113:. After his death the bishop Israel of Kashkar arrived and summoned the fathers to the customary synod. Many of the faithful decided to vote for him and elect him patriarch, thinking that as a learned and honest man, who was widely admired by the Christians, he deserved that dignity. But Enosh, metropolitan of Mosul, a learned and bold man, came forward to claim the patriarchate for himself, and many of the faithful decided to vote for him. A party was formed to support him, the people were divided into two camps, and discords and evils arose. The people boldly inveighed against the nobles, and each candidate asked the friends of the sultan to support his own bid. Meanwhile, the public peace was also disturbed by al-ʿAlawi of Basra. Then the governor of Baghdad sent a man to bring Israel from Samarra to Baghdad, and told him not to say a word about the patriarchate if the Christians asked him about it. When Israel was descending from the bema during the singing of the responses of the liturgy, one of the supporters of Enosh lost all fear of God, and in the press of the large crowd seized and crushed his testicles. He was carried away in a faint, and after lying ill for forty days he eventually died, and was buried in the chapel of the martyrs in the old church of the monastery of Mar Pethion.
1017:
101:. When two men met, one would ask, 'Are you for Enosh or for Israel?' If the other man gave the wrong answer, the questioner punched him and kicked him as hard as he could. The scribes and the doctors of the caliph took the part of Enosh, and removed Israel. Enosh was thereupon consecrated at Seleucia after the feast of Epiphany in the year 263 of the Arabs .
143:
The most notable event of Enosh's reign was the 'discovery' in 878 at
Birmantha, by a Nestorian monk named Habib, of a treaty nearly two hundred and fifty years old, written in Arabic on a yellowing oxhide, between Muhammad and the Christians of Najran. This treaty, which bore Muhammad's seal,
138:
When the people of al-Hira and the people of
Kashkar began to argue in the church of Asbagh in the Greek Palace over their prerogatives, Enosh considered the claims of both sides, arbitrated between them, gave a written decision which was accepted as having official force, and threatened
144:
promised the
Christians freedom of worship, exemption from military service, and privileges for monks and women. Some modern scholars believe that this 'treaty' was forged by the Nestorians in an attempt to secure better treatment for Christians living under Muslim rule.
54:
1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the
Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), ʿAmr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century). An important incident during Enosh's reign is also mentioned in the
405:
1040:
139:
transgressors with anathematisation. His decision was confirmed by several later synods, the last of which was held in the time of Ibn ʿAli al-Khazin.
134:
Mari has little more to say about Enosh's reign, and mentions only that he adjudicated a dispute between the
Nestorians of Hirta (al-Hira) and Kashkar:
93:
died, after fulfilling his office for twelve years. After their church remained widowed for four years, he was succeeded by Enosh, the metropolitan of
398:
94:
1050:
1055:
435:
391:
361:
153:
31:
17:
61:, an ecclesiastical history probably written towards the end of the ninth century. Modern assessments of Enosh's reign can be found in
414:
795:
926:
800:
756:
751:
741:
880:
865:
718:
664:
860:
835:
644:
623:
579:
98:
297:
Maris, Amri, et
Salibae: De Patriarchis Nestorianorum Commentaria II: Maris textus arabicus et versio Latina
805:
761:
618:
599:
594:
344:
110:
97:. A great dissension arose among the people, with some calling for Enosh and others for Israel, bishop of
90:
1045:
703:
589:
584:
544:
815:
608:
559:
290:
Maris, Amri, et
Salibae: De Patriarchis Nestorianorum Commentaria I: Amri et Salibae Textus
8:
1021:
1003:
313:
309:
679:
475:
418:
383:
335:
57:
766:
508:
62:
305:(ed. and tr.). "Histoire nestorienne inédite: Chronique de Séert. Seconde partie."
81:
The following account of Enosh's controversial election is given by Bar
Hebraeus:
451:
921:
518:
499:
456:
430:
86:
1034:
896:
126:
The catholicus Enosh, having fulfilled his office, died at the beginning of
122:
Bar
Hebraeus gave only the briefest of notices of Enosh's seven-year reign:
845:
840:
785:
736:
659:
554:
302:
47:
630:
105:
A slightly more substantial account of Enosh's election is given by Mari:
911:
901:
870:
830:
825:
790:
780:
746:
713:
649:
371:
966:
906:
875:
855:
850:
820:
688:
674:
669:
639:
628:
461:
998:
979:
940:
810:
283:
Chrétiens syriaques sous les
Abbassides, surtout à Bagdad (749–1258)
988:
953:
935:
708:
654:
564:
513:
494:
489:
1016:
993:
916:
693:
574:
569:
528:
523:
480:
698:
613:
470:
549:
269:
De Catholicis seu Patriarchis Chaldaeorum et Nestorianorum
413:
321:
The Martyred Church: A History of the Church of the East
85:
At about the same time, in the third year of the caliph
42:
Brief accounts of Enosh's patriarchate are given in the
1032:
276:Eliae Metropolitae Nisibeni Opus Chronologicum
1041:9th-century bishops of the Church of the East
399:
109:Enosh was appointed metropolitan of Mosul by
154:List of patriarchs of the Church of the East
406:
392:
173:Chrétiens syriaques sous les Abbassides
117:
67:Chrétiens syriaques sous les Abbassides
14:
1033:
262:Bar Hebraeus, Chronicon Ecclesiasticum
387:
1051:Patriarchs of the Church of the East
1056:Nestorians in the Abbasid Caliphate
76:
32:Patriarch of the Church of the East
24:
260:Abbeloos, J. B., and Lamy, T. J.,
25:
1067:
327:
192:(ed. Abeloos and Lamy), ii. 206–8
1015:
362:Catholicos-Patriarch of the East
1004:Shemʿon VII Ishoʿyahb (1539–58)
214:(ed. Abeloos and Lamy), ii. 210
130:in the year 270 of the Arabs .
238:
226:
217:
204:
195:
182:
165:
13:
1:
254:
223:Mari, 81 (Arabic); 72 (Latin)
201:Mari, 81 (Arabic); 72 (Latin)
509:Shemʿon Bar Sabbaʿe (329–41)
7:
631:
147:
89:, the Nestorian catholicus
18:Enosh (Nestorian patriarch)
10:
1072:
922:Yahballaha III (1281–1317)
37:
1012:
897:Yahballaha II (1190–1222)
889:
729:
537:
444:
425:
368:
359:
341:
336:Church of the East titles
334:
936:Denha II (1336/7–1381/2)
212:Ecclesiastical Chronicle
190:Ecclesiastical Chronicle
159:
44:Ecclesiastical Chronicle
1022:Christianity portal
871:ʿAbdishoʿ III (1139–48)
846:Sabrishoʿ III (1064–72)
69:and David Wilmshurst's
46:of the Jacobite writer
856:Makkikha I (1092–1110)
851:ʿAbdishoʿ II (1074–90)
841:Yohannan VII (1049–57)
660:Ishoʿyahb III (649–59)
175:, 112–14; Wilmshurst,
141:
132:
115:
103:
989:Shemʿon V (1497–1502)
912:Makkikha II (1257–65)
907:Sabrishoʿ V (1226–56)
902:Sabrishoʿ IV (1222–5)
876:Ishoʿyahb V (1149–75)
831:Ishoʿyahb IV (1020–5)
826:Yohannan VI (1012–20)
737:Ishoʿ bar Nun (823–8)
714:Hnanishoʿ II (773–80)
650:Ishoʿyahb II (628–45)
640:Sabrishoʿ I (596–604)
555:Yahballaha I (415–20)
307:Patrologia Orientalis
264:(3 vols, Paris, 1877)
136:
124:
107:
83:
34:between 877 and 884.
999:Shemʿon VI (1504–38)
821:Yohannan V (1000–11)
811:ʿAbdishoʿ I (963–86)
796:Abraham III (906–37)
791:Yohannan IV (900–05)
786:Yohannan III (893–9)
781:Yohannan II (884–91)
747:Sabrishoʿ II (831–5)
742:Giwargis II (828–31)
675:Hnanishoʿ I (686–98)
118:Enosh's patriarchate
980:Shemʿon IV Basidi (
890:13th–16th centuries
881:Eliya III (1176–90)
801:Emmanuel I (937–60)
752:Abraham II (837–50)
719:Timothy I (780–823)
689:Sliba-zkha (714–28)
665:Giwargis I (661–80)
519:Barbaʿshmin (343–6)
319:Wilmshurst, David,
246:The Martyred Church
177:The Martyred Church
71:The Martyred Church
1046:9th-century deaths
866:Bar Sawma (1134–6)
861:Eliya II (1111–32)
767:Israel of Kashkar
757:Theodosius (853–8)
730:9th–12th centuries
709:Yaʿqob II (753–73)
670:Yohannan I (680–3)
419:Church of the East
233:Chronicle of Seert
58:Chronicle of Seert
1028:
1027:
927:Timothy II (1318–
917:Denha I (1265–81)
836:Eliya I (1028–49)
570:Dadishoʿ (421–56)
538:5th–8th centuries
490:Ahadabui (204–20)
445:1st–4th centuries
382:
381:
369:Succeeded by
267:Assemani, J. A.,
63:Jean-Maurice Fiey
16:(Redirected from
1063:
1020:
1019:
994:Eliya V (1503–4)
694:Pethion (731–40)
655:Maremmeh (646–9)
634:
624:Ezekiel (570–81)
595:Elishaʿ (524–37)
580:Acacius (485–96)
575:Babowai (457–84)
529:Qayyoma (377–99)
524:Tomarsa (363–71)
514:Shahdost (341–3)
495:Shahlufa (220–4)
476:Abraham (159–71)
408:
401:
394:
385:
384:
342:Preceded by
332:
331:
249:
242:
236:
230:
224:
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199:
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77:Enosh's election
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1071:
1070:
1066:
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1062:
1061:
1060:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1014:
1008:
885:
762:Sargis (860–72)
725:
699:Aba II (741–51)
680:Yohannan Garba
645:Gregory (605–9)
635:yahb I (582–95)
619:Joseph (552–67)
585:Babai (497–503)
545:Isaac (399–410)
533:
440:
421:
412:
378:
376:(884–891)
374:
365:
357:
355:(872–877)
354:
350:
349:(860–872)
347:
330:
323:(London, 2011).
285:(Louvain, 1980)
274:Brooks, E. W.,
257:
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170:
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150:
120:
79:
40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1069:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1026:
1025:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1007:
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991:
986:
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893:
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838:
833:
828:
823:
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783:
778:
776:Enosh (877–84)
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733:
731:
727:
726:
724:
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691:
686:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
626:
621:
616:
614:Aba I (540–52)
611:
606:
597:
592:
590:Shila (503–23)
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
565:Farbokht (421)
562:
557:
552:
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541:
539:
535:
534:
532:
531:
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516:
511:
506:
497:
492:
487:
478:
473:
471:Abris (121–37)
468:
459:
454:
448:
446:
442:
441:
439:
438:
433:
431:schism of 1552
426:
423:
422:
411:
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396:
388:
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370:
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366:877–884
358:
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328:External links
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816:Mari (987–99)
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550:Ahha (410–14)
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517:
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458:
457:Aggai (66–87)
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88:
82:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
59:
53:
49:
45:
35:
33:
29:
19:
981:
972:
968:
959:
955:
946:
942:
941:Shemʿon II (
928:
806:Israel (961)
775:
768:
681:
601:
501:
482:
463:
375:
360:
351:
348:
320:
306:
303:Scher, Addai
299:(Rome, 1899)
296:
292:(Rome, 1896)
289:
282:
278:(Rome, 1910)
275:
271:(Rome, 1775)
268:
261:
245:
244:Wilmshurst,
240:
232:
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219:
211:
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142:
137:
133:
127:
125:
121:
108:
104:
84:
80:
70:
66:
56:
51:
48:Bar Hebraeus
43:
41:
27:
26:
704:Surin (753)
560:Maʿna (420)
372:Yohannan II
314:13.4 (1919)
235:, ii. 281–7
87:al-Muʿtamid
1035:Categories
984:1450–1497)
954:Eliya IV (
609:Paul (539)
481:Yaʿqob I (
429:Until the
415:Patriarchs
310:7.2 (1911)
255:References
436:Full list
769:intrusus
682:intrusus
604:(524–37)
602:intrusus
504:280–317)
148:See also
684:(691–3)
600:Narsai
417:of the
248:, 150–1
179:, 150–1
99:Kashkar
52:floruit
38:Sources
500:Papa (
462:Mari (
352:Vacant
345:Sargis
171:Fiey,
128:hziran
111:Sargis
91:Sargis
975:1450)
971:1425–
962:1425)
958:1405–
949:1405)
945:1385–
931:1332)
771:(877)
452:Addai
160:Notes
95:Mosul
28:Enosh
629:Isho
485:190)
466:104)
30:was
464:ob.
65:'s
1037::
982:c.
973:c.
969:c.
960:c.
956:c.
947:c.
943:c.
929:c.
502:c.
483:c.
312:,
73:.
632:ʿ
407:e
400:t
393:v
316:.
50:(
20:)
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