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390:
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456:, the floral meristem identity gene expression is absent due to the lack of GAs from EaGA3ox1. It was found that when GAs were experimentally sprayed onto the plant, flowering was induced. Thus, it is likely safe to assume that none of the plants seen in modern cultivation have truly been grown from seed. However, it is far more efficient to simply multiply an existing plant by dividing it; the species is well-known for its ease of propagation via vegetative growth, developing roots rapidly through cuttings, either rooted in water or grown directly in a well-aerated substrate, such as
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33:
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sunlight burn the leaves. It lives well with a temperature between 17 and 30 °C (63 and 86 °F). Generally, the plant will only need watering when the soil feels dry to the touch (typically once every one to two weeks). A liquid fertilizer can be added in the spring and it must be replanted every two years, or when it becomes too rootbound. However, it is a very robust plant, and will survive bad growing conditions. The plant grows rapidly in hydroponic culture.
698:
516:
As an indoor plant it can reach more than 2 metres (2 yd) in height if given the adequate support (a trellis or moss pole to climb), but hardly develops adult-sized leaves. The best results are achieved by providing indirect light; it tolerates an intense luminosity, but long periods of direct
484:
from the
Society Islands. However, it is now wild in many tropical countries. The following ranges are indicated: Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Hainan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Singapore, Java, Maluku Islands, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Sumatra,
423:
up to 23 cm (9 in) long. This plant produces trailing stems when it climbs up trees and these take root when they reach the ground and grow along with it. The leaves on these trailing stems grow up to 10 cm (4 in) long and are the ones normally seen on this plant when it is
668:
found the species to be a potential risk of becoming an invasive species along the coasts of South Africa. It suggested a number of different ways to prevent the spreading of the species in the wild, one of which included barring the cultivation of the species outside of an unsupervised area.
512:
In temperate regions, it is a popular houseplant with numerous cultivars selected for leaves with white, yellow, or light green variegation. It is often used in decorative displays in shopping centers, offices, and other public locations largely because it requires little care and is also
1136:
Qu, Luping; Chen, Jianjn; Henny, Richard J.; Huang, Yingfeng; Caldwell, Russell D.; Robinson, Cynthia A. (May 2002). "Thidiazuron promotes adventitious shoot regeneration from pothos (Epipremnum aureum) leaf and petiole explants".
673:
cannot propagate on a large scale due to its lack of seed banks as well as its minimal immunity to herbicides. If the plant is maintained in a controlled area, it is not as significant a threat as when it grows freely in the wild.
266:
in tropical and sub-tropical forests worldwide, including northern South Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the
Pacific Islands and the West Indies, where it has caused severe ecological damage in some cases.
570:
The plant is sometimes used in aquariums, placed on top of the aquarium, and allowed to grow roots in the water. This is beneficial to the plant and the aquarium as it absorbs nitrates, using them for growth.
587:
There are several cultivars known in the houseplant community. Common varieties include 'Golden Pothos', 'Neon', 'N'Joy', 'Pearls n' Jade', 'Marble Queen', 'Jade', 'Manjula', 'Global Green', and 'Jessenia'.
661:, Sri Lanka, and other places where it has been planted as a decorative plant, or to hold steep banks along roads. It was included in the Florida Exotic Pest Control Council's 1999 list of invasive species.
974:
444:) that does not readily bloom, if at all. Regardless of where this “shy-flowering” plant is grown, or what the conditions are like, it will apparently not flower due to a genetic impairment of the
373:
and synonymised it with that species. Only after closer observation of the entirety of the plant, including the leaves and growth patterns, did researchers again separate it from
1292:"'W. De Costa, H. Hitanayake and I. Dharmawardena, "A Physiological Investigation into the Invasive Behaviour of Some Plant Species in a Mid-Country Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka""
619:(eczema) as well as burning and/or swelling of the region inside of and surrounding the mouth. Excessive contact with the plant can also lead to general skin irritation or
416:
on mature plants, up to 100 cm (39 in) long and 45 cm (18 in) broad; juvenile leaves are much smaller, typically under 20 cm (8 in) long.
1030:
Hung, Qiu, Sun, Chen, Kittur, Henny, Jin, Fan & Xie, Chiu-Yueh, Jie, Ying-Hsuan, Jianjun, Farooqahmed S., Richard J., Gule, Longjiang & Jiahua (27 June 2016).
224:
179:
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Philippines, Solomon
Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Queensland, Marshall Islands, Hawaii, Palau, Fiji, Tonga, Cook Islands, and Western Samoa.
329:
in many parts of Asia. It rarely flowers without artificial hormone supplements; the last known spontaneous flowering in cultivation was reported in 1964.
634:
can become a highly invasive species when introduced into tropical countries where it is not native. In Sri Lanka, it overgrows several hectares of the
567:
in controlled circumstances (e.g. a sealed room). A study found that this effect declined as the molecular weight of the polluting substance increased.
1291:
448:, EaGA3ox1. This impairment causes the plant to be unable to develop bioactive GAs, which are responsible for the flowering of plants, via the floral
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604:. Care should be taken to ensure the plant is not consumed by pets. Symptoms may include oral irritation, vomiting, and difficulty in swallowing.
1841:
1621:
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Sawada, Ayako; Oyabu, Takashi (2008). "Purification characteristics of pothos for airborne chemicals in growing conditions and its evaluation".
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1936:
642:. Having no natural enemies, it completely overgrows the forest floor as well as the trunks of trees, causing severe ecological disruption.
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in the
Society Islands of French Polynesia. The species is a popular houseplant in temperate regions but has also become
440:, which typically produce flowers at some point in their life cycle, it is the only reported species in its family (
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attractively leafy. In tropical countries, it is found in many parks and gardens, and tends to grow naturally.
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within the plant, it can be mildly toxic to humans as well. Possible side effects from the consumption of
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This species has been assigned to a number of genera. In 1880 when it was first described, it was named
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779:
774:
50:
1416:
Xu, Zhongjun; Wang, Li; Hou, Haiping (May 2011). "Formaldehyde removal by potted plant–soil systems".
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1941:
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because it is very hardy and stays green even when kept in the dark. It is sometimes simply labelled
367:. However, after closer examination of the flower, researchers noticed its heightened similarity to
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468:. Additional methods of propagation include whole-plant divisions or root divisions, as well as
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growing to 20 m (66 ft) tall, with stems up to 4 cm (2 in) in diameter,
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It can be cultivated from a cutting, however, this can carry various diseases such as
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1362:"Assessing and managing the threat posed by Epipremnum aureum in South Africa"
806:"Assessing and managing the threat posed by Epipremnum aureum in South Africa"
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are alternate, heart-shaped, entire on juvenile plants, but irregularly
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Wolverton, BC (1996) How to Grow Fresh Air . New York: Penguin Books.
924:"बरकत के साथ नुकसान भी कर सकता है मनी प्लांट, जानिए कैसे - Hindustan"
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1032:"Gibberellin deficiency is responsible for shy-flowering nature of
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An illustration from 1871 described by Linden & André as
62:
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1246:"Molecular and physiological role of Epipremnum aureum"
876:"Molecular and physiological role of Epipermnum aureum"
804:
Moodley, D.; Procheş, Ş.; Wilson, J.R.U. (2017-03-01).
332:
1360:
D. Moodley, Ş. Procheş, J.R.U. Wilson (January 2017).
1341:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
1139:
In Vitro
Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant
1115:"Growing Hydroponic Money Plant (Devil's Ivy/Pothos)"
657:
It has also invaded the
Kurulukele Forest Reserve in
596:
The plant is listed as toxic to cats and dogs by the
1008:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 35
803:
1243:
873:
799:
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363:was observed in 1962, it was given the new name of
669:Additionally, however, the study pointed out that
1244:Meshram, Srivastava, Anju, Nidhi (Apr–Jun 2014).
975:"A Review of Epipremnum (Araceae) in Cultivation"
874:Meshram, Srivastava, Anju, Nidhi (Apr–Jun 2014).
408:using aerial roots which adhere to surfaces. The
270:The plant has a number of common names including
1913:
1135:
794:
547:The plant can remove indoor pollutants such as
1392:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1276:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1090:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
908:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
480:Originally, it was endemic to the island of
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325:in plant stores. It is commonly known as a
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31:
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1250:International Journal of Green Pharmacy
881:International Journal of Green Pharmacy
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600:, because of the presence of insoluble
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1914:
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1449:
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1339:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
949:"বারান্দায় সবুজের মেলা | কালের কণ্ঠ"
730:Pearls & Jade variegated cultivar
1927:Endemic flora of the Society Islands
1676:af27e1d4-9148-45e9-ac96-d87500ca8f9a
1319:
1025:
1023:
838:
1937:Invasive plant species in Sri Lanka
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626:
40:Epipremnum aureum or golden pothos
13:
1299:JNSFSL, 2001, 29 (1 & 2):35–50
946:
446:gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic gene
14:
1958:
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1020:
972:
770:(Linden & André) G.S.Bunting"
1175:, Penguin Books, New York, 1997.
735:
723:
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696:
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254:is a species in the arum family
49:
1873:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:88159-1
1715:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:87014-1
1366:South African Journal of Botany
1353:
1237:
1178:
1165:
1129:
1107:
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810:South African Journal of Botany
666:South African Journal of Botany
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1418:Journal of Hazardous Materials
1412:- discusses care of this plant
1207:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.028
995:
966:
940:
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424:cultivated as a potted plant.
419:The flowers are produced in a
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1:
1430:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.05.020
855:. Royal Horticultural Society
747:
574:
313:or mistakenly labelled as a
7:
591:
10:
1963:
1379:10.1016/j.sajb.2016.12.005
823:10.1016/j.sajb.2016.12.005
780:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
775:Plants of the World Online
677:
1764:
1457:
1003:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
664:A study published in the
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187:
160:
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46:Scientific classification
44:
39:
30:
23:
1263:10.4103/0973-8258.129566
895:10.4103/0973-8258.129566
691:Foliage and stems adults
583:'Marble Queen' Cultivar
532:(Rhizoctonia foot rot),
452:identity gene EaLFY. In
214:Linden & André, 1880
1410:Pothos Production Guide
1187:Atmospheric Environment
636:Udawatta Kele Sanctuary
654:
584:
509:
498:
394:
352:
1173:How To Grow Fresh Air
648:
582:
534:Pseudomonas leaf spot
508:in a small glass vase
504:
496:
392:
377:, and classify it as
347:
340:History and etymology
334:Award of Garden Merit
236:(Linden & André)
223:(Linden & André)
530:Rhizoctonia root rot
489:Cultivation and uses
436:is classified as an
428:Shy-flowering nature
298:. It is also called
198:Epipremnum mooreense
1333:Epipremnum pinnatum
1199:2008AtmEn..42..594S
1052:2016NatSR...628598H
651:Udawattakele Forest
370:Epipremnum pinnatum
365:Rhaphidophora aurea
292:Solomon Islands ivy
219:Rhaphidophora aurea
1151:10.1079/IVP2001270
1040:Scientific Reports
742:Trailing on a wall
705:Roystonea oleracea
655:
621:contact dermatitis
585:
542:Xanthomonas blight
510:
499:
395:
353:
1909:
1908:
1684:Open Tree of Life
1489:Epipremnum aureum
1459:Epipremnum aureum
1451:Taxon identifiers
1171:Wolverton, B. C.
1060:10.1038/srep28598
1034:Epipremnum aureum
851:Epipremnum aureum
768:Epipremnum aureum
718:Young leaf growth
632:Epipremnum aureum
617:atopic dermatitis
522:Erwinia leaf spot
398:Epipremnum aureum
393:Induced flowering
251:Epipremnum aureum
247:
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232:Scindapsus aureus
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164:Epipremnum aureum
25:Epipremnum aureum
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1942:Low light plants
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1301:. Archived from
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1117:. Gardening Tips
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526:Pythium root rot
497:'Neon' Cultivar
400:is an evergreen
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1404:External links
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973:Boyce, Peter.
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472:propagation.
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466:sphagnum moss
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361:inflorescence
358:
357:Pothos aureus
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280:hunter's robe
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272:golden pothos
268:
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210:Pothos aureus
208:
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155:Binomial name
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26:
22:
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1932:House plants
1765:
1458:
1424:(1): 314–8.
1421:
1417:
1388:cite journal
1369:
1365:
1355:
1343:. Retrieved
1338:
1332:
1321:
1310:. Retrieved
1303:the original
1298:
1286:
1272:cite journal
1256:(2): 73–76.
1253:
1249:
1239:
1228:. Retrieved
1224:
1221:"Devils Ivy"
1215:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1172:
1167:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1119:. Retrieved
1109:
1100:
1086:cite journal
1043:
1039:
1033:
1010:. Retrieved
997:
985:. Retrieved
981:
968:
957:. Retrieved
955:(in Bengali)
952:
942:
931:. Retrieved
927:
918:
904:cite journal
888:(2): 73–76.
885:
879:
869:
857:. Retrieved
850:
813:
809:
784:. Retrieved
773:
767:
670:
663:
656:
653:in Sri Lanka
649:Overgrowing
631:
630:
612:
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569:
549:formaldehyde
546:
519:
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479:
476:Distribution
453:
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378:
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368:
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331:
326:
320:
316:Philodendron
314:
307:
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300:devil's vine
299:
295:
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287:
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279:
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258:, native to
250:
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163:
161:
145:
144:
132:
95:
82:
69:
24:
18:
1596:iNaturalist
1483:Wikispecies
1372:: 178–188.
1345:December 6,
953:Kalerkantho
816:: 178–188.
786:15 December
703:Climbing a
607:Due to the
462:vermiculite
460:mixed with
385:Description
375:E. pinnatum
327:money plant
304:devil's ivy
288:silver vine
264:naturalised
180:G.S.Bunting
112:Alismatales
89:Angiosperms
1922:Epipremnum
1916:Categories
1697:Plant List
1327:USDA, NRCS
1312:2009-03-11
1230:2009-03-11
1012:6 February
987:12 January
959:2017-02-10
933:2017-02-10
748:References
464:, or even
438:angiosperm
414:pinnatifid
322:Scindapsus
133:Epipremnum
1781:Q38471138
1702:kew-70476
1562:200027278
1225:ASPCA.org
1046:: 28598.
982:aroid.org
832:0254-6299
671:E. aureum
613:E. aureum
575:Cultivars
506:E. aureum
454:E. aureum
434:E. aureum
379:E. aureum
296:taro vine
140:Species:
59:Kingdom:
1881:Tropicos
1847:11071215
1775:Wikidata
1736:Tropicos
1627:10251865
1507:BioLib:
1468:Wikidata
1438:21641719
1329:(n.d.).
1159:23347421
1078:27345283
602:raphides
592:Toxicity
450:meristem
406:climbing
284:ivy arum
189:Synonyms
118:Family:
102:Monocots
1947:Mo'orea
1886:2103644
1834:88159-1
1808:5330272
1741:2102769
1648:MoBotPF
1614:87014-1
1575:2868323
1549:1098417
1474:Q161809
1195:Bibcode
1121:28 June
1069:4921968
1048:Bibcode
678:Gallery
659:Kegalla
565:benzene
557:toluene
482:Mo'orea
458:perlite
442:Araceae
260:Mo'orea
256:Araceae
225:Birdsey
203:Nadeaud
128:Genus:
122:Araceae
108:Order:
63:Plantae
1860:811058
1821:315462
1689:679344
1673:NZOR:
1653:276360
1640:512937
1588:315461
1523:403443
1510:991073
1497:APDB:
1436:
1157:
1076:
1066:
859:7 June
830:
782:. 2023
563:, and
561:xylene
540:, and
432:While
421:spathe
410:leaves
309:Pothos
294:, and
240:, 1908
227:, 1963
205:, 1899
182:, 1964
174:&
172:Linden
1842:IRMNG
1795:787DH
1728:91403
1666:78380
1622:IRMNG
1601:69223
1536:6FWKS
1500:33465
1306:(PDF)
1295:(PDF)
1155:S2CID
1006:(PDF)
978:(PDF)
640:Kandy
598:ASPCA
238:Engl.
176:André
96:Clade
83:Clade
70:Clade
1868:POWO
1855:ITIS
1829:IPNI
1816:GRIN
1803:GBIF
1710:POWO
1661:NCBI
1635:ITIS
1609:IPNI
1583:GRIN
1570:GBIF
1518:BOLD
1434:PMID
1394:link
1347:2015
1278:link
1123:2023
1092:link
1074:PMID
1014:2018
989:2019
910:link
861:2020
828:ISSN
788:2023
615:are
402:vine
1894:WFO
1790:CoL
1749:WFO
1723:RHS
1557:FNA
1544:EoL
1531:CoL
1426:doi
1422:192
1374:doi
1370:109
1258:doi
1203:doi
1147:doi
1064:PMC
1056:doi
890:doi
818:doi
814:109
638:in
319:or
302:or
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