128:, have sought to counter perceived misrepresentations of direct trade through increased transparency Counter Culture Coffee and Taza Chocolate pioneered annual Transparency Reports for the specialty coffee and craft chocolate industries, respectively, and each have their direct trade practices audited annually by an independent third-party. Whether these and other efforts to ensure the integrity of direct trade will succeed is the subject of ongoing debate. A company in the UK that implements Direct Trade coffee under their banner of Farm Direct is Ethical Addictions.
45:, tea sellers, gemologists and more who build direct relationships with the farmers, artisanal miners and processors who sell their products. There is no single set of direct trade standards, and specific trade practices vary as a reflection of business and ethical priorities of the roaster or maker. Generally speaking, however, direct trade practitioners view their model as one of mutually-beneficial and transparent trade relationships.
100:
causing death and destruction to producers. A study from 2011 demonstrated that fair trade strategies have a greater impact on the overall infrastructure development of growing coffee farms, and direct trades models show to have a greater impact on increased wages, and an overall improved quality of life, reported by the farmers included in the study.
99:
However, the efficacy of fair trade practices have become under a wide range of criticism ranging from less than advertised, to beneficial to large plantations but detrimental to the smallest of farms, unethical disbursement of profits, and even claims of a corrupt tool for marketing and profit
95:
practices – such as those certified by
Fairtrade International – are designed to promote ethical trading standards to the benefit of the poorest of producers in developing countries, providing opportunities for assistance with infrastructural growth, access to credit and micro financing to the
88:
While such practices are common among self-identified direct trade coffee roasters and chocolate makers, there is no single definition of direct trade nor set of common standards. A lack of third-party accountability is a frequent criticism leveled by direct trade critics, which include former
89:
proponents frustrated by what they perceive as a trend of large, marketing-savvy roasters "who bombard consumers with the term despite not offering any clear definition of its meaning, any evidence of an actual direct trade scheme or the slightest shred of transparency regarding sourcing."
96:
farmers and miners, and ensure ethical labor regulations for certified farms and mines. Many studies have found, for example, that fair trade has brought stabilization to the world coffee market, as well as improved many coffee producing farms world wide.
84:
Generating additional supply chain trust, safety and transparency through personal relationships, price negotiation, training and information sharing.
166:
219:
553:
Ruben, R.; Zuniga, G. (2011). "How standards compete: Comparative impact of coffee certification schemes in
Northern Nicaragua".
706:
376:
629:
581:
248:
71:
Allowing participation by individual farmers, miners and processors, regardless of size or membership in a cooperative;
277:
605:
403:"The development of a market for sustainable coffee in The Netherlands: Rethinking the contribution of Fair Trade"
68:
Tying these premiums to specific quality standards that create a sustainable economic rationale for higher prices;
109:
791:
442:
Ruben, Ruerd; Fort, Ricardo (2012). "The Impact of Fair Trade
Certification for Coffee Farmers in Peru".
174:
81:
Eliminating the fees involved in being a certified fair trade company (e.g. fees, dues, and surcharges);
325:
113:
227:
65:
Paying higher premiums directly to farmers and artisanal miners than those mandated by fair trade;
54:
658:
117:
8:
786:
125:
682:
146:
535:
494:
459:
424:
151:
731:
498:
428:
539:
463:
16:
Form of procurement in which upstream workers receive wages close to end sale prices
562:
525:
486:
455:
451:
414:
301:
20:
349:
256:
42:
637:
121:
38:
24:
566:
490:
419:
402:
780:
530:
513:
195:
75:
34:
92:
58:
582:"What's Fairer than Fair Trade? Try Direct Trade With Cocoa Farmers"
278:"Learn & Do | Community | Direct Trade | Intelligentsia Coffee"
53:
Some advocates explicitly define direct trade as an alternative to
326:"Fairtrade certification: benefits, fees, how & why to apply"
773:- A company that roasts and sells coffee beans by direct trade.
78:
and other financial support for equipment, tools and education;
477:
Griffiths, P. (July 2011). "Ethical objections to
Fairtrade".
755:
770:
707:"Direct Trade is Dead, Long Live its Founding Principles"
377:"Direct Trade is Dead, Long Live its Founding Principles"
57:, and they seek to address the perceived limitations of
400:
108:Original direct traders including coffee roasters
778:
220:"Contrasting Direct Trade and Fair Trade Coffee"
147:"To Burundi and Beyond for Coffee's Holy Grail"
552:
48:
529:
511:
476:
441:
418:
350:"Sustainability – Counter Culture Coffee"
779:
144:
606:"Chocolate—Sweetened by Direct Trade"
401:Ingenbleek, P.; Reinders, T. (2013).
371:
369:
302:"Direct Trade | Quest Coffee Company"
514:"The problem with Fair Trade coffee"
711:Daily Coffee News by Roast Magazine
579:
381:Daily Coffee News by Roast Magazine
13:
366:
14:
803:
764:
749:
724:
699:
675:
651:
622:
598:
573:
546:
505:
470:
435:
394:
110:Intelligentsia Coffee & Tea
456:10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.07.030
342:
318:
294:
270:
253:www.transparenttradecoffee.org
241:
212:
196:"What is Direct Trade coffee?"
188:
159:
138:
1:
131:
512:Cole, N.; Brown, K. (2014).
282:www.intelligentsiacoffee.com
226:. 2014-10-02. Archived from
145:Meehan, Peter (2007-09-12).
7:
103:
10:
808:
771:Direct Trade Roasty Coffee
659:"2016 Transparency Report"
479:Journal of Business Ethics
407:Journal of Business Ethics
306:www.questcoffeecompany.com
249:"Transparent Trade Coffee"
18:
567:10.1108/13598541111115356
491:10.1007/s10551-011-0972-0
420:10.1007/s10551-012-1316-4
114:Stumptown Coffee Roasters
531:10.1177/1536504214522009
49:Contrast with fair trade
19:Not to be confused with
732:"Is Direct Trade Fair?"
555:Supply Chain Management
120:, and chocolate makers
55:fairtrade certification
634:Counter Culture Coffee
354:Counter Culture Coffee
118:Counter Culture Coffee
630:"Transparency Report"
200:www.ethicalcoffee.net
37:practiced by certain
683:"Taza Direct Trade"
126:Askinosie Chocolate
792:Ethical investment
756:Ethical Addictions
152:The New York Times
610:RELEVANT Magazine
580:Leissle, Kristy.
444:World Development
799:
758:
753:
747:
746:
744:
743:
728:
722:
721:
719:
718:
703:
697:
696:
694:
693:
679:
673:
672:
670:
669:
655:
649:
648:
646:
645:
636:. Archived from
626:
620:
619:
617:
616:
602:
596:
595:
593:
592:
577:
571:
570:
550:
544:
543:
533:
509:
503:
502:
474:
468:
467:
439:
433:
432:
422:
398:
392:
391:
389:
388:
373:
364:
363:
361:
360:
346:
340:
339:
337:
336:
322:
316:
315:
313:
312:
298:
292:
291:
289:
288:
274:
268:
267:
265:
264:
255:. Archived from
245:
239:
238:
236:
235:
216:
210:
209:
207:
206:
192:
186:
185:
183:
182:
173:. Archived from
163:
157:
156:
142:
43:chocolate makers
21:Direct marketing
807:
806:
802:
801:
800:
798:
797:
796:
777:
776:
767:
762:
761:
754:
750:
741:
739:
730:
729:
725:
716:
714:
705:
704:
700:
691:
689:
681:
680:
676:
667:
665:
657:
656:
652:
643:
641:
628:
627:
623:
614:
612:
604:
603:
599:
590:
588:
578:
574:
551:
547:
510:
506:
475:
471:
440:
436:
399:
395:
386:
384:
375:
374:
367:
358:
356:
348:
347:
343:
334:
332:
324:
323:
319:
310:
308:
300:
299:
295:
286:
284:
276:
275:
271:
262:
260:
247:
246:
242:
233:
231:
224:Lexicon of Food
218:
217:
213:
204:
202:
194:
193:
189:
180:
178:
171:Lexicon of Food
165:
164:
160:
143:
139:
134:
106:
51:
39:coffee roasters
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
805:
795:
794:
789:
775:
774:
766:
765:External links
763:
760:
759:
748:
723:
698:
687:Taza Chocolate
674:
663:Taza Chocolate
650:
621:
597:
572:
545:
504:
485:(3): 357–373.
469:
450:(3): 570–582.
434:
413:(3): 461–474.
393:
365:
341:
317:
293:
269:
240:
211:
187:
167:"Direct Trade"
158:
136:
135:
133:
130:
122:Taza Chocolate
105:
102:
86:
85:
82:
79:
72:
69:
66:
50:
47:
25:Direct selling
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
804:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
782:
772:
769:
768:
757:
752:
737:
733:
727:
712:
708:
702:
688:
684:
678:
664:
660:
654:
640:on 2017-04-30
639:
635:
631:
625:
611:
607:
601:
587:
586:YES! Magazine
583:
576:
568:
564:
561:(2): 98–109.
560:
556:
549:
541:
537:
532:
527:
523:
519:
515:
508:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
473:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
438:
430:
426:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
397:
382:
378:
372:
370:
355:
351:
345:
331:
327:
321:
307:
303:
297:
283:
279:
273:
259:on 2017-07-03
258:
254:
250:
244:
230:on 2018-01-16
229:
225:
221:
215:
201:
197:
191:
177:on 2018-01-16
176:
172:
168:
162:
154:
153:
148:
141:
137:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
101:
97:
94:
90:
83:
80:
77:
73:
70:
67:
64:
63:
62:
60:
56:
46:
44:
40:
36:
33:is a form of
32:
26:
22:
751:
740:. Retrieved
738:. 2017-02-08
735:
726:
715:. Retrieved
713:. 2017-05-10
710:
701:
690:. Retrieved
686:
677:
666:. Retrieved
662:
653:
642:. Retrieved
638:the original
633:
624:
613:. Retrieved
609:
600:
589:. Retrieved
585:
575:
558:
554:
548:
524:(1): 50–55.
521:
517:
507:
482:
478:
472:
447:
443:
437:
410:
406:
396:
385:. Retrieved
383:. 2017-05-10
380:
357:. Retrieved
353:
344:
333:. Retrieved
329:
320:
309:. Retrieved
305:
296:
285:. Retrieved
281:
272:
261:. Retrieved
257:the original
252:
243:
232:. Retrieved
228:the original
223:
214:
203:. Retrieved
199:
190:
179:. Retrieved
175:the original
170:
161:
150:
140:
107:
98:
91:
87:
52:
31:Direct trade
30:
29:
787:Fair trade
781:Categories
742:2017-07-04
717:2017-07-04
692:2017-07-04
668:2017-07-04
644:2017-07-04
615:2017-07-04
591:2017-07-04
387:2017-07-04
359:2017-07-04
335:2017-07-04
311:2017-07-04
287:2017-07-04
263:2017-07-04
234:2017-07-04
205:2017-07-04
181:2017-07-04
132:References
93:Fair trade
76:microloans
74:Providing
59:fair trade
499:153463544
429:152591913
540:62222709
518:Contexts
464:56357037
104:Examples
35:sourcing
736:Sprudge
330:FLOCERT
538:
497:
462:
427:
116:, and
536:S2CID
495:S2CID
460:S2CID
425:S2CID
124:and
61:by:
563:doi
526:doi
487:doi
483:105
452:doi
415:doi
411:113
23:or
783::
734:.
709:.
685:.
661:.
632:.
608:.
584:.
559:16
557:.
534:.
522:13
520:.
516:.
493:.
481:.
458:.
448:40
446:.
423:.
409:.
405:.
379:.
368:^
352:.
328:.
304:.
280:.
251:.
222:.
198:.
169:.
149:.
112:,
41:,
745:.
720:.
695:.
671:.
647:.
618:.
594:.
569:.
565::
542:.
528::
501:.
489::
466:.
454::
431:.
417::
390:.
362:.
338:.
314:.
290:.
266:.
237:.
208:.
184:.
155:.
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.