2033:
6450:
2064:
5887:
5027:
3659:
4622:
8114:
4331:
7744:
2045:
6280:
2133:
4294:
3719:
4873:
8466:
6507:
185:
88:
5201:
4069:
8456:
3694:
5472:
4279:
7328:
7219:
3902:
3019:
8775:
5541:
6535:
515:
2149:
68:
916:
7561:
3304:
4553:
5649:
4466:
4289:
208:
111:
256:
240:
224:
192:
159:
143:
127:
95:
5644:
5196:
4868:
4461:
4274:
5761:
4723:
3706:
2063:
2032:
1908:
had based their culture on the raising of crops and the domestication of animals. Shortly after 3600 BC Egyptian society began to grow and advance rapidly toward refined civilization. A new and distinctive pottery, which was related to the pottery in the
Southern Levant, appeared during this time.
1981:
It seems certain that Egypt became unified as a cultural and economic domain long before its first king ascended to the throne in the lower
Egyptian city of Memphis. Political unification proceeded gradually, perhaps over a period of a few centuries, as local districts established trading networks
2456:
with almost every type of artifact: architecture (fortifications, embankments and buildings), pottery, vessels, tools, weapons, seals, etc. 20 serekhs attributed to Narmer — the first ruler of the Early
Dynastic Period — have been found in Canaan. There is also evidence of Egyptian settlement and
1993:
It was also during this period that the
Egyptian writing system was further developed. Initially, Egyptian writing had been composed primarily of a few symbols denoting amounts of various substances. By the end of the 3rd dynasty it had been expanded to include more than 200 symbols, both
1956:, who was identified with Upper Egypt. Divine kingship, which would persist in Egypt for the next three millennia, was firmly established as the basis of Egypt's government. The unification of societies along the Nile has also been linked to the end of the
2117:) and may therefore be the first king to achieve the unification. Consequently, the current consensus is that "Menes" and "Narmer" refer to the same person. Alternative theories hold that Narmer was the final king of the Naqada III period and
1827:
Before the unification of Egypt, the land was settled with autonomous villages. With the early dynasties, and for much of Egypt's history thereafter, the country came to be known as "The Two Lands" (referencing Upper and Lower Egypt). The
2044:
2105:. This shows that Narmer was recognized by the first dynasty kings as an important founding figure. Narmer is also the earliest king associated to the symbols of power over the two lands (see in particular the
6449:
2723:
The Nile Delta in
Transition: 4th.-3rd. Millennium B.C. : Proceedings of the Seminar Held in Cairo, 21.-24. October 1990, at the Netherlands Institute of Archaeology and Arabic Studies
8748:
8702:
2708:
1982:
and as the ability of their governments to organize agriculture labor on a larger scale increased. Divine kingship may also have gained spiritual momentum as the cults of gods like
1948:
representing Lower Egypt - a sign of the unified rule of both parts of Egypt which was followed by all succeeding rulers. In mythology, the unification of Egypt is portrayed as the
8718:
2465:
came to an end. By the Early
Dynastic Period, the Egyptian state had likely imposed its authority as far north as modern Tel Aviv and as far south as the second cataract in Nubia.
1963:
Funeral practices for the peasants would have been the same as in predynastic times, but the rich demanded more elaborate rituals. Thus, the
Egyptians began construction of the
8723:
8716:
8737:
473:
448:
3535:
3240:
1733:
8724:
1832:
established a national administration and appointed royal governors, and buildings of the central government were typically open-air temples constructed of wood or
2946:
8763:
4982:
8710:
8693:
8749:
5111:
4987:
2132:
8712:
1936:
defeated his enemies on the Delta and merged both the
Kingdom of Upper and Lower Egypt under his single rule. Narmer is shown on palettes wearing the
8721:
5404:
7743:
5026:
2720:
Naomi Porat (1992). "An
Egyptian Colony in Southern Palestine During the Late Predynastic to Early Dynastic". In Edwin C. M. van den Brink (ed.).
4842:
830:
184:
8709:
17:
8746:
5782:
5503:
5414:
5103:
4818:
4760:
4756:
3528:
3233:
1726:
8736:
5060:
5056:
4764:
2939:
8739:
8719:
8744:
8740:
8705:
8672:
8469:
5507:
5314:
4885:
4848:
4814:
4389:
4385:
3718:
8700:
8699:
8713:
8113:
4672:
4516:
4381:
4377:
3658:
2138:
944:
87:
8741:
5400:
5396:
5310:
5107:
3864:
8750:
5511:
4768:
3521:
3226:
2437:
1719:
8754:
1932:
also underwent a unification process. Warfare between Upper and Lower Egypt occurred often. During his reign in Upper Egypt, King
8799:
8730:
8729:
2932:
8745:
8695:
4914:
4668:
4648:
1917:, and architectural building principles—including the use of the arch and recessed walls for decorative effect—became popular.
1861:
1859:
8733:
8732:
8731:
8725:
4621:
4330:
8735:
8694:
8623:
8576:
8546:
2862:
2731:
8753:
8734:
2097:. Indeed, Narmer is the earliest recorded First Dynasty monarch. Narmer appears first on the necropolis seal impressions of
8728:
8727:
8715:
8814:
8809:
8804:
8759:
6870:
4365:
4217:
4074:
2069:
Damaged basalt head of a foreigner, from a door socket. Early
Dynastic Period, 1st to 2nd Dynasties. From Thebes, Egypt.
1920:
Concurrent with these cultural advances, a process of unification of the societies and towns of the upper Nile River, or
1253:
600:
8726:
7540:
5219:
2780:
2696:
1395:
1113:
867:
820:
620:
580:
2903:
2881:
2834:
2753:
2709:
Hegemony for Beginners: Egyptian Activity in the Southern Levant during the Second Half of the Fourth Millennium B.C.
2518:
8758:
8742:
8697:
8696:
5886:
2604:
8698:
8665:
7534:
1505:
533:
8761:
8722:
7607:
7154:
7078:
1707:
1521:
1443:
1417:
960:
937:
8756:
8760:
8757:
8717:
8459:
8439:
7721:
7628:
7613:
7451:
7321:
7122:
6821:
6506:
1821:
1607:
1561:
1534:
1491:
1460:
1456:
1430:
1404:
8747:
8743:
8260:
8069:
8045:
7445:
6425:
2050:
A plate created during the Early Dynastic period of Ancient Egypt. It depicts a man on a boat alongside a
1482:
1318:
630:
2452:
Egyptian settlement and colonization are attested from about 3200 BC onward all over the area of southern
7682:
6721:
6520:
6067:
6061:
4308:
3664:
1361:
1348:
1262:
1232:
897:
8752:
8738:
8778:
8658:
8309:
8165:
7928:
7619:
7429:
6775:
6437:
6405:
6399:
4606:
2007:
1547:
1374:
1293:
1275:
964:
8711:
8706:
8704:
8751:
8446:
8054:
7940:
7922:
7772:
7434:
7298:
6999:
6814:
5711:
2202:
1813:
1206:
1175:
930:
494:
309:
2660:
8714:
8707:
8432:
8077:
8074:
7997:
7967:
7910:
7896:
7302:
6286:
6024:
5441:
5225:
4068:
2038:
Limestone head of a king, its provenance is unknown and has no inscriptions (Petrie Museum, London)
1840:
appear just before this period, though little is known of the spoken language that they represent.
1219:
1122:
703:
551:
6279:
2896:
The Archaeology of Early Egypt: Social Transformations in North-East Africa, c. 10,000 to 2,650 BC
8092:
8020:
7994:
7970:
7964:
7949:
7861:
7797:
7762:
7706:
7655:
7228:
5705:
5486:
5231:
4539:
3997:
3249:
2827:
Whose Pharaohs? Archaeology, Museums, and Egyptian National Identity from Napoleon to World War I
2320:
2245:
1995:
1782:
1196:
1135:
1066:
1023:
858:
590:
8720:
8703:
8755:
8255:
8245:
8035:
8030:
8025:
7985:
7976:
7919:
7899:
7893:
7887:
7884:
7875:
7803:
7800:
7791:
7691:
7670:
7284:
7058:
6990:
6900:
6644:
6638:
6119:
5574:
5433:
4998:
4779:
4319:
4293:
4253:
3896:
3669:
2955:
2189:
2080:
1778:
1161:
1148:
1092:
1079:
1053:
1007:
8566:
4872:
3901:
2022:—are also first seen, painted on jars and impressed on their sealings. These goods were often
8615:
Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus: A Study in Archaeological Illumination of Bible History
8536:
8499:
8421:
8298:
7958:
7934:
7890:
7878:
7872:
7869:
7824:
7818:
7794:
7759:
7715:
7703:
7700:
7697:
7685:
7679:
7667:
7661:
7480:
7390:
7387:
7378:
6941:
5018:
1767:
8613:
8465:
4278:
27:
Era immediately following the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt (c. 3150 BC – c. 2686 BC)
8701:
7866:
7815:
7724:
7718:
7688:
7290:
7243:
7231:
7055:
6996:
6620:
6514:
6337:
5864:
5012:
4533:
3950:
3320:
3171:
1957:
1880:
1837:
1817:
1797:
1339:
1044:
610:
570:
466:
7327:
8:
8708:
8371:
8226:
7931:
7881:
7806:
7756:
7709:
7694:
7673:
7372:
7358:
7246:
7179:
7002:
6893:
6835:
6599:
6272:
6112:
5831:
5636:
5453:
5266:
4582:
3793:
2510:
2504:
2215:
800:
31:
8597:
8411:
8288:
7849:
7788:
7782:
7310:
7274:
7187:
7168:
7064:
7061:
7014:
6980:
6977:
6932:
6623:
6608:
6593:
6269:
6266:
6257:
6016:
5191:
4919:
4192:
4045:
3962:
3765:
3288:
2260:
1585:
877:
840:
712:
7067:
1824:, and many aspects of Egyptian religion, took shape during the Early Dynastic Period.
8682:
8619:
8572:
8542:
7835:
7809:
7785:
7767:
7567:
7488:
7396:
7265:
7237:
7052:
7020:
7011:
6953:
6950:
6947:
6935:
6923:
6838:
6759:
6611:
6605:
6572:
6566:
6137:
6010:
5874:
5696:
5422:
5021:
5015:
4823:
4791:
4336:
3545:
2899:
2877:
2858:
2852:
2830:
2727:
2514:
2408:
2290:
1701:
1672:
996:
762:
752:
732:
722:
665:
524:
453:
299:
8650:
5999:
8495:
8407:
8353:
8284:
8271:
8250:
8215:
8064:
7852:
7821:
7676:
7652:
7420:
7417:
7411:
7366:
7259:
7240:
7234:
7190:
7173:
7017:
7008:
7005:
6929:
6926:
6764:
6649:
6236:
5326:
5260:
5248:
4941:
4488:
3778:
3181:
2393:
2378:
2363:
2348:
2335:
2110:
1978:
and centralization contributed to the success of the state for the next 800 years.
1941:
887:
782:
503:
324:
3513:
3218:
8416:
8402:
8377:
8330:
8293:
8279:
8103:
7952:
7905:
7812:
7777:
7649:
7644:
7572:
7546:
7402:
7277:
7271:
7256:
7249:
7203:
7193:
7026:
6971:
6965:
6962:
6908:
6856:
6692:
6626:
6614:
6602:
6590:
6575:
6554:
6473:
6377:
6374:
6348:
6263:
6242:
6230:
6197:
6191:
6161:
6083:
5893:
5245:
5200:
5154:
5148:
5138:
4928:
4028:
4006:
3773:
3486:
3273:
3268:
3161:
3112:
2924:
2721:
2642:
2462:
2230:
2114:
1945:
1662:
772:
73:
8455:
3693:
67:
8314:
7858:
7751:
7640:
7593:
7554:
7497:
7399:
7335:
7253:
7212:
7206:
7196:
7184:
6968:
6956:
6944:
6864:
6753:
6707:
6617:
6587:
6551:
6415:
6260:
6239:
6233:
6224:
6176:
6146:
6128:
6103:
6091:
6003:
5860:
5731:
5582:
5444:
5438:
5341:
5333:
5269:
5242:
5206:
5039:
4806:
4803:
4704:
4112:
3877:
3783:
3760:
3652:
3166:
2486:
2106:
1801:
1594:
1306:
685:
655:
289:
214:
117:
2919:
8793:
8609:
8532:
8517:
8389:
8321:
8201:
7846:
7843:
7596:
7590:
7550:
7506:
7414:
7375:
7209:
7148:
7049:
7046:
6974:
6959:
6920:
6917:
6860:
6799:
6681:
6387:
6380:
6357:
6251:
6245:
6209:
6131:
6087:
6044:
5836:
5734:
5728:
5686:
5585:
5388:
5350:
5123:
5009:
4923:
4733:
4684:
4439:
4423:
4116:
4042:
4003:
3977:
3971:
3932:
3873:
3844:
3569:
3481:
3381:
3283:
3263:
3191:
3187:
2993:
2891:
2275:
2165:
2098:
1809:
1805:
1763:
1638:
977:
968:
810:
246:
149:
5471:
2631:
The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Egypt pg 22-23 (1997) By Bill Manley
8562:
8359:
8237:
8171:
8089:
8080:
8011:
7937:
7840:
7584:
7485:
7408:
7262:
7218:
7098:
7023:
6983:
6914:
6911:
6905:
6844:
6796:
6784:
6698:
6675:
6668:
6584:
6578:
6548:
6360:
6332:
6314:
6305:
6254:
6047:
6041:
6035:
5940:
5910:
5716:
5628:
5525:
5462:
5410:
5239:
4964:
4899:
4889:
4800:
4751:
4636:
4616:
4612:
4397:
4261:
4121:
4101:
4054:
4013:
3800:
3755:
3604:
3589:
3460:
3417:
3345:
3325:
3176:
2051:
1968:
920:
8374:
8365:
8220:
8174:
8159:
8150:
8144:
8086:
7988:
7946:
7916:
7913:
7855:
7712:
7664:
7575:
7494:
7491:
7474:
7384:
7199:
7142:
7139:
7136:
7111:
7101:
7089:
6938:
6879:
6832:
6808:
6802:
6793:
6787:
6732:
6695:
6678:
6662:
6596:
6581:
6569:
6557:
6528:
6495:
6492:
6354:
6329:
6326:
6320:
6227:
6188:
6185:
6173:
6158:
6155:
6143:
6050:
6038:
6029:
5978:
5972:
5922:
5919:
5907:
5904:
5840:
5817:
5800:
5786:
5777:
5547:
5476:
5466:
5318:
5303:
5297:
5281:
5278:
5181:
5160:
5070:
5033:
4956:
4797:
4587:
4512:
4507:
4500:
4470:
4456:
4419:
4269:
4178:
4093:
4063:
4049:
3818:
3804:
3749:
3684:
3614:
3584:
3402:
3340:
3293:
1990:
associated with living representatives became widespread in the country.
1975:
1953:
1929:
1921:
1910:
1628:
675:
368:
5540:
1967:
which became models for the later Old Kingdom constructions such as the
8383:
8380:
8362:
8339:
8324:
8318:
8198:
8195:
8153:
8141:
8135:
8120:
7991:
7982:
7979:
7973:
7955:
7925:
7733:
7658:
7599:
7465:
7405:
7268:
7162:
7133:
7130:
7127:
7115:
7107:
7095:
7083:
6829:
6805:
6790:
6726:
6688:
6665:
6659:
6563:
6302:
6134:
6032:
5991:
5981:
5975:
5937:
5934:
5931:
5925:
5913:
5901:
5898:
5868:
5814:
5811:
5624:
5603:
5579:
5555:
5384:
5275:
5272:
5263:
5254:
5173:
5064:
4950:
4905:
4893:
4737:
4575:
4571:
4520:
4341:
4249:
4175:
4171:
3915:
3788:
3738:
3732:
3465:
3422:
3091:
3069:
3033:
2003:
1925:
1786:
6534:
2018:
representing the niched or gated façade of a palace surmounted by the
8392:
8335:
8192:
8162:
8156:
8147:
8132:
8126:
8108:
8083:
7961:
7943:
7730:
7727:
7587:
7514:
7500:
7471:
7459:
7381:
7352:
7092:
7086:
6851:
6781:
6738:
6735:
6684:
6467:
6384:
6370:
6367:
6323:
6317:
6299:
6221:
6212:
6182:
6179:
6170:
6152:
6149:
5987:
5984:
5848:
5844:
5820:
5768:
5755:
5725:
5620:
5616:
5494:
5354:
5091:
5086:
5082:
5051:
4968:
4945:
4909:
4794:
4717:
4640:
4632:
4599:
4496:
4480:
4452:
4415:
4284:
4242:
4059:
3938:
3824:
3434:
3386:
3335:
3003:
2684:
2672:
2055:
2015:
1901:
1833:
514:
1800:. With the First Dynasty, the Egyptian capital moved from Thinis to
8342:
8168:
8129:
8123:
8000:
7581:
7578:
7523:
7520:
7462:
7393:
7343:
7306:
7159:
6701:
6560:
6542:
6525:
6463:
6390:
6364:
6311:
6293:
6203:
6078:
5969:
5960:
5948:
5916:
5880:
5856:
5806:
5774:
5750:
5722:
5692:
5680:
5673:
5659:
5653:
5588:
5498:
5480:
5392:
5370:
5366:
5251:
5177:
5006:
4960:
4937:
4932:
4863:
4858:
4827:
4644:
4568:
4564:
4557:
4435:
4356:
4201:
4033:
4023:
4018:
4009:
3945:
3928:
3699:
3646:
3455:
3428:
3407:
3365:
3360:
3350:
3330:
3278:
3143:
3086:
3075:
3059:
3038:
2148:
1999:
1914:
742:
8571:. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 532–534 (Chronological Tables).
7560:
8395:
8223:
8204:
8189:
8183:
8177:
7511:
7456:
7349:
7346:
7294:
7145:
6887:
6826:
6747:
6741:
6482:
6476:
6248:
6218:
6073:
5963:
5928:
5719:
5662:
5563:
5532:
5236:
4785:
4728:
4657:
4552:
4544:
4409:
4344:
4151:
4148:
4133:
4129:
3941:
3935:
3919:
3797:
3412:
3127:
3096:
3064:
3054:
3008:
2998:
2978:
2661:
http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/hesyra/Egyptgallery03.html
2118:
2102:
2086:
1964:
1937:
1829:
5648:
1952:
and identified with Lower Egypt, as conquering and subduing the
8186:
8180:
8138:
8049:
7517:
7468:
7043:
Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Babylonian dynasties ("Period of Chaos")
6841:
6744:
6729:
6713:
6458:
6443:
6308:
6215:
6206:
6140:
6097:
5966:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5852:
5824:
5765:
5656:
5551:
5378:
5257:
5169:
5157:
4788:
4745:
4710:
4691:
4663:
4560:
4492:
4430:
4373:
4325:
4234:
4205:
4161:
4158:
4108:
4038:
3956:
3909:
3859:
3834:
3829:
3808:
3625:
3599:
3574:
3502:
3439:
3355:
3303:
3207:
3117:
2973:
2453:
2305:
2094:
2011:
1972:
1933:
1759:
1279:
349:
285:
262:
230:
198:
165:
133:
101:
8692:
5643:
5195:
4867:
4465:
4460:
4288:
4273:
1909:
Extensive use of copper became common during this period. The
8386:
8368:
6883:
6489:
6470:
5536:
5447:
5418:
5345:
5077:
4741:
4628:
4547:
4475:
4352:
4348:
4230:
4168:
4164:
4125:
3912:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3812:
3594:
3122:
3081:
2969:
2458:
2156:
2090:
2089:, the first monarch of the unified Upper and Lower Egypt was
2023:
2019:
1987:
1983:
1949:
5760:
4722:
2574:(Charles Scribner's Sons Publishers: New York, 1966), p. 53.
7340:
7104:
7031:
6875:
6631:
5742:
5597:
5519:
5360:
5288:
5117:
5003:
4834:
4809:
4697:
4678:
4447:
4405:
4360:
4300:
4238:
4185:
4154:
4083:
3983:
3925:
3922:
3869:
3713:
3705:
3675:
3635:
3619:
3609:
3579:
2988:
2983:
2537:(Charles Scribner's Sons Publishing: New York, 1966) p. 51.
2180:
2026:"abroad through the northern Sinai to southern Palestine."
1905:
1816:; the hallmarks of ancient Egyptian civilization, such as
5337:
30:"Thinite Period" redirects here. Not to be confused with
8506:. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. pp. 48–49.
1785:, lasting from the end of the archaeological culture of
4974:
3630:
8485:
Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional.
2874:
Early Dynastic Egypt: Strategies, Society and Security
8680:
6006:
Ilum-gamil Anam of Uruk Irdanene Rim-Anum Nabi-ilišu
5074:
Anbu, Anba, Bazi, Zizi of Mari, Limer, Sharrum-iter
2582:
2580:
3543:
3248:
2754:
Ancient Egyptian brewery found in downtown Tel Aviv
2697:
Southern Canaan as an Egyptian Protodynastic Colony
2561:(Charles Scribner's Sons: New York, 1966) p. 52-53.
1924:, occurred. At the same time, the societies of the
1804:, with the unified land being ruled by an Egyptian
4877:(King of Lagash, Sumer, Akkad, conqueror of Elam)
2954:
2577:
2441:Early Dynastic Egypt, with contemporary cultures
8791:
2781:The Middle Kingdom Egyptian Fortresses in Nubia.
2124:
270:Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) (Northeast Africa)
2764:
8666:
3529:
3234:
2940:
2769:. Universidad de Jaen. pp. 370, Table 8.
2767:Los primeros reyes y la unificación de Egipto
1762:, the hometown of its rulers), is the era of
1727:
938:
8520:. cdli.ox.ac.uk. University of Oxford, CNRS.
8494:
5998:: Alila-hadum Sumu-binasa Naram-Sin of Uruk
4591:"King of Ur and Kish", victorious over Uruk
1766:that immediately follows the unification of
8530:
7747:Seleukos I Nikator Tetradrachm from Babylon
2719:
8673:
8659:
3536:
3522:
3241:
3227:
2947:
2933:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2543:
1734:
1720:
945:
931:
8447:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia
5043:"King of the four quarters of the world"
2871:
2713:
2598:
2596:
8618:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 5.
2898:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
2640:
8463:
2890:
2540:
1777:. It is generally taken to include the
14:
8792:
8592:
8590:
8588:
8328:
7558:
7356:
5136:
5127:(Governor of Umma, King of all Sumer)
5031:
3955:
2805:
2649:. Oxford University Press. p. 75.
2593:
2406:
1702:List of pharaohs by period and dynasty
8654:
8608:
8453:
8420:
8415:
8406:
8358:
8297:
8292:
8283:
8278:
8269:
8259:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8235:
8101:
8073:
8068:
8063:
8053:
8044:
8034:
8029:
8018:
8009:
7903:
7638:
7545:
7443:
7433:
7319:
7167:
7076:
6898:
6891:
6849:
6773:
6751:
6719:
6705:
6674:
6658:
6532:
6504:
6480:
6435:
6396:
6341:
6277:
6110:
6095:
6072:
6059:
6022:
5872:
5829:
5703:
5679:
5671:
5634:
5572:
5561:
5531:
5515:
5484:
5451:
5431:
5409:
5376:
5285:
5217:
5205:
5164:
5076:
5068:
4996:
4777:
4531:
4524:
4486:
4413:
4395:
4364:
4317:
4283:
4268:
4260:
4247:
4228:
4216:
4199:
4183:
4146:
4099:
4073:
3995:
3960:
3888:
3712:
3681:
3674:
3663:
3644:
3517:
3222:
2928:
2419:
2391:
2376:
2361:
2346:
2333:
2318:
2303:
2288:
2273:
2258:
2200:
2187:
2136:
1843:
173:Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) (Egypt)
8561:
2850:
2824:
2810:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 29.
2502:
2243:
2228:
2178:
2163:
2154:
2145:
8585:
2854:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2765:Jiménez-Serrano, Alejandro (2007).
2726:. Van den Brink. pp. 433–440.
2647:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2602:
2509:. Oxford University Press. p.
2506:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2493:. Blackwell Publishing, 1992, p. 49
2213:
24:
8541:. Getty Publications. p. 14.
8460:Chronology of the Neolithic period
8112:
7742:
7559:
7541:First Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
7326:
7217:
6533:
6505:
6448:
6278:
5885:
5539:
3900:
2844:
2829:. University of California Press.
2685:http://narmer.org/inscription/4048
2673:http://narmer.org/inscription/1553
2121:is to be identified with "Menes".
25:
8826:
8117:Coin of Ardashir I, Hamadan mint.
6453:Pharaoh Ahmose I slaying a Hyksos
4264:("made the land of Elam submit")
2913:
1944:representing Upper Egypt and the
8774:
8773:
8538:Mesopotamia: Civilization Begins
8464:
8454:
5759:
5647:
5642:
5470:
5199:
5194:
5025:
4871:
4866:
4721:
4620:
4551:
4464:
4459:
4329:
4292:
4287:
4277:
4272:
4067:
3717:
3704:
3692:
3657:
3302:
3017:
2147:
2131:
2074:
2062:
2043:
2031:
914:
513:
471:
446:
254:
238:
222:
206:
190:
183:
157:
141:
125:
109:
93:
86:
66:
8602:
8555:
8524:
8510:
8488:
8479:
7535:Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
3250:Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt
2857:. UK: Oxford University Press.
2799:
2786:
2773:
2758:
2747:
2701:
2689:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2115:crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt
207:
110:
8800:Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
8470:Rulers of Ancient Central Asia
7608:Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt
7155:Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt
7079:Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt
5641:"Kings of Ur, Sumer and Akkad"
2956:First Dynasty of Ancient Egypt
2634:
2625:
2564:
2527:
2496:
2480:
1708:Periodization of ancient Egypt
255:
239:
223:
191:
158:
142:
126:
94:
41:Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
18:Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
13:
1:
8440:Muslim conquest of the Levant
7686:Cleopatra II Philometor Soter
7629:Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
7614:Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt
7452:Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt
7322:Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt
7123:Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt
6822:Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt
2825:Reid, Donald Malcolm (2003).
2473:
2442:
2125:Egyptians in Canaan and Nubia
2093:, who is now identified with
1904:Egyptian societies along the
1812:remained the major centre of
1790:
1771:
1015:
412:
397:
359:
340:
54:
47:
6989:Fourth Babylonian dynasty ("
3723:(Uruk influence or control)
2808:Ancient Egyptian Imperialism
273:Show map of Northeast Africa
7:
7683:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
6722:Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6521:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6068:Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6062:Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
5322:(Vassals of the Akkadians)
4309:Indus-Mesopotamia relations
3710:(Anonymous "King-priests")
3665:Egypt-Mesopotamia relations
2113:showing Narmer wearing the
10:
8831:
8815:3rd millennium BC in Egypt
8810:4th millennium BC in Egypt
8805:Dynasties of ancient Egypt
8475:
8310:Sasanian conquest of Egypt
7737:
7620:Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
7504:
7478:
7430:Assyrian conquest of Egypt
6776:Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
6541:Third Babylonian dynasty (
6438:Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
6400:Second Intermediate Period
5210:(vassal of the Akkadians)
4598:
3743:Early or legendary kings:
2818:
2588:The World of Ancient Times
2572:The World of Ancient Times
2559:The World of Ancient Times
2535:The World of Ancient Times
2491:A History of Ancient Egypt
2078:
1851:
1796:, or the beginning of the
29:
8769:
8689:
8444:
8437:
8430:
8401:
8351:
8348:
8307:
8266:
8232:
8213:
8055:Parthamaspates of Parthia
8041:
8006:
7865:
7833:
7626:
7605:
7532:
7529:
7435:Assyrian conquest of Elam
7428:
7316:
7282:
7216:
7177:
7041:
7030:
6987:
6815:Third Intermediate Period
6630:
6501:
6345:Second Babylonian dynasty
6290:("Old Babylonian Period")
6056:
6008:
5772:
5740:
5712:Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt
5684:
5668:
5615:
5612:
5595:
5517:
5502:
5461:
5428:
5374:
5358:
5332:
5324:
5295:
5220:First Intermediate Period
5214:
5190:
5146:
5131:
5115:
5090:
5081:
5055:
5050:
4862:
4841:
4822:
4813:
4774:
4749:
4732:
4708:
4695:
4690:
4676:
4661:
4652:
4604:
4580:
4505:
4445:
4428:
4393:
4372:
4366:Early Dynastic Period III
4314:
4298:
4226:
4224:
4213:
4140:
4091:
4081:
3992:
3969:
3885:
3816:
3747:
3730:
3727:
3668:
3641:
3568:
3552:
3495:
3474:
3448:
3395:
3374:
3311:
3300:
3256:
3200:
3152:
3136:
3105:
3047:
3026:
3015:
2962:
1814:ancient Egyptian religion
676:Roman and Byzantine Egypt
425:
421:
406:
391:
387:
379:
375:
356:
337:
333:
323:
315:
305:
295:
281:
81:
63:
46:
39:
8433:Muslim conquest of Egypt
7897:Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
7728:Cleopatra VII Philopator
7225:Eight Babylonian Dynasty
6287:First Babylonian dynasty
6025:Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
5529:(vassal of the Gutians)
5226:Seventh Dynasty of Egypt
4218:Early Dynastic Period II
2872:Wilkinson, Toby (2001).
2659:Qa'a and Merneith lists
2468:
1950:falcon-god, called Horus
8518:"Rulers of Mesopotamia"
8261:Province of Mesopotamia
8070:Province of Mesopotamia
8046:Province of Mesopotamia
8021:Roman conquest of Egypt
7862:Antigonus II Mattathias
7656:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
7229:Ninurta-kudurri-usur II
5706:Middle Kingdom of Egypt
5232:Eighth Dynasty of Egypt
4540:Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
4075:Early Dynastic Period I
3998:Second Dynasty of Egypt
2876:. New York: Routledge.
2792:Drower, Margaret 1970:
2605:"Early Dynastic Period"
2503:Shaw, Ian, ed. (2000).
621:3rd Intermediate Period
601:2nd Intermediate Period
581:1st Intermediate Period
8118:
7900:Philip II Philoromaeus
7894:Antiochus XII Dionysus
7888:Demetrius III Eucaerus
7885:Antiochus XI Epiphanes
7876:Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
7748:
7716:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
7671:Arsinoe III Philopator
7564:
7332:
7222:
7059:Ninurta-kudurri-usur I
6991:Second Dynasty of Isin
6538:
6511:
6454:
6283:
6166:(Non-dynastic usurpers
5890:
5575:Tenth Dynasty of Egypt
5544:
5434:Ninth Dynasty of Egypt
4999:Sixth Dynasty of Egypt
4780:Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
4607:Second kingdom of Mari
4320:Third Dynasty of Egypt
4254:Dumuzid, the Fisherman
3906:
3897:First Dynasty of Egypt
2806:Morris, Ellen (2018).
2794:Nubia, A Drowning Land
2707:Branislav Anđelković,
2695:Branislav Anđelković,
2612:The Ancient Egypt Site
2081:First Dynasty of Egypt
2010:of signs, where royal
1506:Twenty-seventh Dynasty
8504:The Ancient Near East
8422:Byzantine Mesopotamia
8336:Province of Asoristan
8299:Byzantine Mesopotamia
8116:
8109:Province of Asoristan
7891:Philip I Philadelphus
7879:Seleucus VI Epiphanes
7873:Antiochus VIII Grypus
7870:Seleucus V Philometor
7825:Antiochus VII Sidetes
7819:Antiochus VI Dionysus
7746:
7719:Berenice IV Epiphanea
7680:Ptolemy VI Philometor
7668:Ptolemy IV Philopator
7665:Berenice II Euergetis
7662:Ptolemy III Euergetes
7563:
7481:Neo-Babylonian Empire
7391:Marduk-apla-iddina II
7388:Marduk-zakir-shumi II
7379:Marduk-apla-iddina II
7330:
7285:Humban-Tahrid dynasty
7221:
6942:Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur
6632:Middle Elamite period
6537:
6509:
6452:
6282:
5889:
5543:
5298:Third kingdom of Mari
5019:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
4094:First kingdom of Mari
3904:
3891:Early Dynastic Period
3733:Proto-Dynastic period
2002:. In all likelihood,
1822:Egyptian architecture
1768:Upper and Lower Egypt
1748:Early Dynastic Period
1639:Thirty-fourth Dynasty
1595:Thirty-second Dynasty
1522:Twenty-eighth Dynasty
1444:Twenty-fourth Dynasty
1418:Twenty-second Dynasty
561:Early Dynastic Period
296:Common languages
7867:Alexander II Zabinas
7731:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
7707:Ptolemy XI Alexander
7689:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
7244:Marduk-zakir-shumi I
7232:Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina
7056:Eulmash-shakin-shumi
6997:Marduk-kabit-ahheshu
6621:Marduk-apla-iddina I
6515:New Kingdom of Egypt
6338:Early Kassite rulers
5632:(Vassals of Ur III)
5613:(Vassals of UR III)
5013:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
4983:Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna II
4534:Old Kingdom of Egypt
3172:Den seal impressions
2457:occupation in lower
2438:class=notpageimage|
1958:African humid period
1838:Egyptian hieroglyphs
1673:Thirty-fifth Dynasty
1608:Thirty-third Dynasty
1564:(2nd Persian Period)
1562:Thirty-first Dynasty
1535:Twenty-ninth Dynasty
1508:(1st Persian Period)
1492:Twenty-sixth Dynasty
1457:Twenty-fifth Dynasty
1431:Twenty-third Dynasty
1405:Twenty-first Dynasty
831:Muhammad Ali dynasty
467:Old Kingdom of Egypt
8372:Shapur-i Shahrvaraz
7882:Antiochus X Eusebes
7710:Ptolemy XII Auletes
7701:Ptolemy X Alexander
7695:Ptolemy IX Lathyros
7674:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
7359:Neo-Assyrian Empire
7247:Marduk-balassu-iqbi
7180:Neo-Assyrian Empire
7003:Ninurta-nadin-shumi
6894:Syro-Hittite states
6600:Shagarakti-Shuriash
6273:Ashur-nadin-ahhe II
5267:Neferkare Pepiseneb
5166:Akkadian Governors:
3670:Pre-Dynastic period
2796:, London, pp. 16-17
2683:The Narmer Catalog
2671:The Narmer Catalog
1319:Seventeenth Dynasty
1254:Second Intermediate
997:Pre-dynastic period
666:Ptolemaic dynasties
32:Thinite Confederacy
8598:Sumerian King List
8412:Palaestina Secunda
8289:Palaestina Secunda
8119:
7850:Alexander Jannaeus
7749:
7739:Hellenistic Period
7565:
7333:
7311:Humban-haltash III
7275:Nabu-shuma-ukin II
7223:
7188:Tukulti-Ninurta II
7169:Kingdom of Samaria
7065:Mar-biti-apla-usur
7062:Shirikti-shuqamuna
7032:Neo-Elamite period
7015:Marduk-shapik-zeri
7000:Itti-Marduk-balatu
6981:Tiglath-Pileser II
6978:Ashur-resh-ishi II
6933:Enlil-kudurri-usur
6624:Zababa-shuma-iddin
6609:Kadashman-Harbe II
6594:Kadashman-Enlil II
6539:
6512:
6455:
6284:
6270:Ashur-rim-nisheshu
6267:Ashur-bel-nisheshu
6258:Ashur-nadin-ahhe I
6017:Siwe-Palar-Khuppak
5891:
5545:
4920:Lugal-kinishe-dudu
4301:Old Elamite period
4193:Mesh-ki-ang-gasher
4046:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
3963:Jemdet Nasr period
3907:
3289:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
2851:Shaw, Ian (2003).
2603:Kinnaer, Jacques.
1940:, composed of the
1900:By about 3600 BC,
1844:Cultural evolution
1396:Third Intermediate
1362:Nineteenth Dynasty
1349:Eighteenth Dynasty
1263:Fourteenth Dynasty
1233:Thirteenth Dynasty
1114:First Intermediate
878:Sultanate of Egypt
868:British occupation
841:Khedivate of Egypt
713:Rashidun caliphate
534:Predynastic Period
8787:
8786:
8683:Ancient Near East
8648:
8647:
8642:
8641:
8638:
8637:
8625:978-1-62564-606-4
8610:Unger, Merrill F.
8578:978-0-14-193825-7
8548:978-1-60606-649-2
8315:Province of Egypt
8246:Province of Egypt
8026:Province of Egypt
7768:Antigonid dynasty
7568:Achaemenid Empire
7489:Nebuchadnezzar II
7397:Ashur-nadin-shumi
7266:Nabu-shuma-ishkun
7238:Nabu-shuma-ukin I
7053:Kashshu-nadin-ahi
7021:Marduk-ahhe-eriba
7012:Marduk-nadin-ahhe
6954:Asharid-apal-Ekur
6951:Tiglath-Pileser I
6948:Ashur-resh-ishi I
6936:Ninurta-apal-Ekur
6924:Tukulti-Ninurta I
6871:Kingdom of Israel
6839:Osorkon the Elder
6760:Shutrukid dynasty
6645:Igehalkid dynasty
6612:Adad-shuma-iddina
6606:Enlil-nadin-shumi
6573:Kadashman-Enlil I
6567:Kadashman-harbe I
6011:Sukkalmah dynasty
5875:Isin-Larsa period
5697:Shimashki Dynasty
5423:Puzur-Inshushinak
5022:Netjerkare Siptah
4792:Neferirkare Kakai
4337:Egyptian pyramids
3546:Ancient Near East
3511:
3510:
3257:Attested pharaohs
3216:
3215:
2864:978-0-19-280458-7
2733:978-965-221-015-9
2461:after the Nubian
2006:saw the earliest
1898:
1897:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1744:
1743:
1691:
1690:
1653:
1652:
1619:
1618:
1586:Hellenistic Egypt
1576:
1575:
1548:Thirtieth Dynasty
1473:
1472:
1386:
1385:
1375:Twentieth Dynasty
1330:
1329:
1294:Sixteenth Dynasty
1276:Fifteenth Dynasty
1244:
1243:
1187:
1186:
1104:
1103:
1035:
1034:
955:
954:
906:
905:
859:Late Modern Egypt
849:
848:
821:French occupation
791:
790:
753:Ikhshidid dynasty
723:Umayyad caliphate
694:
693:
648:Greco-Roman Egypt
639:
638:
542:
541:
525:Prehistoric Egypt
487:
486:
483:
482:
479:
478:
459:
458:
454:Predynastic Egypt
310:Egyptian religion
176:Show map of Egypt
16:(Redirected from
8822:
8777:
8776:
8681:Timeline of the
8675:
8668:
8661:
8652:
8651:
8630:
8629:
8606:
8600:
8594:
8583:
8582:
8559:
8553:
8552:
8531:Thomas, Ariane;
8528:
8522:
8521:
8514:
8508:
8507:
8492:
8486:
8483:
8468:
8458:
8408:Palaestina Prima
8354:Byzantine Empire
8285:Palaestina Prima
8272:Byzantine Empire
8251:Syria Palaestina
8216:Palmyrene Empire
8202:Bahram VI Chobin
8065:Syria Palaestina
7853:Salome Alexandra
7836:Kingdom of Judea
7822:Diodotus Tryphon
7677:Cleopatra I Syra
7653:Ptolemy Keraunos
7421:Ashur-uballit II
7418:Sin-shumu-lishir
7412:Ashur-etil-ilani
7367:Sargonid dynasty
7260:Marduk-apla-usur
7241:Nabu-apla-iddina
7235:Shamash-mudammiq
7191:Ashurnasirpal II
7174:Kingdom of Judah
7018:Adad-apla-iddina
7009:Enlil-nadin-apli
7006:Nebuchadnezzar I
6930:Ashur-nirari III
6927:Ashur-nadin-apli
6765:Shutruk-Nakhunte
6650:Untash-Napirisha
6639:Kidinuid dynasty
6237:Shamshi-Adad III
5945:Dynasty of Larsa
5763:
5651:
5646:
5474:
5327:Shar-Kali-Sharri
5261:Neferkare Tereru
5249:Neferkare Khendu
5203:
5198:
5029:
4988:Kiku-siwe-tempti
4875:
4870:
4725:
4654:Kish III dynasty
4624:
4555:
4468:
4463:
4368:(2600–2340 BCE)
4333:
4296:
4291:
4281:
4276:
4220:(2700–2600 BCE)
4077:(2900–2700 BCE)
4071:
3988:(3100–2700 BCE)
3967:(3100–2900 BCE)
3721:
3708:
3696:
3672:(4000–2900 BCE)
3661:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3538:
3531:
3524:
3515:
3514:
3306:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3220:
3219:
3182:MacGregor plaque
3021:
3020:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2926:
2925:
2909:
2887:
2868:
2840:
2812:
2811:
2803:
2797:
2790:
2784:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2762:
2756:
2751:
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2744:
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2740:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2681:
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2657:
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2620:
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2609:
2600:
2591:
2584:
2575:
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2562:
2555:
2538:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2500:
2494:
2484:
2447:
2444:
2432:
2430:
2417:
2415:
2404:
2402:
2389:
2387:
2374:
2372:
2359:
2357:
2344:
2342:
2331:
2329:
2326:Northeast Asians
2316:
2314:
2301:
2299:
2286:
2284:
2271:
2269:
2256:
2254:
2241:
2239:
2226:
2224:
2211:
2209:
2198:
2196:
2185:
2183:
2176:
2174:
2161:
2159:
2152:
2151:
2143:
2141:
2135:
2111:cosmetic palette
2066:
2047:
2035:
1915:sun-dried bricks
1856:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1808:. In the south,
1795:
1792:
1776:
1773:
1750:, also known as
1736:
1729:
1722:
1668:
1667:
1641:(Roman Pharaohs)
1634:
1633:
1591:
1590:
1488:
1487:
1401:
1400:
1345:
1344:
1259:
1258:
1207:Eleventh Dynasty
1202:
1201:
1176:Eleventh Dynasty
1119:
1118:
1050:
1049:
1017:
993:
992:
957:
956:
947:
940:
933:
921:Egypt portal
919:
918:
917:
888:Kingdom of Egypt
864:
863:
807:
806:
709:
708:
652:
651:
557:
556:
530:
529:
517:
507:
489:
488:
475:
474:
463:
462:
450:
449:
443:
442:
427:
426:
417:
414:
402:
399:
364:
361:
345:
342:
300:Ancient Egyptian
274:
258:
257:
242:
241:
226:
225:
210:
209:
194:
193:
187:
177:
161:
160:
145:
144:
129:
128:
113:
112:
97:
96:
90:
70:
59:
56:
52:
49:
37:
36:
21:
8830:
8829:
8825:
8824:
8823:
8821:
8820:
8819:
8790:
8789:
8788:
8783:
8765:
8764:
8762:
8685:
8679:
8649:
8644:
8643:
8634:
8633:
8626:
8607:
8603:
8595:
8586:
8579:
8560:
8556:
8549:
8529:
8525:
8516:
8515:
8511:
8493:
8489:
8484:
8480:
8417:Byzantine Syria
8403:Byzantine Egypt
8378:Farrukh Hormizd
8338:
8334:
8331:Sasanian Empire
8317:
8313:
8294:Byzantine Syria
8280:Byzantine Egypt
8219:
8111:
8107:
8104:Sasanian Empire
8024:
7929:Mithridates III
7909:
7906:Parthian Empire
7839:
7778:Seleucid Empire
7775:
7765:
7741:
7650:Ptolemy I Soter
7648:
7645:Ptolemaic Egypt
7617:
7611:
7571:
7553:
7549:
7547:Kings of Byblos
7538:
7510:
7484:
7455:
7449:
7423:
7403:Mushezib-Marduk
7373:Tiglath-Pileser
7371:
7362:
7339:
7325:
7309:
7305:
7301:
7297:
7293:
7289:
7288:
7280:
7278:Nabu-mukin-zeri
7272:Nabu-nadin-zeri
7257:Marduk-bel-zeri
7250:Baba-aha-iddina
7227:
7204:Adad-nirari III
7194:Shalmaneser III
7183:
7172:
7171:
7158:
7152:
7151:
7149:Menkheperre Ini
7126:
7119:
7118:
7082:
7068:Nabû-mukin-apli
7045:
7034:(1100–540 BCE)
7027:Nabu-shum-libur
6995:
6972:Ashur-nirari IV
6966:Ashurnasirpal I
6963:Shamshi-Adad IV
6909:Ashur-uballit I
6904:
6886:
6882:
6878:
6874:
6868:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6857:Kings of Byblos
6855:
6825:
6818:
6812:
6811:
6780:
6779:
6763:
6757:
6725:
6712:
6711:
6693:Neferneferuaten
6653:
6652:
6648:
6642:
6636:
6635:(1500–1100 BCE)
6627:Enlil-nadin-ahi
6615:Adad-shuma-usur
6603:Kashtiliashu IV
6591:Kadashman-Turgu
6576:Burnaburiash II
6555:Kashtiliash III
6547:
6524:
6518:
6488:
6487:(1600–1260 BCE)
6486:
6456:
6447:
6441:
6429:
6423:
6419:
6413:
6409:
6403:
6383:
6378:Peshgaldaramesh
6373:
6363:
6353:
6349:Sealand Dynasty
6346:
6343:
6342:
6336:
6335:
6298:
6291:
6289:
6264:Ashur-nirari II
6243:Puzur-Ashur III
6231:Shamshi-Adad II
6202:
6200:
6198:Adaside dynasty
6195:
6194:
6169:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6116:
6107:
6101:
6090:
6086:
6084:Kings of Byblos
6082:
6076:
6065:
6028:
6015:
6014:
5996:Uruk VI dynasty
5994:
5943:
5894:Dynasty of Isin
5884:
5878:
5867:
5863:
5859:
5855:
5851:
5847:
5843:
5839:
5835:
5810:
5804:
5797:
5793:
5792:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5764:
5758:
5754:
5748:
5745:
5715:
5709:
5691:
5652:
5640:
5631:
5627:
5623:
5619:
5602:
5592:
5578:
5562:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5535:
5528:
5524:
5510:
5506:
5497:
5493:
5492:
5490:
5479:
5475:
5469:
5465:
5456:(2150–2000 BCE)
5437:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5369:
5365:
5353:
5349:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5301:
5291:
5246:Djedkare Shemai
5235:
5229:
5223:
5209:
5180:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5155:Sargon of Akkad
5153:
5152:
5149:Akkadian Empire
5141:(2340–2150 BCE)
5139:Akkadian Period
5126:
5122:
5110:
5106:
5085:
5073:
5063:
5059:
5042:
5038:
5024:
5002:
4981:
4979:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4931:
4922:
4908:
4904:
4892:
4888:
4876:
4847:
4844:
4838:
4826:
4817:
4784:
4783:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4755:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4727:
4726:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4703:
4702:
4686:
4683:
4671:
4667:
4656:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4602:(2500-539 BCE)
4590:
4586:
4556:
4550:
4543:
4537:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4479:
4473:
4469:
4455:
4451:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4422:
4418:
4408:
4404:
4402:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4324:
4323:
4307:
4306:
4305:(2700–1500 BCE)
4304:
4252:
4241:
4204:("conqueror of
4190:
4174:
4167:
4157:
4143:
4124:
4120:
4115:
4106:
4097:
4089:
4086:
4066:
4002:
4001:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3966:
3908:
3894:
3881:
3822:
3753:
3742:
3736:
3722:
3716:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3689:(4000–3100 BCE)
3688:
3682:
3656:
3650:
3622:
3603:
3593:
3566:
3564:
3548:
3542:
3512:
3507:
3491:
3487:Shunet El Zebib
3470:
3444:
3391:
3370:
3313:
3312:Obscure pharaoh
3307:
3298:
3252:
3247:
3217:
3212:
3196:
3162:Narmer macehead
3154:
3148:
3132:
3101:
3043:
3022:
3018:
3013:
2958:
2953:
2916:
2906:
2884:
2865:
2847:
2845:Further reading
2837:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2804:
2800:
2791:
2787:
2778:
2774:
2763:
2759:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2718:
2714:
2706:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2658:
2654:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2614:
2607:
2601:
2594:
2585:
2578:
2569:
2565:
2556:
2541:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2501:
2497:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2463:A-Group culture
2450:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2383:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2368:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2325:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2295:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2265:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2250:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2220:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2170:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2146:
2144:
2139:
2137:
2127:
2083:
2077:
2070:
2067:
2058:
2048:
2039:
2036:
2014:—a rectangular
1878:
1860:
1846:
1836:. The earliest
1793:
1774:
1740:
1711:
1705:
1693:
1692:
1687:379 AD – 641 AD
1681:
1675:
1665:
1663:Byzantine Egypt
1655:
1654:
1643:
1640:
1631:
1621:
1620:
1588:
1578:
1577:
1566:
1563:
1510:
1507:
1485:
1475:
1474:
1398:
1388:
1387:
1342:
1332:
1331:
1256:
1246:
1245:
1220:Twelfth Dynasty
1199:
1189:
1188:
1123:Seventh Dynasty
1116:
1106:
1105:
1047:
1037:
1036:
990:
980:
951:
915:
913:
908:
907:
861:
851:
850:
804:
793:
792:
773:Ayyubid dynasty
763:Fatimid dynasty
743:Tulunid dynasty
733:Abbasid dynasty
706:
696:
695:
649:
641:
640:
554:
544:
543:
527:
505:
498:
472:
447:
415:
409:
400:
394:
365:
362:
346:
343:
277:
276:
275:
272:
271:
268:
267:
266:
265:
259:
251:
250:
249:
243:
235:
234:
233:
227:
219:
218:
217:
211:
203:
202:
201:
195:
179:
178:
175:
174:
171:
170:
169:
168:
162:
154:
153:
152:
146:
138:
137:
136:
130:
122:
121:
120:
114:
106:
105:
104:
98:
77:
76:
71:
57:
50:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8828:
8818:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8785:
8784:
8782:
8781:
8770:
8767:
8766:
8691:
8690:
8687:
8686:
8678:
8677:
8670:
8663:
8655:
8646:
8645:
8640:
8639:
8636:
8635:
8632:
8631:
8624:
8601:
8584:
8577:
8554:
8547:
8533:Potts, Timothy
8523:
8509:
8487:
8477:
8476:
8473:
8472:
8462:
8451:
8450:
8443:
8436:
8429:
8425:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8405:
8399:
8398:
8357:
8350:
8346:
8345:
8327:
8306:
8302:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8282:
8276:
8275:
8268:
8264:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8242:
8241:
8234:
8230:
8229:
8212:
8208:
8207:
8100:
8096:
8095:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8058:
8057:
8052:
8043:
8039:
8038:
8033:
8028:
8016:
8015:
8008:
8007:30 BCE–116 CE
8004:
8003:
7941:Mithridates IV
7923:Mithridates II
7902:
7864:
7859:Aristobulus II
7832:
7828:
7827:
7752:Argead dynasty
7736:
7641:Argead dynasty
7637:
7633:
7632:
7624:
7623:
7603:
7602:
7594:Artaxerxes III
7557:
7555:Kings of Sidon
7544:
7531:
7527:
7526:
7503:
7498:Labashi-Marduk
7477:
7442:
7438:
7437:
7432:
7426:
7425:
7400:Nergal-ushezib
7355:
7336:Black Pharaohs
7318:
7314:
7313:
7281:
7254:Ninurta-apla-X
7215:
7213:Ashur-nirari V
7207:Shalmaneser IV
7197:Shamshi-Adad V
7185:Adad-nirari II
7176:
7166:
7075:
7071:
7070:
7040:
7036:
7035:
7029:
6986:
6969:Shalmaneser II
6957:Ashur-bel-kala
6945:Mutakkil-Nusku
6901:Middle Assyria
6897:
6890:
6865:Kings of Sidon
6848:
6772:
6771:1155–1025 BCE
6768:
6767:
6754:Elamite Empire
6750:
6717:
6716:
6708:Hittite Empire
6704:
6672:
6671:
6656:
6655:
6629:
6618:Meli-Shipak II
6588:Nazi-Maruttash
6552:Burnaburiash I
6531:
6503:
6502:1531–1155 BCE
6499:
6498:
6479:
6434:
6394:
6393:
6340:
6276:
6261:Enlil-Nasir II
6240:Ashur-nirari I
6234:Ishme-Dagan II
6225:Sharma-Adad II
6177:Ashur-apla-idi
6168:1735–1701 BCE)
6147:Ashur-apla-idi
6129:Shamshi-Adad I
6124:1808–1736 BCE)
6109:
6104:Yamhad dynasty
6094:
6092:Kings of Sidon
6071:
6058:
6057:1800–1595 BCE
6054:
6053:
6020:
6019:
6007:
5871:
5861:Puzur-Ashur II
5828:
5771:
5738:
5737:
5732:Mentuhotep III
5701:
5700:
5683:
5678:
5670:
5669:2025-1763 BCE
5666:
5665:
5637:Ur III dynasty
5633:
5614:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5594:
5583:Neferkare VIII
5571:
5567:
5566:
5559:
5558:
5530:
5516:
5514:
5501:
5487:Gutian dynasty
5483:
5459:
5458:
5450:
5445:Nebkaure Khety
5439:Meryibre Khety
5430:
5426:
5425:
5408:
5375:
5373:
5357:
5330:
5329:
5323:
5294:
5284:
5270:Neferkamin Anu
5243:Neferkare Neby
5216:
5212:
5211:
5207:Lugal-ushumgal
5204:
5189:
5185:
5184:
5163:
5144:
5143:
5135:
5133:
5129:
5128:
5114:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5094:
5089:
5080:
5075:
5067:
5054:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5040:Lugalannemundu
5030:
4995:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4971:
4954:
4935:
4926:
4917:
4912:
4896:
4883:
4879:
4878:
4861:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4840:
4831:
4830:
4821:
4812:
4807:Djedkare Isesi
4804:Menkauhor Kaiu
4776:
4772:
4771:
4748:
4731:
4707:
4705:Pabilgagaltuku
4694:
4689:
4675:
4664:Akshak dynasty
4660:
4651:
4603:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4579:
4530:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4504:
4489:Enun-dara-anna
4484:
4483:
4444:
4427:
4412:
4394:
4392:
4370:
4369:
4363:
4316:
4312:
4311:
4297:
4282:
4266:
4265:
4258:
4257:
4246:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4215:
4211:
4210:
4197:
4196:
4182:
4145:
4138:
4137:
4113:Kullassina-bel
4098:
4090:
4079:
4078:
4072:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3968:
3959:
3954:
3905:Narmer Palette
3887:
3886:3100–2900 BCE
3883:
3882:
3815:
3745:
3744:
3729:
3728:3200–3100 BCE
3725:
3724:
3711:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3667:
3662:
3643:
3642:4000–3200 BCE
3639:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3597:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3544:Rulers of the
3541:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3378:
3376:
3375:Queens consort
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3246:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3223:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3167:Narmer palette
3164:
3158:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3048:Queen consorts
3045:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2959:
2952:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:Narmer Palette
2915:
2914:External links
2912:
2911:
2910:
2904:
2892:Wengrow, David
2888:
2882:
2869:
2863:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2798:
2785:
2772:
2757:
2746:
2732:
2712:
2700:
2688:
2676:
2664:
2652:
2633:
2624:
2592:
2586:Carl Roebuck,
2576:
2570:Carl Roebuck,
2563:
2557:Carl Roebuck,
2539:
2533:Carl Roebuck,
2526:
2519:
2495:
2487:Nicolas Grimal
2478:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2446: 3000 BC
2436:
2435:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2107:Narmer Palette
2079:Main article:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2061:
2059:
2049:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2030:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1845:
1842:
1794: 2686 BC
1783:Second Dynasty
1775: 3150 BC
1756:Thinite Period
1752:Archaic Period
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1649:30 BC – 313 AD
1647:
1644:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1307:Abydos Dynasty
1303:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1200:
1197:Middle Kingdom
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1136:Eighth Dynasty
1132:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1067:Fourth Dynasty
1063:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1024:Second Dynasty
1020:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
991:
986:
985:
982:
981:
976:All years are
975:
972:
971:
953:
952:
950:
949:
942:
935:
927:
924:
923:
910:
909:
904:
903:
900:
894:
893:
890:
884:
883:
880:
874:
873:
870:
862:
857:
856:
853:
852:
847:
846:
843:
837:
836:
833:
827:
826:
823:
817:
816:
813:
805:
799:
798:
795:
794:
789:
788:
785:
783:Mamluk dynasty
779:
778:
775:
769:
768:
765:
759:
758:
755:
749:
748:
745:
739:
738:
735:
729:
728:
725:
719:
718:
715:
707:
704:Medieval Egypt
702:
701:
698:
697:
692:
691:
688:
686:Sasanian Egypt
682:
681:
678:
672:
671:
668:
662:
661:
658:
656:Argead dynasty
650:
647:
646:
643:
642:
637:
636:
633:
627:
626:
623:
617:
616:
613:
607:
606:
603:
597:
596:
593:
591:Middle Kingdom
587:
586:
583:
577:
576:
573:
567:
566:
563:
555:
550:
549:
546:
545:
540:
539:
536:
528:
523:
522:
519:
518:
510:
509:
500:
499:
492:
485:
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
469:
460:
457:
456:
451:
439:
438:
433:
423:
422:
419:
418:
416: 2686 BC
410:
407:
404:
403:
401: 3150 BC
395:
392:
389:
388:
385:
384:
381:
377:
376:
373:
372:
366:
363: 2690 BC
357:
354:
353:
347:
344: 3129 BC
338:
335:
334:
331:
330:
327:
321:
320:
317:
313:
312:
307:
303:
302:
297:
293:
292:
283:
279:
278:
269:
261:
260:
253:
252:
245:
244:
237:
236:
229:
228:
221:
220:
213:
212:
205:
204:
197:
196:
189:
188:
182:
181:
180:
172:
164:
163:
156:
155:
148:
147:
140:
139:
132:
131:
124:
123:
116:
115:
108:
107:
100:
99:
92:
91:
85:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
72:
65:
64:
61:
60:
58: 2686 BC
51: 3150 BC
44:
43:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8827:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8797:
8795:
8780:
8772:
8771:
8768:
8688:
8684:
8676:
8671:
8669:
8664:
8662:
8657:
8656:
8653:
8627:
8621:
8617:
8616:
8611:
8605:
8599:
8593:
8591:
8589:
8580:
8574:
8570:
8569:
8564:
8563:Roux, Georges
8558:
8550:
8544:
8540:
8539:
8534:
8527:
8519:
8513:
8505:
8501:
8497:
8491:
8482:
8478:
8474:
8471:
8467:
8461:
8457:
8452:
8449:
8448:
8442:
8441:
8435:
8434:
8427:
8426:
8423:
8418:
8413:
8409:
8404:
8400:
8397:
8394:
8391:
8390:Yazdegerd III
8388:
8385:
8382:
8379:
8376:
8373:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8361:
8356:
8355:
8347:
8344:
8341:
8337:
8333:
8332:
8326:
8323:
8322:Sahralanyozan
8320:
8316:
8311:
8304:
8303:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8286:
8281:
8277:
8274:
8273:
8265:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8231:
8228:
8225:
8222:
8218:
8217:
8210:
8209:
8206:
8203:
8200:
8197:
8194:
8191:
8188:
8185:
8182:
8179:
8176:
8173:
8170:
8167:
8164:
8161:
8158:
8155:
8152:
8149:
8146:
8143:
8140:
8137:
8134:
8131:
8128:
8125:
8122:
8115:
8110:
8106:
8105:
8098:
8097:
8094:
8091:
8088:
8085:
8082:
8079:
8078:Mithridates V
8076:
8075:Sinatruces II
8071:
8066:
8060:
8059:
8056:
8051:
8047:
8040:
8037:
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8014:
8013:
8005:
8002:
7999:
7998:Artabanus III
7996:
7993:
7990:
7987:
7984:
7981:
7978:
7975:
7972:
7969:
7968:Tiridates III
7966:
7963:
7960:
7957:
7954:
7951:
7948:
7945:
7942:
7939:
7936:
7933:
7930:
7927:
7924:
7921:
7918:
7915:
7912:
7911:Mithridates I
7908:
7907:
7901:
7898:
7895:
7892:
7889:
7886:
7883:
7880:
7877:
7874:
7871:
7868:
7863:
7860:
7857:
7854:
7851:
7848:
7847:Aristobulus I
7845:
7844:John Hyrcanus
7842:
7838:
7837:
7830:
7829:
7826:
7823:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7813:Alexander III
7811:
7808:
7805:
7802:
7799:
7798:Antiochus III
7796:
7793:
7790:
7787:
7784:
7780:
7779:
7774:
7770:
7769:
7764:
7761:
7758:
7757:Alexander III
7754:
7753:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7732:
7729:
7726:
7723:
7720:
7717:
7714:
7711:
7708:
7705:
7702:
7699:
7696:
7693:
7692:Cleopatra III
7690:
7687:
7684:
7681:
7678:
7675:
7672:
7669:
7666:
7663:
7660:
7657:
7654:
7651:
7647:
7646:
7642:
7635:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7625:
7622:
7621:
7616:
7615:
7610:
7609:
7604:
7601:
7598:
7597:Artaxerxes IV
7595:
7592:
7591:Artaxerxes II
7589:
7586:
7583:
7580:
7577:
7574:
7570:
7569:
7562:
7556:
7552:
7551:Kings of Tyre
7548:
7542:
7537:
7536:
7528:
7525:
7522:
7519:
7516:
7513:
7509:
7508:
7507:Median Empire
7502:
7499:
7496:
7493:
7490:
7487:
7483:
7482:
7476:
7473:
7470:
7467:
7464:
7461:
7458:
7454:
7453:
7448:
7447:
7440:
7439:
7436:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7416:
7415:Sinsharishkun
7413:
7410:
7407:
7404:
7401:
7398:
7395:
7392:
7389:
7386:
7383:
7380:
7377:
7374:
7370:
7368:
7361:
7360:
7354:
7351:
7348:
7345:
7342:
7337:
7329:
7324:
7323:
7315:
7312:
7308:
7304:
7300:
7296:
7292:
7287:
7286:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7270:
7267:
7264:
7261:
7258:
7255:
7252:(five kings)
7251:
7248:
7245:
7242:
7239:
7236:
7233:
7230:
7226:
7220:
7214:
7211:
7210:Ashur-Dan III
7208:
7205:
7201:
7198:
7195:
7192:
7189:
7186:
7182:
7181:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7164:
7161:
7157:
7156:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7138:
7135:
7132:
7129:
7125:
7124:
7117:
7114:
7113:
7109:
7106:
7103:
7100:
7097:
7094:
7091:
7088:
7085:
7081:
7080:
7073:
7072:
7069:
7066:
7063:
7060:
7057:
7054:
7051:
7050:Ea-mukin-zeri
7048:
7047:Simbar-shipak
7044:
7039:1025–934 BCE
7038:
7037:
7033:
7028:
7025:
7022:
7019:
7016:
7013:
7010:
7007:
7004:
7001:
6998:
6994:
6992:
6985:
6982:
6979:
6976:
6975:Ashur-rabi II
6973:
6970:
6967:
6964:
6961:
6960:Eriba-Adad II
6958:
6955:
6952:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6940:
6937:
6934:
6931:
6928:
6925:
6922:
6921:Shalmaneser I
6919:
6918:Adad-nirari I
6916:
6913:
6910:
6907:
6903:
6902:
6896:
6895:
6889:
6885:
6881:
6877:
6873:
6872:
6866:
6862:
6861:Kings of Tyre
6858:
6854:
6853:
6847:
6846:
6843:
6840:
6837:
6834:
6831:
6828:
6824:
6823:
6817:
6816:
6810:
6807:
6804:
6801:
6800:Ramesses VIII
6798:
6795:
6792:
6789:
6786:
6783:
6778:
6777:
6770:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6761:
6756:
6755:
6749:
6746:
6743:
6740:
6737:
6734:
6731:
6728:
6724:
6723:
6718:
6715:
6710:
6709:
6703:
6700:
6697:
6694:
6691:
6690:
6686:
6683:
6682:Amenhotep III
6680:
6677:
6673:
6670:
6667:
6664:
6661:
6657:
6654:
6651:
6647:
6646:
6641:
6640:
6633:
6628:
6625:
6622:
6619:
6616:
6613:
6610:
6607:
6604:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6592:
6589:
6586:
6583:
6580:
6577:
6574:
6571:
6568:
6565:
6562:
6559:
6556:
6553:
6550:
6546:
6544:
6536:
6530:
6527:
6523:
6522:
6517:
6516:
6508:
6500:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6485:
6484:
6478:
6475:
6472:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6461:
6460:
6451:
6445:
6440:
6439:
6433:
6432:
6428:
6427:
6422:
6418:
6417:
6412:
6408:
6407:
6402:
6401:
6395:
6392:
6389:
6388:Melamkurkurra
6386:
6382:
6381:Ayadaragalama
6379:
6376:
6372:
6369:
6366:
6362:
6359:
6358:Itti-ili-nibi
6356:
6352:
6350:
6339:
6334:
6331:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6304:
6301:
6297:
6295:
6288:
6281:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6259:
6256:
6253:
6252:Ashur-shaduni
6250:
6247:
6246:Enlil-nasir I
6244:
6241:
6238:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6214:
6211:
6210:Sharma-Adad I
6208:
6205:
6201:1700–722 BCE)
6199:
6193:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6172:
6163:
6160:
6157:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6139:
6136:
6133:
6132:Ishme-Dagan I
6130:
6121:
6115:
6114:
6105:
6100:
6099:
6093:
6089:
6088:Kings of Tyre
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6063:
6055:
6052:
6049:
6046:
6045:Amenemhat III
6043:
6040:
6037:
6034:
6031:
6027:
6026:
6021:
6018:
6013:
6012:
6005:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5950:
5946:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5900:
5896:
5895:
5888:
5882:
5877:
5876:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5837:Puzur-Ashur I
5834:
5833:
5826:
5822:
5819:
5816:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5802:
5796:
5788:
5784:
5779:
5776:
5770:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5744:
5743:Third Eblaite
5739:
5736:
5735:Mentuhotep IV
5733:
5730:
5729:Mentuhotep II
5727:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5688:
5682:
5677:
5675:
5667:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5639:
5638:
5630:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5609:
5608:
5605:
5601:
5599:
5593:
5590:
5587:
5586:Wahkare Khety
5584:
5581:
5577:
5576:
5569:
5568:
5565:
5560:
5557:
5553:
5549:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5527:
5523:
5521:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5500:
5496:
5489:
5488:
5482:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5454:Ur III period
5449:
5446:
5443:
5442:Neferkare VII
5440:
5436:
5435:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5389:Ur-Ningirsu I
5386:
5382:
5380:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5362:
5356:
5352:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5328:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5305:
5300:
5299:
5293:
5290:
5283:
5280:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5227:
5222:
5221:
5213:
5208:
5202:
5197:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5162:
5159:
5156:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5134:
5130:
5125:
5121:
5119:
5113:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5096:
5093:
5088:
5084:
5079:
5072:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5053:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5037:
5035:
5028:
5023:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5001:
5000:
4993:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4924:Lugal-kisalsi
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4874:
4869:
4865:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4846:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4820:
4816:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4782:
4781:
4773:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4753:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4730:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4712:
4706:
4701:
4699:
4693:
4688:
4682:
4680:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4665:
4659:
4655:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4623:
4618:
4614:
4609:
4608:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4589:
4585:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4546:
4542:
4541:
4536:
4535:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4509:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4485:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4449:
4443:
4437:
4433:
4432:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4411:
4407:
4401:
4399:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4321:
4313:
4310:
4303:
4302:
4295:
4290:
4286:
4280:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4223:
4219:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4144:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4117:Nangishlishma
4114:
4110:
4105:
4103:
4096:
4095:
4088:
4085:
4084:First Eblaite
4080:
4076:
4070:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4044:
4043:Seth-Peribsen
4041:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4004:Hotepsekhemwy
4000:
3999:
3991:
3985:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3973:
3972:Proto-Elamite
3965:
3964:
3958:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3874:Double Falcon
3872:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3820:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3740:
3735:
3734:
3726:
3720:
3715:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3687:
3686:
3680:
3677:
3671:
3666:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3648:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3551:
3547:
3539:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3482:Gisr el-Mudir
3480:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3310:
3305:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3284:Seth-Peribsen
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3264:Hotepsekhemwy
3262:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3153:Artefacts and
3151:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2945:
2943:
2938:
2936:
2931:
2930:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2907:
2905:0-521-83586-0
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2883:0-415-26011-6
2879:
2875:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2838:
2836:9780520240698
2832:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2776:
2768:
2761:
2755:
2750:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2643:Bard, Kathryn
2637:
2628:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2597:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2573:
2567:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2536:
2530:
2522:
2520:0-19-815034-2
2516:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2499:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2479:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2439:
2431:
2429:
2416:
2414:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2210:
2197:
2195:
2184:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2160:
2150:
2142:
2134:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2085:According to
2082:
2075:First Pharaoh
2065:
2060:
2057:
2053:
2046:
2041:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1779:First Dynasty
1769:
1765:
1764:ancient Egypt
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:Tenth Dynasty
1160:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:Ninth Dynasty
1147:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1093:Sixth Dynasty
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1080:Fifth Dynasty
1078:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1054:Third Dynasty
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:First Dynasty
1006:
1005:
1002:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
989:
984:
983:
979:
974:
973:
970:
969:ancient Egypt
966:
962:
959:
958:
948:
943:
941:
936:
934:
929:
928:
926:
925:
922:
912:
911:
901:
899:
896:
895:
891:
889:
886:
885:
881:
879:
876:
875:
871:
869:
866:
865:
860:
855:
854:
844:
842:
839:
838:
834:
832:
829:
828:
824:
822:
819:
818:
814:
812:
811:Ottoman Egypt
809:
808:
802:
797:
796:
786:
784:
781:
780:
776:
774:
771:
770:
766:
764:
761:
760:
756:
754:
751:
750:
746:
744:
741:
740:
736:
734:
731:
730:
726:
724:
721:
720:
716:
714:
711:
710:
705:
700:
699:
689:
687:
684:
683:
679:
677:
674:
673:
669:
667:
664:
663:
659:
657:
654:
653:
645:
644:
634:
632:
629:
628:
624:
622:
619:
618:
614:
612:
609:
608:
604:
602:
599:
598:
594:
592:
589:
588:
584:
582:
579:
578:
574:
572:
569:
568:
564:
562:
559:
558:
553:
552:Ancient Egypt
548:
547:
537:
535:
532:
531:
526:
521:
520:
516:
512:
511:
508:
502:
501:
496:
491:
490:
470:
468:
465:
464:
461:
455:
452:
445:
444:
441:
440:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
424:
420:
411:
408:• Ended
405:
396:
393:• Began
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
367:
355:
351:
348:
336:
332:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
311:
308:
304:
301:
298:
294:
291:
287:
284:
280:
264:
248:
232:
216:
200:
186:
167:
151:
135:
119:
103:
89:
80:
75:
69:
62:
45:
38:
33:
19:
8614:
8604:
8568:Ancient Iraq
8567:
8557:
8537:
8526:
8512:
8503:
8490:
8481:
8445:
8438:
8431:
8360:Ardashir III
8352:
8329:
8270:
8238:Roman Empire
8236:
8214:
8172:Yazdegerd II
8102:
8093:Artabanus IV
8090:Vologases VI
8081:Vologases IV
8012:Roman Empire
8010:
7995:Vologases II
7971:Artabanus II
7965:Artabanus II
7950:Tiridates II
7938:Phraates III
7904:
7841:Simon Thassi
7834:
7816:Demetrius II
7804:Antiochus IV
7795:Seleucus III
7789:Antiochus II
7776:
7766:
7763:Alexander IV
7750:
7738:
7722:Ptolemy XIII
7704:Berenice III
7698:Cleopatra IV
7639:
7636:331–141 BCE
7627:
7618:
7612:
7606:
7585:Artaxerxes I
7566:
7533:
7530:539–331 BCE
7505:
7486:Nabopolassar
7479:
7450:
7444:
7441:626–539 BCE
7409:Ashurbanipal
7364:
7363:
7357:
7320:
7317:745–609 BCE
7283:
7263:Eriba-Marduk
7224:
7178:
7153:
7121:
7120:
7110:
7099:Shoshenq III
7077:
7074:911–745 BCE
7042:
7024:Marduk-zer-X
6988:
6984:Ashur-dan II
6915:Arik-den-ili
6912:Enlil-nirari
6906:Eriba-Adad I
6899:
6892:
6869:
6850:
6845:Psusennes II
6820:
6819:
6813:
6797:Ramesses VII
6785:Ramesses III
6774:
6758:
6752:
6720:
6706:
6687:
6676:Amenhotep II
6669:Thutmose III
6643:
6637:
6634:
6585:Kurigalzu II
6579:Kara-hardash
6549:Agum-Kakrime
6540:
6519:
6513:
6481:
6464:'Aper-'Anati
6462:
6457:
6436:
6430:
6424:
6420:
6414:
6410:
6404:
6398:
6397:
6361:Damqi-ilishu
6344:
6333:Samsu-Ditana
6315:Sin-muballit
6306:Sin-muballit
6285:
6255:Ashur-rabi I
6120:Shamshi-Adad
6117:
6111:
6096:
6066:
6060:
6048:Amenemhat IV
6042:Senusret III
6036:Amenemhat II
6023:
6009:
5995:
5944:
5941:Damiq-ilishu
5911:Lipit-Eshtar
5892:
5873:
5830:
5798:
5794:
5778:Shakkanakkus
5741:
5717:Mentuhotep I
5710:
5704:
5685:
5672:
5635:
5629:Puzur-Ishtar
5596:
5591:
5573:
5526:Lugalannatum
5518:
5485:
5452:
5432:
5411:Hishep-Ratep
5377:
5359:
5296:
5286:
5240:Neferkare II
5230:
5224:
5218:
5165:
5147:
5137:
5116:
5069:Invasion by
5032:
4997:
4973:
4965:Enannatum II
4929:E-iginimpa'e
4898:
4890:Igrish-Halam
4801:Nyuserre Ini
4778:
4752:Awan dynasty
4750:
4709:
4696:
4677:
4662:
4653:
4637:Ishtup-Ishar
4617:Iku-Shamagan
4613:Ikun-Shamash
4605:
4583:Ur I dynasty
4581:
4574:
4563:
4538:
4532:
4506:
4487:
4446:
4429:
4414:
4396:
4355:
4347:
4318:
4299:
4262:Enmebaragesi
4248:
4229:
4200:
4191:
4184:
4147:
4142:
4122:En-tarah-ana
4107:
4100:
4092:
4082:
4058:
4055:Neferkasokar
4053:
4048:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
3996:
3976:
3970:
3961:
3949:
3944:
3895:
3890:
3889:
3876:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3803:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3756:Finger Snail
3754:
3748:
3731:
3700:Anu Ziggurat
3683:
3651:
3645:
3563:Territories/
3461:Nefer-Setekh
3449:Other people
3418:Shepset-ipet
3396:Other royals
3346:Neferkasokar
3177:Abydos boats
3137:Other people
3074:
2895:
2873:
2853:
2826:
2807:
2801:
2793:
2788:
2779:Brian Yare,
2775:
2766:
2760:
2749:
2737:. Retrieved
2722:
2715:
2703:
2691:
2679:
2667:
2655:
2646:
2636:
2627:
2615:. Retrieved
2611:
2587:
2571:
2566:
2558:
2534:
2529:
2505:
2498:
2490:
2482:
2451:
2423:
2421:
2410:
2396:
2395:
2381:
2380:
2366:
2365:
2351:
2350:
2338:
2337:
2323:
2322:
2308:
2307:
2293:
2292:
2278:
2277:
2263:
2262:
2248:
2247:
2233:
2232:
2218:
2217:
2208:CIVILIZATION
2191:
2168:
2167:
2084:
2052:hippopotamus
2020:Horus falcon
2008:codification
1992:
1980:
1969:step pyramid
1962:
1946:papyrus reed
1942:lotus flower
1938:double crown
1919:
1911:Mesopotamian
1899:
1877:'Two Lands'
1874:
1826:
1818:Egyptian art
1755:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1706:
1700:
1677:
987:
902:1953–present
801:Early modern
680:30 BC–641 AD
615:1550–1069 BC
605:1650–1550 BC
595:2055–1650 BC
585:2181–2055 BC
575:2686–2181 BC
565:3150–2686 BC
560:
538:6000–3000 BC
436:Succeeded by
435:
430:
8500:Simpson, W.
8428:639–651 CE
8375:Azarmidokht
8366:Khosrow III
8349:628–641 CE
8305:618–628 CE
8267:395–618 CE
8233:273–395 CE
8221:Vaballathus
8211:270–273 CE
8175:Hormizd III
8160:Yazdegerd I
8151:Ardashir II
8145:Adur Narseh
8099:224–270 CE
8087:Vologases V
8061:117–224 CE
8042:116–117 CE
7989:Vardanes II
7986:Vologases I
7977:Gotarzes II
7947:Phraates IV
7917:Hyspaosines
7856:Hyrcanus II
7831:141–30 BCE
7810:Demetrius I
7807:Antiochus V
7801:Seleucus IV
7792:Seleucus II
7786:Antiochus I
7773:Antigonus I
7725:Ptolemy XIV
7713:Cleopatra V
7495:Neriglissar
7492:Amel-Marduk
7475:Psamtik III
7446:Late Period
7385:Sennacherib
7376:Shalmaneser
7303:Tammaritu I
7200:Shammuramat
7143:Takelot III
7140:Osorkon III
7137:Shoshenq VI
7112:Pedubast II
7102:Shoshenq IV
7090:Shoshenq II
6939:Ashur-dan I
6880:Ish-bosheth
6833:Psusennes I
6809:Ramesses XI
6803:Ramesses IX
6794:Ramesses VI
6788:Ramesses IV
6733:Ramesses II
6696:Tutankhamun
6679:Thutmose IV
6663:Thutmose II
6597:Kudur-Enlil
6582:Nazi-Bugash
6570:Kurigalzu I
6558:Ulamburiash
6529:Amenhotep I
6510:Tutankhamun
6496:Parshatatar
6493:Shuttarna I
6426:Seventeenth
6355:Ilum-ma-ili
6330:Ammi-saduqa
6327:Ammi-ditana
6321:Samsu-iluna
6228:Erishum III
6189:Adad-salulu
6186:Ipqi-Ishtar
6174:Ashur-dugul
6159:Adad-salulu
6156:Ipqi-Ishtar
6144:Ashur-dugul
6113:Old Assyria
6108:(Amorites)
6051:Sobekneferu
6039:Senusret II
6030:Amenemhat I
6002:Sîn-iribam
5979:Sin-Iqisham
5973:Sin-Iddinam
5923:Erra-imitti
5920:Lipit-Enlil
5908:Ishme-Dagan
5905:Iddin-Dagan
5841:Shalim-ahum
5832:Old Assyria
5818:Yasmah-Adad
5795:Lim Dynasty
5787:Hanun-Dagan
5783:Hitial-Erra
5548:Ur-Ningirsu
5504:Kuda (Uruk)
5477:Ishgum-Addu
5467:Ishtup-Ilum
5319:Ishma-Dagan
5304:Shakkanakku
5282:Neferirkare
5279:Neferkauhor
5182:Ili-ishmani
5161:Manishtushu
5124:Lugalzagesi
5120:III dynasty
5104:Puzur-Nirah
4819:Ishar-Malik
4798:Shepseskare
4588:Mesannepada
4513:Nin-kisalsi
4501:Lugal-kitun
4471:Meskalamdug
4457:Ur-Pabilsag
4270:Aga of Kish
4179:Barsal-nuna
4064:Khasekhemwy
4050:Neferkara I
4029:Weneg-Nebty
4007:Nebra/Raneb
3819:Lower Egypt
3805:Scorpion II
3750:Upper Egypt
3702:, 4000 BCE)
3685:Uruk period
3403:Khenmetptah
3341:Neferkara I
3294:Khasekhemwy
2739:24 February
2641:Shaw, Ian;
2219:Corded Ware
2109:, a votive
1976:agriculture
1930:Lower Egypt
1922:Upper Egypt
1913:process of
1881:hieroglyphs
1798:Old Kingdom
1629:Roman Egypt
1483:Late Period
1340:New Kingdom
1045:Old Kingdom
631:Late Period
625:1069–664 BC
611:New Kingdom
571:Old Kingdom
504:History of
431:Preceded by
369:Khasekhemwy
8794:Categories
8384:Khosrow IV
8381:Hormizd VI
8363:Shahrbaraz
8340:Khosrow II
8325:Shahrbaraz
8319:Shahrbaraz
8199:Khosrow II
8196:Hormizd IV
8154:Shapur III
8142:Hormizd II
8136:Bahram III
8121:Ardashir I
7992:Pacorus II
7983:Vonones II
7980:Meherdates
7974:Vardanes I
7959:Orodes III
7956:Phraates V
7935:Sinatruces
7783:Seleucus I
7760:Philip III
7734:Arsinoe IV
7659:Arsinoe II
7600:Darius III
7466:Psamtik II
7406:Esarhaddon
7299:Ummanigash
7269:Nabonassar
7163:Bakenranef
7134:Pedubast I
7131:Takelot II
7128:Harsiese A
7116:Osorkon IV
7108:Shoshenq V
7096:Osorkon II
7084:Shoshenq I
6830:Amenemnisu
6806:Ramesses X
6791:Ramesses V
6739:Amenmesses
6727:Ramesses I
6689:Smenkhkare
6666:Hatshepsut
6660:Thutmose I
6564:Karaindash
6303:Sumu-la-El
6135:Mut-Ashkur
6126:(Amorites)
6033:Senusret I
5992:Rim-Sin II
5982:Silli-Adad
5976:Sin-Eribam
5938:Suen-magir
5935:Ur-du-kuga
5932:Iter-pisha
5926:Enlil-bani
5914:Ur-Ninurta
5902:Shu-Ilishu
5899:Ishbi-Erra
5869:Erishum II
5815:Yahdun-Lim
5812:Yaggid-Lim
5625:Tura-Dagan
5604:Utu-hengal
5580:Meryhathor
5556:Nam-mahani
5522:II dynasty
5491:(21 kings)
5385:Puzer-Mama
5381:II dynasty
5363:IV dynasty
5276:Neferkaure
5273:Qakare Ibi
5264:Neferkahor
5255:Neferkamin
5174:Ilshu-rabi
5065:Ishqi-Mari
5061:Ikun-Ishar
5057:Enna-Dagan
4977:II dynasty
4951:Bara-irnun
4906:Puzur-Suen
4902:IV dynasty
4894:Irkab-Damu
4839:(3 kings)
4765:Ukkutahesh
4738:Meskiagnun
4734:A'annepada
4681:II dynasty
4576:Thamphthis
4572:Shepseskaf
4521:Lugal-dalu
4420:Udulkalama
4400:II dynasty
4342:Sekhemkhet
4250:Lugalbanda
4176:Melem-Kish
4172:En-me-nuna
3957:Canaanites
3951:Horus Bird
3916:Neithhotep
3789:Scorpion I
3739:Naqada III
3466:Pehen-Ptah
3423:Wadjitefni
3092:Seshemetka
3070:Nakhtneith
3034:Neithhotep
2474:References
2264:Afanasievo
2004:Naqada III
1996:phonograms
1986:, Set and
1926:Nile Delta
1787:Naqada III
1699:See also:
1678:speculated
660:332–310 BC
635:664–332 BC
316:Government
8496:Hallo, W.
8393:Peroz III
8227:Antiochus
8193:Khosrow I
8163:Shapur IV
8157:Bahram IV
8148:Shapur II
8133:Bahram II
8127:Hormizd I
8084:Osroes II
7962:Vonones I
7944:Orodes II
7920:Artabanus
7588:Darius II
7515:Phraortes
7501:Nabonidus
7472:Ahmose II
7460:Psamtik I
7353:Tanutamun
7202:(regent)
7093:Takelot I
7087:Osorkon I
6852:Phoenicia
6836:Amenemope
6782:Setnakhte
6736:Merneptah
6685:Akhenaten
6468:Sakir-Har
6406:Sixteenth
6385:Akurduana
6371:Gulkishar
6368:Shushushi
6324:Abi-eshuh
6318:Hammurabi
6300:Sumu-abum
6222:Shu-Ninua
6213:Iptar-Sin
6183:Sin-namir
6180:Nasir-Sin
6171:Puzur-Sin
6153:Sin-namir
6150:Nasir-Sin
6004:Sîn-gāmil
6000:Sîn-kāšid
5988:Rim-Sin I
5985:Warad-Sin
5865:Naram-Sin
5849:Erishum I
5845:Ilu-shuma
5821:Zimri-Lim
5769:Indilimma
5756:Ibbit-Lim
5726:Intef III
5689:invasions
5676:invasions
5621:Ili-Ishar
5617:Iddi-ilum
5610:2100 BCE
5600:V dynasty
5570:2125 BCE
5508:Puzur-ili
5495:La-erabum
5429:2150 BCE
5355:Shu-turul
5348:(3 years)
5315:Shu-Dagan
5215:2200 BCE
5192:Naram-Sin
5188:2250 BCE
5132:2340 BCE
5098:2350 BCE
5092:Luh-ishan
5087:Urukagina
5083:Lugalanda
5052:Isar-Damu
5048:2370 BCE
4994:2380 BCE
4969:Enentarzi
4957:Enannatum
4946:Gishakidu
4910:Ur-Zababa
4886:Adub-Damu
4882:2400 BCE
4855:2425 BCE
4849:Napilhush
4837:invasions
4815:Enar-Damu
4795:Neferefre
4775:2450 BCE
4718:Ur-Nanshe
4713:I dynasty
4700:I dynasty
4641:Ikun-Mari
4600:Phoenicia
4596:2500 BCE
4529:2575 BCE
4497:Melamanna
4481:Akalamdug
4453:A-Imdugud
4416:Ur-Nungal
4403:(5 kings)
4390:Baba-Damu
4386:Ibbi-Damu
4315:2600 BCE
4285:Gilgamesh
4243:Iltasadum
4214:2700 BCE
4188:I dynasty
4141:2800 BCE
4104:I dynasty
4060:Hudjefa I
3993:2900 BCE
3939:Semerkhet
3931:(regent)
3918:(regent)
3825:Hedju Hor
3653:Naqada II
3435:Nisuheqet
3387:Nimaathap
3336:Hudjefa I
3186:Mastabas
3155:monuments
3106:Officials
3004:Semerkhet
2294:Bolshemys
2056:crocodile
2016:cartouche
2000:ideograms
1902:Neolithic
1834:sandstone
1382:1189–1077
1369:1292–1189
1356:1549–1292
1326:1580–1549
1313:1650–1600
1301:1660–1600
1288:1674–1535
1270:1705–1690
1240:1803–1649
1227:1991–1803
1214:2061–1991
1183:2134–2061
1169:2130–2040
1156:2160–2130
1143:2181–2160
1100:2345–2181
1087:2498–2345
1074:2613–2498
1061:2686–2613
1031:2890–2686
1018:3150–2890
965:dynasties
892:1922–1953
882:1914–1922
872:1882–1922
845:1867–1914
835:1805–1953
825:1798–1801
815:1517–1867
787:1250–1517
777:1171–1250
670:310–30 BC
306:Religion
8779:Category
8612:(2014).
8565:(1992).
8535:(2020).
8502:(1971).
8343:Kavad II
8169:Bahram V
8130:Bahram I
8124:Shapur I
8001:Osroes I
7932:Orodes I
7926:Gotarzes
7914:Phraates
7579:Darius I
7576:Cambyses
7524:Astyages
7521:Cyaxares
7463:Necho II
7394:Bel-ibni
7344:Shebitku
7307:Indabibi
7160:Tefnakht
6702:Horemheb
6561:Agum III
6543:Kassites
6526:Ahmose I
6391:Ea-gamil
6375:DIŠ+U-EN
6365:Ishkibal
6312:Apil-Sin
6294:Amorites
6204:Bel-bani
6079:Biblical
5970:Nur-Adad
5961:Gungunum
5949:Naplanum
5917:Bur-Suen
5881:Amorites
5857:Sargon I
5807:Amorites
5751:Amorites
5723:Intef II
5693:Kindattu
5681:Ibbi-Sin
5660:Amar-Sin
5654:Ur-Nammu
5589:Merykare
5481:Apil-kin
5393:Pirig-me
5371:Ur-gigir
5367:Ur-nigin
5307:dynasty)
5252:Merenhor
5178:Epirmupi
5007:Userkare
4961:Entemena
4938:Ur-Lumma
4933:Meskigal
4864:Eannatum
4859:Kun-Damu
4843:Shushun-
4828:Enakalle
4687:kushanna
4673:Undalulu
4645:Iblul-Il
4569:Menkaure
4565:Bikheris
4558:Djedefre
4517:Me-durba
4442:shaengur
4436:En-hegal
4424:Labashum
4382:Agur-lim
4378:Abur-lim
4357:Qahedjet
4202:Enmerkar
4034:Wadjenes
4024:Horus Sa
4019:Nubnefer
4010:Nynetjer
3984:Susa III
3946:Sneferka
3929:Merneith
3647:Naqada I
3475:Monument
3456:Inykhnum
3429:Mesen-ka
3408:Satkhnum
3366:Wadjenes
3361:Sneferka
3351:Nubnefer
3331:Horus Sa
3321:Horus Ba
3279:Nynetjer
3144:Ahaneith
3087:Serethor
3076:Khenthap
3060:Herneith
3039:Merneith
2963:Pharaohs
2894:(2006).
2645:(2003).
2590:, p. 53.
2426:DYNASTIC
2339:Hongshan
1965:mastabas
1830:pharaohs
1806:god-king
1781:and the
1412:1069–945
1130:spurious
898:Republic
767:969–1171
495:a series
493:Part of
319:Monarchy
8396:Narsieh
8224:Zenobia
8205:Vistahm
8190:Kavad I
8184:Kavad I
8178:Peroz I
8166:Khosrow
7512:Deioces
7469:Wahibre
7457:Necho I
7350:Taharqa
7347:Shabaka
7331:Taharqa
7295:Teumman
7146:Rudamun
6888:Solomon
6827:Smendes
6748:Twosret
6742:Seti II
6483:Mitanni
6477:Khamudi
6431:Dynasty
6421:Dynasty
6411:Dynasty
6249:Nur-ili
6219:Lullaya
6122:dynasty
6074:Abraham
5964:Abisare
5929:Zambiya
5823:(Queen
5775:Amorite
5746:Kingdom
5720:Intef I
5687:Elamite
5674:Amorite
5663:Shu-Sin
5564:Tirigan
5533:Ur-Baba
5463:Nûr-Mêr
5401:Lu-gula
5397:Lu-Baba
5311:Ididish
5292:Kingdom
5289:Eblaite
5287:Second
5237:Menkare
5112:Shu-Sin
5108:Ishu-Il
5036:dynasty
5016:Pepi II
4949:(Queen
4835:Elamite
4786:Userkaf
4729:Akurgal
4658:Ku-Baba
4474:(Queen
4410:Mesilim
4345:Sanakht
4335:(First
4152:Zuqaqip
4149:Kalumum
4134:Kalibum
4130:Puannum
4087:Kingdom
3936:Anedjib
3920:Hor-Aha
3865:Nat-Hor
3798:Iry-Hor
3794:Shendjw
3766:Pen-Abu
3714:Susa II
3496:Capital
3413:Sehener
3201:Capital
3128:Meriiti
3097:Betrest
3065:Penebui
3055:Benerib
3027:Regents
2999:Anedjib
2979:Hor-Aha
2819:Sources
2617:4 April
2324:Ancient
2311:culture
2296:culture
2281:culture
2266:culture
2236:Culture
2234:Yamnaya
2221:Culture
2171:Elamite
2119:Hor-Aha
2087:Manetho
2012:serekhs
1954:god Set
1802:Memphis
1754:or the
1602:332–305
1572:343–332
1555:380–343
1542:398–380
1529:404–398
1516:525–404
1499:672–525
1469:732–653
1451:732–720
1438:837–728
1425:945–720
961:Periods
757:935–969
747:868–905
737:750–935
727:661–750
717:641–661
690:619–629
380:History
358:•
352:(first)
339:•
325:Pharaoh
290:Memphis
288:, then
282:Capital
215:Memphis
118:Memphis
8622:
8575:
8545:
8187:Jamasp
8181:Balash
8139:Narseh
8050:Trajan
8048:under
7582:Xerxes
7518:Madyes
7382:Sargon
6842:Siamun
6745:Siptah
6730:Seti I
6714:Ugarit
6459:Semqen
6444:Hyksos
6416:Abydos
6309:Sabium
6216:Bazaya
6207:Libaya
6141:Asinum
6138:Rimush
6098:Yamhad
5990:(...)
5967:Sumuel
5958:Zabaia
5955:Samium
5952:Emisum
5853:Ikunum
5825:Shibtu
5766:Immeya
5657:Shulgi
5552:Ur-gar
5512:Ur-Utu
5379:Lagash
5258:Nikare
5170:Eshpum
5158:Rimush
5010:Pepi I
4845:tarana
4789:Sahure
4769:Hishur
4746:Balulu
4711:Lagash
4692:Mug-si
4685:Ensha-
4633:Sa'umu
4561:Khafre
4545:Snefru
4493:Mes-he
4440:Lugal-
4431:Lagash
4374:Sagisu
4326:Djoser
4235:Tizqar
4206:Aratta
4162:Arwium
4159:Mashda
4109:Jushur
4039:Senedj
3978:period
3910:Narmer
3860:Wazner
3835:Hsekiu
3830:Ny-Hor
3809:Narmer
3779:Canide
3770:Animal
3676:Susa I
3626:Lagash
3600:Akshak
3575:Canaan
3503:Thinis
3440:Perneb
3356:Senedj
3208:Thinis
3118:Hemaka
2974:Narmer
2902:
2880:
2861:
2833:
2730:
2517:
2454:Canaan
2411:Qujia-
2397:Majia-
2382:Liang-
2367:Dawen-
2309:Sarazm
2251:Araxes
2206:VALLEY
2169:Proto-
2095:Narmer
2054:and a
2024:traded
1973:Cereal
1934:Narmer
1810:Abydos
1789:until
1760:Thinis
1758:(from
1615:305–30
1612:XXXIII
1526:XXVIII
1461:Nubian
1280:Hyksos
1174:Early
497:on the
383:
371:(last)
350:Narmer
329:
286:Thinis
263:Naqada
247:Thebes
231:Nekhen
199:Thinis
166:Naqada
150:Thebes
134:Nekhen
102:Thinis
8387:Boran
8369:Boran
8256:Syria
8036:Syria
8031:Judea
7573:Cyrus
7291:Urtak
6884:David
6490:Kirta
6474:Apepi
6471:Khyan
6192:Adasi
6162:Adasi
5790:(...)
5537:Gudea
5499:Si'um
5448:Setut
5419:Khita
5405:Ka-ku
5346:Ilulu
5342:Nanum
5334:Igigi
5078:Ukush
4980:Nanni
4742:Elulu
4629:Ansud
4548:Khufu
4476:Puabi
4353:Khaba
4349:Nebka
4231:Zamug
4169:Balih
4165:Etana
4126:Babum
3913:Menes
3855:Neheb
3850:Thesh
3840:Khayu
3813:Menes
3774:Stork
3605:Akkad
3595:Assur
3570:Egypt
3565:dates
3382:Menka
3314:names
3274:Weneg
3269:Nebra
3192:S3504
3188:S3503
3123:Sabef
3082:Semat
2970:Menes
2608:(PDF)
2469:Notes
2459:Nubia
2428:EGYPT
2424:EARLY
2352:Long-
2279:Botai
2249:Kura-
2204:INDUS
2192:Jeul-
2158:SUMER
2140:-3000
2091:Menes
1988:Neith
1984:Horus
1928:, or
1646:XXXIV
1599:XXXII
1513:XXVII
1435:XXIII
1353:XVIII
1205:Late
988:Early
803:Egypt
506:Egypt
74:Crown
8620:ISBN
8596:Per
8573:ISBN
8543:ISBN
7953:Musa
7643:and
7341:Piye
7105:Pami
6876:Saul
5801:Mari
5598:Uruk
5520:Umma
5415:Helu
5361:Uruk
5351:Dudu
5118:Uruk
5071:Mari
5034:Adab
5004:Teti
4915:Urur
4900:Kish
4810:Unas
4761:Tata
4757:Peli
4698:Umma
4679:Uruk
4669:Unzi
4649:Nizi
4508:Adab
4406:Uhub
4398:Kish
4361:Huni
4239:Ilku
4186:Uruk
4155:Atab
4102:Kish
3942:Qa'a
3926:Djet
3923:Djer
3878:Wash
3870:Mekh
3784:Bull
3761:Fish
3636:Elam
3620:Umma
3615:Adab
3610:Uruk
3590:Kish
3585:Mari
3580:Ebla
3190:and
3113:Amka
3009:Qa'a
2989:Djet
2984:Djer
2900:ISBN
2878:ISBN
2859:ISBN
2831:ISBN
2783:2001
2741:2013
2728:ISBN
2619:2012
2515:ISBN
2413:ling
2354:shan
2182:EBLA
2103:Qa'a
2101:and
1998:and
1906:Nile
1875:tȝwy
1746:The
1684:XXXV
1569:XXXI
1539:XXIX
1496:XXVI
1448:XXIV
1422:XXII
1323:XVII
1237:XIII
1140:VIII
963:and
5799:of
5338:Imi
4824:Ush
3933:Den
3845:Tiu
2994:Den
2511:479
2399:yao
2384:zhu
2369:kou
2194:mun
2099:Den
1879:in
1770:in
1552:XXX
1466:XXV
1409:XXI
1366:XIX
1298:XVI
1267:XIV
1224:XII
1127:VII
1058:III
967:of
8796::
8587:^
8498:;
8410:,
8287:,
7781::
7771::
7755::
7543:)
7338:")
7334:("
6993:")
6699:Ay
6446:")
6442:("
6351:")
6347:("
5947::
5897::
5827:)
5699:)
5344:,
5340:,
5336:,
4975:Ur
4953:)
4942:Il
4448:Ur
4237:,
4233:,
4208:")
4132:,
4128:,
4111:,
4014:Ba
3811:/
3801:Ka
3631:Ur
3326:Ba
2610:.
2595:^
2579:^
2542:^
2513:.
2489:,
2443:c.
1971:.
1960:.
1820:,
1791:c.
1772:c.
1379:XX
1285:XV
1211:XI
1180:XI
1153:IX
1097:VI
1071:IV
1028:II
1016:c.
978:BC
413:c.
398:c.
360:c.
341:c.
55:c.
48:c.
8674:e
8667:t
8660:v
8628:.
8581:.
8551:.
8312:)
8308:(
8023:)
8019:(
7539:(
7369:)
7365:(
6545:)
6296:)
6292:(
6196:(
6118:(
6106:)
6102:(
6081:)
6077:(
5883:)
5879:(
5809:)
5805:(
5780:)
5773:(
5753:)
5749:(
5695:(
5302:(
4478:)
4339:)
4119:,
3986:)
3982:(
3741:)
3737:(
3698:(
3602:/
3592:/
3537:e
3530:t
3523:v
3431:)
3427:(
3242:e
3235:t
3228:v
2972:/
2948:e
2941:t
2934:v
2908:.
2886:.
2867:.
2839:.
2743:.
2621:.
2523:.
1735:e
1728:t
1721:v
1680:)
1676:(
1463:)
1459:(
1282:)
1278:(
1166:X
1084:V
1012:I
946:e
939:t
932:v
53:–
34:.
20:)
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