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through partition, the proceeds must be equally distributed between all of the co-owners without regard to how much each co-owner contributed to the purchase price of the property. No credits would be allowed for any excess contributions to the purchase price. For example, if A and B co-own property as JTWROS and A contributed 80% of the purchase price, A and B would still receive equal distributions upon partition. On the other hand, TIC deed holders may be granted at partition a credit for unequal contributions to purchase price. During either partition, credits may be awarded to any co-owner who may have contributed in excess of his share to the property expenses after taking deed to the property. Credits may be allowed for utilities and maintenance; however, credits for improvements may not be allowed unless the improvements actually added substantial value to the property.
1613:(additional information embedded in the object), NFTs can be tailored to reference and represent a wide range of assets in both digital and physical worlds. The blockchain’s immutability, proof of transfer and data transparency (information on the blockchain is generally publicly available to view) provide functions akin to those of a notary, such as ensuring the integrity and permanence of records. However, it is important to recognize that it does not replicate the full scope of legal authority and personal verification typically associated with notarial services. Nevertheless, proposals exist to further develop blockchain infrastructure, potentially expanding its use as a notarial mechanism in certain applications.
1577:
previous deed (the deed from Atwood to Burns) was not recorded, Cooper's deed is outside the chain of title. In a title search, someone looking up Atwood's name in the grantor index would find no indication that Atwood conveyed the property, and nothing would lead the searcher to Cooper's deed." A deed that is outside the chain of title is called a wild deed. The general rule is that a subsequent purchaser is not held to have constructive notice of a wild deed. In the example, Cooper's title is unprotected against subsequent good faith purchasers. Suppose Atwood were to fraudulently sell the same property to another person, Dunn. A court would rule that Dunn has good title to the property, not Cooper.
38:
916:
1642:
deed-like purpose, as in real estate, operates in a legal gray area, with no direct legal statutes explicitly supporting or regulating this method of property transfer. This emerging field continues to evolve, with legal experts, industry stakeholders, and legislators examining the implications and potential need for regulatory measures. The future of NFTs as a deed or similar vehicle of property rights, therefore, represents a dynamic intersection of technology, law, and property rights, warranting close observation and study as it progresses.
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942:. The precise name and nature of these warranties differ by jurisdiction. Often, however, the basic differences between them is the degree to which the grantor warrants the title. The grantor may give a general warranty of title against any claims, or the warranty may be limited to only claims which occurred after the grantor obtained the real estate. The latter type of deed is usually known as a
1459:, who acts as a cadastre, to be registered. An unrecorded deed may be valid proof of ownership between the parties, but may have no effect upon third-party claims until disclosed or recorded. A local statute may prescribe a period beyond which unrecorded deeds become void as to third parties, at least as to intervening acts.
1560:
incorrect transactions. It is much easier and cheaper to administer, lowering transaction costs. Some
Australian properties are still conveyed using a chain of title deeds – usually properties that have been owned by the same family since the nineteenth century – and these are often referred to as 'Old System' deeds.
1027:") for a loan. When the loan is paid off, title is transferred to the borrower by recording a release of the obligation, and the trustee's contingent ownership is extinguished. Otherwise, upon default, the trustee will liquidate the property with a new deed and offset the lender's loss with the proceeds.
1641:
While instances like the house sales in South
Carolina and Florida have demonstrated the practical application of NFTs functioning like land deeds in real estate, the legal framework surrounding such transactions remains in a state of development. As of now, the use of blockchain and NFTs to serve a
1495:
When deeds are taken as joint tenants with rights of survivor-ship (JTWROS) or joint tenants in common (TIC), any co-owner can file a petition for partition to dissolve the tenancy relationship. JTWROS deed holders always take the property in equal shares; therefore, if the partnership is dissolved
1576:
Because title searching relies on the grantor/grantee indexes, it's possible that a deed won't be discovered even though it was recorded. "Example: Atwood sells his land to Burns, but Burns does not record his deed. Burns later sells the land to Cooper, and Cooper records her deed. But because the
1479:
Joint ownership may also be by tenants in common (TIC). In some states, joint ownership is presumed to be as tenants in common unless the parties are married and the deed so states or the deed sets for joint tenants with right of survivor-ship. Upon death, the decedent's share passes to his or her
1531:
operates a 'property register'. Title deeds are documents showing ownership, as well as rights, obligations, or mortgages on the property. Since around 2000, compulsory registration has been required for all properties mortgaged or transferred. The details of rights, obligations, and covenants
1559:
and adopted later by the other
Australian states and other countries, ownership under Torrens title is proven by possession of a certificate of title and the corresponding entry in the property register. This system removes risks associated with unregistered deeds and fraudulent or otherwise
1572:. A wild deed does not provide constructive notice to later purchasers of the property, because subsequent bona fide purchasers cannot reasonably be expected to locate the deed while investigating the chain of title to the property. Haupt has stated that
1540:
The main difference between a deed and an agreement is that the deed is generally signed by only one person / party. Examples of a deed are deeds of hyphenation for creating charge on movable properties in favor of the banks/financial institutions etc.
1023:. A deed of trust is not used to transfer property directly. It is commonly used in some states — California, for example — to transfer title to land to a “trustee”, usually a trust or title company, which holds the title as security ("in
1475:
In most states joint tenancy with the right of survivor-ship requires all owners to have equal interests in the property, meaning upon sale or partition of the property, all owners would receive an equal distribution of the proceeds.
1471:
such as "joint tenants with right of survivor-ship" (JTWROS) or "tenants by the entirety". In each case, the title to the property immediately and automatically vests in the named survivor(s) upon the death of the other tenant(s).
728:
must be affixed to it. Originally, affixing seals made persons parties to the deed and signatures optional, but seals are now outdated in most jurisdictions, so the signatures of the grantor and witnesses are
1245:
Recitals – narrates in chronological order the previous ownership of the property being conveyed, starting with the earliest deed of title down to the contract of sale the conveyance gives effect to
1487:
is the right to use, possess and enjoy the property for a period of time measured by the natural life of a person or persons. When all life tenants are dead, the remainder-man holds full title.
1585:. There is a legend that the Prophet Muhammad's coffin was suspended without visible support from the ceiling of his tomb, just as a wild deed just hangs there, not touching the chain of title.
1248:
Testatum – a command to witness which acknowledges the payment and receipt of the consideration and signals the beginning of the operative part; usually begins with "Now this Deed witnesseth"
1039:
Deed of assignment – document in which a debtor appoints a trustee to take charge of property to pay debts, partly or wholly, as an alternative to bankruptcy; (Australian law).
1544:
An agreement by its name suggests that there should be at least two parties signing/approving the same. Examples of an agreement are agreement to sale, loan agreement etc.
773:
states that a document executed as a deed by a company is presumed to be delivered upon execution, but this presumption can be rebutted if a contrary intention is proved.
1105:, such deeds gave a ruler the right to adopt chosen heirs from local noble families in case of lack of direct issue. Among the rulers that were given sanads of adoption,
953:
was normally used for residential real estate sales and transfers, special warranty deeds are becoming more common and are more commonly used in commercial transactions.
788:
is one executed in two or more parts according to the number of parties, which were formerly separated by cutting in a curved or indented line known as the chirograph. A
1792:
971:, implies that the grantor has the right to convey title but makes no warranties against encumbrances. This type of deed is most commonly used by court officials or
1609:, can be created. These NFTs are unique, verifiable, and protected against arbitrary tampering, thanks to the immutable nature of the blockchain. By incorporating
1581:
A wild deed has been described as a deed "executed by a stranger to the record title hung out in the air like
Mahomet's coffin". Mahomet is an archaic spelling of
1512:
was once considered to be a deed and thus needed to be accepted by the recipient. This made it impossible to grant a pardon posthumously. However, in the case of
1326:
IN WITNESS WHEREOF these presents, consisting of this and the preceding pages, are subscribed by at on the day of Two thousand and in the presence of of
1036:
Deed of arrangement – document setting out an arrangement for a debtor to pay part or all outstanding debts, as an alternative to bankruptcy; (Australian law).
2109:
2002:
1921:
1880:
938:
In the transfer of real estate, a deed conveys ownership from the old owner (the grantor) to the new owner (the grantee), and can include various
2283:
1979:
1601:
has emerged with the potential to innovate and support the function of deeds in specific contexts. By design, blockchains contain an immutable
717:
It must be executed by the grantor in presence of the prescribed number of witnesses, known as instrumentary witnesses (this is known as being
648:
refers to the practice of using seals; however, attesting witnesses have replaced seals to some extent. Agreements under seal are also called
3044:
1268:
Tenendum – "to have and to hold", formerly referring to the tenure by which the estate granted was to be held, though now completely symbolic
1605:
of transactions, recording transfers of information among users. Within this system, a particular type of transferable object, known as a
1854:
2999:
2067:
1242:
Parties clause – sets out the names, addresses, and descriptions (vendor/purchaser, grantor/grantee, transferor/transferee) of parties
2362:
565:
is a legal document that is signed and delivered, especially concerning the ownership of property or legal rights. Specifically, in
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is one executed in one part, by one party, having the edge polled or cut even, and includes simple grants and appointments.
3004:
1625:
has stated that blockchain technology can be employed "to hold and secure records to land deeds" John Morton, attorney at
2127:
Kleinaki, Athina-Styliani; Mytis-Gkometh, Petros; Drosatos, George; Efraimidis, Pavlos S.; Kaldoudi, Eleni (2018-01-01).
447:
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Reddendum – reserves something to grantor out of thing granted, such as rent, under the formula "yielding and paying".
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Operative clause – vendor gives effect to the contract of sale by conveying his interest in land to the purchaser
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that hold the property by force of law rather than title, such as properties seized for unpaid taxes and sold at
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2182:"Blockchain and smart contract architecture for notaries services under civil law: a Brazilian experience"
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than an instrument signed by the party to the deed. A deed can be unilateral or bilateral. Deeds include
402:
1925:
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referred to in deeds will be transferred to the register, a contract describing the property ownership.
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700:
It must state on its face that it is a deed, using wording like "This Deed..." or "executed as a deed".
541:
322:
208:
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Ownership transfer may also be crafted within deeds to pass by demise, as where a property is held in
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1016:
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A deed that is recorded, but is not connected to the chain of title of the property, is called a
1387:
1365:
1344:
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1149:
840:
818:
669:
440:
304:
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in
British India confirming them in their ruling position in return for their allegiance to the
37:
2842:
2802:
2568:
1556:
1265:
Habendum – clause indicating the estate (freehold, etc.) or interest to be taken by the grantee
606:
381:
350:
1759:
2903:
2883:
2857:
2847:
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2675:
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1876:
1372:
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962:
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534:
422:
20:
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1747:
1633:
that NFTs "operate "in many respects exactly like a deed would in real estate transactions"
1319:
In
Witness Whereof the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals
1101:
of adoption. Devised as a reward for loyalty to
British rule in India, especially after the
3064:
2817:
2747:
2610:
2553:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2390:
1513:
275:
1830:
1455:
in the United
Kingdom. In most parts of the United States, deeds must be submitted to the
915:
8:
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2797:
2792:
2626:
2531:
2526:
1490:
1312:
In
Witness Whereof, the parties to these presents have hereunto set their hands and seals
673:
586:
365:
236:
1963:
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2344:
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2128:
1973:
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1606:
770:
703:
It must indicate that the instrument itself conveys some privilege or thing to someone.
255:
112:
97:
66:
1636:
762:
it may be handed to an agent who has instructions to deal with it in a certain manner.
2928:
2737:
2720:
2680:
2605:
2595:
2573:
2558:
2349:
2331:
2219:
2201:
2180:
Dias
Menezes, Leonardo; de AraĂşjo, Luciano Vieira; Nishijima, Marislei (2023-08-01).
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special: when it is only against the grantor, his heirs and those claiming under him
2948:
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260:
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76:
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1994:
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665:
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391:
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511:
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127:
1547:
At common law, ownership was proven via an unbroken chain of title deeds. The
1262:– clause detailing the location and description of the property being conveyed
677:
3106:
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2754:
2583:
2335:
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945:
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725:
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244:
71:
2129:"A Blockchain-Based Notarization Service for Biomedical Knowledge Retrieval"
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924:
610:
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270:
250:
227:
29:
672:
to enforce an undertaking in the deed, thereby overcoming the doctrine of
637:, and delivery is thought to symbolically replace the ancient ceremony of
3034:
2888:
2710:
2705:
2578:
2413:
2090:
1484:
1114:
1106:
1082:
602:
412:
386:
280:
218:
213:
176:
2110:"Council Post: A Blockchain-Based Digital Notary: What You Need To Know"
1003:
is (in most jurisdictions) actually not a deed at all—it is actually an
633:
if executed as deeds. The deed is the modern descendant of the medieval
2989:
2862:
2363:"Tokenized: The Law of Non-Fungible Tokens and Unique Digital Property"
2126:
1858:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 921.
1671:
1598:
1551:
system is an alternative way of proving ownership. First introduced in
1379: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1294:
1163: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1094:
832: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
693:
566:
524:
493:
473:
165:
92:
46:
1491:
Joint tenants with rights of survivor-ship vs. joint tenants in common
696:, to be valid and enforceable, a deed must meet several requirements:
1666:
972:
928:
790:
748:, a deed may be delivered or otherwise handled in one of three ways:
710:
must have the legal ability to grant the thing or privilege, and the
497:
458:
265:
1451:
Usually the transfer of ownership of real estate is registered at a
1354:
1138:
807:
2969:
2913:
2715:
2641:
2424:
2232:"Notarize documents on the Ethereum Blockchain | AWS Database Blog"
1637:
Legality around NFTs as deeds (or similar property rights vehicles)
1610:
1582:
1452:
1004:
980:
939:
649:
614:
582:
574:
483:
355:
345:
170:
132:
1872:
Glossary of Technical Terms, Phrases, and Maxims of the Common Law
1093:
Since the extinction of the royal bloodline would be a ground for
2284:"How crypto could help regular people become real estate tycoons"
711:
707:
634:
626:
618:
285:
137:
1097:
of a principality by the British, some rulers were also granted
2774:
1602:
1505:
1024:
756:
622:
2382:
2179:
1048:
2730:
1535:
776:
Conditions attached to the acceptance of a deed are known as
578:
1847:
656:; in the United States, a specialty is enforceable without
488:
340:
1304:) – attests to the due execution of a deed or instrument.
1007:
disclaiming rights of the person signing it to property.
684:, which, being also under seal, are unilateral promises.
520:
736:) and, in some jurisdictions, accepted by the grantee (
1030:
1820:, published 16 February 2011, accessed 16 August 2023
1277:
Warranty – grantor warrants the title to the grantee
585:
and that is signed, attested, delivered, and in some
1993:
Rapalje, Stewart; Lawrence, Robert L., eds. (1883).
2133:Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
1965:An historical sketch of the native states of India
2260:"The Business of Law: On the Verge of Disruption"
766:Deeds delivered unconditionally are irrevocable.
3104:
1717:"Contract under Seal Law & Legal Definition"
1280:general: when the warrant is against all persons
573:in writing which passes, affirms or confirms an
1992:
1588:
904:
593:. It is commonly associated with transferring (
1235:The main clauses of a deed of conveyance are:
3045:List of housing markets by real estate prices
2398:
2186:International Journal of Information Security
2001:. Jersey City, N.J.: F.D. Linn. p. 589.
1077:, was a deed granted to the rulers of native
752:it may be delivered as an unconditional deed,
542:
1700:
660:. In some jurisdictions, specialties have a
2314:Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics
1288:Covenants – binding limitations or promises
714:must have the legal capacity to receive it.
3085:
2405:
2391:
1978:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1916:
1914:
1536:Difference between a deed and an agreement
676:. Specialties, as a form of contract, are
549:
535:
2360:
2343:
2325:
2307:
2213:
2162:
2144:
1869:Stimpson, Frederic Jesup (1881). "Deed".
1812:
1810:
1745:
1705:. Dublin: Professional Books. p. 83.
1593:
1439:Learn how and when to remove this message
1223:Learn how and when to remove this message
892:Learn how and when to remove this message
2257:
1999:A Dictionary of American and English Law
1961:
1868:
1842:
1047:
956:
914:
680:and can therefore be distinguished from
2310:"Property as the law of virtual things"
1911:
1616:
1516:, this view was altered when President
3105:
2091:"ERC-721: Non-Fungible Token Standard"
2045:, 85 So. 2d 140, 141 (
1968:(1984 Delhi reprint ed.). London.
1818:Important lessons for settlement deeds
1807:
1782:
1652:Certificate of occupancy (land tenure)
797:
664:limitation period of double that of a
16:Type of legal instrument in Common law
2386:
2070:from the original on 8 September 2015
2015:
1924:. Law Handbook Online. Archived from
1795:from the original on 18 December 2015
1783:Rogers, Henry Wade (1 January 1881).
123:Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property
3072:
1377:adding citations to reliable sources
1348:
1161:adding citations to reliable sources
1132:
1088:
830:adding citations to reliable sources
801:
2020:. Rockwell Publishing. p. 54.
2018:Washington Real Estate Fundamentals
1031:Deeds as alternatives to bankruptcy
13:
3030:Undergraduate real estate programs
1785:"Delivery and Acceptance of Deeds"
1462:
14:
3129:
2828:Investment rating for real estate
2107:
1899:LII / Legal Information Institute
1499:
1058:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
986:
967:A third type of deed, known as a
755:it may be delivered as a deed in
3084:
3071:
3059:
3058:
2361:Fairfield, Joshua A. T. (2022).
2005:from the original on 2018-01-24.
1952:. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908.
1883:from the original on 2013-01-24.
1353:
1137:
1010:
927:signed by Native American Chief
806:
36:
2412:
2300:
2276:
2251:
2082:
2052:
2034:
2009:
1986:
1955:
1949:The Imperial Gazetteer of India
1940:
1727:from the original on 3 May 2015
1627:Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman
1364:needs additional citations for
1148:needs additional citations for
1019:is used as an alternative to a
817:needs additional citations for
687:
2985:Graduate real estate education
2430:Tertiary sector of the economy
2264:New York State Bar Association
2095:Ethereum Improvement Proposals
1887:
1862:
1836:
1831:Companies Act 2006, section 46
1823:
1776:
1739:
1709:
1694:
1623:New York State Bar Association
1056:issued by the governor of the
1:
1687:
1563:
1523:
430:Lateral and subjacent support
2939:Real estate investment trust
2544:Extraterrestrial real estate
1946:Great Britain India Office.
1589:Non-fungible tokens as deeds
1338:
1128:
905:General and special warranty
646:signed, sealed and delivered
397:Practicing without a license
7:
2944:Real property administrator
2934:Real estate investment club
1645:
1113:, as well as the rulers of
10:
3134:
2601:Private equity real estate
2308:Fairfield, Joshua (2022).
2198:10.1007/s10207-023-00673-3
2146:10.1016/j.csbj.2018.08.002
2016:Haupt, Kathryn J. (2007).
1750:Contracting With Companies
1746:Griffiths, Andrew (2005).
1701:O'Connor, E. Rory (1987).
1342:
1111:Jaswant Singh of Bharatpur
1063:
990:
960:
908:
769:Section 46(2) of the UK's
323:Doctrine of worthier title
18:
3053:
2957:
2876:
2783:
2655:
2619:
2549:International real estate
2519:
2438:
2420:
1833:, accessed 16 August 2023
1015:In some jurisdictions, a
732:It must be delivered to (
724:In some jurisdictions, a
601:. The deed has a greater
454:Conflict of property laws
310:Rule against perpetuities
2327:10.3389/frma.2022.981964
2047:Supreme Court of Florida
1962:Malleson, G. B. (1875).
1607:non-fungible token (NFT)
1504:In the United States, a
1103:Indian rebellion of 1857
1043:
746:law of England and Wales
605:of validity and is less
2743:Real estate transaction
2632:Real estate development
2258:Jennifer (2022-10-24).
1855:Encyclopædia Britannica
1345:Recording (real estate)
1300:Testimonium (Scotland:
1297:) – execution and date
923:creating the Colony of
670:third party beneficiary
644:The traditional phrase
305:Restraint on alienation
2843:Real estate derivative
2803:Effective gross income
2569:Healthcare real estate
1594:Background of use-case
1579:
1520:pardoned him in 1999.
1125:are worth mentioning.
1061:
1060:during the British Raj
935:
332:Nonpossessory interest
3000:Industry trade groups
2904:Exclusive buyer agent
2858:Real estate valuation
2848:Real estate economics
2808:Gross rent multiplier
2637:Real estate investing
2539:Corporate Real Estate
1877:Little, Brown and Co.
1599:Blockchain technology
1574:
1310:England & Wales:
1051:
969:bargain and sale deed
963:Bargain and sale deed
957:Bargain and sale deed
951:general warranty deed
918:
281:Action to quiet title
21:Deed (disambiguation)
2818:Highest and best use
2784:Economics, financing
2748:Real estate contract
2642:Real estate flipping
2611:Residential property
2554:Lease administration
2506:United Arab Emirates
1928:on 18 September 2009
1617:Use-case in practice
1514:Henry Ossian Flipper
1373:improve this article
1157:improve this article
826:improve this article
629:, and conditionally
276:Equitable conversion
19:For other uses, see
2798:Capitalization rate
2793:Asset-based lending
2627:Property management
2532:Commercial building
2527:Commercial property
2367:Indiana Law Journal
2042:Poladian v. Johnson
798:Deeds of conveyance
418:prior appropriation
366:Equitable servitude
3025:Real estate trends
2929:Real estate broker
2899:Chartered Surveyor
2853:Real estate bubble
2833:Mortgage insurance
2666:Adverse possession
2589:Luxury real estate
2564:Garden real estate
1662:Deed of settlement
1062:
936:
919:The original 1636
771:Companies Act 2006
631:powers of attorney
448:Quicquid plantatur
256:Deeds registration
98:Adverse possession
67:Community property
3118:Real property law
3100:
3099:
2738:Property abstract
2721:Land registration
2681:Concurrent estate
2606:Real estate owned
2596:Off-plan property
2574:Vacation property
2559:Niche real estate
2027:978-1-887051-41-5
1469:concurrent estate
1457:recorder of deeds
1449:
1448:
1441:
1423:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1207:
1089:Sanad of adoption
1066:Doctrine of lapse
902:
901:
894:
876:
599:title to property
559:
558:
199:Concurrent estate
182:Defeasible estate
62:Personal property
3125:
3088:
3087:
3075:
3074:
3062:
3061:
3005:Investment firms
2924:Property manager
2823:Home equity loan
2726:Leasehold estate
2686:Conditional sale
2407:
2400:
2393:
2384:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2357:
2347:
2329:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2227:
2217:
2176:
2166:
2148:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1977:
1969:
1959:
1953:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1840:
1834:
1829:UK Legislation,
1827:
1821:
1814:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1753:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1703:The Irish Notary
1698:
1631:Fortune Magazine
1444:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1422:
1381:
1357:
1349:
1228:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1165:
1141:
1133:
1073:, also spelt as
897:
890:
886:
883:
877:
875:
834:
810:
802:
668:and allow for a
639:livery of seisin
571:legal instrument
569:, a deed is any
551:
544:
537:
518:Higher category:
464:Security deposit
261:Estoppel by deed
204:Leasehold estate
77:Unowned property
40:
26:
25:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3113:Legal documents
3103:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3049:
2953:
2872:
2813:Hard money loan
2785:
2779:
2760:Rent regulation
2651:
2615:
2515:
2434:
2416:
2411:
2381:
2380:
2305:
2301:
2292:
2290:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2268:
2266:
2256:
2252:
2241:
2239:
2230:
2118:
2116:
2099:
2097:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2071:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2028:
2014:
2010:
1991:
1987:
1971:
1970:
1960:
1956:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1903:
1901:
1895:"deed of trust"
1893:
1892:
1888:
1867:
1863:
1841:
1837:
1828:
1824:
1815:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1789:Yale University
1781:
1777:
1770:
1756:Hart Publishing
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1648:
1639:
1619:
1596:
1591:
1566:
1555:in 1858 by Sir
1553:South Australia
1538:
1526:
1502:
1493:
1465:
1463:Joint ownership
1445:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1382:
1380:
1370:
1358:
1347:
1341:
1293:Conclusion (or
1253:Operative part
1229:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1166:
1164:
1154:
1142:
1131:
1091:
1079:princely states
1068:
1046:
1033:
1013:
995:
989:
965:
959:
913:
907:
898:
887:
881:
878:
835:
833:
823:
811:
800:
690:
666:simple contract
555:
516:
403:Property rights
401:
249:
187:Future interest
175:
152:Estates in land
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3131:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3091:List of topics
3081:
3068:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3040:Urban planning
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3020:Property cycle
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2980:Gentrification
2977:
2972:
2967:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2919:Moving company
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2740:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2701:Eminent domain
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2671:Chain of title
2668:
2662:
2660:
2659:and regulation
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2511:United Kingdom
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2299:
2275:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2236:aws.amazon.com
2228:
2192:(4): 869–880.
2177:
2124:
2108:Pinto, Rohan.
2081:
2064:Infoplease.com
2051:
2033:
2026:
2008:
1985:
1954:
1939:
1910:
1886:
1861:
1846:, ed. (1911).
1844:Chisholm, Hugh
1835:
1822:
1806:
1775:
1768:
1738:
1708:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1677:Quitclaim deed
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1657:Covenant (law)
1654:
1647:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1618:
1615:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1565:
1562:
1557:Robert Torrens
1537:
1534:
1525:
1522:
1501:
1500:Pardon as deed
1498:
1492:
1489:
1464:
1461:
1447:
1446:
1361:
1359:
1352:
1343:Main article:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1302:testing clause
1291:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:Parcels clause
1257:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1231:
1230:
1145:
1143:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1090:
1087:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1029:
1012:
1009:
1000:quitclaim deed
993:Quitclaim deed
991:Main article:
988:
987:Quitclaim deed
985:
977:sheriff's sale
961:Main article:
958:
955:
933:Roger Williams
909:Main article:
906:
903:
900:
899:
814:
812:
805:
799:
796:
764:
763:
760:
753:
742:
741:
730:
722:
719:in solemn form
715:
704:
701:
689:
686:
557:
556:
554:
553:
546:
539:
531:
528:
527:
515:
514:
509:
504:
491:
486:
478:
477:
469:
468:
467:
466:
461:
456:
451:
444:
437:
432:
427:
426:
425:
420:
410:
408:Mineral rights
405:
399:
394:
389:
384:
376:
375:
374:Related topics
371:
370:
369:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
335:
334:
328:
327:
326:
325:
320:
317:Shelley's Case
312:
307:
299:
298:
291:
290:
289:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
266:Quitclaim deed
263:
258:
253:
247:
242:
231:
230:
224:
223:
222:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
195:
194:
184:
179:
173:
168:
163:
161:Allodial title
155:
154:
148:
147:
146:
145:
140:
135:
130:
128:Treasure trove
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
87:
86:
82:
81:
80:
79:
74:
69:
64:
56:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3130:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3093:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2838:Mortgage loan
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:and valuation
2782:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:Torrens title
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2755:Real property
2753:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2584:Golf property
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2401:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2303:
2289:
2285:
2279:
2265:
2261:
2254:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2096:
2092:
2085:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2029:
2023:
2019:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1981:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1958:
1951:
1950:
1943:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1882:
1879:p. 108.
1878:
1874:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1832:
1826:
1819:
1816:Stirrup, C.,
1813:
1811:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1771:
1769:9781841131542
1765:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1742:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1704:
1697:
1693:
1683:
1682:Warranty deed
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1643:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1549:Torrens title
1545:
1542:
1533:
1530:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1497:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1443:
1440:
1432:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390: –
1389:
1385:
1384:Find sources:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1362:This section
1360:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1216:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174: –
1173:
1169:
1168:Find sources:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1146:This section
1144:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1126:
1124:
1123:Chaube Jagirs
1120:
1119:Samthar State
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:deed of trust
1011:Deed of trust
1008:
1006:
1002:
1001:
994:
984:
982:
978:
974:
970:
964:
954:
952:
948:
947:
946:warranty deed
941:
934:
930:
926:
922:
917:
912:
911:Warranty deed
896:
893:
885:
874:
871:
867:
864:
860:
857:
853:
850:
846:
843: –
842:
838:
837:Find sources:
831:
827:
821:
820:
815:This section
813:
809:
804:
803:
795:
793:
792:
787:
783:
782:deed indented
779:
774:
772:
767:
761:
758:
754:
751:
750:
749:
747:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:
716:
713:
709:
705:
702:
699:
698:
697:
695:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
658:consideration
655:
651:
647:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:jurisdictions
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
552:
547:
545:
540:
538:
533:
532:
530:
529:
526:
522:
519:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
499:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
480:
479:
475:
471:
470:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
449:
445:
443:
442:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
379:
378:
377:
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1922:"Glossary"
1904:2024-02-15
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1688:References
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1564:Wild deeds
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1274:Conditions
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