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324:, German submarine commanders favored the deck gun for similar reasons as their World War I counterparts; the limited number of torpedoes that could be carried, the unreliability of torpedoes, and because their boats could only travel submerged at slow speed for short distances. The deck gun became less effective as convoys became larger and better equipped, and merchant ships were armed. Surfacing also became dangerous in the vicinity of a convoy because of improvements in radar and direction finding. (See
246:. Submarine captains often considered the deck gun as their main weapon, using much more expensive but not always accurate torpedoes only when necessary or advisable (as a deck gun necessarily revealed a submarine's position, whereas a torpedo could be used either under water or effectively at night). In addition, submarines carried many more gun rounds than torpedoes - ten or fewer during World War I, fired in spreads of multiple warheads to increase the likelihood of a successful hit.
171:
394:. The 88 mm had ammunition that weighed about 30 lb (14 kg) and was of the projectile and cartridge type. It had the same controls on both sides of the gun so that the two crewmen that were in charge of firing it could control the gun from either side. The 105 mm evolved from the 88 mm in the sense that it was more accurate and had more power due to the 51 lb (23 kg) ammunition it fired.
62:
915:. The film depicts the finishing off of ships whose crews have been allowed to abandon them, in accordance with rules that Germany followed early in the war. The dynamiting team, deck gun, and one torpedo attack are shown. In six parts, silent with German caption slides and English subtitles.)
202:
The main deck gun was a dual-purpose weapon used to sink merchant shipping or shell shore targets, or defend the submarine on the surface from enemy aircraft and warships. Typically a crew of three operated the gun, while others were tasked with supplying ammunition. A small
44:
76:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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role. This design was found unworkable in trials because the submarine was required to surface to reload the gun, and problems arose when variable amounts of water entered the barrel prior to firing.
425:
gun, which was often used to re-equip 3-inch-gunned submarines as the S-boats were transferred to training duties beginning in mid-1942. By 1944 most front-line submarines had been refitted with a
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modified their anti-submarine tactics which made it too dangerous for a submarine to stay on the surface to fight, the U-Flaks were converted back to standard U-boat armament configuration.
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gun which was removed from battleships to mount on submarines), the term "deck gun" normally refers only to such weapons when mounted on submarines.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
348:(at the trade-off of reduced torpedo loadouts), being known as "U-Flak" boats to be deployed as service escorts for regular U-boats. After the
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held a few 'ready-use' rounds. With a well-drilled, experienced crew, the rate of fire of a deck gun could be 15 to 18 aimed shots per minute.
340:) during World War II, and those deck guns that remained were no longer manned. For a few months in 1943, some U-boats operating in the
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While similar unenclosed guns are often found on surface warships as secondary or defensive armament (such as the US Navy's
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401:, deck guns were used through the end of World War II, with a few still equipped in the early 1950s. Many targets in the
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195:. Most submarine deck guns were open, with or without a shield; however, a few larger submarines placed these guns in a
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Russian Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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deck gun, adopted in the 1930s to discourage commanders from engaging heavily armed escorts. However, the aging
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Mark 18 (152 mm) as built in the 1920s, the largest deck gun to be fitted on any United States submarine.
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Some submarines also had additional deck guns like auto-cannons and machine guns for anti-aircraft defense.
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543:. Navies of the Second World War. Vol. 1. Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company. p. 157.
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through mid-1943 also promoted the use of the deck gun. Most US submarines started the war with a single
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332:). German U-boat deck guns were eventually removed on the order of the supreme commander of the
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899:] (16mm film) (in German). Germany: Bild- und Film Amt (BUFA). February 1917 – via
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Retaliation: Japanese
Attacks and Allied Countermeasures on the Pacific Coast in World War II
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The last submarines in service in any navy to mount a deck gun were two of the four
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580:"How a Nazi Submarine Somehow Sneaked into a Royal Navy Base and Sunk a Battleship"
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USS Cod fires machine guns, deck gun, and torpedoes, to scuttle Dutch submarine,
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or other small vessels that were not worth a torpedo. The unreliability of the
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of 1930 restricted submarine guns to a maximum of 155 mm (6.1 inches).
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The Royal Navy tried an innovative approach in World War I with its three
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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928:(16mm film). U.S. Navy. 8 July 1945 – via Criticalpast.com.
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was the last
British submarine to be fitted with a deck gun (a
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611:. Oregon State University Press. pp. 14–16 & 40–62.
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The deck gun was introduced in all submarine forces prior to
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For a type of large water nozzle used for firefighting, see
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U.S. Submarines
Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History
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Bofors 102 mm/4-inch naval gun from the
Romanian submarine
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Surface and
Destroy — The Submarine Gun War in the Pacific
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U.S. Submarines Since 1945: An
Illustrated Design History
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with the muzzle of the gun above water, principally in a
776:. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute.
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gun, and some were equipped with two 5-inch guns. The
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909:, the highest scoring submarine ace of all time, in
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a machine-translated version of the
Russian article.
378:Two notable deck guns from German U-boats used in
16:Naval artillery mounted on the deck of a submarine
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264:intended to be fired while the submarine was at
795:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company.
705:. Periscope Publishing Ltd. pp. 426–427.
94:accompanying your translation by providing an
56:Click for important translation instructions.
43:expand this article with text translated from
702:Encyclopedia of British Submarines 1901-1955
242:or attack enemy vessels straggling behind a
106:{{Translated|ru|Артиллерия подводных лодок}}
925:, after rescuing her crew in World War II
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558:. Naval Institute Press. p. 290.
262:12 inch (305 mm)/40 caliber naval gun
25:
326:Defensively equipped merchant ships
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863:"5"/25-Caliber Submarine Deck Gun"
823:"Tactics: U-Boat Deck Gun Attacks"
392:10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK C/32
361:14 cm/40 11th Year Type naval guns
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384:8.8 cm (3.5 in) SK C/35
907:Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière
847:. University Press of Kentucky.
841:Sturma, Michael (2 March 2011).
699:Akermann, Paul (November 2002).
251:Lothar von Arnauld de la Perière
249:An example of this approach was
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346:enhanced anti-aircraft guns
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423:4-inch (102 mm)/50 caliber
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215:5-inch (127 mm)/25 caliber
68:Machine translation, like
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772:Friedman, Norman (1995).
539:le Masson, Henri (1969).
415:3-inch (76 mm)/50 caliber
386:(not to be confused with
292:203mm/50 Modèle 1924 guns
260:, which mounted a single
191:mounted on the deck of a
45:the corresponding article
674:Campbell, John (1985).
554:Campbell, John (1985).
138:Mk XXII 4-inch deck gun
115:For more guidance, see
791:Miller, David (2002).
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607:Webber, Bert (1975).
585:The National Interest
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375:during World War II.
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280:The French submarine
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117:Knowledge:Translation
88:copyright attribution
901:Imperial War Museums
897:The Enchanted Circle
873:on 22 November 2010.
811:"Weapons: Deck Guns"
892:Der Magische Gürtel
751:Annapolis, Maryland
728:, pp. 312–313.
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344:were equipped with
315:London Naval Treaty
238:needed to conserve
520:List of naval guns
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453:6"/53 caliber guns
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258:M-class submarines
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96:interlanguage link
854:978-0-81312-996-9
712:978-1-904381-05-1
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390:) and the
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334:U-boat Arm
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505:in 1999.
470:HMS
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