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conducting (although Rimsky protested after that second performance, in his autobiography Moy
Muzikalny Zhizn , that the first performance had also gone well under the baton of its creator). Under Nápravník's baton, however, and under the solemn influence of Tchaikovsky's sudden passing, the work was seen as a masterpiece with an overwhelming emotional message. It included some minor corrections that Tchaikovsky had made after the premiere, and was thus the first performance of the work in the exact form in which it is known today.
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on 6/18 November 1893, twelve days after the composer's death. The premiere, under the composer's baton, had not fared so well, partly due to the audience's and the orchestra's unfamiliarity with a work that contained so many novelties, compositionally speaking, and partly due to
Tchaikovsky's
184:, in 1839. His studies of music were precariously uneven as a child, being the son of a poor teacher. Orphaned in 1853 at the age of 14, he first worked as a local church organist. In 1854 he entered the Prague Organ School, where he studied under
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and others, eventually becoming an assistant teacher as Kittl's generosity allowed him to continue his studies. In 1861, he worked in Russia for the first time as conductor of the private orchestra of Prince
Yusupov in St. Petersburg.
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Nápravník became organist and assistant conductor at the
Imperial theatres in 1863, second conductor in 1867, and chief conductor, succeeding Liadov, in 1869, holding the post until his death. He led the first performances of
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as soloist (whose playing was described by the composer as "an atrocious cacophony"). Nápravník is also well known for leading the second — and overwhelmingly persuasive — performance of
Tchaikovsky's
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Piano
Concerto in A minor, Op. 27 and Fantasie Russe in B minor, Op. 39. Yevgeny Soifertis, piano; BBC Scottish Orchestra conducted by Alexander Titov (Hyperion CDA67511).
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Intermezzo (from opera "Dubrovsky" (Act IV); Melancholy, Op. 48 No. 3 The USSR Symphony Orchestra, conductor Evgeni Svetlanov (Melodiya SUCD 10-00140, 1990)
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for many decades. In that capacity, he conducted the premieres of many operas by
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136:: Эдуа́рд Фра́нцевич Напра́вник; 24 August 1839 – 10 November 1916) was a
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in 1916. In May 1917, his family went abroad and eventually settled in
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Poznansky, Tchaikovsky: The Quest for the Inner Man, p. 603
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His wife was singer Olga Shryoder (ru: Ольга Эдуардовна Шрёдер).
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A school in the village of Býšť bears Nápravník's name today.
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His son Vladimir published a book about his father's life:
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Of Nápravník's own four operas the most successful was
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