55:
mentions that there was a hierarchy of classes superposed one above the other in the
Spartan society. If the Helots and the Laconians are left out, the hierarchy would be as follows: first there were the Neodamodes (former slaves freed), then the Epeunactae, then the Mothaces (very similar to
42:, the Lacedaemonians lost many men. Being afraid that their enemies will become aware of their situation, they "put Helots into the beds of those who were dead" (that's why the name, from ἐπὶ (into) and εὐνὴ (bed)). Afterwards, they made those men citizens.
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35:
who either slept with the widows of
Spartans when Sparta had manpower shortage because of war casualties, or outright replaced the fallen Spartans as soldiers.
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49:, there were people who were called Catonacophori (κατωνακοφόροι) who were very similar to the Epeunacti.
56:
domestic clients) and then the bastards (who though descended from true
Spartans, were separated).
123:
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Ancient City- A Study on the Religion, Laws, and Institutions of Greece and Rome.djvu/466
20:
8:
89:
Harry
Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898), Epeunacti
134:
39:
31:(ἐπευνακταί), were a class of citizens in ancient Sparta. They were
46:
32:
112:
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman
Antiquities (1890), Epeunacti
101:A History of Sparta (Archaic and Classic Periods)
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78:Athenaeus, The Deipnosophists, 6.101
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53:Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges
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146:Slavery in ancient Greece
141:Social classes of Sparta
38:During a war with the
99:L. G. Pechatnova,
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135:Categories
60:References
40:Messenians
29:Epeunactae
25:ἐπεύνακτοι
17:Epeunacti
47:Sicyon
33:Helots
27:) or
45:In
137::
68:^
23::
19:(
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