92:. The good and bad times Dr. Persons refer to include the financial aftermath of WWI, the Great Depression, and the unusual capital flows into the U.S. preceding the entry of the U.S. into WWII. Following the war, Goldenweiser continued to have a prominent voice in on-going concerns regarding the great accumulation of gold in the U.S. before and during the war, dealing with inflation as a potential result of the gold accumulation, and the general stabilization of trade and money flows in the aftermath of the war.
20:
142:, in the January 13, 1946 issue, says that, "It is unusual, however, to have contributed so much to public policy and to the minds and works of others over so long a span and retain the anonymity Dr. Goldenweiser has enjoyed....he has succeeded, for the most part, in staying in the background—which is notable for one who has had a marked influence, who was born with wit and acquired wisdom and who is no shrinking Milquetoast."
70:
Bank as an associate statistician. The newly established central bank had only opened for business in mid-November 1914. The
Federal Reserve was to be his employer for the rest of his long career. He was appointed assistant director of research and statistics in 1925 and director in 1926. In 1945 he
131:
In the July 1944 issue of The
Southern Banker, the editor observes that "Dr. Goldenweiser for many years has borne the title of director of research and statistics but his voice carries greater weight than the voice of an ordinary statistician. His views in fact constitute the backlog of the board
75:
from which position he retired in 1946. In his nearly twenty years as the director of research and statistics he had a major influence on the development of U.S. monetary and banking policies, often advising the administration, congress, and the banking community. His special expertise lay in the
160:
His publications include The
Federal Reserve System in Operation, 1925 Jobs, 1945, in the series "Postwar Economic Studies" Federal Reserve Board Monetary Management in the United States, 1949 American Monetary Policy 1951 Numerous articles in the Federal Reserve Bulletin, the American Economic
135:
Despite his significant influence on economic and financial issues facing the nation, Goldenweiser preferred to remain as inconspicuous as possible, a characteristic noted in a number of the tributes to his achievements in various publications at the time of his retirement.
101:, of June–July, 1953, Woodlief Thomas says that, " His contributions to cooperative efforts in coordinating Governmental statistical and economic research were almost continuous, including membership in the Central Statistical Board and other interdepartmental groups."
50:
In 1916 he married for a second time, his first marriage, to the sister of the wife of his older brother, Shura, having ended in divorce in 1912. Pearl (Ann) Allen of Luray, Virginia, and
Emanuel had two children, Margaret in 1917, and Alexander (Lex) in 1922.
88:, governor of the Federal Reserve Board, and Goldenweiser, "his able director of research....with 15 years of experience with Federal Reserve facts, figures, problems, policies and action during good times and bad," as noted in an August 20, 1935 article by
132:
of governors' economic policies." An article published in the June 1945 issue of Nation's
Business stated that, "More perhaps than any other single person Dr. E.A. Goldenweiser influences Uncle Sam's thinking and action on economic and financial matters."
120:. He was a member of the International Institute of Statistics and a founding member and active participant in The Round Table, a group of about thirty prominent Washington thinkers who met every three weeks for thirty years. He served as president of the
46:
in 1905, and a PhD from
Cornell in 1907. His PhD thesis subject was "Russian Immigration to the U.S." (Roughly two million Jews emigrated from Russia between 1880 and 1920; many came to the U.S.) He became a U.S. citizen in the same year.
171:
References: The
American Statistician, June–July 1953 Volume 7, No.3 "Emanuel A. Goldenweiser." "A Monetary History of the United States 1857-1960," Milton Friedman and Anna Jacobson Schwartz, Princeton University Press Family Archives
76:
study of bank reserves and international flows of currency and gold. (Hence, along with his last name, the nickname of "Goldie" by which he was widely known.) From 1936 to 1945 he served as economic advisor to the
34:, on July 31, 1883. His father was a prominent member of the Kiev bar. The family was modestly wealthy and cosmopolitan. Upon graduation from the First Kiev Gymnasium in 1902, Emanuel followed his older brother,
293:
1161:
1814:
1977:
286:
200:
Farm
Tenancy in the United States: An Analysis of the Results of the 1920 Census Relative to Farms Classified by Tenure Supplemented by Pertinent Data from Other Sources
1940:
1170:
1154:
1997:
1992:
1785:
279:
1886:
1844:
1802:
1641:
1612:
1868:
1284:
1880:
1779:
1516:
1194:
1147:
1856:
1767:
1689:
1552:
1403:
1743:
1504:
1278:
161:
Review and other publications Many articles, files and other memoranda are in the custody of the
Library of Congress under Acs. 10,808 II-39-F, 4-5
1808:
1594:
1325:
165:
2002:
1972:
72:
63:
35:
1188:
250:
55:
80:. He created numerous series of economic statistics and developed new techniques to describe and manage the economy. The
1987:
1982:
626:
154:
1174:
121:
1498:
661:
81:
1361:
302:
125:
77:
146:
95:
Goldenweiser fostered economic cooperation between the various agencies of government. In his obituary in
113:
236:
Catalogue of officers and graduates of
Columbia university from the foundation of King's college in 1754
2007:
1200:
1139:
97:
1224:
417:
109:
271:
1492:
1385:
1349:
1043:
882:
727:
322:
1904:
1683:
1230:
787:
703:
560:
423:
207:
1260:
596:
477:
340:
150:
1967:
1962:
1570:
1540:
1337:
1319:
1206:
566:
453:
399:
363:
316:
105:
8:
1659:
1600:
1576:
1486:
1409:
1296:
1055:
948:
805:
763:
614:
506:
465:
429:
138:
39:
54:
Goldenweiser's first position after receiving his doctorate was as a researcher for the
1665:
1451:
1433:
1367:
1302:
1254:
1242:
745:
733:
697:
584:
554:
524:
483:
334:
85:
59:
43:
192:
1916:
1898:
1832:
1737:
1707:
1582:
1522:
1510:
1290:
1272:
1212:
1091:
1079:
1049:
1025:
972:
906:
840:
822:
632:
542:
536:
518:
500:
194:
89:
1755:
1719:
1701:
1671:
1653:
1618:
1558:
1534:
1373:
1343:
1266:
1248:
1067:
1007:
995:
954:
918:
876:
852:
775:
715:
673:
530:
447:
387:
328:
912:
1850:
1838:
1725:
1677:
1606:
1564:
1463:
1427:
1415:
1391:
1379:
1115:
1013:
966:
924:
870:
769:
757:
709:
638:
608:
602:
590:
548:
459:
435:
393:
209:
198:
183:
149:
in Princeton, New Jersey. He left the Institute in 1949 but continued to live in
67:
1874:
1826:
1773:
1749:
1731:
1713:
1624:
1588:
1218:
1073:
1061:
1019:
864:
858:
834:
828:
739:
721:
691:
512:
375:
346:
254:
234:
1956:
1922:
1910:
1820:
1761:
1546:
1528:
1457:
1445:
1397:
1355:
1085:
1031:
1001:
989:
930:
900:
799:
793:
751:
685:
679:
471:
441:
369:
1934:
1892:
1862:
1439:
1127:
1103:
1097:
1037:
960:
942:
888:
846:
667:
644:
572:
411:
405:
381:
208:
Joseph Adna Hill; Lewis Meriam; Emanuel Alexandrovich Goldenweiser (1915).
1928:
1647:
1480:
1331:
1121:
936:
894:
781:
578:
145:
After his retirement from the Federal Reserve, he became a member of the
1695:
1236:
1109:
117:
19:
1169:
112:
in 1944, making an important contribution to the establishment of the
301:
239:. Cornell University Library. New York, Printed for the University.
181:
157:, among others, and writing, until his death on March 31, 1953.
62:, and in 1914 he went to the office of farm management in the
31:
214:. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Government Printing Office.
1978:
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
38:(Shura), to the United States. He received a BA from
153:, consulting on monetary and economic policy to the
232:
104:He played an active role in the development of the
84:was passed in 1935, based on testimony provided by
58:. In 1910 he was hired as a special agent for the
253:. American Statistical Association. Archived from
1954:
1998:Fellows of the American Statistical Association
1993:Presidents of the American Economic Association
303:Presidents of the American Economic Association
166:Fellow of the American Statistical Association
1155:
287:
182:Emanuel Alexandrovich Goldenweiser (1925).
1162:
1148:
294:
280:
66:. In 1919, Goldenweiser was hired by the
18:
1955:
71:was appointed economic advisor to the
1143:
275:
193:Emanuel Alexandrovich Goldenweiser;
185:Federal Reserve System in Operation
13:
2003:Columbia College (New York) alumni
203:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
155:Committee for Economic Development
28:Emanuel Alexsndrovich Goldenweiser
14:
2019:
1973:20th-century American economists
1175:American Statistical Association
251:"View/Search Fellows of the ASA"
122:American Statistical Association
175:
243:
226:
16:American economist (1883–1953)
1:
219:
126:American Economic Association
78:Federal Open Market Committee
233:Columbia University (1906).
188:. MacGraw-Hill Book Company.
147:Institute for Advanced Study
7:
114:International Monetary Fund
56:U.S. Immigration Commission
10:
2024:
1988:Federal Reserve economists
211:Paupers in Almhouses, 1910
108:and was a delegate to the
1983:Cornell University alumni
1795:
1634:
1473:
1312:
1181:
982:
815:
654:
567:Oliver M. W. Sprague
493:
356:
309:
164:Goldenweiser was named a
98:The American Statistician
64:Department of Agriculture
1941:Madhumita Ghosh Dastidar
1225:Frederick Ludwig Hoffman
110:Bretton Woods Conference
106:Bretton Woods Agreements
1493:William Gemmell Cochran
1386:Warren Randolph Burgess
1350:William Fielding Ogburn
883:Charles P. Kindleberger
621:Emanuel A. Goldenweiser
1905:Lisa Morrissey LaVange
1684:Richard Loree Anderson
1231:Walter Francis Willcox
788:John Kenneth Galbraith
24:
1261:Wesley Clair Mitchell
42:in 1903, and MA from
22:
1887:David R. Morganstein
1845:Peter A. Lachenbruch
1803:Richard L. Scheaffer
1642:Franklin A. Graybill
1613:Clifford G. Hildreth
1571:Frederick F. Stephan
1541:Martin R. Gainsbrugh
1422:Emanuel Goldenweiser
1338:Edwin Bidwell Wilson
1320:Leonard Porter Ayres
1207:Francis Amasa Walker
841:Tjalling C. Koopmans
454:Herbert J. Davenport
364:Edwin R. A. Seligman
195:Leon Edgar Truesdell
23:Emanuel Goldenweiser
1869:Robert N. Rodriguez
1786:W. Michael O'Fallon
1660:Herman Otto Hartley
1601:Churchill Eisenhart
1577:Frederick Mosteller
1487:Aryness Joy Wickens
1410:Winfield W. Riefler
1297:Louis Israel Dublin
1285:William S. Rossiter
1056:Christopher A. Sims
955:Arnold C. Harberger
919:Thomas C. Schelling
877:Charles L. Schultze
764:Kenneth E. Boulding
716:Theodore W. Schultz
139:The Washington Post
82:Glass-Steagall bill
40:Columbia University
1881:Nathaniel Schenker
1780:Jonas H. Ellenberg
1666:Margaret E. Martin
1517:William R. Leonard
1452:George W. Snedecor
1434:Walter A. Shewhart
1368:Frederick C. Mills
1303:Robert E. Chaddock
1255:Allyn Abbott Young
1243:Edward Dana Durand
1195:George C. Shattuck
770:William J. Fellner
746:Joseph J. Spengler
734:Gottfried Haberler
704:George W. Stocking
698:Morris A. Copeland
585:Frederick C. Mills
525:Matthew B. Hammond
478:Wesley C. Mitchell
460:Jacob H. Hollander
73:Board of Governors
60:U.S. Census Bureau
25:
1950:
1949:
1917:Wendy L. Martinez
1899:Barry D. Nussbaum
1857:Sastry G. Pantula
1833:Sallie Ann Keller
1768:Jon R. Kettenring
1738:Katherine Wallman
1708:Barbara A. Bailar
1690:I. Richard Savage
1583:Geoffrey H. Moore
1553:Raymond T. Bowman
1523:Walter E. Hoadley
1511:Gertrude Mary Cox
1404:F. Leslie Hayford
1291:Warren M. Persons
1273:George E. Roberts
1213:Carroll D. Wright
1137:
1136:
1092:Olivier Blanchard
1080:Robert J. Shiller
1050:Orley Ashenfelter
1026:Thomas J. Sargent
973:Dale W. Jorgenson
907:Joseph A. Pechman
859:William J. Baumol
829:Lawrence R. Klein
823:Franco Modigliani
740:George J. Stigler
722:Paul A. Samuelson
633:Joseph Schumpeter
543:William Z. Ripley
537:George E. Barnett
501:Edwin W. Kemmerer
424:Walter F. Willcox
376:Jeremiah W. Jenks
323:Charles F. Dunbar
317:Francis A. Walker
2015:
2008:People from Kyiv
1756:Mitchell H. Gail
1744:J. Stuart Hunter
1720:Janet L. Norwood
1702:Donald Marquardt
1672:Ralph A. Bradley
1654:George E. P. Box
1619:Jerome Cornfield
1559:Albert H. Bowker
1535:Morris H. Hansen
1505:Ralph J. Watkins
1499:Herbert Marshall
1374:Willford I. King
1344:Malcolm C. Rorty
1279:Carroll W. Doten
1267:Joseph Adna Hill
1249:Charles P. Neill
1189:Richard Fletcher
1164:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1068:William Nordhaus
1008:Martin Feldstein
996:Robert Lucas Jr.
853:Moses Abramovitz
800:Walter W. Heller
794:Kenneth J. Arrow
776:Wassily Leontief
674:Calvin B. Hoover
662:John H. Williams
561:Alvin S. Johnson
531:Ernest L. Bogart
448:Henry B. Gardner
430:Thomas N. Carver
341:Arthur T. Hadley
296:
289:
282:
273:
272:
266:
265:
263:
262:
247:
241:
240:
230:
215:
204:
189:
124:in 1943 and the
2023:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2012:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1851:Sally C. Morton
1839:Mary Ellen Bock
1815:Robert L. Mason
1791:
1726:Vincent Barabba
1678:William Kruskal
1630:
1607:William H. Shaw
1565:W. Allen Wallis
1469:
1464:Samuel S. Wilks
1428:Helen M. Walker
1416:Alfred J. Lotka
1392:Robert H. Coats
1380:Joseph S. Davis
1308:
1177:
1168:
1138:
1133:
1116:Christina Romer
1014:Daniel McFadden
978:
967:D. Gale Johnson
961:Robert W. Fogel
949:Anne O. Krueger
943:Victor R. Fuchs
925:William Vickrey
889:Alice M. Rivlin
871:W. Arthur Lewis
847:Robert M. Solow
811:
806:R. Aaron Gordon
758:Milton Friedman
728:Edward S. Mason
710:Arthur F. Burns
668:Harold A. Innis
650:
639:Howard S. Ellis
615:I. Leo Sharfman
609:Joseph S. Davis
603:Albert B. Wolfe
597:Edwin G. Nourse
591:Sumner Slichter
549:Harry A. Millis
507:Thomas S. Adams
489:
466:Henry R. Seager
436:John R. Commons
406:Frank A. Fetter
400:Henry W. Farnam
394:Edmund J. James
382:Simon N. Patten
352:
305:
300:
270:
269:
260:
258:
249:
248:
244:
231:
227:
222:
178:
86:Marriner Eccles
68:Federal Reserve
17:
12:
11:
5:
2021:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1875:Marie Davidian
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1827:Fritz Scheuren
1824:
1818:
1812:
1809:Miron L. Straf
1806:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1774:David S. Moore
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1750:Ronald L. Iman
1747:
1741:
1735:
1732:Arnold Zellner
1729:
1723:
1717:
1714:Robert V. Hogg
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1625:Lester Frankel
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1595:T. A. Bancroft
1592:
1589:A. Ross Eckler
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1362:Stuart A. Rice
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1219:S. N. D. North
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1167:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1074:Richard Thaler
1071:
1065:
1062:Claudia Goldin
1059:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1020:George Akerlof
1017:
1011:
1005:
999:
993:
986:
984:
980:
979:
977:
976:
970:
964:
958:
952:
946:
940:
934:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
895:Gary S. Becker
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
865:Gardner Ackley
862:
856:
850:
844:
838:
835:Jacob Marschak
832:
826:
819:
817:
813:
812:
810:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
773:
767:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
731:
725:
719:
713:
707:
701:
695:
692:Edwin E. Witte
689:
683:
677:
671:
665:
658:
656:
652:
651:
649:
648:
642:
636:
630:
624:
618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
528:
522:
516:
513:Fred M. Taylor
510:
504:
497:
495:
491:
490:
488:
487:
484:Allyn A. Young
481:
475:
469:
463:
457:
451:
445:
439:
433:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
388:Davis R. Dewey
385:
379:
373:
367:
360:
358:
354:
353:
351:
350:
347:Richard T. Ely
344:
338:
335:Henry C. Adams
332:
326:
320:
313:
311:
307:
306:
299:
298:
291:
284:
276:
268:
267:
242:
224:
223:
221:
218:
217:
216:
205:
190:
177:
174:
90:Warren Persons
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2020:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1923:Robert Santos
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1911:Karen Kafadar
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1821:Bradley Efron
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:Lynne Billard
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:Philip Hauser
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1529:Rensis Likert
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1458:Simon Kuznets
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1446:Willard Thorp
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1398:Raymond Pearl
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:Irving Fisher
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1326:Edmund E. Day
1324:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1201:Edward Jarvis
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1086:Alvin E. Roth
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1032:Avinash Dixit
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:Peter Diamond
1000:
997:
994:
991:
990:Sherwin Rosen
988:
987:
985:
981:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
931:Zvi Griliches
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
913:GĂ©rard Debreu
911:
908:
905:
902:
901:Robert Eisner
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
820:
818:
814:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
752:Fritz Machlup
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
686:John D. Black
684:
681:
680:Simon Kuznets
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
659:
657:
653:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
555:John M. Clark
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
498:
496:
492:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
472:Carl C. Plehn
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
442:Irving Fisher
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
370:F. W. Taussig
368:
365:
362:
361:
359:
355:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
329:John B. Clark
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
314:
312:
308:
304:
297:
292:
290:
285:
283:
278:
277:
274:
257:on 2016-06-16
256:
252:
246:
238:
237:
229:
225:
213:
212:
206:
202:
201:
196:
191:
187:
186:
180:
179:
173:
169:
167:
162:
158:
156:
152:
148:
143:
141:
140:
133:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
102:
100:
99:
93:
91:
87:
83:
79:
74:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
21:
1935:Dionne Price
1893:Jessica Utts
1863:Nancy Geller
1440:Isador Lubin
1421:
1128:Janet Currie
1104:Janet Yellen
1098:Ben Bernanke
1038:Angus Deaton
983:2001–present
645:Frank Knight
627:Paul Douglas
620:
573:Alvin Hansen
519:Edwin F. Gay
418:John H. Gray
412:David Kinley
259:. Retrieved
255:the original
245:
235:
228:
210:
199:
184:
176:Bibliography
170:
163:
159:
144:
137:
134:
130:
103:
96:
94:
53:
49:
30:was born in
27:
26:
1968:1953 deaths
1963:1883 births
1929:Kathy Ensor
1648:Leslie Kish
1481:Lowell Reed
1332:Carl Snyder
1215:(1897–1909)
1209:(1883–1896)
1203:(1852–1882)
1197:(1846–1851)
1191:(1839–1845)
1122:Susan Athey
1044:Robert Hall
937:Amartya Sen
782:James Tobin
579:Jacob Viner
1957:Categories
1696:John Neter
1237:John Koren
1171:Presidents
1110:David Card
261:2016-07-22
220:References
118:World Bank
1635:1976–2000
1474:1951–1975
1313:1926–1950
1182:1839–1925
816:1976–2000
655:1951–1975
494:1926–1950
357:1901–1925
310:1886–1900
168:in 1921.
151:Princeton
128:in 1946.
36:Alexander
197:(1924).
116:and the
1173:of the
44:Cornell
1943:(2024)
1937:(2023)
1931:(2022)
1925:(2021)
1919:(2020)
1913:(2019)
1907:(2018)
1901:(2017)
1895:(2016)
1889:(2015)
1883:(2014)
1877:(2013)
1871:(2012)
1865:(2011)
1859:(2010)
1853:(2009)
1847:(2008)
1841:(2007)
1835:(2006)
1829:(2005)
1823:(2004)
1817:(2003)
1811:(2002)
1805:(2001)
1788:(2000)
1782:(1999)
1776:(1998)
1770:(1997)
1764:(1996)
1758:(1995)
1752:(1994)
1746:(1993)
1740:(1992)
1734:(1991)
1728:(1990)
1722:(1989)
1716:(1988)
1710:(1987)
1704:(1986)
1698:(1985)
1692:(1984)
1686:(1983)
1680:(1982)
1674:(1981)
1668:(1980)
1662:(1979)
1656:(1978)
1650:(1977)
1644:(1976)
1627:(1975)
1621:(1974)
1615:(1973)
1609:(1972)
1603:(1971)
1597:(1970)
1591:(1969)
1585:(1968)
1579:(1967)
1573:(1966)
1567:(1965)
1561:(1964)
1555:(1963)
1549:(1962)
1543:(1961)
1537:(1960)
1531:(1959)
1525:(1958)
1519:(1957)
1513:(1956)
1507:(1955)
1501:(1954)
1495:(1953)
1489:(1952)
1483:(1951)
1466:(1950)
1460:(1949)
1454:(1948)
1448:(1947)
1442:(1946)
1436:(1945)
1430:(1944)
1424:(1943)
1418:(1942)
1412:(1941)
1406:(1940)
1400:(1939)
1394:(1938)
1388:(1937)
1382:(1936)
1376:(1935)
1370:(1934)
1364:(1933)
1358:(1932)
1352:(1931)
1346:(1930)
1340:(1929)
1334:(1928)
1328:(1927)
1322:(1926)
1305:(1925)
1299:(1924)
1293:(1923)
1287:(1922)
1281:(1921)
1275:(1920)
1269:(1919)
1263:(1918)
1257:(1917)
1251:(1916)
1245:(1915)
1239:(1914)
1233:(1912)
1227:(1911)
1221:(1910)
1130:(2024)
1124:(2023)
1118:(2022)
1112:(2021)
1106:(2020)
1100:(2019)
1094:(2018)
1088:(2017)
1082:(2016)
1076:(2015)
1070:(2014)
1064:(2013)
1058:(2012)
1052:(2011)
1046:(2010)
1040:(2009)
1034:(2008)
1028:(2007)
1022:(2006)
1016:(2005)
1010:(2004)
1004:(2003)
998:(2002)
992:(2001)
975:(2000)
969:(1999)
963:(1998)
957:(1997)
951:(1996)
945:(1995)
939:(1994)
933:(1993)
927:(1992)
921:(1991)
915:(1990)
909:(1989)
903:(1988)
897:(1987)
891:(1986)
885:(1985)
879:(1984)
873:(1983)
867:(1982)
861:(1981)
855:(1980)
849:(1979)
843:(1978)
837:(1978)
831:(1977)
825:(1976)
808:(1975)
802:(1974)
796:(1973)
790:(1972)
784:(1971)
778:(1970)
772:(1969)
766:(1968)
760:(1967)
754:(1966)
748:(1965)
742:(1964)
736:(1963)
730:(1962)
724:(1961)
718:(1960)
712:(1959)
706:(1958)
700:(1957)
694:(1956)
688:(1955)
682:(1954)
676:(1953)
670:(1952)
664:(1951)
647:(1950)
641:(1949)
635:(1948)
629:(1947)
623:(1946)
617:(1945)
611:(1944)
605:(1943)
599:(1942)
593:(1941)
587:(1940)
581:(1939)
575:(1938)
569:(1937)
563:(1936)
557:(1935)
551:(1934)
545:(1933)
539:(1932)
533:(1931)
527:(1930)
521:(1929)
515:(1928)
509:(1927)
503:(1926)
486:(1925)
480:(1924)
474:(1923)
468:(1922)
462:(1921)
456:(1920)
450:(1919)
444:(1918)
438:(1917)
432:(1916)
426:(1915)
420:(1914)
414:(1913)
408:(1912)
402:(1911)
396:(1910)
390:(1909)
384:(1908)
378:(1906)
372:(1904)
366:(1902)
349:(1900)
343:(1898)
337:(1896)
331:(1894)
325:(1893)
319:(1886)
1796:2001–
32:Kiev
1959::
1163:e
1156:t
1149:v
295:e
288:t
281:v
264:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.