of surrealist procedures: that in letting down their guard, opening themselves to free association and chance, McAuley and Stewart had reached inspiration by the side-door of parody; and though this can't be argued on
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The South Australian police prosecuted Harris for publishing immoral and obscene material. The only prosecution witness was a police detective, whose evidence included the statement 'I don't know what "incestuous" means, but I think there is a suggestion of indecency about it'. Despite this, and
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The Ern Malley affair was the century's greatest literary hoax not because it completely hookwinked Harris and not because it triggered off a story so rich in ironies and reversals. It was the greatest hoax because the creation of Ern Malley escaped the control of his creators and enjoyed an
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Most people, including most educated people with an interest in the arts, were persuaded of the validity of McAuley and Stewart's "experiment". The two had deliberately written bad poetry, passed it off under a plausible alias to the country's most prominent publisher of modernist poetry, and
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writers represent an Australian outcrop of a literary fashion which has become prominent in England and America. The distinctive feature of the fashion, it seemed to us, was that it rendered its devotees insensible of absurdity and incapable of ordinary discrimination. Our feeling was that by
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Some literary critics take the view that McAuley and Stewart outsmarted themselves in their concoction of the Ern Malley poems. "Sometimes the myth is greater than its creators," Max Harris wrote. Harris, of course, had a vested interest in Malley, but others have agreed with his assessment.
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autonomous existence beyond, and at odds with, the critical and satirical intentions of McAuley and Stewart. They succeeded better than they had known, or wished. Malley's poems hold up to this day, eclipsing anything produced by any of the story's main protagonists in propria persona.
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behalf of all the poems, some of which are partly or wholly gibberish, it contains a ponderable truth... The energy of invention that McAuley and Stewart brought to their concoction of Ern Malley created an icon of literary value, and that is why he continues to haunt our culture.
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Two exhibitions by major Australian galleries have been based on Ern Malley. In 1974 the Art Gallery of South Australia's Adelaide Festival Exhibitions included the Sidney Nolan exhibition "Ern Malley and Paradise Garden". The 2009 exhibition "Ern Malley: The Hoax and Beyond" at
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raised the possibility that Harris was the hoaxed rather than the hoaxer. Alarmed, Harris hired a private detective to establish whether Ern and Ethel Malley existed or had ever done so, but by then, the Australian national press was on the trail. The next week, the Sydney
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sometime in the early 1940s, Malley refused treatment. He returned to Sydney, moving in with his sister in March, 1943, where he became increasingly ill (as well as temperamental and difficult) until his death at the age of 25 on 23 July of that same year.
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by submitting nonsensical poetry to the magazine under the guise of a fictional poet. They created a fictional biography for the poet, whom they christened "Ernest Lalor Malley". The name is a "highly Australian-sounding handle": "Malley" is a pun on the word
366:. Stewart claimed to have never heard of Floupette at the time of the Ern Malley hoax, and while there is no evidence McAuley had, his Masters thesis titled "Symbolism: an essay in poetics", included a study of French Symboliste poetry and poetics. 55:, which are printed on the cover, bottom right: "I said to my love (who is living) / Dear we shall never be that verb / Perched on the sole Arabian Tree / (Here the peacock blinks the eyes of his multipennate tail)". The painting is now held at the 720:
I think it was the first summer I was at Harvard as a student, and I discovered a wonderful bookstore there where I could get modern poetry – which I'd never been able to lay my hands on very much until then – and they had the original edition of
611:, "More important than the hoax itself was the effect it had on the development of Australian poetry. The vigorous and legitimate movement for modernism in Australian writing, espoused by many writers and critics in addition to the members of the 290:: "We opened books at random, choosing a word or phrase haphazardly. We made lists of these and wove them in nonsensical sentences. We misquoted and made false allusions. We deliberately perpetrated bad verse, and selected awkward rhymes from a 135:
In the decades that followed, the hoax proved to be a significant setback for modernist poetry in Australia. Since the 1970s, however, the Ern Malley poems, though known to be a hoax, became celebrated as a successful example of
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appeared in June 1944 owing to wartime printing delays. Harris eagerly promoted it around the small world of Australian writers and critics. The reaction was not what he had hoped or expected. An article appeared in the
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instructions as to what was to be done with them. Ethel Malley supposedly knew nothing about poetry, but showed the poems to a friend, who suggested that she send the poems to someone who could examine them.
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Harris, however, once he recovered from his humiliation in the Ern Malley hoax, made the best of his notoriety. From 1951 to 1955, he published another literary magazine, which he called
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According to his inventors' fictitious biography, Ernest Lalor Malley was born in Liverpool, England, on 14 March 1918. His father died in 1920, and Malley's mother migrated to
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wrote, "Though Harris was wrong about who Ern Malley 'was' (if one can use that word here), I find it hard not to agree with his judgment of Malley's poetry."
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The fictional Ern Malley achieved a measure of celebrity. The poems are regularly re-published and quoted. There have been at least 20 publications of the
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Several works of fiction attribute the poems to a third party who actually wrote them; they then fall into the hands of McAuley and Stewart. In 1977 in
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to do, they had, in fact, produced some memorable poems. Harris went on to become a successful bookseller and newspaper columnist. Harris died in 1995.
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McAuley and Stewart then sent Harris a letter, purported to be from Ethel, containing the poems, and asking for his opinion of her late brother's work.
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and the humiliation of Harris, who was put on trial, convicted and fined for publishing the poems on the grounds that they contained obscene content.
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processes of critical self-delusion and mutual admiration, the perpetrators of this humourless nonsense had managed to pass it off on would-be
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Their writing process, as they described it, was to write down the first thing that came into their heads, lifting words and phrases from the
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Harris read the poems with, as he later recalled, a mounting sense of excitement. Ern Malley, he thought, was a poet in the same class as
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For services to Australian literature, Ern Malley was awarded the degree of "Doctor of Science in Oxometry" by the Sydney University
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and mailed sixteen poems to Harris under the guise of Ethel, Ern Malley's surviving sister. Harris and other members of the
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series (1946–47), saying "It made me take the risk of putting against the Australian bush an utterly strange object."
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It has been suggested that Malley is better known and more widely read today than either McAuley or Stewart.
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is a reimagining of the Ern Malley story using Ern's sister, Ethel Malley, as the narrator and protagonist.
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wrote a short story "Black Swan of Trespass", in which she has Davydd Davis, who presents as an antipodean
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Imitating the modernist poetry they despised, the hoaxers deliberately created what they thought was bad
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was the first exhibition to thoroughly investigate the genesis, reception and aftermath of the hoax.
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completely taken him in. Harris, they said, could not tell real poetry from fake, good from bad.
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group, received a severe setback, and the conservative element was undoubtedly strengthened."
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several distinguished expert witnesses arguing for Harris, he was found guilty and fined ÂŁ5.
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The Sons of Clovis: Ern Malley, Adoré Floupette and a Secret History of Australian Poetry
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whose biography and body of work were created in one day in 1943 by conservative writers
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In the "Individual Notes on Works and Authors" in the "Special Collaborations Issue" of
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art and literary movement centred around a journal of the same name, co-edited by poet
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The Black Swan of Trespass: The Emergence of Modernist Painting in Australia 1918–1944
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to Malley, hailing him as a genius. The hoax was revealed soon after, resulting in a
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fell for the hoax, and, enraptured by the poetry, devoted the next issue of
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produced a series of well-received paintings based on the Ern Malley hoax.
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alluded to the poems in calling his 1979 history of modernism in Australia
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Stewart settled permanently in Japan in 1966 and published two volumes of
1140:(Collection of quotations by McAuley and Stewart). No. 17. June 2002 917: 901: 884: 622:, Sidney Nolan credited Ern Malley with inspiring him to paint his first 485: 264: 196: 177: 164:
called Ern Malley "the greatest literary hoax of the twentieth century".
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poetry translations which became popular in Australia. He died in 1995.
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The Ern Malley hoax had long-lasting repercussions. To quote the
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McAuley went on to publish several volumes of poetry and, with
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McAuley and Stewart decided to perpetrate a hoax on Harris and
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credited the poems with inspiring him to paint his now-iconic
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Image of Ethel Malley's letter to Max Harris, 28 October 1943
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Wilde, William H.; Hooton, Joy; Andrews, Barry, eds. (1994).
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recounts the tale of the Ern Malley hoax in his 2003 novel
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In 1944, James McAuley and Harold Stewart were in the Army
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draws some of its inspiration from the Ern Malley affair.
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wrote a 1955 American television play based on the hoax,
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said of Ern Malley, in a 1988 interview in the magazine
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After the hoax was revealed, McAuley and Stewart wrote:
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in their own right, lauded by poets and critics such as
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And painted roofs, the high snows glimpsed at the back,
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From 1961 he was professor of English at the 306:I had often cowled in the slumbrous heavy air, 669: 320:To an interloper, robber of dead men's dream, 316:Not knowing then that Durer perceived it too. 314:All reversed in the quiet reflecting waters – 204:, who in 1940, at the age of 18, had started 638:, founded the literary and cultural journal 328:The black swan of trespass on alien waters. 876:and Chris Kohn, premiered at the Melbourne 310:As I knew it would be, the colourful spires 1264:– via National Library of Australia. 1175: 1173: 630:McAuley, Stewart and Harris in later years 180:arts world. McAuley had acted and sung in 1335:Oxford Companion to Australian Literature 1278:. Angus & Robertson Childrens. 1993. 1027:The Ern Malley Poetry Hoax – Introduction 609:Oxford Companion to Australian Literature 342:and a Secret History of Australian Poetry 308:Closed my inanimate lids to find it real, 174:Directorate of Research and Civil Affairs 1337:. Oxford University Press. p. 257. 1190:(Excerpt of Heyward's book). No. 17 1159:"Ern, it turns out, has a French cousin" 1126: 1124: 1082: 1080: 1018: 1016: 1014: 988: 986: 984: 768: 523: 476: 322:I had read in books that art is not easy 38: 1735: 1616:Waimarino County & Other Excursions 1230: 1179: 1170: 1115: 832:Waimarino County & Other Excursions 324:But no one warned that the mind repeats 318:Now I find that once more I have shrunk 14: 1864: 1845:Review of "The Black Swan of Trespass" 1671: 1642: 1613: 1511:Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills 1461: 1402: 1357: 1086: 957:, another outsider artist promoted by 528:Max Harris with Angry Penguins artist 1814:, Alternative Publishing, Sydney 1979 1121: 1077: 1011: 981: 765:References to Ern Malley and the hoax 500:, based on the poems, for the cover. 1569: 1488:Pádraig Collins (3 September 2003). 1360:"McAuley, James Phillip (1917–1976)" 1301:, SA Memory Mail, 17 June 1944, p. 6 910:, one of characters quotes Malley's 519: 355:Les DĂ©liquescences d'AdorĂ© Floupette 211: 1570:Vagg, Stephen (11 September 2022). 1311:"MODERN VERSE HOAX BY SYDNEY POETS" 583: 24: 1745: 1365:Australian Dictionary of Biography 25: 1913: 1877:Nonexistent people used in hoaxes 1818: 1740:. University of Queensland Press. 1593:. Sydney: Hale & Ironmonger. 1464:"Ern Malley: The Hoax and Beyond" 848:(1987) is based on these events. 1299:"Mystery of poet stirs 'varsity" 1218:(Sydney), No. 7, June 2002, ed. 934: 338:The Sons of Clovis: Ern Malley, 297:The first poem in the sequence, 234: 220: 160:. American poet and anthologist 27:Fictional poet and literary hoax 1825:The Official Ern Malley website 1691: 1665: 1636: 1607: 1582: 1563: 1537: 1525: 1502: 1481: 1455: 1427: 1410:Ern Malley: The Hoax and Beyond 1351: 1320: 1304: 1292: 1268: 1236: 1202: 496:and commissioned a painting by 1847:by Lally Katz and Chris Kohn, 1773:University of Queensland Press 1672:Rainey, David (24 June 2012). 1589:Kennedy Williams, Ian (1990). 1462:Rainey, David (24 July 2012). 1370:Australian National University 1180:Heyward, Michael (June 2002). 1152: 1057: 1038: 998:Art Gallery of New South Wales 13: 1: 1068:80 Days that Changed Our Life 974: 167: 71:, is Australia's most famous 47:. Featured on the cover is a 1760:, 39 (3) (March 1995), 14-15 336:theorises in his 2011 book, 7: 1835:Ern Malley's complete poems 1276:Collected Poems: Ern Malley 1248:The Sunday Sun and Guardian 927: 575:, both here and abroad, as 503:The Autumn 1944 edition of 292:Ripman's Rhyming Dictionary 10: 1918: 1532:"Trolls before their time" 1443:. No. 2. January 1998 1414:Heide Museum of Modern Art 1210:Ern Malley feature edition 1064:"Ern Malley literary hoax" 870:The Black Swan of Trespass 803:The Black Swan of Trespass 737:Heide Museum of Modern Art 670:Subsequent re-appreciation 57:Heide Museum of Modern Art 43:The Ern Malley edition of 29: 1754:, Ern Malley's Namesake, 1736:Heyward, Michael (1993). 1620:Auckland University Press 1521:exam). 2015. p. 206. 797:The Australian historian 618:In a 1975 interview with 562:Mr. Max Harris and other 535:On 17 June, the Adelaide 438: 430: 422: 406: 383: 376: 370:Biography of "Ern Malley" 280:Concise Oxford Dictionary 194:Harris was a 22-year-old 1544:"The poet who never was" 1490:"The poet who never was" 1049:Sydney Writers' Festival 900:of the one of Picasso's 866:Seven Types of Ambiguity 473:was to be that someone. 288:Dictionary of Quotations 30:Not to be confused with 1614:Edmond, Martin (2007). 1182:"The Ern Malley Affair" 922:Sincerely, Ethel Malley 1857:Ern Malley on aCOMMENT 1791:The Darkening Ecliptic 1643:Malley, David (2009). 1546:, review of Heyward's 1358:Pierce, Peter (2000). 1089:The Darkening Ecliptic 912:Durer: Innsbruck, 1495 782: 773:Angry Penguins artist 762: 732: 723:The Darkening Ecliptic 693: 646:University of Tasmania 581: 553:The Darkening Ecliptic 532: 510:University of Adelaide 445:The Darkening Ecliptic 331: 299:Durer: Innsbruck, 1495 273:The Darkening Ecliptic 60: 1902:Collective pseudonyms 1738:The Ern Malley Affair 1548:The Ern Malley Affair 1315:The Argus (Melbourne) 969:Surrealist techniques 834:, and David Malley's 822:, writing the poems. 772: 757: 718: 688: 560: 527: 477:Carrying out the hoax 303: 284:Collected Shakespeare 267:, leader of the 1854 87:in order to hoax the 42: 1674:"Beyond is Anything" 1087:Malley, Ern (2017). 1053:University of Sydney 846:Angry Young Penguins 786:Sumner Locke Elliott 660:Ern Malley's Journal 241:Harold Stewart, 1944 1887:Hoaxes in Australia 1557:The Washington Post 1317:, 3 July 1944, p. 3 1070:, 27 October 2011, 842:Joanna Murray-Smith 830:'s 2007 collection 748:The Washington Post 648:. He died in 1976. 602:Oxometrical Society 512:student newspaper, 388:Ernest Lalor Malley 378:Ernest Lalor Malley 227:James McAuley, 1944 200:poet and critic in 1872:Literary forgeries 1645:Beyond is Anything 1534:, dailycare.com.au 1167:(1–2 October 2011) 890:In the 2013 novel 836:Beyond is Anything 816:Barbara Ker Wilson 783: 706:The American poet 676:Darkening Ecliptic 533: 401:Liverpool, England 263:. "Lalor" recalls 67:, also called the 61: 1897:1944 in Australia 1803:978-1-55713-439-4 1782:978-0-7022-3884-0 1658:978-0-646-48866-0 1629:978-1-86940-391-1 1422:978-1-921330-10-0 1379:978-0-522-84459-7 1330:"Ern Malley Hoax" 1161:by Don Anderson, 1102:978-1-55713-439-4 907:The Weeping Woman 878:Malthouse Theatre 857:My Life as a Fake 520:The hoax revealed 450: 449: 417:Sydney, Australia 350:Decadent movement 212:Creating the hoax 189:Sydney University 138:surrealist poetry 69:Ern Malley affair 16:(Redirected from 1909: 1882:Australian poets 1786: 1741: 1723: 1722: 1695: 1689: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1669: 1663: 1662: 1647:. Croydon, NSW: 1640: 1634: 1633: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1586: 1580: 1579: 1567: 1561: 1541: 1535: 1529: 1523: 1522: 1516: 1506: 1500: 1499: 1485: 1479: 1478: 1476: 1474: 1459: 1453: 1452: 1450: 1448: 1431: 1425: 1406: 1400: 1399: 1355: 1349: 1348: 1332: 1324: 1318: 1308: 1302: 1296: 1290: 1289: 1272: 1266: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1246:. Supplement to 1240: 1234: 1228: 1222: 1206: 1200: 1199: 1197: 1195: 1177: 1168: 1156: 1150: 1149: 1147: 1145: 1128: 1119: 1113: 1107: 1106: 1084: 1075: 1061: 1055: 1042: 1036: 1020: 1009: 990: 944: 939: 938: 799:Humphrey McQueen 584:Immediate impact 441: 413: 397: 395: 374: 373: 269:Eureka Rebellion 238: 224: 132:folded in 1946. 21: 1917: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1862: 1861: 1821: 1793:, Los Angeles: 1783: 1763: 1748: 1746:Further reading 1727: 1726: 1719: 1711:. p. 249. 1699:Chris Womersley 1696: 1692: 1682: 1680: 1670: 1666: 1659: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1622:. p. 174. 1612: 1608: 1601: 1587: 1583: 1568: 1564: 1542: 1538: 1530: 1526: 1514: 1508: 1507: 1503: 1495:The Irish Times 1486: 1482: 1472: 1470: 1460: 1456: 1446: 1444: 1433: 1432: 1428: 1408:Rainey, David. 1407: 1403: 1380: 1356: 1352: 1345: 1325: 1321: 1309: 1305: 1297: 1293: 1286: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1259: 1257: 1242: 1241: 1237: 1229: 1225: 1207: 1203: 1193: 1191: 1178: 1171: 1157: 1153: 1143: 1141: 1130: 1129: 1122: 1114: 1110: 1103: 1091:. Los Angeles: 1085: 1078: 1062: 1058: 1051:, 14 May 2012, 1043: 1039: 1021: 1012: 992:Pearce, Barry. 991: 982: 977: 940: 933: 930: 767: 672: 636:Richard Krygier 632: 586: 522: 479: 458:Graves' disease 439: 418: 415: 411: 402: 399: 393: 391: 390: 389: 379: 372: 364:Gabriel Vicaire 360:Henri Beauclair 340:AdorĂ© Floupette 330: 327: 325: 323: 321: 319: 317: 315: 313: 311: 309: 307: 246: 245: 244: 243: 242: 239: 230: 229: 228: 225: 214: 170: 99:and art patron 65:Ern Malley hoax 53:Petit Testament 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1915: 1905: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1860: 1859: 1854: 1853:, 19 July 2005 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1820: 1819:External links 1817: 1816: 1815: 1805: 1787: 1781: 1761: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1742: 1725: 1724: 1717: 1690: 1664: 1657: 1649:Self published 1635: 1628: 1606: 1599: 1581: 1562: 1560:, 6 March 1994 1536: 1524: 1501: 1480: 1454: 1426: 1401: 1378: 1350: 1343: 1319: 1303: 1291: 1284: 1267: 1235: 1223: 1201: 1169: 1164:The Australian 1151: 1120: 1108: 1101: 1076: 1056: 1037: 1010: 979: 978: 976: 973: 972: 971: 966: 961: 959:Angry Penguins 952: 950:List of hoaxes 946: 945: 929: 926: 920:'s 2021 novel 862:Elliot Perlman 854:'s 2003 novel 766: 763: 671: 668: 631: 628: 613:Angry Penguins 591:Angry Penguins 585: 582: 564:Angry Penguins 549:Angry Penguins 521: 518: 505:Angry Penguins 494:Angry Penguins 478: 475: 471:Angry Penguins 448: 447: 442: 436: 435: 432: 431:Known for 428: 427: 424: 420: 419: 416: 414:(aged 25) 408: 404: 403: 400: 387: 385: 381: 380: 377: 371: 368: 304: 250:Angry Penguins 240: 233: 232: 231: 226: 219: 218: 217: 216: 215: 213: 210: 206:Angry Penguins 169: 166: 130:Angry Penguins 120:Angry Penguins 89:Angry Penguins 85:Harold Stewart 45:Angry Penguins 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1914: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1867: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1822: 1813: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1795:Green Integer 1792: 1788: 1784: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1765:Brooks, David 1762: 1759: 1758: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1739: 1734: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1720: 1718:9781743530665 1714: 1710: 1709:Quercus Books 1706: 1705: 1700: 1694: 1679: 1675: 1668: 1660: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1639: 1631: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1610: 1602: 1600:0-86806-393-2 1596: 1592: 1585: 1577: 1573: 1566: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1533: 1528: 1520: 1513: 1512: 1505: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1484: 1469: 1465: 1458: 1442: 1441: 1436: 1430: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1412:. Melbourne: 1411: 1405: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1366: 1361: 1354: 1346: 1344:9780195533811 1340: 1336: 1331: 1323: 1316: 1312: 1307: 1300: 1295: 1287: 1281: 1277: 1271: 1255: 1254: 1249: 1245: 1239: 1233:, p. 77. 1232: 1227: 1221: 1217: 1216: 1211: 1205: 1189: 1188: 1183: 1176: 1174: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1139: 1138: 1133: 1127: 1125: 1118:, p. xv. 1117: 1112: 1104: 1098: 1094: 1093:Green Integer 1090: 1083: 1081: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1060: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1034: 1033: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1015: 1007: 1006:1-74174-013-4 1003: 999: 995: 989: 987: 985: 980: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 956: 955:Alfred Tipper 953: 951: 948: 947: 943: 942:Poetry portal 937: 932: 925: 923: 919: 915: 913: 909: 908: 903: 899: 895: 894: 888: 886: 881: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 858: 853: 849: 847: 843: 839: 837: 833: 829: 828:Martin Edmond 825: 821: 817: 813: 812: 806: 804: 800: 795: 793: 792: 787: 780: 776: 771: 761: 756: 754: 750: 749: 743: 740: 738: 731: 729: 728:Geoffrey Hill 724: 717: 715: 714: 709: 704: 702: 698: 692: 687: 685: 684:Robert Hughes 679: 677: 667: 665: 661: 656: 654: 649: 647: 643: 642: 637: 627: 625: 621: 620:Earle Hackett 616: 614: 610: 605: 603: 598: 594: 593:soon folded. 592: 580: 578: 574: 570: 569:intellectuals 565: 559: 556: 554: 550: 545: 543: 538: 531: 526: 517: 515: 511: 506: 501: 499: 495: 491: 487: 482: 474: 472: 468: 462: 459: 455: 446: 443: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 409: 405: 398:14 March 1918 386: 382: 375: 367: 365: 361: 357: 356: 351: 347: 343: 341: 335: 329: 302: 300: 295: 293: 289: 285: 281: 276: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 257: 251: 237: 223: 209: 207: 203: 199: 198: 192: 190: 186: 183: 179: 175: 165: 163: 159: 155: 151: 150:Robert Hughes 147: 143: 139: 133: 131: 127: 126: 125:cause cĂ©lèbre 121: 117: 113: 108: 107:, Melbourne. 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 81:James McAuley 78: 74: 73:literary hoax 70: 66: 58: 54: 50: 46: 41: 37: 33: 19: 1892:1940s hoaxes 1848: 1811: 1790: 1789:Ern Malley, 1771:. Brisbane: 1768: 1755: 1737: 1729: 1728: 1703: 1693: 1681:. Retrieved 1677: 1667: 1644: 1638: 1615: 1609: 1590: 1584: 1575: 1565: 1555: 1552:David Lehman 1547: 1539: 1527: 1510: 1504: 1493: 1483: 1471:. Retrieved 1467: 1457: 1445:. Retrieved 1438: 1429: 1424:, pp. 30–32. 1409: 1404: 1363: 1353: 1334: 1322: 1306: 1294: 1275: 1270: 1258:. Retrieved 1251: 1247: 1238: 1231:Heyward 1993 1226: 1220:John Tranter 1213: 1204: 1192:. Retrieved 1185: 1162: 1154: 1142:. Retrieved 1135: 1116:Heyward 1993 1111: 1088: 1067: 1059: 1040: 1030: 994:Sidney Nolan 993: 964:Sokal affair 958: 921: 916: 911: 905: 891: 889: 882: 869: 865: 855: 850: 845: 840: 835: 831: 823: 820:Dylan Thomas 809: 807: 802: 796: 791:Daisy, Daisy 789: 784: 775:Sidney Nolan 758: 753:David Lehman 746: 744: 741: 733: 722: 719: 711: 708:John Ashbery 705: 701:Kenneth Koch 694: 689: 680: 675: 673: 663: 659: 657: 650: 640: 633: 617: 612: 608: 606: 599: 595: 590: 587: 577:great poetry 576: 572: 568: 563: 561: 557: 552: 548: 546: 541: 536: 534: 513: 504: 502: 498:Sidney Nolan 493: 490:Dylan Thomas 483: 480: 470: 463: 451: 444: 440:Notable work 412:(1943-07-23) 410:23 July 1943 353: 337: 334:David Brooks 332: 305: 298: 296: 291: 287: 283: 279: 277: 272: 254: 249: 247: 205: 195: 193: 171: 162:David Lehman 158:Sidney Nolan 146:Kenneth Koch 142:John Ashbery 134: 129: 123: 119: 116:Heide Circle 109: 68: 64: 62: 52: 49:Sidney Nolan 44: 36: 1808:McQueen, H. 1752:David Lewis 1591:Malarky Dry 1008:, pp. 96–97 918:Stephen Orr 885:Garry Shead 868:. In 2005, 852:Peter Carey 824:Malarky Dry 697:Locus Solus 551:devoted to 486:W. H. Auden 423:Nationality 265:Peter Lalor 197:avant-garde 154:Peter Carey 32:Ernst Mally 1866:Categories 1285:0207179778 1260:17 October 996:. Sydney: 975:References 874:Lally Katz 542:Sunday Sun 537:Daily Mail 530:Joy Hester 467:Max Harris 394:1918-03-14 261:malleefowl 168:Background 97:Max Harris 18:Ern Malley 1388:1833-7538 1025:, 1998. " 1023:Lehman D. 779:Ned Kelly 624:Ned Kelly 573:Bohemians 454:Petersham 346:Symbolism 182:left-wing 101:John Reed 93:modernist 1797:, 2017, 1767:(2011). 1757:Quadrant 1701:(2014). 1678:aCOMMENT 1468:aCOMMENT 1447:17 April 1416:, 2009. 1396:70677943 1194:17 April 1144:17 April 1134:. Fact. 1074:Archives 1035:, No. 17 1000:, 2007. 928:See also 844:'s play 811:Overland 794:(1955). 664:intended 641:Quadrant 348:and the 286:, and a 202:Adelaide 178:Bohemian 1850:The Age 1730:Sources 1683:19 July 1576:Filmink 1473:24 July 1253:The Sun 902:studies 781:series. 755:wrote, 686:wrote: 426:British 1801:  1779:  1715:  1655:  1626:  1597:  1440:Jacket 1420:  1394:  1386:  1376:  1341:  1282:  1215:Jacket 1187:Jacket 1137:Jacket 1099:  1032:Jacket 1004:  713:Jacket 514:On Dit 434:Poetry 256:mallee 185:revues 1704:Cairo 1515:(PDF) 1029:" in 898:theft 893:Cairo 653:haiku 358:, by 112:verse 105:Heide 103:, of 1799:ISBN 1777:ISBN 1713:ISBN 1685:2014 1653:ISBN 1624:ISBN 1595:ISBN 1519:MCAT 1475:2014 1449:2021 1418:ISBN 1392:OCLC 1384:ISSN 1374:ISBN 1339:ISBN 1280:ISBN 1262:2017 1196:2021 1146:2021 1097:ISBN 1002:ISBN 904:for 571:and 407:Died 384:Born 362:and 282:, a 156:and 148:and 91:, a 83:and 77:poet 63:The 1550:by 1072:ABC 745:In 488:or 469:of 187:at 1868:: 1810:, 1775:. 1707:. 1676:. 1651:. 1618:. 1574:. 1554:, 1492:. 1466:. 1437:. 1390:. 1382:. 1372:. 1362:. 1333:. 1313:, 1250:. 1212:, 1184:. 1172:^ 1123:^ 1095:. 1079:^ 1066:, 1047:, 1013:^ 983:^ 914:. 880:. 838:. 814:, 805:. 751:, 716:: 699:, 604:. 352:, 208:. 191:. 144:, 1785:. 1721:. 1687:. 1661:. 1632:. 1603:. 1578:. 1517:( 1498:. 1477:. 1451:. 1398:. 1347:. 1288:. 1198:. 1148:. 1105:. 396:) 392:( 59:. 34:. 20:)

Index

Ern Malley
Ernst Mally

Sidney Nolan
Heide Museum of Modern Art
literary hoax
poet
James McAuley
Harold Stewart
Angry Penguins
modernist
Max Harris
John Reed
Heide
verse
Heide Circle
cause célèbre
surrealist poetry
John Ashbery
Kenneth Koch
Robert Hughes
Peter Carey
Sidney Nolan
David Lehman
Directorate of Research and Civil Affairs
Bohemian
left-wing
revues
Sydney University
avant-garde

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