732:) the Prince of Wuling, whose interest in military matters made Huan concerned that he would oppose Huan. Huan therefore falsely accused him of plotting treason, and Emperor Jianwen agreed to remove Sima Xi from his posts. Subsequently, however, Huan manufactured evidence against Sima Xi and petitioned that he be put to death. Emperor Jianwen wrote to Huan, stating that he did not want to kill his brother—and that if he was forced to, he would instead yield the throne. Huan, not willing to risk a confrontation, settled for having Sima Xi and his sons demoted to commoner status and exiled.
604:), also died in distress. (She might have also been imprisoned prior to her death) His other sons, one by Princess Wang and three by various concubines, died early, and he was left without an heir, and his concubines were not conceiving any more. He retained a magician to look at his concubines to see which one could conceive an heir, and the magician looked at all of them and opined that none was destined to give him an heir—but then he saw a dark-skinned maid who was working with textiles, who was derogatorily referred to as a
25:
514:, had been forced to leave the palace due to Princess Yu's jealousy while she was still alive, Consort Zheng was effectively the mistress of the palace, although she never carried the title of empress. In 322, Emperor Yuan created him the Prince of Langya—the same title that Emperor Yuan had earlier, which was therefore considered a special honor.
627:'s collapse were being rebuffed by Sima Yu and Yin, who were concerned about his expanding power, and mobilized his troops and gestured as if he were about to attack the capital. Yin was shocked, and initially considered either resigning or send the imperial banner of peace (Zouyu Fan, 騶虞幡) to order Huan to stop. After advice from Wang Biaozhi (
585:, who was considered able, to join him and Cai in making important decisions, to counter Huan's influence. In 350, after Cai had repeatedly declined greater honor conferred him by the emperor, Yin accused Cai of disrespecting imperial authority and had him removed, seizing more power than he had before.
636:
After Yin himself launched unsuccessful northern campaigns in 352 and 353—the latter at great loss of life and property—Huan submitted a petition accusing Yin of crimes. The imperial government, led by Sima Yu, felt compelled to depose Yin in 354. From that point on, Sima Yu became the sole prime
717:
and that his sons were actually sons of men that he favored (implying a homosexual relationship between him and those men). In winter 371, Huan forced
Empress Dowager Chu to issue an edict deposing Emperor Fei and replacing him with Sima Yu, who took the throne with trepidation but felt he had no
478:. Both in his service to his grandnephews and in his own reign as emperor, he is generally viewed as a weak-willed figure who showed enough wisdom to continue to survive and extend Jin rule, but whose effectiveness was also compromised by his over-dedication to philosophical discussions of
735:
In summer 372, Emperor
Jianwen grew ill, and repeatedly tried to summon Huan to the capital—perhaps to offer him the throne—but Huan, concerned that it was a trap, continuously declined. Emperor Jianwen soon died, and was succeeded by his 10-year-old son Sima Yao, whom he created
674:, was poisoned by pills given him by magicians, and he could not handle important affairs of state. Empress Dowager Chu again served as regent, but important decisions were made by Sima Yu and Huan Wen. In 365, with the
517:
In 323, Emperor Yuan died. In 326, Consort Zheng also died, and because, as Prince of Langya, Sima Yu was not permitted by law to mourn his mother, he, at age six, requested another title by which he could. His nephew
598:), who was described as careless and frivolous, was accused of unspecified crimes, and he was deposed and imprisoned, and died in imprisonment. Sima Yu's wife and Sima Daosheng's mother, Princess Wang Jianji (
686:, Sima Yu and Huan discussed launching a counterattack to relieve Luoyang, but when Emperor Ai died in spring 365, the plans were cancelled. Emperor Ai was succeeded by his brother
1825:
566:), who declined and recommended Sima Yu instead. He Chong and Sima Yu thus shared the prime minister responsibilities until He Chong's death in 346. He Chong was replaced by
581:, annexing Cheng Han territory to Jin, the imperial government became apprehensive that Huan would use this opportunity to take over. Sima Yu thus invited the official
1602:
740:
right before his death. As Huan himself died in early 373, the threats of a Huan usurpation dissipated, and Jin continued for several decades longer.
641:, one of the successor states to Later Zhao, but after initial successes, he was forced to withdraw as he hesitated at attacking Former Qin's capital
637:
minister, although he was often forced to submit to Huan's wishes on important matters. Later in 354, Huan himself launched a campaign north against
1789:
556:). As it was customary, at this point of Jin history, for there to be two prime ministers, He Chong recommended Empress Dowager Chu's father
1821:
702:. Sima Yu declined on his son's behalf and further himself declined the title of Prince of Langya, continuing to refer to himself as the
1854:
726:
An immediate issue that
Emperor Jianwen had to deal with upon taking the throne was Huan's suspicions toward his older brother Sima Xi (
1859:
713:, he considered another way to showcase his power. He decided to depose Emperor Fei, and he spread false rumors that Emperor Fei was
89:
1595:
61:
42:
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1805:
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1773:
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In late 365, Emperor Fei offered the title Prince of Langya to Sima Yu and further created his heir apparent Sima Yao the
1765:
1588:
612:, and he, in surprised, yelled out, "She is the one!" Sima Yu therefore took her as a concubine, and they had two sons:
1491:
era of his reign. This corresponds to 12 Sep 372 on the Julian calendar. (己未，立会稽王昌明为皇太子，皇子道子为琅邪王，领会稽内史。是日，帝崩于东堂，时年五十三。)
75:
143:
108:
709:
In 369, after Huan Wen launched a major attack against Former Yan but suffered a devastating defeat at the hands of
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1761:
57:
396:
46:
1801:
388:
690:
the Prince of Langya, who took the throne as
Emperor Fei. Sima Yu continued in his role as prime minister.
526:. As he grew in age, he was given a progression of higher and higher posts, although without actual power.
466:. Prior to taking the throne, he had served in important roles in the administrations of his grandnephews
655:
the Prince of Langya ascended the throne as
Emperor Ai. Sima Yu continued in his post as prime minister.
633:), however, he instead asked Sima Yu to write a carefully worded letter to Huan, persuading Huan to stop.
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1612:
1510:
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82:
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1745:
35:
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In 358, Sima Yu offered to resign and return all authority to
Emperor Mu. Emperor Mu declined.
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1757:
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821:
613:
451:
246:
171:
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1466:
era of his reign. This corresponds to 6 Jan 372 on the Julian calendar. (咸安元年冬十一月己酉，即皇帝位。)
714:
664:
577:, without the imperial government's approval, carried out a campaign against and destroyed
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8:
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623:
Around the new year 352, Huan, impatient after his requests to advance north in light of
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In 361, Emperor Mu died without a son, and by order of
Empress Dowager Chu, his cousin
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538:(Emperor Cheng's younger brother), died, and was succeeded by his infant son
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died, Sima Yu served as regent for the three-month mourning period.
506:) had died years earlier (in 312), and the mother of his oldest son
24:
1561:
965:
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463:
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706:, and Emperor Fei did not insist on his taking the greater title.
550:, but she largely followed the advice of prime minister He Chong (
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557:
353:
341:
219:
215:
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479:
404:
455:
1495:, vol.09. Thus by calculation, his birth year should be 320.
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620:
in 353. Sima Yao was subsequently named heir apparent.
1483:, he died aged 53 (by East Asian reckoning) on the
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
765:Empress Jianwenshun, of the Wang clan of Taiyuan (
494:, by his favorite concubine Consort Zheng Achun (
1836:
490:Sima Yu was born in 320, as the youngest son of
16:8th emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty (r. 372)
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1462:day of the 11th month of the 1st year of the
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670:In 364, Emperor Ai, who was obsessed with
427:; 320 – September 12, 372), personal name
854:Married Wang Gu of Langya, Duke Shixing (
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
510:the Crown Prince (later Emperor Ming),
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1341:Empress Dowager Jianwenxuan (d. 326)
812:; 351–400), personal name Lingrong (
573:In 347, after the ambitious general
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
534:In 344, another nephew of Sima Yu,
13:
144:Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty
14:
1876:
771:; d. 348), personal name Jianji (
663:In 363, when Emperor Ai's mother
462:and installed by military leader
450:), was an emperor of the Eastern
1458:, he ascended the throne on the
1232:Emperor Jianwen of Jin (320–372)
880:Sima Yu, Prince Xian of Linchuan
482:and other related philosophies.
458:. He was the younger brother of
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34:needs additional citations for
1855:Jin dynasty (266–420) emperors
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645:and ran out of food supplies.
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1790:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
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682:besieging the important city
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1865:4th-century Chinese monarchs
836:, Prince Wenxiao of Kuaiji (
7:
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980:; 344–386), and had issue (
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378:Empress Dowager Jianwenxuan
153:6 January- 12 September 372
10:
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949:), personal name Daofu (
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58:"Emperor Jianwen of Jin"
1180:Xiahou Guangji (d. 307)
542:. Emperor Mu's mother
1506:Emperor Jianwen of Jin
385:Emperor Jianwen of Jin
124:Emperor Jianwen of Jin
1613:Jin dynasty (266–420)
1573:Emperor Xiaowu of Jin
964:), the second son of
842:; 364–403), fifth son
830:; 362–396), third son
665:Princess Dowager Zhou
1209:Lady Yang of Taishan
1098:Lady Zhuge of Langya
943:Princess Xin'anmin (
908:, of the Wang clan (
761:Consorts and Issue:
214:Gaoping ling (高平陵),
43:improve this article
1122:Emperor Yuan of Jin
544:Empress Dowager Chu
397:traditional Chinese
230:Empress Jianwenshun
1540:Emperor Fei of Jin
1069:Sima Jin (256–290)
994:Princess Wuchang (
955:), third daughter
934:, of the Xu clan (
870:, of the Hu clan (
824:, Emperor Xiaowu (
806:, of the Li clan (
588:In 348, Sima Yu's
389:simplified Chinese
256:Princess Xin'anmin
1832:
1831:
1579:
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1570:Succeeded by
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1396:Lady Wu of Puyang
845:Princess Poyang (
423:Chin Chien-wen-ti
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197:(aged 51–52)
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520:Emperor Cheng
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99:December 2022
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1778:N. Dynasties
1774:S. Dynasties
1703:
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1009:), a son of
982:Empress Anxi
972:Wang Xianzhi
931:
918:Sima Tianliu
917:
905:
900:), sixth son
891:
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790:Sima Yusheng
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738:crown prince
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587:
572:
536:Emperor Kang
533:
516:
492:Emperor Yuan
489:
460:Emperor Ming
441:
428:
422:
420:
410:
408:
384:
383:
369:Emperor Yuan
332:Taizōng (太宗)
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1770:16 Kingdoms
1661:Eastern Jin
1621:Western Jin
1553:Eastern Jin
1481:Book of Jin
1456:Book of Jin
974:of Langya (
711:Murong Chui
672:immortality
616:in 352 and
610:Li Lingrong
476:Emperor Fei
452:Jin dynasty
359:Eastern Jin
326:Temple name
276:Family name
204:Eastern Jin
195:(372-09-12)
162:Emperor Fei
158:Predecessor
1850:372 deaths
1845:320 births
1839:Categories
1762:3 Kingdoms
1442:References
1011:Huan Chong
839:會稽文孝王 司馬道子
834:Sima Daozi
783:會稽思世子 司馬道生
768:簡文順皇后 太原王氏
676:Former Yan
639:Former Qin
625:Later Zhao
618:Sima Daozi
540:Emperor Mu
486:Early life
472:Emperor Ai
468:Emperor Mu
417:Wade–Giles
292:Yu (昱, yù)
288:Given name
251:Sima Daozi
69:newspapers
1720:Huan Xuan
1470:, vol.09.
1290:Zheng Kai
1124:(276–323)
1046:(227–283)
1044:Sima Zhou
809:孝武文皇太后 李氏
680:Murong Ke
579:Cheng Han
508:Sima Shao
301:Era dates
267:Full name
168:Successor
1562:Huan Wen
1267:Zheng He
1021:Ancestry
991:Unknown
970:Married
966:Huan Wen
885:臨川獻王 司馬鬱
827:孝武皇帝 司馬曜
822:Sima Yao
744:Era name
718:choice.
715:impotent
643:Chang'an
614:Sima Yao
608:, named
575:Huan Wen
512:Lady Xun
464:Huan Wen
227:Consorts
200:Jiankang
1704:Jianwen
1493:Jin Shu
1489:Xian'an
1468:Jin Shu
1464:Xian'an
750:Xian'an
688:Sima Yi
684:Luoyang
678:regent
653:Sima Pi
583:Yin Hao
558:Chu Pou
546:became
429:Sima Yu
354:Dynasty
220:Jiangsu
216:Nanjing
83:scholar
1802:W. Xia
1709:Xiaowu
1522:
757:Family
568:Cai Mo
548:regent
480:Taoism
474:, and
442:Daowan
419::
407::
405:pinyin
399::
391::
375:Mother
365:Father
210:Burial
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1746:Shang
1679:Cheng
1566:(372)
1560:with
1524:Died:
1517:Born:
1485:jiwei
1460:jiyou
1006:譙國 桓脩
961:譙國 桓濟
946:新安愍公主
937:淑儀 徐氏
932:Shuyi
911:淑儀 王氏
906:Shuyi
873:淑儀 胡氏
868:Shuyi
857:琊瑯 王嘏
722:Reign
606:Malay
456:China
342:House
240:Issue
150:Reign
90:JSTOR
76:books
1818:Qing
1814:Ming
1810:Yuan
1798:Song
1794:Liao
1786:Tang
1750:Zhou
1731:Gong
1684:Kang
1674:Ming
1669:Yuan
1639:Huai
997:武昌公主
923:司馬天流
897:司馬朱生
848:鄱陽公主
795:司馬俞生
595:司馬道生
401:晉簡文帝
393:晋简文帝
320:簡文皇帝
283:(司馬)
281:Sīmǎ
190:Died
182:Born
142:8th
62:news
1826:PRC
1822:ROC
1806:Jīn
1782:Sui
1766:Jìn
1758:Han
1754:Qin
1742:Xia
1699:Fei
1644:Min
1634:Hui
1557:372
1519:320
729:司馬晞
630:王彪之
601:王簡姬
503:虞孟母
497:鄭阿春
454:in
437:),
434:司馬昱
185:320
45:by
1841::
1824:/
1820:→
1816:→
1812:→
1808:→
1804:/
1800:/
1796:/
1792:→
1788:→
1784:→
1780:→
1776:/
1772:→
1768:/
1764:→
1760:→
1756:→
1752:→
1748:→
1744:→
1726:An
1714:An
1694:Ai
1689:Mu
1629:Wu
1000:)
977:琊瑯
952:道福
940:)
914:)
876:)
851:)
818:)
815:陵容
777:)
774:簡姬
570:.
563:褚裒
553:何充
470:,
447:道萬
415:;
403:;
395:;
290::
278::
218:,
202:,
1722:)
1718:(
1653:晉
1604:e
1597:t
1590:v
984:)
920:(
894:(
882:(
792:(
560:(
444:(
431:(
387:(
136:帝
133:文
130:簡
127:晉
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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