212:. When Buell compared the New Mexico’s dunes to the sand dunes near her Indiana home, she thought the Indiana dunes were more beautiful. After stopping for dinner at the Gary Hotel on the way home from the trip, the Buells saw a poster in the lobby that promoted a meeting that evening of the Indiana Dunes Preservation Council. In a spur-of-the-moment decision, the Buells decided to attend the group's meeting. The gathering inspired Buell to do what she could to help preserve the local dunes. When the preservation council had difficulty getting established, Buell decided to try an organize a new group that was initially included only women.
256:
confrontation with federal and state government. Instead, Buell preferred to keep the
Council's effort focused on educating the public to the need to preserve the dunes. Business and industry leaders, as well as state government officials preferred to seek federal funding to acquire dunelands and develop the area for industrial use. As a result, Indiana's congressional delegation failed to introduce legislation to preserve the lakeshore and have the Indiana Dunes become part of the National Park System.
346:
The Burns
Waterway Harbor (Port of Indiana) opened in 1970, the same year that Buell and her husband retired to California. The Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, which Buell spent two decades trying to establish, was formally dedicated on September 8, 1972. Buell returned to Indiana to deliver one of
219:
in the 1920s, but the dunes preservation movement had been quiet for more than twenty years. By 1949 the two remaining unspoiled sections that comprised about 5 acres (2.0 hectares) of dunes were under heavy scrutiny for further development. Indiana's government and business leaders wanted to develop
326:
Senator
Douglas, Buell, the Save the Dunes Council, and other dunes supporters eventually succeeded in passage of federal legislation to establish the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. By 1966 much of the dunes outside the boundaries of the Indiana Dunes State Park was already under development when
359:
Buell died in 1976 at the age of eighty-nine. She is remembered as a tenacious, dignified, and reserved activist whose tireless efforts overcame significant challenges in achieving the goal of preserving the
Indiana Dunes. Buell was also known for her passion, enthusiasm, wit, and tireless energy.
188:
Little in her early career indicated that
Dorothy Buell would become a leading activist in the Indiana Dunes preservation movement. During her earlier years in Indiana, Buell taught in the Gary public school system and was involved with the settlement house movement at the Gary Neighborhood House.
264:
By 1954 Buell was persuaded that the
Council needed to broaden its base of support and become more politically active in order to achieve its goals. She led the Council through its change in strategy, became politically active herself, and headed the Council's national campaign to raise funds and
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Buell lead the
Council in a nationwide effort to gain citizen support for the proposed legislation that included a nationwide petition drive that had secured 500,000 signatures by 1958; production of a documentary film in support of their cause; and obtaining the support of the national press,
363:
Buell's most significant contribution to preserving northwest
Indiana's sand dunes was her efforts to establish of the Indiana Dunes National Park in 1966. As the founder and sixteen-year president of the Save the Dunes Council, Buell was the local leader of the movement to save the remaining
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In Buell's view, the
Council's primary goal was to preserve five miles of remaining unspoiled lakeshore by adding it to the Indiana Dunes State Park to protect it from development. She did not want to jeopardize the Council's nonexempt status by getting involved in politics and provoking a
327:
a compromise bill passed both houses of
Congress in October to appropriate funds to establish a 6,539-acre (2,646-hectare) Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. (Federal authorization for the construction of the Burns Harbor/Port of Indiana had been secured the previous year.)
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on May 13, 1959. She called for a stop to industrial development on lake and seashores. Industrial development and construction of the Burns Waterway Harbor continued while Congress considered the bill and subsequent legislation to establish the national lakeshore.
124:. Buell led a grassroots effort to save the remaining unspoiled dunes in northwestern Indiana from industrial development. Buell's sixteen-year leadership of the Save the Dunes Council, from 1952 to 1968, preserved thousands of acres of dunelands at the
236:
Council on June 20, 1952, with a group of twenty to twenty-five women who met at the Buell home. Buell, who served as the first president of the Council, succeeded Bess Sheehan as the leader of a revived dunes preservation movement.
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Buell served as its president of Save the Dunes Council for sixteen years; however, by the mid-1960s she had delegated much of the work to others. Buell stepped down as president in 1968. Sylvia Troy succeeded Buell as president.
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unspoiled areas of the Indiana Dunes from industrial development. Buell's and the Council's efforts helped to preserve thousands of acres of northern Indiana dunelands as part of the National Park Service.
539:. Omaha, Nebraska: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Midwest Regional Office, Office of Planning and Resource Preservation, Division of Cultural Resources Management.
610:
In 1966 the Internal Revenue Service revoked the Council’s tax-exempt status as a result of its lobbying efforts on behalf of the dunes legislation, See Franklin and Schaeffer, pp. 148–49.
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The Save the Dune Council's Presidents Fund, established in honor of Buell and Troy, its first and second presidents, uses donations to purchase land for the Indiana Dunes National Park.
795:. Omaha, Neb.: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Midwest Regional Office, Office of Planning and Resource Preservation, Division of Cultural Resources Management.
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attract new members. For the first time the Council allowed men to become members. By 1956 the Council had grown to include more than a thousand men and women across the United States.
252:, attended "A Day in the Dunes." At the Council-sponsored event, Baker spoke publicly in favor of an expanded state park or a potential new national park to preserve the Indiana Dunes.
248:, that was sold due to delinquent taxes. Another early development in the revived dunes preservation movement occurred on June 3, 1953, when Howard W. Baker, Region II Director of the
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the speeches at the lakeshore's dedication ceremony. Although reduced in size and a patchwork of noncontiguous property surrounded by heavy industrial and commercial development at
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signed the bill authorizing the national lakeshore (PL 89-761) in November 1966. The acquisition costs to establish the new national lakeshore park was about $ 28 million.
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When efforts to gain support from Indiana's congressional delegation proved unsuccessful, Buell turned to other congressional leaders for help. Buell persuaded
318:'s National Park Service. Buell, a skilled orator due to her academic training and involvement in community theater, also testified before the U.S. Senate’s
283:, to become involved in the cause to preserve the Indiana Dunes. Buell and Douglas worked together to establish grassroots and political support for the
160:
Dorothy Richardson married James "Hal" Buell in 1919. They had one son, named Robert. Hal Buell's work brought the family to the communities of
287:, an effort that took nearly a decade amid numerous and significant obstacles. Senator Douglas introduced initial legislation (S. 3898) in the
144:, in a large family that included seven children. Although the family's financial resources for a college education were limited, she attended
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the dunes area for industrial purposes that included construction of a deep-water port that became known as the Burns Waterway Harbor (
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Sheehan had led statewide efforts to establish the Indiana Dunes State Park in the early 1920s. See Franklin and Schaeffer, p. 129.
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112:(1886–1976) was an American educator and nature preservationist who became the founder and first president of the
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Earlier preservationists had succeeded in preserving a portion of the local dunes through the establishment of
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A Signature of Time and Eternity: The Administrative History of Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana
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A Signature of Time and Eternity: The Administrative History of Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, Indiana
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Buell reestablished the movement to preserve the natural beauty of the dunes by founding the
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Buell's interest in preserving the Indiana Dunes stems from a 1949 trip with her husband to
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Although she lacked organization skills, Buell inspired others to join her cause.
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An early victory for Buell and the Council in its first year was the purchase of
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The Indiana Dunes National Park's visitor center was named in her honor in 1992.
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765:"Alice Gray, Dorothy Buell, and Naomi Svihla: Preservationists of Ogden Dunes"
407:"Alice Gray, Dorothy Buell, and Naomi Svihla: Preservationists of Ogden Dunes"
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224:) and opposed the addition of additional lakeshore land to the state park.
176:. Dorothy and Hal Buell lived in Ogden Dunes until 1970, then retired to
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Duel for the Dunes: Land Use Conflict on the Shores of Lake Michigan
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Duel for the Dunes: Land Use Conflict on the Shores of Lake Michigan
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to establish the Indiana Dunes National Monument on May 26, 1958;
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478:. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press. pp. 57, 79.
725:
Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the Indiana Dunes
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Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the Indiana Dunes
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Dorothy Richardson was born in 1886 and grew up in Neenha-
152:, graduating with a bachelor of oratory degree in 1911.
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Council, a nonprofit group dedicated to preserving the
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196:she became known for her wit and theatrical flair.
189:Buell was also active in local women's clubs. As a
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449:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. pp.
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302:introduced a similar bill (H.R. 12689) in the
727:. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press.
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16:American educator and nature preservationist
742:Franklin, Kay and Schaeffer, Norma (1983).
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443:Franklin, Kay and Schaeffer, Norma (1983).
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763:Smith, Stephanie and Mark, Steve (2006).
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405:Smith, Stephanie and Mark, Steve (2006).
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320:Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs
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748:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
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260:Collaboration with Senator Paul Douglas
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148:for two years before transferring to
700:Franklin and Schaeffer, pp. 129–30.
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13:
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228:President, Save the Dunes Council
310:conservation groups such as the
126:Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore
69:Educator, nature preservationist
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691:Franklin and Schaeffer, p. 173.
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661:Franklin and Schaeffer, p. 169.
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631:Franklin and Schaeffer, p. 132.
619:Franklin and Schaeffer, p. 133.
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583:Franklin and Schaeffer, p. 131.
316:U.S. Department of the Interior
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1:
787:"Taking Aim in the 1950s" in
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531:"Taking Aim in the 1950s" in
304:U.S. House of Representatives
206:White Sands National Monument
652:Engel, pp. 233–34, 257, 280.
7:
835:Indiana Dunes National Park
285:Indiana Dunes National Park
10:
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723:Engel, J. Ronald (1983).
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474:J. Ronald Engel (1983).
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217:Indiana Dunes State Park
146:Milwaukee-Downer College
136:Early life and education
110:Dorothy Richardson Buell
23:Dorothy Richardson Buell
769:The South Shore Journal
411:The South Shore Journal
246:Porter County, Indiana
184:Educator and clubwoman
79:Save the Dunes Council
789:Ron Cockrell (1988).
533:Ron Cockrell (1988).
250:National Park Service
200:Dunes preservationist
130:National Park Service
670:Engel, pp. 57, 257.
174:Ogden Dunes, Indiana
601:Engel, pp. 81, 256.
368:Honors and tributes
312:Izaak Walton League
293:U.S. Representative
242:Cowles Tamarack Bog
170:Flossmoor, Illinois
156:Marriage and family
709:Engel, pp. 241–42.
682:Engel, pp. 281–82.
142:Menasha, Wisconsin
306:on the same day.
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51:(aged 89–90)
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804:. Retrieved
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421:December 8,
338:Later years
819:Categories
755:0252010345
734:0819550736
717:References
485:0819550736
460:0252010345
289:U.S Senate
210:New Mexico
191:Republican
178:California
840:Clubwomen
329:President
194:clubwoman
90:Hal Buell
801:18971106
545:18971106
281:Illinois
277:Democrat
77:Founded
775:: 16–17
417:: 16–17
118:Indiana
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34: (
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451:128–29
172:; and
85:Spouse
381:Notes
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96:(
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781:2017
750:ISBN
729:ISBN
552:2017
541:OCLC
480:ISBN
455:ISBN
423:2017
275:, a
47:1976
44:Died
36:1886
32:1886
29:Born
298:of
208:in
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