130:
122:
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355:
212:
464:
365:
25:
200:
383:. Likewise, any conductor or cable will pick up energy from any existing electromagnetic field around it. These effects are often undesirable, in the first case amounting to unwanted transmission of energy which may adversely affect nearby equipment or other parts of the same piece of equipment; and in the second case, unwanted pickup of
437:
A twisted pair has two wires of a cable twisted around each other. This can be demonstrated by putting one end of a pair of wires in a hand drill and turning while maintaining moderate tension on the line. Where the interfering signal has a wavelength that is long compared to the pitch of the twisted
433:
Coaxial design helps to further reduce low-frequency magnetic transmission and pickup. In this design the foil or mesh shield has a circular cross section and the inner conductor is exactly at its center. This causes the voltages induced by a magnetic field between the shield and the core conductor
262:
Physically, an electrical cable is an assembly consisting of one or more conductors with their own insulations and optional screens, individual coverings, assembly protection and protective coverings. Electrical cables may be made more flexible by stranding the wires. In this process, smaller
455:. Alternately, fire spread amongst combustible cables can be prevented by the application of fire retardant coatings directly on the cable exterior, or the fire threat can be isolated by the installation of boxes constructed of noncombustible materials around the bulk cable installation.
394:
The first solution to these problems is to keep cable lengths in buildings short since pick up and transmission are essentially proportional to the length of the cable. The second solution is to route cables away from trouble. Beyond this, there are particular cable designs that minimize
258:
for lighting, power and control circuits permanently installed in buildings. Since all the circuit conductors required can be installed in a cable at one time, installation labor is saved compared to certain other wiring methods.
171:
from one device to the other. Physically, an electrical cable is an assembly consisting of one or more conductors with their own insulations and optional screens, individual coverings, assembly protection and protective covering.
287:
easier. Tinning is also used to provide lubrication between strands. Tinning was used to help removal of rubber insulation. Tight lays during stranding makes the cable extensible (CBA – as in telephone handset cords).
446:
Electrical cable jacket material is usually constructed of flexible plastic which will burn. The fire hazard of grouped cables can be significant. Cables jacketing materials can be formulated to prevent fire spread
263:
individual wires are twisted or braided together to produce larger wires that are more flexible than solid wires of similar size. Bunching small wires before concentric stranding adds the most flexibility.
430:. A grounded shield on cables operating at 2.5 kV or more gathers leakage current and capacitive current, protecting people from electric shock and equalizing stress on the cable insulation.
242:
Electrical cables are used to connect two or more devices, enabling the transfer of electrical signals or power from one device to the other. Long-distance communication takes place over
414:. The cable is encased for its entire length in foil or wire mesh. All wires running inside this shielding layer will be to a large extent decoupled from external
179:
may be formed into a cable assembly, which is not necessarily suitable for connecting two devices but can be a partial product (e.g. to be soldered onto a
307:) which was found useful for underwater cables in the 19th century. The first, and still very common, man-made plastic used for cable insulation was
583:– This type of cable is a flat two-wire line. It is commonly called a 300 Ω line because the line has an impedance of 300 Ω. It is often used as a
550:
520:
600:
HD 361 is a ratified standard published by CENELEC, which relates to wire and cable marking type, whose goal is to harmonize cables.
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rapidly spreading through the burning of cable insulation, a phenomenon of great importance for cables used in some installations.
295:
using cloth, rubber or paper. Plastic materials are generally used today, except for high-reliability power cables. The first
89:
61:
541:– Useful when many wires are required. This type of cable can easily flex, and it is designed to handle low-level voltages.
684:
Ash, Stewart, "The development of submarine cables", ch. 1 in, Burnett, Douglas R.; Beckman, Robert; Davenport, Tara M.,
450:
68:
801:
791:
693:
108:
42:
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707:
593:– Consists of two interwound insulated wires. It resembles a paired cable, except that the paired wires are twisted
75:
523:– Composed of two individually insulated conductors that are usually used in DC or low-frequency AC applications
46:
438:
pair, alternate lengths of wires develop opposing voltages, tending to cancel the effect of the interference.
57:
243:
502:
762:"Electrical Wiring FAQ (Part 2 of 2)Section - What is Romex/NM/NMD? What is BX? When should I use each?"
587:
between an antenna and a receiver (e.g., TV and radio). These cables are stranded to lower skin effects.
315:
during which a telegraph cable using it was laid across the
English Channel to support troops following
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35:
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547:– Used for sensitive electronic circuits or to provide protection in high-voltage applications.
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which may mask the desired signal being carried by the cable, or, if the cable is carrying
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8:
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are used for bulk transmission of alternating and direct current power, especially using
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fields, particularly if the shield is connected to a point of constant voltage, such as
560:
391:
or control voltages, pollute them to such an extent as to cause equipment malfunction.
251:
183:
with a connector mounted to the housing). Cable assemblies can also take the form of a
796:
BICC Cables Ltd, "Electric Cables
Handbook", WileyBlackwell; London 3rd Edition 1997,
395:
electromagnetic pickup and transmission. Three of the principal design techniques are
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Electrical cables are used to connect two or more devices, enabling the transfer of
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may be bare, or they may be plated with a thin layer of another metal, most often
514:
311:. This was invented in 1930, but not available outside military use until after
255:
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422:. Simple shielding of this type is not greatly effective against low-frequency
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Cables can be securely fastened and organized, such as by using trunking,
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In the 19th century and early 20th century, electrical cable was often
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or some other material. Tin, gold, and silver are much less prone to
215:
24:
434:
to consist of two nearly equal magnitudes which cancel each other.
364:
203:
6 inch (15 cm) outside diameter, oil-cooled cables, traversing the
597:
712:
Systems Safety
Technology Division, Sandia National Laboratories
284:
276:
219:
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throughout. An example of a heavy cable for power transmission.
199:
164:
820:
517:(consist of more than one wire and is covered by cable jacket)
426:
fields, however - such as magnetic "hum" from a nearby power
316:
304:
280:
16:
Assembly of one or more wires running side by side or bundled
604:(DIN, VDE) has released a similar standard (DIN VDE 0292).
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272:
223:
149:
268:
410:
Shielding makes use of the electrical principle of the
740:
529:– Flexible cable for AC power in portable applications
175:
One or more electrical cables and their corresponding
283:
than copper, which may lengthen wire life, and makes
152:
running side by side or bundled, which is used as an
379:-carrying conductor, including a cable, radiates an
708:"Burn Mode Analysis of Horizontal Cable Tray Fires"
475:– used for radio frequency signals, for example in
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
834:
686:Submarine Cables: The Handbook of Law and Policy
706:Krause, Fritz; Schmidt, Willard (2 Jan 1982).
705:
254:. Electrical cables are extensively used in
745:Building and Fire Research Laboratory, NIST
191:, used to connect many terminals together.
553:(from time to time this name is used for
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
784:The History of Electric Wires and Cables
535:– A cable used for transmission of power
505:(or nonmetallic building wire, NM, NM-B)
467:A 250 V, 16 A electrical cable on a reel
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229:
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238:(254 mm) single conductor power cable
741:"Fire Performance of Wire and Cable"
688:, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2014
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
739:Vytenis, Babrauskas (12 Jan 1981).
451:Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable
338:used in moving applications within
137:cable with three 2.5 mm solid
13:
776:
751:
441:
349:
14:
854:
807:
728:. 2017. pp. 648, 800.179(A).
823:The New Student's Reference Work
726:NFPA 72 National Electrical Code
23:
786:, Peter Pergrinus, London 1983
34:needs additional citations for
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718:
699:
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653:
602:Deutsches Institut für Normung
148:is an assembly of one or more
1:
714:. NUREG/CR-2431, SAND81-0079.
646:
244:undersea communication cables
7:
661:"What Is a Cable Assembly?"
607:
503:Non-metallic sheathed cable
448:
10:
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816:"Cables, Electric"
640:Over/under cable coiling
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125:Electrical cable diagram
265:Copper wires in a cable
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468:
372:
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141:
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479:distribution systems.
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381:electromagnetic field
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344:strain relief devices
342:can be secured using
334:. Continuous-flex or
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181:printed circuit board
132:
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154:electrical conductor
43:improve this article
483:Direct-buried cable
561:Structured cabling
469:
373:
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252:high-voltage cable
240:
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165:electrical signals
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127:
58:"Electrical cable"
843:Electrical cables
635:Circuit integrity
585:transmission line
566:Submersible cable
139:copper conductors
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205:Grand Coulee Dam
158:electric current
146:electrical cable
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515:Multicore cable
488:Flexible cables
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442:Fire protection
420:earth or ground
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350:Characteristics
346:or cable ties.
336:flexible cables
256:building wiring
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403:geometry, and
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271:but sometimes
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99:September 2017
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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26:
21:
20:
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765:
744:
734:
725:
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680:
668:. Retrieved
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655:
596:
591:Twisted pair
576:Twinax cable
551:Single cable
539:Ribbon cable
521:Paired cable
498:Heliax cable
493:Filled cable
445:
436:
432:
423:
415:
412:Faraday cage
409:
405:twisted-pair
393:
389:power supply
374:
369:Twisted pair
332:cable lacing
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309:polyethylene
301:gutta-percha
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248:Power cables
241:
236:circular mil
174:
162:
145:
143:
105:
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65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
625:Cable gland
533:Power cable
428:transformer
324:cable trays
313:World War 2
303:(a natural
647:References
630:Cable reel
615:Wire gauge
416:electrical
407:geometry.
328:cable ties
222:, showing
185:cable tree
177:connectors
69:newspapers
581:Twin-lead
397:shielding
299:used was
293:insulated
285:soldering
281:oxidation
216:Fire test
156:to carry
133:Flexible
837:Category
766:faqs.org
665:wiseGEEK
608:See also
424:magnetic
234:500,000
828:. 1914.
598:CENELEC
511:(or BX)
401:coaxial
377:current
371:cabling
83:scholar
825:
800:
790:
692:
670:1 July
277:silver
220:Sweden
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
747:: 56.
459:Types
449:(see
385:noise
317:D-Day
305:latex
169:power
150:wires
135:mains
90:JSTOR
76:books
798:ISBN
788:ISBN
690:ISBN
672:2019
555:wire
375:Any
273:gold
224:fire
195:Uses
62:news
330:or
319:.
269:tin
218:in
187:or
167:or
160:.
144:An
45:by
839::
819:.
764:.
753:^
743:.
710:.
663:.
399:,
326:,
275:,
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768:.
696:.
674:.
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106:(
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97:(
87:·
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39:.
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