56:). After the sensational escape of George Blake, a report was commissioned by the government to be chaired by Earl Mountbatten. The report recommended that all prisoners be categorised either A, B, C or D, according to their security risk, escape risk and danger to the general public. Category A prisoners were those deemed to be the worst and Category D prisoners were afforded the right to wander around the prison estate (within reason).
87:
Arguments for and against the
Dispersal system have been ongoing since first proposed by Radzinowicz in 1968. The idea of dispersal is that one prison is not overburdened with category A prisoners and the prisoners themselves can be accommodated within a larger prison population. The downside to this
67:
Report in 1968, it was decided to build secure units to hold the
Category A prisoners at seven locations. In this way, Category A prisoners could be 'dispersed' within any of the seven secure locations and the ability to move them at short notice was retained. The seven secure prisons were preceded
35:
in 1966 after some notorious prison escapes. It was decided that special secure units should be built to enable the allocation of
Category A prisoners to them, but to also allow the prison authorities the option to 'disperse' a prisoner to one of the other units at short notice. Whilst seven secure
71:
In early 2016, it was reported that the UK government was considering using just one unit to house all its
Islamist Terrorists as per Mountbatten's original recommendation. Critics pointed out that this would lead to further radicalisation of the non-religious prison community. In 2016, eight high
68:
by two
Special Security Wings at Durham and Leicester prisons, but the two wings were not fit for purpose as they were in pre-existing jails and adapted from existing buildings which were not as secure as a purpose-built prison would be.
84:. Only five of these are classified as dispersal prisons; Frankland, Full Sutton, Long Lartin, Wakefield and Whitemoor with Belmarsh, Manchester and Woodhill being described as 'Core Local' prisons.
150:
Was a dispersal site up to 2008; has a High
Security Unit (HSU) that houses Category A prisoners in segregation from the other prison population so is not officially classed as a dispersal prison
790:
761:
706:
333:
Report of the
Inquiry into Prison Escapes and Security, December 1966, by The Earl Mountbatten of Burma: implementation of treatment and rehabilitation of prisoners
582:
342:
The
Radzinowicz Report 1968: The Regime for Long-Term Prisoners in Conditions of Maximum Security. Report of the Advisory Council on the Penal System
32:
889:
794:
367:
765:
659:
915:
710:
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Report of the enquiry of the escape of six prisoners from the special security unit at
Whitemoor Prison, Cambridgeshire on 9th September 1994
1063:
476:
1048:
1031:
819:
556:
44:
During the 1960s in
Britain, several notorious and high-profile prisoners escaped from jails across the United Kingdom (
642:
88:
is that the system is expensive and that it places additional security on establishments housing Category B prisoners.
744:
451:
426:
36:
units were intended, the actual number has fluctuated over the years with a core selection of five still remaining.
1073:
940:
171:
The first purpose built Dispersal Prison and the largest in terms of inmate population (around 850 prisoners)
557:"Gang culture flourishing in top-security jail Long Lartin, report by chief inspector of prisons reveals"
1068:
608:
63:) where all the prisoners could be housed together in an 'Alcatraz-style' unit; however, following the
45:
72:
security prisons existed across England and Wales; Belmarsh, Frankland, Full Sutton, Long Lartin,
684:
504:
392:
966:
260:
178:
845:
393:"George Blake (Escape from Prison): 24 Oct 1966: House of Commons debates - TheyWorkForYou"
28:
8:
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Mountbatten's proposal was for one fortress-style super-prison (called HMP Vectis on the
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240:
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Designated as a Dispersal Prison in 1966; the longest serving of the original group
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31:. The idea of the Dispersal prison was initiated after a report submitted by
1001:
81:
53:
49:
271:
Parkhurst ceased to be a Dispersal Prison after a prisoner escape in 1995
368:"UK government considers single secure jail unit for Islamist terrorists"
916:"The Parkhirst[sic] Breakout: Fugitives were trapped by the sea"
583:"High-security prisoners 'segregated for up to two years', report finds"
129:
Original planned location by Mountbatten for all Category A prisoners
467:
Davies, Michael; Croall, Hazel; Tyrer, Jane (2009). "13: Prisons".
219:
709:. HM Inspectorate of Prisons. May 2015. p. 29. Archived from
793:. HM Inspectorate of Prisons. May 2016. p. 7. Archived from
142:
232:
Designated in 1969, removed from the Dispersal list in 1986
764:. HM Inspectorate of Prisons. pp. 5–7. Archived from
791:"Report on an unannounced inspection of HMP Full Sutton"
191:
Purpose-built high-security prison, houses 600 inmates
1049:
Woodcock enquiry into the 1994 Whitemoor prison escape
981:
762:"Report of an unannounced inspection of HMP Frankland"
471:(4 ed.). New York: Pearson Longman. p. 439.
707:"Report of an unannounced inspection of HMP Belmarsh"
485:
312:
Opened in 1991 as a purpose built Category A prison
895:. HM Inspectorate of Prisons. March 2015. p. 7
609:"Officials warn of terrorist links to prison gangs"
211:Gartree was changed to a Category B prison in 1992
660:"HMP Frankland's brutal regime – the inside story"
446:. Leichhardt, N.S.W.: Hawkins Press. p. 244.
941:"Eight of the most audacious prison escapes ever"
739:(1 ed.). London: Penguin Books. p. 47.
466:
1055:
421:(2 ed.). New York: Routledge. p. 302.
737:The criminal alphabet: an A–Z of prison slang
442:Cuneen, Chris; Anthony, Thalia, eds. (2008).
441:
820:"Life behind bars, a prison officer's tale"
637:. Winchester: Waterside Press. p. 51.
1029:
987:
635:Introduction to prisons and imprisonment
491:
419:Criminal justice : an introduction
1056:
913:
759:
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606:
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253:Upgraded prison to Category A in 1973
999:
734:
632:
580:
416:
23:is one of five secure prisons in the
16:Type of prison in the United Kingdom
530:"Improvements at murder-hit prison"
356:
13:
1037:(Report). London: The Home Office.
685:"Isle of Wight Prison information"
633:Flynn, Nick (1998). "3: Prisons".
444:The critical criminology companion
14:
1085:
1042:
1000:Smith, Noel (29 September 2017).
914:Cusick, James (10 January 1995).
366:Travis, Alan (13 February 2016).
555:Travis, Alan (13 January 2009).
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967:"Wakefield Prison information"
658:Hughes, Mark (23 March 2010).
581:Smith, Hayden (25 July 2017).
497:
460:
435:
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336:
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1:
1064:Category A prisons in England
607:Travis, Alan (3 March 2008).
349:
735:Smith, Noel 'Razor' (2015).
7:
760:Clarke, Peter (June 2016).
10:
1090:
1023:
39:
868:"Hull Prison information"
111:Date ceased as Dispersal
320:
1074:Penal system in England
1030:Woodcock, John (1994).
969:. Ministry of Justice
870:. Ministry of Justice
848:. Ministry of Justice
687:. Ministry of Justice
417:Joyce, Peter (2013).
105:Opened as Dispersal
29:Category A prisoners
800:on 3 December 2022
509:www.justice.gov.uk
397:theyworkforyou.com
1069:Dispersal prisons
1002:"Behind the gate"
890:"HMP Long Lartin"
478:978-1-4058-5880-9
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33:Earl Mountbatten
21:Dispersal prison
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1009:. Retrieved
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613:The Guardian
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561:The Guardian
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494:, p. 9.
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400:. Retrieved
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375:. Retrieved
372:The Guardian
371:
338:
329:
86:
70:
58:
54:George Blake
50:Ronnie Biggs
43:
27:that houses
20:
18:
241:Long Lartin
179:Full Sutton
92:The prisons
65:Radzinowicz
1058:Categories
1006:insidetime
350:References
74:Manchester
1011:3 October
973:2 October
951:2 October
925:2 October
899:3 October
874:2 October
852:3 October
830:2 October
804:3 October
775:2 October
720:3 October
691:3 October
669:2 October
618:3 October
592:3 October
566:3 October
540:3 October
514:3 October
402:2 October
377:2 October
300:Whitemoor
280:Wakefield
261:Parkhurst
159:Frankland
102:Location
78:Wakefield
534:BBC News
138:Belmarsh
82:Woodhill
1024:Sources
199:Gartree
40:History
743:
641:
475:
450:
425:
143:London
117:Albany
108:Notes
1035:(PDF)
893:(PDF)
798:(PDF)
769:(PDF)
714:(PDF)
321:Notes
309:1991
289:1966
274:1995
268:1966
250:1971
235:1986
229:1969
214:1992
208:1967
188:1987
168:1983
153:2008
147:1991
132:1992
126:1970
99:Name
1013:2017
975:2017
953:2017
927:2017
901:2017
876:2017
854:2017
832:2017
806:2017
777:2017
741:ISBN
722:2017
693:2017
671:2017
639:ISBN
620:2017
594:2017
568:2017
542:2017
516:2017
473:ISBN
448:ISBN
423:ISBN
404:2017
379:2017
220:Hull
52:and
1060::
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943:.
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559:.
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507:.
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358:^
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