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623:. For the Calvinist, Faustus represents the worst kind of sinner, having tasted the heavenly gift and rejected it. His damnation is justified and deserved because he was never truly adopted among the elect. According to this view, the play demonstrates Calvin's "three-tiered concept of causation," in which the damnation of Faustus is first willed by God, then by Satan, and finally, by himself.
499:. He stresses the importance of the soliloquies in the play, saying: "the soliloquy, perhaps more than any other dramatic device, involved the audience in an imaginative concern with the happenings on stage". By having Doctor Faustus deliver these soliloquies at the beginning and end of the play, the focus is drawn to his inner thoughts and feelings about succumbing to the devil.
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the Pope. Next, Robin and Rafe (A version) or Dick (B version), having been caught for stealing a goblet, call on
Mephistophilis, who arrives and angrily turns them into animals before returning to attend on Faustus. Faustus has been called to the court of the Holy Roman Emperor, where he and Mephistophilis conjure
555:. In the A version, the emperor asks Faust to relent, and he does; in the B version a longer scene follows in which the knight and his friends attack Faustus; all are given horns. In both versions, Faustus then plays tricks on a horse dealer. Faustus and Mephistophilis then put on a magic show for the
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meant that God, acting of his own free will, elects some people to be saved and others to be damned—thus, the individual has no control over his own ultimate fate. This doctrine was the source of great controversy because it was seen by the so-called anti-Calvinists to limit man's free will in regard
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on 18 December 1592, though the records are confused and appear to indicate a conflict over the rights to the play. A subsequent
Stationers' Register entry, dated 7 January 1601, assigns the play to the bookseller Thomas Bushell (variant written forms: Busshell or Bushnell), the publisher of the 1604
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Mephistophilis is a demon whom
Faustus conjures up while first using magic. Readers initially feel sympathy for the demon when he attempts to explain to Faustus the consequences of abjuring God and Heaven. Mephistophilis gives Faustus a description of Hell and the continuous horrors it possesses; he
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Faustus attempts to conjure a devil, and
Mephistophilis arrives. Faustus believes that he has summoned him, but Mephistophilis says that he came of his own accord, and that he serves Lucifer, and cannot do anything without his leave. Faustus questions Mephistophilis about Lucifer and Hell, and tells
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The 1616 version omits 36 lines but adds 676 new lines, making it roughly one third longer than the 1604 version. Among the lines shared by both versions, there are some small but significant changes in wording; for example, "Never too late, if
Faustus can repent" in the 1604 text becomes "Never too
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Faustus begins to waver and think about God, and is visited again by the Good and Bad Angels. Lucifer arrives to remind him of his contract, and entertains him with a show of the Seven Deadly Sins. Faustus and
Mephistophilis then travel Europe, eventually arriving in Rome, where they play tricks on
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time. While he waits, he is visited by a Good Angel, who tries to dissuade him from this path, and a Bad Angel, who encourages him. Valdes and
Cornelius arrive and declare that if Faustus devotes himself to magic, great things are indeed possible with someone of Faustus's learning and intelligence.
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The soliloquies also have parallel concepts. In the introductory soliloquy, Faustus begins by pondering the fate of his life and what he wants his career to be. He ends his soliloquy with the solution: he will give his soul to the devil. Similarly in the closing soliloquy, Faustus begins pondering,
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The relationship between the texts is uncertain and many modern editions print both. As an
Elizabethan playwright, Marlowe had nothing to do with the publication and had no control over the play in performance, so it was possible for scenes to be dropped or shortened, or for new scenes to be added,
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Mephistophilis returns, and
Faustus signs a contract in his own blood: Mephistophilis will serve him for 24 years, at which point Lucifer will claim him, body and soul. Once the contract is signed, Faustus asks for a wife, but Mephistophilis declines, saying marriage is "but a ceremonial toy"; he
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In the first scene of the play, Faustus expresses his boredom and impatience with the various branches of knowledge and concludes that only magic is worth learning. He asks his servant Wagner to return with the magicians Valdes and
Cornelius, who have been trying to interest him in magic for some
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In the past, it was assumed that the comic scenes were additions by other writers. However, most scholars today consider the comic interludes an integral part of the play, regardless of their author, and so they continue to be included in print. Their tone shows the change in Faustus' ambitions,
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who was tried for heresy by the Inquisition and burnt at the stake in 1600. This reference indicates that Marlowe recognised the cosmic machinery of the Faust story as a reflection of terrestrial power and authority, by which dissidents were tortured and executed in the name of obedience and
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While Faustus is at dinner with the magicians, two scholars notice Faustus's absence and ask Wagner about his whereabouts. When Wagner tells them he is with Valdes and Cornelius, the scholars worry that the magicians have corrupted him and leave to inform the rector of the university.
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for some students, and, when he starts to think of repenting again, renews his pledge to Lucifer and asks Mephistophilis for Helen as his lover. In the final scene, Faustus admits to some scholars that he has bargained away his soul; despite their prayers, the devils come for him.
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Concerning the fate of Faustus, the Calvinist concludes that his damnation was inevitable. His rejection of God and subsequent inability to repent are taken as evidence that he never really belonged to the elect, but rather had been predestined from the very beginning for
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Another difference between texts A and B is the name of the devil summoned by Faustus. Text A states the name is generally "Mephistopheles", while the version of text B commonly states "Mephostophilis". The name of the devil is in each case a reference to
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The 1616 quarto, published by John Wright, enlarged and altered the text and is usually called the B text. This second text was reprinted in 1619, 1620, 1624, 1631, and as late as 1663. Additions and alterations were made by the minor playwright and actor
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has raised much controversy due to its alleged interaction with the demonic realm. Before Marlowe, there were few authors who ventured into this kind of writing. After his play, other authors began to expand on their views of the spiritual world.
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Some scholars argue that Mephistophilis depicts the sorrow that comes with separation from God. Mephistophilis is foreshadowing the pain Faustus would have to endure, should he go through with his plan. In this facet, Faustus can be likened to
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and finally comes to terms with the fate he created for himself. Frey also explains: "The whole pattern of this final soliloquy is thus a grim parody of the opening one, where decision is reached after, not prior to, the survey".
615:. The dispute between these Cambridge intellectuals had quite nearly reached its zenith by the time Marlowe was a student there in the 1580s, and likely would have influenced him deeply, as it did many of his fellow students.
488:(which functions as a narrator), that does not interact with the other characters but rather provides an introduction and conclusion to the play and, at the beginning of some Acts, introduces events that have unfolded.
317:", and thought that the B-text was linked to Marlowe himself. Since then scholarship has swung the other way, most scholars now considering the A-text more authoritative, even if "abbreviated and corrupt", according to
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Blank verse is largely reserved for the main scenes; prose is used in the comic scenes. Modern texts divide the play into five acts; act 5 being the shortest. As in many Elizabethan plays, there is a
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in Germany in 1587, and the fact that the earliest known translation of the latter work into English was in 1592, the play was probably written in 1592 or 1593. It may have been entered into the
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was performed, this doctrine was on the rise in England, and under the direction of Puritan theologians at Cambridge and Oxford had come to be considered the orthodox position of the
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The 1604 version was once believed to be closer to the play as originally performed in Marlowe's lifetime, simply because it was older. By the 1940s, after influential studies by
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doctrine of absolute predestination, which dominated the lectures and writings of many English scholars in the latter half of the sixteenth century. According to Calvin,
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313:, the 1604 version came to be regarded as an abbreviation and the 1616 version as Marlowe's original fuller version. Kirschbaum and Greg considered the A-text a "
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for Thomas Bushell; this is usually called the A text. The title page attributes the play to "Ch. Marl.". A second edition (A2) of first version was printed by
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him to speak to Lucifer and return. The next scene is a comedic reflection in which Wagner calls two devils, with which he scares the Clown into serving him.
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456:. He also emphasised Faustus's intellectual aspirations and curiosity, and minimised the vices in the character, to lend a Renaissance aura to the story.
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as Faustus in an adaptation by Ronald Eyre intended for schools. In 1961, the BBC adapted the play for television as a two-episode production starring
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Along with its history and language style, scholars have critiqued and analysed the structure of the play. Leonard H. Frey wrote a document entitled
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this places the play firmly in the Elizabethan period when the problem of magic ("liberation or damnation?") was a matter of debate, and when
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have been the subject of considerable debate. Among the most complicated points of contention is whether the play supports or challenges the
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228:, "to the great amazement of both the actors and spectators". Some people were allegedly driven mad, "distracted with that fearful sight."
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aimed at a furthering of science. Nicholl, who connects Faustus as a "studious artisan" (1.1.56) to the "hands-on experience" promoted by
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631:"Ravished" by magic (1.1.112), Faustus turns to the dark arts when law, logic, science, and theology fail to satisfy him. According to
393:, which itself may have been influenced by even earlier, equally ill-preserved pamphlets in Latin (such as those that likely inspired
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late, if Faustus will repent" in the 1616 text, a change that offers a very different possibility for Faustus's hope and repentance.
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184:. It was probably written in 1592 or 1593, shortly before Marlowe's death. Two different versions of the play were published in the
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https://www.emptymirrorbooks.com/literature/the-necessity-of-tragedy-how-what-goethe-played-with-is-still-entirely-relevant
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Manoukian, M. (n.d.)."The necessity of tragedy: How what goethe played with is still entirely relevant." Retrieved from
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performed the play 24 times in the three years between October 1594 and October 1597. On 22 November 1602, the diary of
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for such practices. Subsequent commentators have identified this individual as the prototypical Faustus of the legend.
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asks for books of knowledge, and Mephistophilis provides a single book. In the corresponding comedic scene, Robin, a
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995:. There is no agreement concerning the nature of the text and the date of composition... and the centrality of the
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legend in the history of Western world precludes any definitive agreement on the interpretation of the play...
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The powerful effect of the early productions is indicated by the legends that quickly accrued around them. In
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The Predecessors of Shakespeare: A Survey and Bibliography of Recent Studies in English Renaissance Drama.
732:, who based the film on an Oxford University Dramatic Society production in which Burton starred opposite
379:. Some scholars believe that Marlowe developed the story from a popular 1592 translation, commonly called
236:, lead actor of The Admiral's Men, devoted his later years to charitable endeavours, like the founding of
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The Predecessors of Shakespeare: A Survey and Bibliography of Recent Studies in English Renaissance Drama
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2045:"Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe (A-Text) | Second Look (Beyond Shakespeare Exploring Session)"
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Frey, Leonard H. (December 1963). "Antithetical Balance in the Opening and Close of Doctor Faustus".
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However, Marlowe also introduced some changes to make it more original. He made four main additions:
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In 2020 the Beyond Shakespeare Company released on line a play-reading and discussion of the A Text.
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The Chorus explains that Faustus was low-born, but quickly achieved a doctorate in theology at the
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The first production on BBC Radio was broadcast on 29 June 1932, directed by Barbara Burnham with
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first edition. Bushell transferred his rights to the play to John Wright on 13 September 1610.
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Pinciss, G. M. (Spring 1993). "Marlowe's Cambridge Years and the Writing of Doctor Faustus".
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wants Faustus to know what he is getting himself into before going through with the bargain:
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When Faustus's 24 years are nearly up, he bequeaths his possessions to Wagner. He conjures
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and William Bird for additions to the play, which suggests a revival soon after that date
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1441:. The Shakespeare Handbooks: Shakespeare's Contemporaries. London: Palgrave. p. 3.
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1855:"The Oxford University Dramatic Society: The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1934)"
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The Persecutory Imagination: English Puritanism and the Literature of Religious Despair
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records the tale that actual devils once appeared on the stage during a performance of
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The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus From the Quarto of 1616 by Christopher Marlowe
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The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus From the Quarto of 1604 by Christopher Marlowe
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972:"CLASSIC POETRY for Christopher Marlowe's Deathday: The Survival of "Doctor Faustus""
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Two live performances in London have been videotaped and released on DVD: one at the
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on 13 April 1934 with R. F. Felton as Faustus and P.B.P. Glenville as Mephistopheles.
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Snyder, Susan (July 1966). "Marlowe's 'Doctor Fausus' as an Inverted Saint's Life".
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Whatever the inspiration, the development of Marlowe's play is very faithful to the
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so that the resulting publications may be modified versions of the original script.
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No Elizabethan play outside the Shakespeare canon has raised more controversy than
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Several soothsayers or necromancers of the late fifteenth century adopted the name
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1382:(2004). "The contract from hell". In Heffernan, William C.; Kleinig, John (eds.).
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in 1609. It is merely a direct reprint of the 1604 text. The text is short for an
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showing Faustus conjuring Mephistophilis. The spelling "Histoy" is agreed to be a
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860:(1928–2012) composed music for a Texas Tech University production of Dr. Faustus.
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However, Faustus believes that supernatural powers are worth a lifetime in Hell:
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An adaptation was broadcast on BBC Radio 3 on 23 September 2007, this time with
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The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus: A Critical Edition of the 1604 Version
515:. However, his interest in learning and his pride soon led him to necromancy.
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Religious Controversies of the Elizabethan Age: A Survey of Printed Sources
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The History of the damnable life, and deserved death of Doctor Iohn Faustus
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is based on an older tale; it is believed to be the first dramatisation of
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This article is about the play by Christopher Marlowe. For other uses, see
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Hamlin, William M. (2001). "Casting Doubt in Marlowe's 'Doctor Faustus'".
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The first television adaptation was broadcast in 1947 by the BBC starring
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Marlowe, Christopher (1962). Bevington, David; Rasmussen, Eric (eds.).
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Playing with desire: Christopher Marlowe and the art of tantalization
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as the Good Angel, was broadcast on BBC Radio 3 on 19 September 2012.
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suggesting Marlowe did at least oversee the composition of them. The
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as Mephistopheles. In 1958, another BBC television version starred
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and by William Borne (or Birde), and possibly by Marlowe himself.
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Kirschbaum, Leo (1943). "Marlowe's Faustus: A Reconsideration".
906:) in 2001 as part of its "Great Plays of the Millennium" series.
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There have been several adaptations on BBC Radio and elsewhere:
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as Faustus; this production was also meant for use in schools.
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Honderich, Pauline (1973). "John Calvin and Doctor Faustus".
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to faith and salvation, and to present a dilemma in terms of
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The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus
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The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus
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535:, has stolen a conjuring book, and plans mischief with it.
1943:"The Sunday Play: The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus"
1784:"For the Schools: The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus"
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The name has many forms: Marlowe writes Mephistophilis...
989:. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. p. 14.
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as Mephistopheles, later releasing it on audio cassette (
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A production, adapted and directed by Emma Harding with
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The name Bruno in the rival Pope scenes recalls that of
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Tromly, Frederic (1998). "Damnation as tantalization".
1234:(A text ed.). United Kingdom: Longman. p. 1.
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Say he (Faustus) surrender up to him (Lucifer) his soul
1553:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 157.
433:, especially in the way it mixes comedy with tragedy.
397:'s treatment of the damnation of the doctor of Paris,
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Exploits and Opinions of Dr. Faustroll, Pataphysician
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Faustus: The Life and Times of a Renaissance Magician
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Cultural depictions of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
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Marlowe, Christopher (2007). Keefer, Michael (ed.).
1386:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 98.
180:, based on German stories about the title character
890:broadcast a full radio adaptation of the play with
611:, and anti-Calvinists, such as William Barrett and
481:in thirteen scenes (1604) or twenty scenes (1616).
1029:. John Butcher. Harlow: Longman. pp. x, xix.
985:Logan, Terence P.; Denzell S. Smith, eds. (1973).
683:Having thee (Mephistophilis) ever to attend on me
2220:A Concordance to the Works of Christopher Marlowe
2134:. Manchester: U of Manchester P. pp. 72–73.
780:adaptation was broadcast on 18 October 1949 with
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2124:Lincoln, NE, University of Nebraska Press, 1973.
765:broadcast an adaptation on 11 October 1946 with
452:The substitution of a Pageant of Devils for the
1921:"The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1964)"
1899:"The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1949)"
1877:"The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1946)"
2120:Logan, Terence P., and Denzell S. Smith, eds.
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1833:"Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus (1932)"
875:as Cornelius/Emperor Charles V/Covetousness,
2065:SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900
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1593:SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900
1358:. University of Toronto Press. p. 135.
667:Which strikes a terror to my fainting soul!
657:Think'st thou that I who saw the face of God
383:. There is thought to have been an earlier,
2131:Doctor Faustus, A- and B-texts (1604, 1616)
1278:(trans). London: Forge Press. p. 428.
803:broadcast a production on 1 June 1964 with
679:So he will spare him four and twenty years,
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1302:The English Faust Book, a critical edition
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493:In the Opening and Close of Doctor Faustus
444:, in Act 1, on the vanity of human science
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2117:4 Volumes, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1923.
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818:broadcast an adaptation of the play with
3197:2nd movement "Quasi-Faust" (1847, Alkan)
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2291:Tamburlaine the Great, Parts One and Two
1967:. BBC Programme Index. 23 September 2007
1762:"The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus"
665:O Faustus, leave these frivolous demands
661:Am not tormented with ten thousand hells
571:The Calvinist/anti-Calvinist controversy
3014:The Black Bonspiel of Wullie MacCrimmon
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2127:
1945:. BBC Programme Index. 24 December 1995
1786:. BBC Programme Index. 21 February 1958
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951:Solamen miseris socios habuisse doloris
663:In being deprived of everlasting bliss?
240:, in direct response to this incident.
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2173:The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus
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1989:Shining Princess of the Slender Bamboo
1901:. BBC Programme Index. 18 October 1949
1879:. BBC Programme Index. 11 October 1946
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681:Letting him live in all voluptuousness
220:, his 1632 polemic against the drama,
3655:The Devil's Hands Are Idle Playthings
2891:The Year the Yankees Lost the Pennant
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1203:"'Faustus' and the Politics of Magic"
1857:. BBC Programme Index. 13 April 1934
1683:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp.
1513:
1162:
867:as both Faustus and Mephistopheles,
659:And tasted the eternal joy of heaven
626:
422:, who was expelled from the town of
2337:The Passionate Shepherd to His Love
2014:"Drama on 3: Doctor Faustus (2012)"
1965:"Drama on 3: Doctor Faustus (2007)"
1835:. BBC Programme Index. 29 June 1932
1764:. BBC Programme Index. 22 June 1947
1329:Bellinger, Martha Fletcher (1927).
1004:
932:
264:
13:
1811:. London: Bloomsbury. p. 69.
1504:
752:Oxford University Dramatic Society
14:
3907:
3518:El extraño caso del doctor Fausto
3360:The Mephistopheles of Los Angeles
2907:The Devil to Pay in the Backlands
2149:
1335:. New York: Holt. pp. 207–13
1272:The History and Practice of Magic
888:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
646:
163:, commonly referred to simply as
3886:British plays adapted into films
3825:
3824:
3382:The Laboratory of Mephistopheles
3113:Doctor Faustus Lights the Lights
2506:The Life of Edward II of England
2166:
1923:. BBC Programme Index. June 1964
1808:Doctor Faustus: A Critical Guide
1805:Deats, Sara Munson, ed. (2012).
1413:(The History Press, 2009), p. 15
575:The theological implications of
269:Two versions of the play exist:
232:recorded a related legend, that
3876:Plays based on the Faust legend
3195:Grande sonate 'Les quatre âges'
3006:Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?
2552:Shakespeare authorship question
2092:
2055:
2028:
2006:
1979:
1957:
1935:
1913:
1891:
1869:
1847:
1825:
1798:
1776:
1754:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1670:
1635:
1584:
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1542:
1492:
1455:
1428:
1416:
1400:
1372:
1347:
1322:
1293:
1248:
1223:
1156:
879:as Valdes/Beelzebub/Knight and
346:
3681:When the Devil Calls Your Name
3346:The Devil Went Down to Georgia
3137:Historia von D. Johann Fausten
2963:Johannes Cabal the Necromancer
2715:Historia von D. Johann Fausten
2047:. 31 October 2020 – via
1332:A Short History of the Theatre
1119:
1116:Bevington and Rasmussen 72–73.
1110:
1101:
1076:
1051:
1016:
964:
754:broadcast a production on the
696:
412:Georgius Faustus Helmstetensis
390:Historia von D. Johann Fausten
250:Historia von D. Johann Fausten
191:
1:
3806:Mephistopheles and Margaretta
2105:
1384:Private and public corruption
1129:The Review of English Studies
1023:Marlowe, Christopher (1995).
3866:Plays by Christopher Marlowe
3446:The Devil and Daniel Webster
2860:The Devil and Daniel Webster
2520:Lessons in Love and Violence
2228:Doctor Faustus
1992:. I. E. Clark Publications.
1013:Chambers, Vol. 3, pp. 423–4.
468:
387:German edition of 1587, the
7:
2566:(attributed play, rejected)
2537:English Renaissance theatre
2176:public domain audiobook at
1677:Stachniewski, John (1991).
1254:Bevington and Rasmussen xi.
1174:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
1088:Stationer's Register Online
1063:Stationer's Register Online
944:
557:Duke and Duchess of Vanholt
506:
16:Play by Christopher Marlowe
10:
3912:
3881:Fiction about invisibility
3673:The Devil and Daniel Mouse
3202:Scenes from Goethe's Faust
2233:Internet Broadway Database
1644:The Modern Language Review
1435:Lohelin, James N. (2016).
1306:Cambridge University Press
1300:Jones, John Henry (1994).
796:as the Emperor of Germany.
367:
18:
3871:English Renaissance plays
3820:
3797:
3746:
3695:
3664:
3639:
3632:
3574:Faust: Love of the Damned
3373:
3302:
3258:
3251:
3171:
3155:
3040:
2981:
2766:
2706:
2643:
2578:
2529:
2483:
2414:
2353:
2328:
2275:
1528:10.1215/00267929-24-4-350
1516:Modern Language Quarterly
1466:. Peterborough, Ontario:
1232:Doctor Faustus the A text
1172:1604-1616: Parallel Texts
1142:10.1093/res/os-XIX.75.225
1107:Chambers, Vol. 3, p. 422.
204:recorded a £4 payment to
148:
138:
130:
122:
114:
68:
58:
35:
30:
2844:The Master and Margarita
2797:The Devil and Tom Walker
1230:Kendell, Monica (2003).
957:
513:University of Wittenberg
291:English Renaissance play
248:Given its source in the
3241:Bagatelle sans tonalité
3145:Faustus, the Last Night
2284:Dido, Queen of Carthage
1549:Milward, Peter (1977).
1438:Marlowe: Doctor Faustus
293:, only 1485 lines long.
243:
3398:The Damnation of Faust
3325:Sympathy for the Devil
3286:Beethoven's Last Night
2446:A Dead Man in Deptford
2115:The Elizabethan Stage.
1986:Ashby, Sylvia (1976).
1208:London Review of Books
849:as the Evil Angel and
826:as Mephistopheles and
756:BBC National Programme
722:adapted for the screen
686:
670:
381:The English Faust Book
45:to a 1620 printing of
3598:Shortcut to Happiness
3590:I Was a Teenage Faust
3478:Marguerite de la nuit
3430:The Student of Prague
3414:The Student of Prague
3180:Gretchen am Spinnrade
3057:La damnation de Faust
2915:That Hell-Bound Train
2513:The Massacre at Paris
2319:The Massacre at Paris
814:On 24 December 1995,
674:
654:
637:Renaissance occultism
188:several years later.
3712:Randy Newman's Faust
3470:Beauty and the Devil
3406:Faust and Marguerite
3390:Faust and Marguerite
3089:Faust and Marguerite
2947:The Devil's Own Work
2923:For a Breath I Tarry
2828:The Sorrows of Satan
2789:Melmoth the Wanderer
2782:Daniel and the Devil
2637:Works based on Faust
2439:Tamburlaine Must Die
1736:Studies in Philology
1581:p. 157-163. Milward.
258:Stationers' Register
134:Early Modern English
3462:The Legend of Faust
3332:Friend of the Devil
3121:The Rake's Progress
3108:(1916–1925, Busoni)
2883:The Devil in Velvet
2678:Theophilus of Adana
2661:Deal with the Devil
2570:The School of Night
2460:Shakespeare in Love
2432:The School of Night
2269:Christopher Marlowe
913:in 2010 and one at
841:as Mephistopheles,
788:as Mephistophilis,
778:BBC Third Programme
763:BBC Third Programme
541:Alexander the Great
448:Good and Bad Angels
178:Christopher Marlowe
152:16th century Europe
63:Christopher Marlowe
51:typographical error
3542:Oh, God! You Devil
3220:(1854–1857, Liszt)
3124:(1951, Stravinsky)
2931:The Damnation Game
2666:in popular culture
2656:Johann Georg Faust
2474:The Marlowe Papers
2183:1616 quarto online
925:as Mephistopheles.
856:American composer
811:as Mephistophilis.
773:as Mephistophilis.
736:as Helen of Troy.
547:and give a knight
414:, calling himself
3838:
3837:
3691:
3690:
3422:Rapsodia satanica
3369:
3368:
3339:Bohemian Rhapsody
3212:(1906–07, Mahler)
2603:
2602:
2212:Project Gutenberg
2197:Project Gutenberg
1999:978-0-88680-266-0
1470:. pp. 67–8.
1393:978-0-7425-3492-6
1365:978-0-8020-4355-9
1315:978-0-521-42087-7
1304:. Cambridge, UK:
1241:978-0-582-81780-7
917:in 2011 starring
915:the Globe Theatre
911:Greenwich Theatre
904:978-0-660-18526-2
858:Mary McCarty Snow
627:Themes and motifs
601:Church of England
454:seven deadly sins
252:, published as a
156:
155:
131:Original language
91:Seven deadly sins
3903:
3828:
3827:
3637:
3636:
3318:Cross Road Blues
3256:
3255:
3225:Mephisto Waltzes
3205:(1853, Schumann)
3183:(1814, Schubert)
3097:Faust up to Date
2867:None but Lucifer
2630:
2623:
2616:
2607:
2606:
2594:Marlowe portrait
2587:Marlowe Memorial
2557:Marlovian theory
2344:Hero and Leander
2298:The Jew of Malta
2262:
2255:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2214:
2199:
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1216:
1211:. pp. 18–19
1201:(8 March 1990).
1199:Nicholl, Charles
1195:
1186:
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1153:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1108:
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1099:
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1094:
1084:"Entry: SRO5778"
1080:
1074:
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1069:
1059:"Entry: SRO4383"
1055:
1049:
1048:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1002:
1001:
982:
976:
975:
968:
933:Critical history
801:BBC Home Service
734:Elizabeth Taylor
605:William Whitaker
377:the Faust legend
279:Valentine Simmes
265:The two versions
238:Alleyn's College
40:
28:
27:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3816:
3793:
3773:(comics) (1968)
3742:
3687:
3660:
3648:Printer's Devil
3628:
3454:Alias Nick Beal
3365:
3353:Faustian Echoes
3298:
3293:The Black Rider
3247:
3233:Gothic Symphony
3172:Classical music
3167:
3151:
3060:(1846, Berlioz)
3036:
3030:Il Dottor Faust
2977:
2762:
2755:Faust, Part Two
2748:Faust, Part One
2718:(1587 chapbook)
2702:
2639:
2634:
2604:
2599:
2574:
2563:Lust's Dominion
2525:
2479:
2410:
2386:Nicholas Skeres
2366:Philip Henslowe
2349:
2324:
2271:
2266:
2204:
2189:
2167:
2162:Standard Ebooks
2152:
2142:
2112:Chambers, E. K.
2108:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2078:10.2307/1556188
2060:
2056:
2043:
2040:Wayback Machine
2033:
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2019:
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1294:
1274:. Vol. 1.
1268:Christian, Paul
1265:
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1021:
1017:
1012:
1005:
983:
979:
970:
969:
965:
960:
947:
935:
921:as Faustus and
894:as Faustus and
881:Frances Tomelty
853:as the Emperor.
835:Paterson Joseph
830:as the Old Man.
807:as Faustus and
792:as Lucifer and
769:as Faustus and
705:as Faustus and
703:David King-Wood
699:
685:
682:
680:
678:
669:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
649:
633:Charles Nicholl
629:
609:William Perkins
573:
549:cuckold's horns
509:
473:The play is in
471:
395:Jacob Bidermann
370:
356:is seen as the
349:
319:Charles Nicholl
267:
246:
202:Philip Henslowe
194:
123:Place premiered
110:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
76:
54:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3909:
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3783:
3774:
3771:Doctor Faustus
3768:
3759:
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3744:
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3641:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:The Last Faust
3618:
3610:
3602:
3594:
3586:
3578:
3570:
3562:
3554:
3546:
3538:
3534:Doctor Faustus
3530:
3522:
3514:
3510:Doctor Faustus
3506:
3498:
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3328:
3321:
3314:
3311:Mephisto Polka
3306:
3304:
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3299:
3297:
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3282:
3281:
3280:
3277:The Black Halo
3273:
3262:
3260:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3237:
3229:
3221:
3217:Faust Symphony
3213:
3210:Symphony No. 8
3206:
3198:
3192:
3191:(1840, Wagner)
3188:Faust Overture
3184:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3129:Reuben, Reuben
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3093:
3085:
3081:Le petit Faust
3077:
3069:
3068:(1859, Gounod)
3061:
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2975:
2971:The Last Faust
2967:
2959:
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2943:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2899:Gimmicks Three
2895:
2887:
2879:
2875:Doktor Faustus
2871:
2863:
2856:
2848:
2840:
2832:
2824:
2820:Chasse-galerie
2816:
2808:
2804:St. John's Eve
2800:
2793:
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2778:
2770:
2768:
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2723:Doctor Faustus
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2710:
2708:
2704:
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2701:
2700:
2695:
2693:Pan Twardowski
2690:
2688:Mephistopheles
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2492:Doctor Faustus
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2453:It Was Marlowe
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2409:
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2396:George Chapman
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2371:Thomas Heywood
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2157:Doctor Faustus
2151:
2150:External links
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1742:(4): 565–577.
1726:
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1708:
1694:978-0198117810
1693:
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1634:
1605:10.2307/450998
1599:(2): 249–264.
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1560:978-0803209237
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1522:(4): 350–353.
1503:
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1425:by P.F., Gent,
1415:
1399:
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1380:Cantor, Paul A
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1181:978-0198124023
1180:
1170:Doctor Faustus
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1136:(75): 225–41.
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828:Maurice Denham
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730:Nevill Coghill
726:Richard Burton
711:William Squire
698:
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647:Mephistophilis
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585:predestination
577:Doctor Faustus
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245:
242:
222:William Prynne
193:
190:
166:Doctor Faustus
154:
153:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
116:
115:Date premiered
112:
111:
103:Duke of Saxony
95:Pope Adrian VI
83:Mephistophilis
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
47:Doctor Faustus
41:
33:
32:
21:Doctor Faustus
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3908:
3897:
3896:Tragedy plays
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
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3808:
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3779:
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3766:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3738:
3737:
3736:Disco Inferno
3733:
3730:
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3725:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3705:
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3419:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3403:
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3357:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3313:" (1859–1885)
3312:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3227:
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3222:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3163:Faust ballets
3161:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3084:(1869, Hervé)
3083:
3082:
3078:
3076:(1868, Boito)
3075:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3052:(1816, Spohr)
3051:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2986:
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2980:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2965:
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2806:
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2801:
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2736:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:Seminal works
2705:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2664:
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2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2631:
2626:
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2619:
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2612:
2611:
2608:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2589:
2588:
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2583:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2547:Admiral's Men
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:Miscellaneous
2528:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
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2486:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2401:Edward Alleyn
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2376:Ingram Frizer
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2316:
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2309:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2300:
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2295:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2141:9780719016431
2137:
2133:
2132:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2095:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2072:(2): 257–75.
2071:
2067:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2015:
2009:
2001:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1982:
1966:
1960:
1944:
1938:
1922:
1916:
1900:
1894:
1878:
1872:
1856:
1850:
1834:
1828:
1820:
1818:9781441188571
1814:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1785:
1779:
1763:
1757:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1704:
1700:
1696:
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1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1587:
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1566:
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1556:
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1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1510:
1508:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1477:9781551115146
1473:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1448:9781137426352
1444:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1424:
1419:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1395:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1367:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1311:
1308:. p. 1.
1307:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:Nichols, Ross
1273:
1269:
1263:
1261:
1251:
1243:
1237:
1233:
1226:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1194:
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1183:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1036:0-582-25409-4
1032:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1010:
1008:
1000:
998:
994:
988:
981:
973:
967:
963:
952:
949:
948:
942:
939:
927:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
905:
901:
897:
896:Eric Peterson
893:
892:Kenneth Welsh
889:
885:
882:
878:
877:Simon Ludders
874:
870:
866:
862:
859:
855:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
829:
825:
821:
820:Stephen Moore
817:
813:
810:
806:
802:
798:
795:
791:
790:Rupert Davies
787:
786:Peter Ustinov
783:
782:Robert Harris
779:
775:
772:
768:
767:Alec Guinness
764:
760:
757:
753:
749:
746:
742:
741:
740:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:The play was
718:
716:
712:
708:
707:Hugh Griffith
704:
694:
692:
684:
673:
668:
653:
644:
642:
638:
634:
624:
622:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
586:
582:
578:
568:
565:
564:Helen of Troy
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
536:
534:
528:
524:
520:
516:
514:
504:
500:
498:
494:
489:
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482:
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476:
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432:
427:
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401:
396:
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386:
382:
378:
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365:
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359:
355:
344:
340:
338:
337:
332:
326:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
300:
299:Samuel Rowley
295:
292:
288:
284:
280:
277:, printed by
276:
272:
271:
270:
262:
259:
255:
251:
241:
239:
235:
234:Edward Alleyn
231:
227:
223:
219:
218:
217:Histriomastix
212:
211:
207:
206:Samuel Rowley
203:
199:
198:Admiral's Men
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
172:
168:
167:
162:
161:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
108:Helen of Troy
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
75:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
3804:
3785:
3777:
3762:
3753:
3734:
3726:
3718:
3710:
3704:Damn Yankees
3702:
3679:
3671:
3620:
3612:
3604:
3596:
3588:
3580:
3572:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3508:
3500:
3492:
3486:Damn Yankees
3484:
3476:
3468:
3460:
3452:
3444:
3436:
3428:
3420:
3412:
3404:
3396:
3388:
3380:
3291:
3284:
3275:
3268:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3215:
3200:
3186:
3178:
3143:
3135:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3105:Doktor Faust
3103:
3100:(1888, Lutz)
3095:
3092:(1855, Lutz)
3087:
3079:
3071:
3063:
3055:
3047:
3028:
3020:
3012:
3004:
2998:Damn Yankees
2996:
2988:
2969:
2961:
2953:
2945:
2937:
2929:
2921:
2913:
2905:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2873:
2865:
2850:
2842:
2834:
2826:
2818:
2810:
2802:
2787:
2753:
2746:
2743:(1808 play)
2739:
2734:(1602, play)
2729:
2722:
2721:
2713:
2592:
2585:
2561:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2391:Robert Poley
2381:Eleanor Bull
2361:Thomas Nashe
2342:
2335:
2317:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2227:
2218:
2205:
2190:
2172:
2155:
2130:
2121:
2114:
2094:
2069:
2063:
2057:
2036:Ghostarchive
2034:Archived at
2030:
2018:. Retrieved
2008:
1988:
1981:
1969:. Retrieved
1959:
1947:. Retrieved
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1893:
1881:. Retrieved
1871:
1859:. Retrieved
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1827:
1807:
1800:
1788:. Retrieved
1778:
1766:. Retrieved
1756:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1724:(Marlowe 15)
1720:
1715:(Marlowe 14)
1711:
1679:
1672:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1577:
1550:
1544:
1519:
1515:
1494:
1463:
1457:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1407:Leo Ruickbie
1402:
1383:
1374:
1355:
1349:
1337:. Retrieved
1331:
1324:
1301:
1295:
1287:
1271:
1250:
1231:
1225:
1213:. Retrieved
1206:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1112:
1103:
1091:. Retrieved
1087:
1078:
1066:. Retrieved
1062:
1053:
1025:
1018:
996:
992:
990:
986:
980:
966:
937:
936:
873:Tim McMullan
869:Pearl Mackie
851:Anton Lesser
847:Janet McTeer
837:as Faustus,
822:as Faustus,
784:as Faustus,
738:
719:
700:
687:
676:
671:
656:
650:
630:
617:
596:
595:At the time
594:
576:
574:
561:
551:for being a
537:
529:
525:
521:
517:
510:
501:
492:
490:
483:
472:
435:
430:
428:
407:
405:
398:
389:
380:
372:
371:
362:comic relief
350:
347:Comic scenes
341:
334:
327:
323:
304:
268:
247:
225:
215:
213:
209:
195:
186:Jacobean era
165:
164:
159:
158:
157:
77:
46:
43:Frontispiece
25:
3265:Epica Saga
3252:Other music
3208:Part II of
3073:Mefistofele
2847:(1929–1940)
2726:(1592 play)
2698:Stingy Jack
2673:Simon Magus
2644:Folk legend
2542:Blank verse
2484:Adaptations
2467:Kit Marlowe
2217:Louis Ule,
2098:Hamlin 258.
1650:(1): 1–13.
1164:Greg, W. W.
919:Paul Hilton
871:as Wagner,
845:as Wagner,
824:Philip Voss
816:BBC Radio 3
794:Donald Gray
747:as Faustus.
745:Ion Swinley
724:in 1967 by
697:Adaptations
621:reprobation
497:soliloquies
475:blank verse
464:conformity.
420:chiromancer
287:John Wright
230:John Aubrey
192:Performance
171:Elizabethan
3861:1604 plays
3856:1593 plays
3851:1592 plays
3845:Categories
3787:Frau Faust
3633:Television
3606:Goat Story
3582:Fausto 5.0
3550:Crossroads
3022:Temptation
2955:Jack Faust
2416:In fiction
2406:Thomas Kyd
2106:References
1486:2008378689
1339:14 January
1168:Marlowe's
843:Toby Jones
839:Ray Fearon
809:Esme Percy
715:Alan Dobie
641:Paracelsus
613:Peter Baro
440:Faustus's
431:Faust Book
424:Ingolstadt
416:astrologer
315:bad quarto
311:W. W. Greg
283:George Eld
69:Characters
59:Written by
3812:Paintings
3755:Gods' Man
3566:Bedazzled
3502:Bedazzled
2738:Goethe's
2731:Cenodoxus
2499:Edward II
2312:Edward II
1621:0039-3657
1613:1522-9270
1536:0026-7929
1284:560512683
776:A second
581:Calvinist
469:Structure
442:soliloquy
403:(1602)).
400:Cenodoxus
358:archetype
336:Faustbuch
273:The 1604
99:Charles V
3830:Category
3780:(comics)
3720:Success!
3696:Musicals
3657:" (2003)
3650:" (1963)
3640:Episodes
3526:Mephisto
3362:" (2015)
3355:" (2012)
3348:" (1979)
3341:" (1975)
3334:" (1970)
3327:" (1968)
3320:" (1936)
2990:Gretchen
2862:" (1937)
2852:Mephisto
2799:" (1824)
2775:Bearskin
2683:Erdgeist
2178:LibriVox
2038:and the
1703:22345662
1270:(1952).
1166:(1950).
1045:33208121
945:See also
590:theodicy
545:paramour
543:and his
507:Synopsis
254:chapbook
169:, is an
87:Belzebub
3765:(manga)
3244:(Liszt)
3236:(Brian)
3228:(Liszt)
3156:Ballets
2579:Related
2425:Marlowe
2231:at the
2086:1556188
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