31:
1420:
352:
alternated the chairmanship of the meetings. With negotiations between the
Netherlands Antilles, the Netherlands and Aruba not going well the Aruban MEP left the coalition, after MEP-ministers declared possible oil revenues near the islands solely for Aruba. Martina kept the parliamentary majority as
398:
the
Partido MAN under Martina campaigned against the crisistax of 10% on income which had been installed by Liberia Peters. It furthermore opposed several measures regarding the split of Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles, such as a cooperation agreement and the dividing norm of gold and currency.
402:
In 1986 and 1987 the economic situation of the
Netherlands Antilles worsened with the departure of Aruba and diminished revenue from the petroleum and financial services industries. Martina's government subsequently implemented austerity measures. In 1986,
449:(PAR). During 1997 and 1998 the Partido MAN lost public support. In the 1999 CuraƧao island council elections Martina's Partido MAN lost four of its six seats. Martina subsequently announced his retirement from active politics.
1151:
435:
395:
358:
322:
312:
and corruption on the island, which they saw as persisting after the 1969 events. At the 1971 elections
Martina was elected to the CuraƧao island council. From 1972 to 1976 he was justice commissioner.
1255:
415:
similar to Aruba or independence for his island. In 1989 Martina declared his support for a reform of the
Netherlands Antilles, with less strong ties between the remaining five islands.
505:
In 2015 the
Emancipatie en Rijkseenheid Boulevard was renamed in his honor, to the Dominico F. āDonā Martina Boulevard. The decision was made public on Martina's 80th birthday.
452:
In 2011 Martina, together with his sons, left the
Partido MAN. Martina had been unhappy with the course the party was following. He also criticized the collaboration with the
399:
The
Partido MAN was less successful than at the 1979 elections. Nonetheless Martina managed to become prime minister again after Liberia Peters failed to form a government.
1155:
1451:
275:
819:
1248:
793:
987:
645:
1461:
1294:
1241:
30:
248:
45:
1324:
961:
374:. It would be allowed to become independent in 1996. The coalition broke in June 1984 when several MAN deputies, including Speaker of the Estates,
1466:
588:
375:
915:
348:
consisting of 65 delegates, the
Netherlands Antilles, its six islands, and the Netherlands held discussions. Martina and Dutch Minister
1264:
1215:
1188:
844:
419:
888:
866:
266:. At the start of his second term Aruba left, which, together with other circumstances, forced Martina to take austerity measures.
325:
Martina's
Partido MAN became the largest party. Martina subsequently became prime minister. He formed a coalition with the Aruban
445:
Since the 1995 CuraƧao island council elections, Martina's Partido MAN was member of the government coalition together with the
383:
326:
777:
750:
723:
693:
628:
572:
538:
453:
797:
258:, Martina led his party in multiple cabinets. During his first term as prime minister he dealt with discussions regarding
1471:
446:
431:
1104:
991:
308:(the later Partido MAN) was founded on 6 February 1971 by a group of young men including Martina. The group opposed the
1129:
357:
joined his coalition. In 1982 a member of the Democratic Party of Sint Maarten withdrew support for the government. In
649:
1456:
1060:
479:
and was subsequently executed. In 2013 Tula was declared a national hero. Martina has also spoken out for improved
1016:
418:
This time his government fell in March 1988, after losing support of the Democratic Party of Sint Maarten and the
1329:
1279:
476:
251:. His first term lasted from November 1979 to October 1984 and his second term from January 1986 to July 1988.
1038:
1334:
1082:
354:
290:
334:
280:
965:
1419:
438:
his party obtained 2 of the 22 seats and subsequently participated in the government of Prime Minister
371:
71:
66:
480:
345:
1379:
1364:
767:
740:
592:
301:
330:
1446:
1369:
683:
1233:
713:
562:
1409:
715:
Political Parties of the Americas, 1980s to 1990s: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies
618:
361:
were held to solve the impasse. It took until October for Martina to form a new government.
1441:
1359:
1349:
1268:
1225:
1208:
1198:
379:
364:
In June 1983 a solution was found to Aruba's wishes for independence, Aruba would obtain a
263:
110:
769:
Knellende koninkrijksbanden: het Nederlandse dekolonisatiebeleid in de CaraĆÆben, 1940ā2000
742:
Knellende koninkrijksbanden: het Nederlandse dekolonisatiebeleid in de CaraĆÆben, 1940ā2000
434:. After serving as prime minister he continued as party leader of the Partido MAN. At the
8:
1399:
1299:
1289:
294:
1309:
620:
The Black Handbook: The People, History and Politics of Africa and the African Diaspora
530:
773:
746:
719:
689:
624:
568:
534:
349:
202:
472:
1284:
457:
938:
1319:
892:
461:
86:
1384:
1374:
1339:
492:
439:
223:
98:
523:
471:
Martina campaigned for the rehabilitation and declaration as national hero of
1435:
404:
366:
564:
The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of Central America and the Caribbean
408:
560:
1394:
464:
took control over the party, Martina and his sons returned to the party.
305:
255:
212:
988:"Don Martina en zijn zoons Steven en Robin braken in 2011 met de partij"
1404:
1389:
1314:
1304:
1105:"Fabien Cousteau Keynote Speaker at CHATA's Sustainability Conference"
192:
430:
During his political career Martina also served several years in the
81:
378:, left the party and withdrew support of the coalition. This led to
247:(born 1 May 1935) is a CuraƧaoan politician. He served two terms as
561:
Phil Gunson; Greg Chamberlain; Andrew Thompson (22 December 2015).
309:
845:"Emancipatie- en Rijkseenheid Boulevard vernoemd naar Don Martina"
286:
1154:(in Dutch). zakelijkcuracao.com. 27 January 2010. Archived from
274:
Martina was born on CuraƧao on 1 May 1935. Martina attended the
1263:
820:"Antilliaanse verkiezingsstrijd draait om interne verhoudingen"
616:
341:
259:
765:
738:
422:(FOL). Martina was once again succeeded by Liberia Peters.
681:
796:(in Dutch). Keesings Historisch Archief. Archived from
556:
554:
552:
550:
495:
served as Minister of Economic Development of CuraƧao.
822:(in Dutch). Reformatorisch Dagblad. 14 November 1985
759:
711:
547:
370:
per 1986, becoming a constituent country within the
959:
916:"CuraƧao naar de stembus: voor of tegen de premier"
617:Evangeline Bute; H. J. P. Harmer (6 October 2016).
1452:Members of the Estates of the Netherlands Antilles
1063:(in Dutch). Antilliaans Dagblad. 29 September 2009
1039:"Slavenleider Tula uitgeroepen tot nationale held"
522:
340:In 1981 talks started on the political future of
1433:
869:(in Dutch). Reformatorisch Dagblad. 30 July 1998
612:
610:
591:(in Dutch). CuraƧao Encyclopedia. Archived from
389:
1132:(in Dutch). Antilliaans Dagblad. 14 August 2015
1019:(in Dutch). Antilliaans Dagblad. 28 August 2016
990:(in Dutch). De Surinaamse Krant. Archived from
707:
705:
491:Martina has one daughter and two sons. His son
316:
936:
913:
889:"Kiezen voor 22 zetels in Staten van Antillen"
847:(in Dutch). Knipselkrant CuraƧao. 28 July 2015
289:, the Netherlands. He subsequently attend the
1249:
1152:"Vriendenboek over politicus Don Martina uit"
718:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 438ā.
607:
1124:
1122:
702:
685:The Europa World Year: Kazakhstan ā Zimbabwe
520:
498:In 2010 a book about Martina was published:
1462:Prime ministers of the Netherlands Antilles
964:(in Dutch). versgeperst.com. Archived from
772:. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 1ā.
745:. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 1ā.
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
643:
436:1994 general Netherlands Antilles elections
396:1985 general Netherlands Antilles elections
323:1979 general Netherlands Antilles elections
297:. Martina was trained as a civil engineer.
1256:
1242:
1216:Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles
1189:Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles
249:Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles
46:Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles
29:
1119:
1083:"Martina: "CuraƧao Is Becoming A Desert""
1041:(in Dutch). Historiek.net. 18 August 2010
960:Leoni Leidel-Schenk (12 September 2011).
794:"Verkiezingen op de Nederlandse Antillen"
1011:
1009:
688:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 3099ā.
664:
648:(in Dutch). Wereldomroep. Archived from
514:
269:
623:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 40ā.
1434:
839:
837:
766:Gert Oostindie; Inge Klinkers (2001).
739:Gert Oostindie; Inge Klinkers (2001).
420:Party Workers' Liberation Front 30 May
1237:
1006:
867:"Ministers veelal positief ontvangen"
58:November 1979 ā October 1984
1467:University of the West Indies alumni
939:"CuraƧao kiest voor een zachte hand"
646:"Partido MAN viert 40-jarig bestaan"
500:Don Martina: waardig en rechtvaardig
1130:"Don Martina geƫerd met naambordje"
834:
682:Taylor & Francis Group (2004).
447:Party for the Restructured Antilles
432:Estates of the Netherlands Antilles
13:
1418:
521:Miriam Sluis (12 September 2008).
454:Movement for the Future of CuraƧao
14:
1483:
1085:. CuraƧao Chronicle. 11 June 2015
1017:"Don Martina weer bij Partij MAN"
123:January 1986 ā July 1988
486:
1330:Lucina da Costa Gomez-Matheeuws
1280:Moises Frumencio da Costa Gomez
1144:
1097:
1075:
1053:
1031:
980:
953:
930:
907:
881:
859:
812:
786:
644:Dick Drayer (7 February 2011).
425:
386:taking over as prime minister.
359:June 1982 new general elections
333:. In December 1979 or 1980 the
1061:"Symposium rehabilitatie Tula"
937:Guido de Vries (11 May 1999).
732:
637:
581:
327:Movimiento Electoral di Pueblo
1:
1335:Sylvius Gerard Marie Rozendal
914:Guido de Vries (7 May 1999).
712:Charles D. Ameringer (1992).
508:
469:Fundashon Rehabilitashon Tula
390:Second term as Prime Minister
355:Democratic Party Sint Maarten
291:University of the West Indies
567:. Routledge. pp. 210ā.
477:CuraƧao Slave Revolt of 1795
317:First term as Prime Minister
7:
1107:. Chata.org. 9 October 2015
941:(in Dutch). NRC Handelslbad
918:(in Dutch). NRC Handelslbad
529:. KIT Publishers. pp.
254:One of the founders of the
10:
1488:
1472:Columbia University alumni
589:"Martina, Dominico Felipe"
372:Kingdom of the Netherlands
1416:
1275:
1222:
1213:
1205:
1195:
1186:
1180:
1175:
962:"Don Martina weg bij MAN"
481:water resource management
230:
218:
208:
198:
172:
167:
163:
153:
143:
135:
127:
116:
104:
92:
77:
62:
51:
44:
40:
28:
21:
460:. In August 2016, after
337:of CuraƧao also joined.
276:Hogere technische school
1457:Partido MAN politicians
475:, a slave that led the
384:National People's Party
331:Bonaire Patriotic Union
177:Dominico Felipe Martina
1423:
1370:Alejandro Felipe Paula
467:As chairperson of the
346:round table conference
1422:
1410:Emily de Jongh-Elhage
1380:Suzanne Camelia-Rƶmer
1365:Suzanne Camelia-Rƶmer
302:1969 CuraƧao uprising
270:Early life and career
262:'s wish to leave the
1360:Maria Liberia Peters
1350:Maria Liberia Peters
1269:Netherlands Antilles
1226:Maria Liberia Peters
1209:Maria Liberia Peters
1199:Maria Liberia Peters
380:Maria Liberia Peters
306:Movementu Antia Nobo
264:Netherlands Antilles
159:Maria Liberia Peters
149:Maria Liberia Peters
111:Maria Liberia Peters
16:CuraƧaoan politician
1400:Mirna Louisa-Godett
1300:Ernesto O. Petronia
1290:Ciro Domenico Kroon
1158:on 13 November 2016
994:on 13 November 2016
968:on 13 November 2016
652:on 13 November 2016
595:on 30 December 2007
394:For the subsequent
295:Columbia University
1424:
1310:Otto R. A. Beaujon
1295:Gerald C. Sprockel
1220:1986 — 1988
1193:1979 — 1984
1176:Political offices
82:Bernadito M. Leito
1429:
1428:
1232:
1231:
1223:Succeeded by
1196:Succeeded by
1183:Miguel A. Pourier
895:. 26 January 1998
779:978-90-5356-467-7
752:978-90-5356-467-7
725:978-0-313-27418-3
695:978-1-85743-255-8
630:978-1-4742-9287-0
574:978-1-317-27054-6
540:978-90-6832-472-3
350:Fons van der Stee
234:
233:
1479:
1325:Leo A. I. Chance
1285:Efrain Jonckheer
1258:
1251:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1206:Preceded by
1181:Preceded by
1173:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1013:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
984:
978:
977:
975:
973:
957:
951:
950:
948:
946:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
911:
905:
904:
902:
900:
885:
879:
878:
876:
874:
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
841:
832:
831:
829:
827:
816:
810:
809:
807:
805:
790:
784:
783:
763:
757:
756:
736:
730:
729:
709:
700:
699:
679:
662:
661:
659:
657:
641:
635:
634:
614:
605:
604:
602:
600:
585:
579:
578:
558:
545:
544:
528:
518:
458:Sovereign People
335:Democratic Party
284:
190:
186:
184:
168:Personal details
156:
146:
121:
107:
95:
56:
33:
19:
18:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1414:
1320:Juancho Evertsz
1271:
1265:Prime ministers
1262:
1228:
1219:
1211:
1201:
1192:
1184:
1171:
1161:
1159:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1007:
997:
995:
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
958:
954:
944:
942:
935:
931:
921:
919:
912:
908:
898:
896:
893:NRC Handelsblad
887:
886:
882:
872:
870:
865:
864:
860:
850:
848:
843:
842:
835:
825:
823:
818:
817:
813:
803:
801:
792:
791:
787:
780:
764:
760:
753:
737:
733:
726:
710:
703:
696:
680:
665:
655:
653:
642:
638:
631:
615:
608:
598:
596:
587:
586:
582:
575:
559:
548:
541:
519:
515:
511:
489:
462:Hensley Koeiman
428:
392:
319:
278:
272:
237:Dominico Felipe
209:Political party
191:
188:
182:
180:
179:
178:
154:
144:
122:
117:
105:
93:
85:
70:
57:
52:
36:
35:Martina in 1981
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1485:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1427:
1426:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1385:Miguel Pourier
1382:
1377:
1375:Miguel Pourier
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1340:Miguel Pourier
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1238:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1170:
1169:
1143:
1118:
1096:
1074:
1052:
1030:
1005:
979:
952:
929:
906:
880:
858:
833:
811:
785:
778:
758:
751:
731:
724:
701:
694:
663:
636:
629:
606:
580:
573:
546:
539:
512:
510:
507:
493:Steven Martina
488:
485:
440:Miguel Pourier
427:
424:
391:
388:
318:
315:
271:
268:
232:
231:
228:
227:
224:Steven Martina
220:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
176:
174:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
160:
157:
151:
150:
147:
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
129:
125:
124:
114:
113:
108:
102:
101:
99:Miguel Pourier
96:
90:
89:
79:
75:
74:
64:
60:
59:
49:
48:
42:
41:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1484:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1447:Living people
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1421:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1204:
1200:
1191:
1190:
1179:
1174:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1131:
1125:
1123:
1106:
1100:
1084:
1078:
1062:
1056:
1040:
1034:
1018:
1012:
1010:
993:
989:
983:
967:
963:
956:
940:
933:
917:
910:
894:
890:
884:
868:
862:
846:
840:
838:
821:
815:
800:on 9 May 2007
799:
795:
789:
781:
775:
771:
770:
762:
754:
748:
744:
743:
735:
727:
721:
717:
716:
708:
706:
697:
691:
687:
686:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
651:
647:
640:
632:
626:
622:
621:
613:
611:
594:
590:
584:
576:
570:
566:
565:
557:
555:
553:
551:
542:
536:
532:
527:
526:
517:
513:
506:
503:
501:
496:
494:
487:Personal life
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
443:
441:
437:
433:
423:
421:
416:
414:
413:status aparte
410:
406:
405:Claude Wathey
400:
397:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
368:
367:status aparte
362:
360:
356:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
314:
311:
307:
303:
298:
296:
292:
288:
282:
277:
267:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
229:
225:
222:2 (including
221:
217:
214:
211:
207:
204:
201:
197:
194:
189:(age 89)
175:
171:
166:
162:
158:
152:
148:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
120:
115:
112:
109:
103:
100:
97:
91:
88:
84:(until 1983)
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:(until 1980)
68:
65:
61:
55:
50:
47:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
1354:
1344:
1214:
1187:
1160:. Retrieved
1156:the original
1146:
1134:. Retrieved
1109:. Retrieved
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1055:
1043:. Retrieved
1033:
1021:. Retrieved
996:. Retrieved
992:the original
982:
970:. Retrieved
966:the original
955:
943:. Retrieved
932:
920:. Retrieved
909:
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891:(in Dutch).
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861:
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824:. Retrieved
814:
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798:the original
788:
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650:the original
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593:the original
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483:on CuraƧao.
468:
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426:Later career
417:
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409:Sint Maarten
401:
393:
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155:Succeeded by
118:
106:Succeeded by
53:
1442:1935 births
1395:Ben Komproe
1355:Don Martina
1345:Don Martina
1111:14 November
1089:14 November
1067:13 November
1045:10 November
945:13 November
922:13 November
899:13 November
873:13 November
851:10 November
826:10 November
804:14 November
656:10 November
599:10 November
279: [
256:Partido MAN
213:Partido MAN
199:Nationality
145:Preceded by
94:Preceded by
23:Don Martina
1436:Categories
1405:Etienne Ys
1390:Etienne Ys
1315:Ronchi Isa
1305:Ronchi Isa
1162:9 November
1136:9 November
1023:9 November
998:9 November
972:9 November
509:References
411:desired a
376:Roy Markes
300:After the
187:1 May 1935
183:1935-05-01
139:RenƩ Rƶmer
87:RenƩ Rƶmer
119:In office
54:In office
310:nepotism
219:Children
136:Governor
78:Governor
63:Monarchs
1267:of the
525:Zoutrif
382:of the
344:. In a
329:(MEP),
321:At the
287:Haarlem
245:Martina
193:CuraƧao
131:Beatrix
128:Monarch
72:Beatrix
67:Juliana
776:
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722:
692:
627:
571:
537:
342:Aruba
283:]
260:Aruba
203:Dutch
1164:2016
1138:2016
1113:2016
1091:2016
1069:2016
1047:2016
1025:2016
1000:2016
974:2016
947:2016
924:2016
901:2016
875:2016
853:2016
828:2016
806:2016
774:ISBN
747:ISBN
720:ISBN
690:ISBN
658:2016
625:ISBN
601:2016
569:ISBN
535:ISBN
473:Tula
456:and
353:the
304:the
293:and
173:Born
533:ā.
531:269
407:of
285:in
241:Don
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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