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The incorporation of the decoder inside the encoder allows quantization of the differences, including nonlinear quantization, in the encoder, as long as an approximate inverse quantizer is used appropriately in the receiver. When the quantizer is uniform, the decoder regenerates the differences
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Option 2: instead of taking a difference relative to a previous input sample, take the difference relative to the output of a local model of the decoder process; in this option, the difference can be quantized, which allows a good way to incorporate a controlled loss in the
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The encoder performs the function of differentiation; a quantizer precedes the differencing of adjacent quantized samples; the decoder is an accumulator, which if correctly initialized exactly recovers the quantized signal.
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Applying one of these two processes, short-term redundancy (positive correlation of nearby values) of the signal is eliminated; compression ratios on the order of 2 to 4 can be achieved if differences are subsequently
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because the entropy of the difference signal is much smaller than that of the original discrete signal treated as independent samples.
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125:(PCM) but adds some functionalities based on the prediction of the samples of the signal. The input can be an
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them; calculate the difference between the first one and the next; the output is the difference.
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Option 1: take the values of two consecutive samples; if they are analog samples,
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Option 1: difference between two consecutive quantized samples
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implicitly, as in this simple diagram that Cutler showed:
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254:"Differential Quantization of Communication Signals"
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222:, a special case of DPCM where the differences e
121:) is a signal encoder that uses the baseline of
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51:introducing citations to additional sources
256:, filed June 29, 1950, issued July 29, 1952
215:Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation
180:in 1950; his patent includes both methods.
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41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
252:U.S. patent 2605361, C. Chapin Cutler,
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62:"Differential pulse-code modulation"
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148:is the input to the DPCM encoder.
115:Differential pulse-code modulation
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226:are represented with 1 bit as ±Δ
34:relies largely or entirely on a
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193:Option 2: analysis by synthesis
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140:analog signal, it needs to be
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1339:Compressed data structures
661:RLE + BWT + MTF + Huffman
329:Asymmetric numeral systems
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698:Discrete cosine transform
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628:LZ77 + Huffman + context
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1403:Smallest grammar problem
230:Pulse modulation methods
1344:Compressed suffix array
893:Nyquist–Shannon theorem
235:Delta-sigma modulation
205:
1373:Kolmogorov complexity
1241:Video characteristics
618:LZ77 + Huffman + ANS
204:
172:DPCM was invented by
123:pulse-code modulation
1463:Compression software
1057:Compression artifact
1013:Psychoacoustic model
146:discrete-time signal
47:improve this article
1453:Compression formats
1092:Texture compression
1087:Standard test image
903:Silence compression
1361:Information theory
1216:Display resolution
1042:Chroma subsampling
431:Byte pair encoding
376:Shannon–Fano–Elias
206:
136:If the input is a
1494:Telephony signals
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1275:Deblocking filter
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1489:Data compression
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1280:Lapped transform
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1062:Image resolution
1047:Coding tree unit
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293:Data compression
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220:Delta modulation
174:C. Chapin Cutler
144:first so that a
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918:Sub-band coding
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751:Predictive type
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638:LZSS + Huffman
588:LZ77 + Huffman
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423:Dictionary type
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319:Adaptive coding
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138:continuous-time
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131:digital signal
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103:September 2020
45:. Please help
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16:Signal encoder
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913:Speech coding
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908:Sound quality
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883:Dynamic range
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648:LZ77 + Range
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168:
167:entropy coded
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147:
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128:
127:analog signal
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64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
36:single source
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1419:Hutter Prize
1383:Quantization
1288:Compensation
1269:
1082:Quantization
946:
805:Compensation
757:
530:
371:Shannon–Fano
311:Entropy type
248:
196:
187:
171:
163:
135:
118:
114:
113:
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
33:
1378:Prefix code
1231:Frame types
1052:Color space
878:Convolution
608:LZ77 + ANS
519:Incremental
492:Other types
411:Levenshtein
1483:Categories
1435:Mark Adler
1393:Redundancy
1310:Daubechies
1293:Estimation
1226:Frame rate
1148:Daubechies
1108:Chain code
1067:Macroblock
873:Companding
810:Estimation
730:Daubechies
436:Lempel–Ziv
396:Exp-Golomb
324:Arithmetic
241:References
73:newspapers
1412:Community
1236:Interlace
622:Zstandard
401:Fibonacci
391:Universal
349:Canonical
178:Bell Labs
160:encoding.
43:talk page
1398:Symmetry
1366:Timeline
1349:FM-index
1194:Bit rate
1187:Concepts
1035:Concepts
898:Sampling
851:Bit rate
844:Concepts
546:Sequitur
381:Tunstall
354:Modified
344:Adaptive
302:Lossless
209:See also
154:quantize
1356:Entropy
1305:Wavelet
1284:Motion
1143:Wavelet
1123:Fractal
1118:Deflate
1101:Methods
888:Latency
801:Motion
725:Wavelet
642:LHA/LZH
592:Deflate
541:Re-Pair
536:Grammar
366:Shannon
339:Huffman
295:methods
142:sampled
87:scholar
1467:codecs
1428:People
1331:Theory
1298:Vector
815:Vector
632:Brotli
582:Hybrid
481:Snappy
334:Golomb
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
1258:parts
1256:Codec
1221:Frame
1179:Video
1163:SPIHT
1072:Pixel
1027:Image
981:ACELP
952:ADPCM
942:ÎĽ-law
937:A-law
930:parts
928:Codec
836:Audio
775:ACELP
763:ADPCM
740:SPIHT
681:Lossy
665:bzip2
656:LZHAM
612:LZFSE
514:Delta
406:Gamma
386:Unary
361:Range
129:or a
94:JSTOR
80:books
1270:DPCM
1077:PSNR
1008:MDCT
1001:WLPC
986:CELP
947:DPCM
795:WLPC
780:CELP
758:DPCM
708:MDCT
652:LZMA
553:LDCT
531:DPCM
476:LZWL
466:LZSS
461:LZRW
451:LZJB
119:DPCM
66:news
1315:DWT
1265:DCT
1209:VBR
1204:CBR
1199:ABR
1158:EZW
1153:DWT
1138:RLE
1128:KLT
1113:DCT
996:LSP
991:LAR
976:LPC
969:FFT
866:VBR
861:CBR
856:ABR
790:LSP
785:LAR
770:LPC
735:DWT
720:FFT
715:DST
703:DCT
602:LZS
597:LZX
573:RLE
568:PPM
563:PAQ
558:MTF
526:DMC
504:CTW
499:BWT
471:LZW
456:LZO
446:LZ4
441:842
176:at
49:by
1485::
1133:LP
964:FT
957:DM
509:CM
133:.
1469:)
1465:(
285:e
278:t
271:v
224:Q
117:(
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
53:.
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
