Debian - Knowledge

52: 11943: 4060: 43: 1156:. Even though this repository is maintained by Christian Marillat, a Debian developer, it is not part of the project and is not hosted on a Debian server. The repository provides packages already included in Debian, interfering with the official maintenance. Eventually, project leader Stefano Zacchiroli asked Marillat to either settle an agreement about the packaging or to stop using the "Debian" name. Marillat chose the latter and renamed the repository to deb-multimedia.org. The repository was so popular that the switchover was announced by the official blog of the Debian project. 3914: 1808:, and a set of Debian 2.1 install CDs for the architecture of their choice. Initially, the swirl was magic smoke arising from an also included bottle of an Arabian-style genie presented in black profile, but shortly after was reduced to the red smoke swirl for situations where space or multiple colours were not an option, and before long the bottle version effectively was superseded. There has been no official statement from the Debian project on the logo's meaning, but at the time of the logo's selection, it was suggested that the logo represented the 11606: 352: 1292: 1953: 940: 921: 1032: 11979: 1373: 929: 11727: 948: 13348: 11955: 1770: 1528: 13316: 745: 1304: 13338: 796: 709: 3972: 11967: 3906: 13327: 11929: 4046: 3681:. They allow software developers to use sandbox environments, while at the same time remaining in control of security. Another benefit of a cross-distribution package manager is that they allow application developers to directly provide updates to users without going through distributions, and without having to package and test the application separately for each distribution. 3939:. Debian GNU/Hurd has been in development since 1998, and made a formal release in May 2013, with 78% of the software packaged for Debian GNU/Linux ported to the GNU Hurd. Hurd is not yet an official Debian release, and is maintained and developed as an unofficial port. Debian GNU/Hurd is distributed as an installer CD (running the official Debian installer) or ready-to-run 3791:, since only 32,767 different keys were generated. The security weakness was caused by changes made in 2006 by another Debian developer in response to memory debugger warnings. The complete resolution procedure was cumbersome because patching the security hole was not enough; it involved regenerating all affected keys and certificates. 689:, release manager Steve Langasek announced a plan to reduce the number of supported ports to four in order to shorten future release cycles. There was a large reaction because the proposal looked more like a decision and because such a drop would damage Debian's aim to be "the universal operating system". 3697:

Debian also launched its Long Term Support (LTS) project since Debian 6 (Debian Squeeze). For each Debian release, it will receive two years of extra security updates provided by LTS Team after its End Of Life (EOL). However, no point releases will be made. Now each Debian release can receive 5 years

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dictionary, are usually coordinated with other free software vendors and are published the same day a vulnerability is made public. There used to be a security audit project that focused on packages in the stable release looking for security bugs; Steve Kemp, who started the project, retired in 2011

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have criticized the Debian project for hosting the non-free repository and because the contrib and non-free areas are easily accessible, an opinion echoed by some in Debian including the former project leader Wichert Akkerman. The internal dissent in the Debian project regarding the non-free section

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images allow users to boot from removable media and run Debian without affecting the contents of their computer. A full install of Debian to the computer's hard drive can be initiated from the live image environment. Personalized images can be built with the live-build tool for discs, USB drives and

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sponsored the project from November 1994 to November 1995. However, it is no longer endorsed by GNU and the FSF due to the distribution's long-term practice of hosting non-free software repositories and, since 2022, its inclusion of non-free firmware in its installation media by default. On June 16,

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The most popular optional Linux cross-distribution package manager are graphical (front-ends) package managers. They are available within the official Debian Repository but are not installed by default. They are widely popular with both Debian users and Debian software developers who are interested

1176:. Physical discs can also be bought from retailers. The full sets are made up of several discs (the amd64 port consists of 13 DVDs or 84 CDs), but only the first disc is required for installation, as the installer can retrieve software not contained in the first disc image from online repositories. 767:

as Icedove. The Mozilla Corporation stated that software with unapproved modifications could not be distributed under the Firefox trademark. Two reasons that Debian modified the Firefox software were to change non-free artwork and to provide security patches. In February 2016, it was announced that

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releases, and ensures that the package coheres with the rest of the distribution and meets the standards of quality of Debian. Packages may include modifications introduced by Debian to achieve compliance with Debian Policy, even to fix non-Debian specific bugs, although coordination with upstream

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requires about 20 MB of RAM, but relies on network hardware. Similarly, disk space requirements, which depend on the packages to be installed, can be reduced by manually selecting the packages needed. As of May 2019, no Pure Blend exists that would lower the hardware requirements easily.

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as reasons for being interested in the FreeBSD kernel. It has not been updated since Debian 8. From July 2019, the operating system continues to be maintained unofficially.As of July 2023, the development of Debian GNU/kFreeBSD has officially terminated due to the lack of interest and developers.

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The Debian Project has an influx of applicants wishing to become developers. These applicants must undergo a vetting process which establishes their identity, motivation, understanding of the project's principles, and technical competence. This process has become much harder throughout the years.

3356:, a team of developers that assisted the leader, but there were concerns that such leadership would split Debian into two developer classes. Anthony Towns created a supplemental position, Second In Charge (2IC), that shared some powers of the leader. Steve McIntyre was 2IC and had a 2IC himself. 2853:

A Project Leader is elected once per year by the developers. The leader has special powers, but they are not absolute, and appoints delegates to perform specialized tasks. Delegates make decisions as they think is best, taking into account technical criteria and consensus. By way of a General

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In July 2009, the policy of time-based development freezes on a two-year cycle was announced. Time-based freezes are intended to blend the predictability of time based releases with Debian's policy of feature based releases, and to reduce overall freeze time. The Squeeze cycle was going to be

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is for researchers and scientists. The complete Debian distribution includes all available Debian Pure Blends. "Debian Blend" (without "Pure") is a term for a Debian-based distribution that strives to become part of mainstream Debian, and have its extra features included in future releases.

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From Debian 5.0, the numbering scheme of point releases was changed, conforming to the GNU version numbering standard; the first point release of Debian 5.0 was 5.0.1 instead of 5.0r1. The numbering scheme was once again changed for the first Debian 7 update, which was version 7.1. The

1753:) after the main version number and then the number of the point release; for example, the latest point release of version 4.0 is 4.0r9. This scheme was chosen because a new dotted version would make the old one look obsolete and vendors would have trouble selling their CDs. 10912: 3693:

branch of Debian gets released approximately every 2 years. It will receive official support for about 3 years with update for major security or usability fixes. Point releases will be available every several months as determined by Stable Release Managers (SRM).

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Several parts of Debian are translated into languages other than American English, including package descriptions, configuration messages, documentation and the website. The level of software localization depends on the language, ranging from the highly supported

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plug computer and OpenRD products. There are efforts to run Debian on mobile devices, but this is not a project goal yet since the Debian Linux kernel maintainers would not apply the needed patches. Nevertheless, there are packages for resource-limited systems.

4009:, which refers to the FreeBSD kernel. Before discontinuing the project, Debian maintained i386 and amd64 ports. The last version of Debian kFreeBSD was Debian 8 (Jessie) RC3. Debian GNU/kFreeBSD was created in 2002. It was included in Debian 6.0 (Squeeze) as a 1102:

The default desktop environment of version 7 Wheezy was temporarily switched to Xfce, because GNOME 3 did not fit on the first CD of the set. The default for the version 8 Jessie was changed again to Xfce in November 2013, and back to GNOME in September 2014.

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Debian developers may resign their positions at any time or, when deemed necessary, they can be expelled. Those who follow the retiring protocol are granted the "emeritus" status and they may regain their membership through a shortened new member process.

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GDebi is an APT tool which can be used in command-line and on the GUI. GDebi can install a local .deb file via the command line like the dpkg command, but with access to repositories to resolve dependencies. Other graphical front-ends for APT include

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support, improved hardware detection, made installations easier for novice users, and was translated into almost forty languages. An installation manual and release notes were in ten and fifteen languages respectively. The efforts of Skolelinux,

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manager. The release team sets goals for the next release, supervises the processes and decides when to release. The team is led by the next release managers and stable release managers. Release assistants were introduced in 2003.

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provides the low-level infrastructure for package management. The dpkg database contains the list of installed software on the current system. The dpkg command tool does not know about repositories. The command can work with local

696:, named "4.10 Warty Warthog", was released on October 20, 2004. Because it was distributed as a free download, it became one of the most popular and successful operating systems with more than "40 million users" according to 1446:, and legally questionable packages. Contrib includes packages which do comply with the DFSG but fail other requirements. For example, they may depend on packages which are in non-free or requires such for building them. 2431:. As a result, a new major release tends to occur every two years with revision releases that fix security issues and important problems. The Debian project is a volunteer organization with three foundational documents: 1640:

software. Debian does not provide full Sid installation discs, but rather a minimal ISO that can be used to install over a network connection. Additionally, this branch can be installed through a system upgrade from

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threatened by possible patent infringements, lacking source code, or under too restrictive licenses. Even though packages with problems related to their distribution could go into the non-free area, software such as

1636:. Packages are accepted without checking the distribution as a whole. This branch is usually run by software developers who participate in a project and need the latest libraries available, and by those who prefer 10234: 771:

A fund-raising experiment, Dunc-Tank, was created to solve the release cycle problem and release managers were paid to work full-time; in response, unpaid developers slowed down their work and the release was

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Debian used to be released as a very large set of CDs for each architecture, but with the release of Debian 9 (Stretch) in 2017, many of the images have been dropped from the archive but remain buildable via

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Debian 6.0 (Squeeze) was released in February 2011, featuring Debian GNU/kFreeBSD as a technology preview, along with adding a dependency-based boot system, and moving problematic firmware to the non-free

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For the CD images, it is useful to know that Debian supports a number of different desktops, including GNOME, KDE, Xfce, MATE and LXDE, and there is a different 'disk 1' image for each of these desktops.

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Resolution, the developers may recall the leader, reverse a decision made by the leader or a delegate, amend foundational documents and make other binding decisions. The voting method is based on the

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command itself is intended as an end user interface and enables some options better suited for interactive usage by default compared to more specialized APT like apt-get and apt-cache explained below.

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Periodically, the release team publishes guidelines to the developers in order to ready the release. A new release occurs after a freeze, when all important software is reasonably up-to-date in the

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You should identify each release with a pair of version numbers, a major version and a minor. We have no objection to using more than two numbers, but it is very unlikely that you really need them.

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also suggested that this swirl is the Debian one. Buzz Lightyear's swirl is a more likely candidate as the codenames for Debian are names of Toy Story characters. The former Debian project leader

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in installing the most recent versions of application or using the cross-distribution package manager built-in sandbox environment. While at the same time remaining in control of the security.

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Some events disturbed the project while working on Sarge, as Debian servers were attacked by fire and hackers. One of the most memorable was the Vancouver prospectus. After a meeting held in

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is recommended, as desktop environments are more resource intensive. Requirements for individual software vary widely and must be considered, with those of the base operating environment.

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describes the organizational structure for formal decision-making within the project, and enumerates the powers and responsibilities of the Project Leader, the Secretary and other roles.

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and edited suggestions from a month-long discussion into the Debian Social Contract and the Debian Free Software Guidelines. After the FSF withdrew their sponsorship in the midst of the

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The Debian "swirl" logo was designed by Raul Silva in 1999 as part of a contest to replace the semi-official logo that had been used. The winner of the contest received an @Debian.org

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for one year. Ian Murdock delegated the base system, the core packages of Debian, to Bruce Perens and Murdock focused on the management of the growing project. The first ports to non-

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Debian 0.01, released on September 15, 1993, was the first of several internal releases. Version 0.90 was the first public release, providing support through mailing lists hosted at

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lists 121 active Debian derivatives. The Debian project provides its derivatives with guidelines for best practices and encourages derivatives to merge their work back into Debian.

6844: 963:. Debian officially contains only free software, but non-free software can be downloaded and installed from the Debian repositories. Debian includes popular free programs such as 7113: 10486: 8399: 6585: 1692:

is a temporary staging area of highly experimental software that is likely to break the system. It is not a full distribution and missing dependencies are commonly found in

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The real minimum memory requirements depend on the architecture and may be much less than the numbers listed in this table. It is possible to install Debian with 170

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CD, whereby Debian is installed with just a base and later added software can be downloaded from the Internet. Another option is to boot the installer from the network.

864:) was released on June 10, 2023, including various improvements and features, increasing the supported Linux Kernel to version 6.1, and leveraging new "Emerald" artwork. 9231: 6470: 667:

distribution, made up of packages considered stable, to reduce the freeze for the next release. In the same year, developers began holding an annual conference called

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support is available and enabled by default since Buster. Debian provides an optional hardening wrapper, and does not harden all of its software by default using

11611: 4233: 4013:, and in Debian 7 (Wheezy) as an official port. Debian GNU/kFreeBSD was discontinued as an officially supported platform as of Debian 8. Debian developers cited 2886: 644:

was deployed with Debian 2.1. The number of applicants was overwhelming and the project established the new member process. The first Debian derivatives, namely

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are subsets of a Debian release configured out-of-the-box for users with particular skills and interests. For example, Debian Jr. is made for children, while

9799: 9023: 7461: 5715: 5325: 4621: 854:) was released in August 2021, enabling persistency in the system journal, adding support for driverless scanning, and containing kernel-level support for 621:, and wrote a new installer. By the time Debian 1.2 was released, the project had grown to nearly two hundred volunteers. Perens left the project in 1998. 10121: 7924: 6980: 6697: 6408: 2450:

define the criteria for "free software" and thus what software is permissible in the distribution. These guidelines have been adopted as the basis of the

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toolsets. Debian's recommended system requirements depend on the level of installation, which corresponds to increased numbers of installed components:

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Mozilla and Debian had reached an agreement and Iceweasel would revert to the name Firefox; similar agreement was anticipated for Icedove/Thunderbird.

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and Debian-Accessibility raised the number of packages that were educational, had a medical affiliation, and ones made for people with disabilities.

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release was made in June 2005. This release updated 73% of the software and included over 9,000 new packages. A new installer with a modular design,

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The maintainer releases a new version by uploading the package to the "incoming" system, which verifies the integrity of the packages and their

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branch. Although freeze dates are time-based, release dates are not, which are announced by the release managers a couple of weeks beforehand.

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In July 2002, the project released version 3.0, code-named Woody, the first release to include cryptographic software, a free licensed KDE and

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Debian is one of the most popular Linux distributions, and many other distributions have been created from the Debian codebase. As of 2021,

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Throughout Debian's lifetime, both the Debian distribution and its website have won various awards from different organizations, including

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assumed the project leadership. Perens was a controversial leader, regarded as authoritarian and strongly attached to Debian. He drafted a

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Thus, a release-critical bug in a new version of a shared library on which many packages depend may prevent those packages from entering

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is the preview branch that will eventually become the next major release. The packages included in this branch have had some testing in

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The cost of developing all of the packages included in Debian 5.0 Lenny (323 million lines of code) has been estimated to be about

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version 2, though the package name is simply grub, while version 1 was renamed to grub-legacy. This conflicts with distros (e.g.,

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and conferences for communication and coordination between developers. For issues with single packages and other tasks, a public

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However, Murdock was critical of the differences between Ubuntu packages and Debian, stating that it leads to incompatibilities.

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single-board computer (made by Texas Instruments) has switched to Debian Linux preloaded on its Beaglebone Black board's flash.

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package. apt-get installs and removes packages, and apt-cache is used for searching packages and displaying package information.

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A notable third party repository exists, formerly named Debian-multimedia.org, providing software not present in Debian such as

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for a few months where bugs are fixed and packages with too many bugs are removed; then the resulting system is released as

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that may be either one person or a team of Debian developers and non-developer maintainers. The maintainer keeps track of

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areas. These last two areas are not distributed within the official installation media, but they can be adopted manually.

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is released, and since the release of Debian 6, for another two years through the Long Term Support project. Eventually,

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of the first name of his then-girlfriend (later ex-wife) Debra Lynn and his own first name. Before Debian's release, the

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archive provides older versions of the branches. They may be used to install a specific older version of some software.

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is supported for one year. Although Squeeze is not officially supported, Debian is coordinating an effort to provide

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lacking source code, although such firmware is available in non-free packages and alternative installation media.

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is moved to a repository for archived releases. Debian 10 is the current Oldoldstable release (since 2023-06-10).

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at the same time. Each branch can be seen as a collection of pointers into the package "pool" mentioned above.

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Non-free includes packages that do not comply with the DFSG, such as documentation with invariant sections and

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In general, Debian has been developed openly and distributed freely according to some of the principles of the

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is moved to a repository for archived releases. Debian 11 is the current Oldstable release (since 2023-06-10).

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scheme is no longer in use, but point release announcements include a note about not throwing away old CDs.

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Debian is supported by donations made to organizations authorized by the leader. The largest supporter is

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Several flavors of the Linux kernel exist for each port. For example, the i386 port has flavors for IA-32

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The Debian project released the 0.9x versions in 1994 and 1995. During this time it was sponsored by the

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and, as of September 2023, the second oldest Linux distribution still in active development, only behind

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Debian offers different network installation methods. A minimal install of Debian is available via the

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One way to resolve the challenge of a release-critical bug in a new application version is the use of

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operations can be performed with different tools available on Debian, from the lowest level command

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service became official, providing more recent versions of some software for the stable release.

11637: 11289: 9699: 9668: 7432: 7199: 5149: 5118: 4176: 2454:. Although this document can be considered separate, it formally is part of the Social Contract. 541:, who initially called the system "the Debian Linux Release". The word "Debian" was formed as a 13580: 12913: 12725: 12499: 11716: 11706: 11229: 11080: 7084: 4088: 3658:. It is possible for a package to keep the same version between stable releases and be part of 2437: 2205:

Roqos Core, manufactured by Roqos, is a x86-64 based IPS firewall router running Debian Linux.

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of RAM for x86-64; the installer will run in low memory mode and it is recommended to create a

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instead of seeking renewed involvement with the FSF. He led the conversion of the project from

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software code is owned and maintained by the not for profit Flatpak Team, with an open source

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software code is owned and maintained by its original author Max Howell, with an open source

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has persisted, but the last time it came to a vote in 2004, the majority decided to keep it.

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architectures began in 1995, and Debian 1.1 was released in 1996. By that time and thanks to

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What makes Debian unacceptable is that its inclusion of non-free software is not a mistake.

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Project leadership is distributed occasionally. Branden Robinson was helped by the Project

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In late 2000, the project reorganized the archive with new package "pools" and created the

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defines a set of basic principles by which the project and its developers conduct affairs.

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and first released in 2004, which has surpassed Debian in popularity with desktop users;

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branch. For a package to become a candidate for the next release, it must migrate to the

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The official logo (also known as open use logo) that contains the well-known Debian swirl

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Debian developers join the project for many reasons. Some that have been cited include:

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and derivatives have been built upon Debian over the years. Among the more notable are

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The numbering scheme for the point releases up to Debian 4.0 was to include the letter

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especially short; however, this initial schedule was abandoned. In September 2010, the

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Ian Jackson became the leader in 1998. Debian 2.0 introduced the second official port,

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branch and any other significant issues are solved. At that time, all packages in the

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armhf: ARM hard-float architecture (ARMv7 instruction set) requiring hardware with a

1280: 1121: 1008: 254: 231: 219: 174: 10671: 5801:"'Iceweasel' will be renamed 'Firefox' as relations between Debian and Mozilla thaw" 4351: 1823:, the chosen character for the first named Debian release, has a swirl in his chin. 1813: 1470:

Four most popular cross-distribution package managers, sorted in alphabetical order:

1420: 1291: 900:

announced that they would offer Debian GNU/Linux as an endorsed distribution on the

13554: 13407: 13106: 13091: 13081: 12991: 12956: 12393: 12160: 11885: 11761: 11172: 10873: 10816: 9134: 8596: 7912: 6923: 6775: 6343: 5882: 4752: 4744: 4463: 4395: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4289: 3272: 2173: 2158: 2146: 1633: 1449: 1424: 980: 933: 792:. The release was dedicated to Thiemo Seufer, a developer who died in a car crash. 721: 565: 366: 325: 161: 13362: 10929: 10874:"When Private Keys are Public: Results from the 2008 Debian OpenSSL Vulnerability" 10645: 9772: 7886: 4300: 3846:, first released in the year 2000 and one of the first distributions optimized to 1019:, for older PCs, and for x86-64 PCs. The Linux kernel does not officially contain 778:) was released in April 2007, featuring the x86-64 port and a graphical installer. 13575: 13474: 13464: 13230: 13019: 12898: 12832: 12792: 12649: 12604: 12458: 12244: 12107: 11959: 11809: 11650: 11618: 11571: 11399: 10982: 10916: 10586: 7173: 6871: 6801: 6745: 6667: 6633: 6235: 5425: 5377: 5180:"Debian GNU/Linux 2.2, the 'Joel "Espy" Klecker' release, is officially released" 4501: 3588:

It does not have "release-critical" bugs, except for the ones already present in

2746: 2733: 2720: 2707: 2694: 2681: 2668: 2655: 2642: 2629: 2616: 2603: 2590: 2577: 2564: 2551: 2162: 1505: 1257: 1234: 1125: 1117: 1113: 1068: 1052: 972: 901: 672: 629: 591: 307: 186: 178: 8172: 4756: 4320: 4318: 4286: 1952: 1664:

release. It is supported by the Debian Security Team until one year after a new

1268:. The recommended standard for administering packages on a Debian system is the 13208: 12770: 12677: 12631: 12347: 11971: 11865: 11063: 10757: 10534: 7067: 3893: 3629: 2855: 2839:

is also used for communication among developers and to provide real time help.

2100: 1937: 1925: 1820: 1797: 1396: 1076: 939: 641: 278: 13218: 11311: 9279: 9130: 7657: 2538: 2525: 2512: 2499: 2486: 13569: 13154: 13086: 13039: 13024: 12971: 12765: 12546: 12536: 12388: 12327: 12287: 12259: 12239: 11771: 11429: 10954: 9560: 9104: 4915: 4315: 4018: 3963:

PCs. The current version of Debian GNU/Hurd is 2023, published in June 2023.

2189: 2082: 2076: 1805: 920: 12292: 9917: 9482: 8874: 8623:"[PROPOSED] Swap the "open" and "official" versions of the new logo" 7282: 6897: 6213: 6187: 6161: 6105: 6027: 4596: 1031: 13519: 13413: 13331: 13292: 13066: 13043: 13011: 13001: 12938: 12755: 12596: 12556: 12551: 12518: 12423: 12342: 12264: 12249: 12196: 12165: 11933: 11900: 11776: 11741: 10173: 9835: 9456: 9100: 8485: 8046: 8011: 7683: 7256: 7034: 6548: 6079: 6053: 5998: 5969: 5943: 5738: 5434: 5386: 5287: 5179: 5050: 4976: 4942: 4910: 4906: 4854: 4051: 4022: 3936: 3265: 3241: 2846:, the owner of the Debian trademark, manager of the monetary donations and 2832: 2828: 2821: 1828: 1795:

and best represents the visual identity of the Debian Project. A separate,

1352: 1202: 1191: 1096: 587: 554: 446: 299: 258: 12042: 10560: 7520: 1614:

s CDs and DVDs can be found on the Debian website. The current version of

1581:

s CDs and DVDs can be found in the Debian website. The current version of

1558:

is the current release and targets stable and well-tested software needs.

1372: 928: 671:

with talks and workshops for developers and technical users. In May 2001,

632:, was started. On December 2, the first Debian Constitution was ratified. 13494: 13479: 13198: 13177: 13159: 12961: 12951: 12817: 12812: 12780: 12586: 12581: 12571: 12531: 12473: 12378: 12282: 12254: 12155: 12145: 12047: 11766: 11756: 11751: 11631: 11202: 11104: 9418: 6522: 5351: 4673: 4455: 3932: 3883: 3289: 3248: 3234: 2860: 2195: 1963: 1833: 1809: 1778: 1682:

release. It is supported by the Long Term Support community. Eventually,

1599:

but they may not be fit for release yet. It contains newer packages than

1571: 1238: 1149: 964: 947: 841: 805: 789: 649: 618: 580: 542: 538: 477: 439: 407: 10508: 7742: 7716: 7308: 3776:, but tries to build as many packages as possible with hardening flags. 3585:

for a certain length of time that depends on the urgency of the changes.

13549: 13539: 13469: 13434: 13213: 13169: 13101: 13096: 13029: 12981: 12966: 12856: 12837: 12732: 12707: 12659: 12609: 12428: 12418: 12413: 12317: 12312: 12307: 12132: 12082: 11840: 7135: 3990: 3864: 3859: 3858:

software suite, and has been mirroring Debian releases since 2017. The

3555: 3353: 2177: 1985: 1400: 1359:. The program comes with enhancements such as better search on package 1169: 905: 738: 431: 419: 70: 11995: 11983: 10705: 10286: 9896: 7200:"Remove unofficial debian-multimedia.org repository from your sources" 5834: 1403:, which itself can work on top of various software packaging systems. 207: 13267: 13203: 13116: 12976: 12946: 12928: 12903: 12787: 12669: 12654: 12639: 12526: 12448: 12302: 12150: 12087: 10624: 8203: 7109: 6840: 5742: 5666: 4263: 3738:

security team, but does not receive updates in as timely a manner as

3380:

Debian is their main operating system and they want to promote Debian

2051: 1831:

used to work for Pixar and is credited as a studio tools engineer on

1165: 1142: 904:

cloud platform. Microsoft has also added a user environment to their

897: 748: 686: 550: 450: 87: 9586: 9393: 6291: 2038:

s390x: z/Architecture with 64-bit userland, intended to replace s390

1696:, where new software without the damage chance is normally uploaded. 1527: 583:, the dpkg package manager was already an essential part of Debian. 13282: 13277: 13225: 13149: 12986: 12923: 12869: 12864: 12715: 12687: 12614: 12561: 12443: 12357: 12337: 12297: 12224: 12140: 12067: 10933: 10594: 9638: 9508: 8934:"Two new architectures bootstrapping in unstable – MBF coming soon" 7604: 6924:"Status of the l10n in Debian — ranking PO files between languages" 6809: 6580: 6347: 3948: 3929: 3925: 3847: 3815: 3811: 3757: 3650:

A version of a package can belong to more than one branch, usually

2096: 2065: 1917: 1891: 1880: 1475: 1360: 1246: 1187: 1020: 845: 645: 454: 10452: 9612: 8313: 8311: 8113: 2008:

architecture with 32-bit userland, compatible with x86-64 machines

1801:, also exists for use by the Debian Project and its members only. 1769: 1303: 617:

program to make it possible to run a Debian installer on a single

42: 13544: 13534: 13529: 13524: 13484: 13459: 13235: 13144: 13124: 13061: 12908: 12893: 12750: 12697: 12541: 12483: 12478: 12438: 12433: 12352: 12332: 12277: 12269: 12234: 12229: 12190: 12180: 12122: 12077: 12062: 12052: 11875: 11638:

2 Years of Mobian Birth and growth of a mobile Linux distribution

8994: 7402: 5463:"Results of the meeting in Helsinki about the Vancouver proposal" 4681: 4647: 4617: 4204: 4073: 3994: 3980: 3979:

Debian GNU/kFreeBSD is a discontinued Debian flavor. It used the

3944: 3855: 3843: 3780: 3773: 3559: 2138: 2118: 2058: 2018: 1960: 1956: 1481: 1242: 1217: 1088: 1084: 968: 825: 795: 760: 744: 708: 668: 653: 614: 223: 10997:"Meet Devuan, the Debian fork born from a bitter systemd revolt" 8514: 7521:"Package: dpkg (1.16.15) [security] [essential]" 4238:

The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ -- Chapter 1 – Definitions and overview

4150: 1978:

architecture with 64-bit userland and supporting 32-bit software

1415:(DFSG) define the distinctive meaning of the word "free" as in " 1228:

architectures, and with a choice of desktop environments. These

866:

Debian is still in development and new packages are uploaded to

13514: 13454: 13449: 13297: 13134: 13056: 12996: 12933: 12827: 12644: 12621: 12504: 12453: 12403: 12398: 12215: 12175: 12097: 11845: 11835: 10174:"General Resolution: Endorse the concept of Debian Maintainers" 8308: 7568: 4103: 3960: 3851: 3835: 3807: 2124: 2104: 2033: 2026: 2022: 1991:(ARMv4T instruction set) on various embedded systems (embedded 1975: 1921: 1845:

Hardware requirements are at least those of the kernel and the

1225: 1197:

The default desktop may be chosen from the DVD boot menu among

988: 693: 415: 240: 235: 199: 11286:"A comparison between Debian GNU/hurd and Debuan Gnu/kFreeBSD" 10908:

Amor, J. J.; Robles, G.; González-Barahona, J. M.; Rivas, F.:

10422: 8229: 5770:"Re: Will IceWeasel be based on a fork or on vanilla FireFox?" 5079: 3971: 3822:

to develop, using a different method based on the same model.

2169:

Kurobox Pro, GLAN Tank, Thecus N2100 and QNAP Turbo Stations.

1323:. APT tools share dependency information and cached packages. 549:(SLS) had been a popular Linux distribution and the basis for 13499: 13272: 13255: 13240: 12807: 12797: 12494: 12408: 12373: 8741:"Debian: 17 ans de logiciel libre, 'do-ocracy' et démocratie" 8710: 8544: 8145: 8042:"Linux's RPM/deb split could be replaced by Flatpak vs. snap" 7372: 7166:"on package duplication between Debian and debian-multimedia" 5861: 5629:"Ubuntu Claims 12 Million Users as Lucid Linux Desktop Nears" 5568:"Re: Bits (Nybbles?) from the Vancouver release team meeting" 5537:"Re: Bits (Nybbles?) from the Vancouver release team meeting" 5320: 4859:"Debian's 'Social Contract' with the Free Software Community" 4234:"How does one pronounce Debian and what does this word mean?" 3956: 3952: 3868:) uses Debian Stable as the software source base since 2014. 2192:

solutions. Debian may be customized to run on cash machines.

2154: 2131: 2114: 2092: 2069: 2005: 1574:

service that provides more recent versions of some software.

1390: 1315:(APT) allows a Debian system to retrieve and resolve package 1221: 1198: 1173: 1137: 1092: 1044: 875: 855: 606: 576: 561: 287: 227: 211: 203: 83: 61: 13601:

Operating system distributions bootable from read-only media

7225: 3905: 3562:-compatible software. All Debian developers have individual 3346: 1136:

Multimedia support has been problematic in Debian regarding

406:, developed by the Debian Project, which was established by 12802: 12775: 12692: 12468: 12463: 12092: 12072: 11890: 7887:"Package: fglrx-driver (1:12-6+point-3) [non-free]" 5739:"Behind the Debian and Mozilla dispute over use of Firefox" 5712:

Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 (`sarge'), Intel x86

5242: 3918: 2872: 1970:

As of the upcoming Trixie release, the official ports are:

1275: 1210: 1206: 1064: 1060: 1040: 984: 725: 445:

Debian is one of the oldest operating systems based on the

384: 381: 375: 315: 311: 293: 215: 11599: 9228:

Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 6.0 (squeeze), ARM EABI

5993: 5991: 5516: 5406: 3715:

but resumed his activities and applied to rejoin in 2014.

2863: 2157:

was supported by the installer in Debian 4.0 and 5.0, and

703: 537:

First announced on August 16, 1993, Debian was founded by

342: 13326: 11928: 11642: 10758:"DSA-1571-1 openssl: predictable random number generator" 9800:"The Emergence of Governance in an Open Source Community" 9044: 8395: 6608:"Usage statistics and market share of Linux for websites" 6463:"How to Get Started With the Windows Subsystem for Linux" 5913:

Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 5.0 (lenny), Intel x86

5494:"Bits (Nybbles?) from the Vancouver release team meeting" 4370: 4304: 4045: 4030: 3987: 3609:

Its dependencies can be satisfied by packages already in

2812: 1846: 1607:. This branch is updated continually until it is frozen. 1048: 976: 729: 675:

announced plans to base its Linux development on Debian.

628:. During this time the first port to a non-Linux kernel, 27:

Linux distribution based on free and open-source software

11622: 7106:"Window Maker Live CD 2012-03-18 Available for Download" 6576:"Debian Linux Named Most Popular Distro for Web Servers" 4426:"Chapter 1 – Introduction – What is the Debian Project?" 3783:

package distributed with Debian and derivatives such as

3569:

Initially, an accepted package is only available in the

2429:

collaborative software development and testing processes

1727:

release is version 11.7, released on April 29, 2023

1504:

software code is owned and maintained by the for profit

1128:. The Debian 10 installer is available in 76 languages. 818:) was released in May 2013, featuring multiarch support. 11150: 9437: 8902: 8900: 6374:"Best of the Net Awards, October 1998 – Focus On Linux" 5988: 4823: 3756:

a Debian installation both manually and automatically.

3678: 3359:

One important role in Debian's leadership is that of a

2165:

since version 6.0. Other supported NAS devices are the

1819:

One theory about the origin of the Debian logo is that

1283:

package files, and information from the dpkg database.

1039:

Debian offers CD and DVD images specifically built for

557:

in SLS motivated Murdock to launch a new distribution.

11230:"Re: Difference between blends and remastered systems" 11167: 11165: 10371:"Kick-starting the revolution 1.0 – Alexander Larsson" 9936: 7332: 7330: 6318:"2011 LinuxQuestions.org Members Choice Award Winners" 5098: 4460:"New release under development; suggestions requested" 1478:

Linux distribution-agnostic binary software deployment

784:) was released in February 2009, supporting Marvell's 9722: 8685: 6694:"Unofficial non-free CDs including firmware packages" 5150:"New Linux distribution brings Debian to the desktop" 3752:

The Debian project offers documentation and tools to

3710:. Debian security advisories are compatible with the 2835:

tracking system is used by developers and end users.

1936:

on older or low-end systems, but the installation of

1460: 995:, for example as the operating system component of a 387: 333:-compatible licenses, plus proprietary firmware files 11523:

Coding Freedom: The Ethics and Aesthetics of Hacking

10108: 10106: 9198:

Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 ('etch'), ARM

9158: 9156: 8897: 8012:"General Resolution: Status of the non-free section" 6046: 5944:"Debian decides to adopt time-based release freezes" 5262: 4835: 4041: 3779:

In May 2008, a Debian developer discovered that the

3383:

To improve the support for their favorite technology

2850:

for various other community free software projects.

1075:

support was added with Debian 8 Jessie. Less common

378: 372: 13392: 11370:"Chrooted NetBSD environment available for testing" 11162: 9797: 9168:

Release Notes for Debian GNU/Linux 5.0 (lenny), ARM

8248: 8108: 8106: 8104: 8102: 8004: 7454:"4.3. Preparing Files for USB Memory Stick Booting" 7327: 6837:"Debian 8.0 'Jessie' Ditches GNOME and Adopts Xfce" 6022: 6020: 755:In 2006, as a result of a much-publicized dispute, 553:. The perceived poor maintenance and prevalence of 369: 11520: 10591:"Debian To Maintain 6.0 Squeeze As An LTS Release" 7951:"Moving contrib and non-free of master.debian.org" 7790: 7788: 7786: 7784: 7711: 7709: 7707: 7705: 6432:"Microsoft brings Debian GNU/Linux to Azure cloud" 1241:on some architectures and can be used to create a 640:From 1999, the project leader was elected yearly. 10103: 9153: 8448: 8278: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7782: 7780: 7778: 7776: 7774: 7772: 7770: 7768: 7766: 7764: 7003:"RFP: libdvdcss – Library to read scrambled DVDs" 5938: 5936: 5934: 4911:"Building Tiny Linux Systems with Busybox–Part I" 4177:"Dropping mips architecture for bullseye and sid" 3722:branch is supported by the Debian security team; 3231: 2117:architecture supporting 64-bit PowerPC CPUs with 1035:Xfce is default on CD images and non-Linux ports. 13567: 11057:Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (December 16, 2009). 10902: 10732:Release Notes for Debian 7.0 (wheezy), 32-bit PC 9194:"Chapter 2 – What's new in Debian GNU/Linux 4.0" 8099: 7359: 6017: 5962: 5856:Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (December 18, 2006). 5708:"Chapter 2 – What's new in Debian GNU/Linux 3.1" 5382:"Hackers used unpatched server to breach Debian" 4326:"General Resolution: non-free firmware: results" 3787:made a variety of security keys vulnerable to a 3749:s security is left for the package maintainers. 1995:(EABI)), although support has ended after Buster 991:document viewer. Debian is a popular choice for 840:) was released in July 2019, adding support for 529:, a character who regularly destroyed his toys. 492:to continue financially supporting development. 11056: 10672:"Debian -- News -- Debian 10 "buster" released" 9224:"Chapter 2. What's new in Debian GNU/Linux 6.0" 9164:"Chapter 2. What's new in Debian GNU/Linux 5.0" 8198: 8196: 8194: 8138: 7702: 7283:"Downloading Debian CD/DVD images via HTTP/FTP" 6720:"Package: mate-desktop (1.8.1+dfsg1-1~bpo70+1)" 5855: 5833:. Dunc-Tank. September 19, 2006. Archived from 5316:"Debian leaders: Faster release cycle required" 5045: 5043: 5041: 5039: 5037: 4981:"Ian Jackson is the next Debian Project Leader" 4572: 4570: 4568: 4566: 4301:"Explaining Why We Don't Endorse Other Systems" 3878:List of Linux distributions § Debian-based 3613:or by packages being migrated at the same time. 3533:Flowchart of the life cycle of a Debian package 1220:images for CDs, DVDs and USB thumb drives, for 511:Debian distribution codenames are based on the 9697: 9613:"Donations to Software in the Public Interest" 9047:"LoongArch architecture added to Debian Ports" 7818: 7761: 7309:"Installing Debian GNU/Linux via the Internet" 5970:"Debian GNU/Linux 6.0 'Squeeze' release goals" 5931: 5909:"Appendix C. Lenny dedicated to Thiemo Seufer" 5875: 5620: 4256: 2904: 2042:Unofficial ports are available as part of the 1431:area; otherwise, they are included inside the 1168:for installation that can be downloaded using 635: 13378: 12011: 11658: 11067:. Archived from the original on June 16, 2013 10811: 10809: 10081:"AM report for Manuel A. Fernandez Montecelo" 9863:"Bits from the RM: Help Wanted, Apply Within" 9798:O'Mahony, Siobhán; Ferraro, Fabrizio (2007). 9045:John Paul Adrian Glaubitz (August 16, 2023). 8927: 8925: 8323: 7485: 7483: 7481: 7479: 7071:. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014 7063:"Cool APT Repositories for Ubuntu and Debian" 4889:"It's Time to Talk About Free Software Again" 3602:The migration does not break any packages in 2887: 1367: 598:, Perens initiated the creation of the legal 10200:"Chapter 2. Applying to Become a Maintainer" 9561:"Debian bug tracking system pseudo-packages" 9020:Release Notes for Debian 7.0 (wheezy), S/390 8815:"3.4. Meeting Minimum Hardware Requirements" 8423: 8191: 7796:"Chapter 4. Resources for Debian Developers" 7251: 7249: 7247: 5596: 5590: 5207:"First Debian Conference : the program" 5074: 5072: 5051:"Constitution for the Debian Project (v1.4)" 5034: 4608: 4606: 4563: 4228: 4226: 3818:(74 million lines of code) would cost about 3706:The Debian project handles security through 3395:To make their Debian maintenance work easier 2427:Debian's policies and team efforts focus on 9254:"Debian Project News – December 10th, 2012" 8141:"The new Debian Linux 7.0 is now available" 7632:"Package: software-center (5.1.2debian3.1)" 6517: 6515: 5430:"Debian drops mainframe, Sparc development" 4795: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4709: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4191:"mipsel removed from unstable/experimental" 3558:worldwide. The upload must be signed using 2858:(Cloneproof Schwartz Sequential Dropping). 951:Debian 10 console login and welcome message 13385: 13371: 13315: 12018: 12004: 11665: 11651: 11604: 11573:The Debian System: Concepts and Techniques 10976:What is the most popular Linux of them all 10806: 9333:"Debian Project News – December 2nd, 2013" 8922: 8809: 8807: 8805: 8803: 8801: 8770: 8768: 8735: 8139:Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (May 5, 2013). 7837:. Debian. October 28, 2013. Archived from 7476: 7160: 7027: 6236:"Unstable packages' upgrade announcements" 5858:"Disgruntled Debian Developers Delay Etch" 4536: 3871: 3386:They are involved with a Debian derivative 2894: 2880: 350: 11336: 11227: 11173:"Chapter 2. What are Debian Pure Blends?" 11130:Halchenko, Yaroslav (December 21, 2010). 11129: 11019: 10815: 10720: 10078: 8077:"How to Install and Use Flatpak on Linux" 7257:"Downloading Debian CD images with jigdo" 7244: 7060: 5069: 4603: 4542: 4223: 3924:Debian GNU/Hurd is a flavor based on the 3616:The migration is not blocked by a freeze. 2474: 943:Graphical version of the Debian Installer 500: 410:in August, 1993. Debian is the basis for 56:Debian 12 (Bookworm) running its default 11948:Free and open-source software portal 11337:Wiltshire, Jonathan (November 9, 2014). 10311: 9988:"AM report for Jakub Wilk [...]" 9807:University of Alberta School of Business 9698:van Wolffelaar, Jeroen (March 5, 2005). 9483:"Debian New Member – Status DD, non-upl" 9386:"Enterprise Tablet Reference Design Kit" 9071: 8875:"Chapter 4. Existing Debian Pure Blends" 8426:"Debian squeeze waiting for development" 8424:Brockschmidt, Marc (February 15, 2009). 7948: 7911: 6512: 6429: 5768:Sanchez, Roberto C. (October 15, 2006). 5700: 5491: 5460: 5424: 5376: 5116: 4782: 4749:"The FSF is no longer sponsoring Debian" 4743: 4700: 3970: 3955:architecture, making it compatible with 3912: 3904: 3825: 3524: 3507: 3490: 3473: 3456: 3439: 3422: 1951: 1768: 1526: 1371: 1302: 1290: 1194:), where grub version 2 is named grub2. 1030: 946: 938: 927: 919: 794: 757:Mozilla software was rebranded in Debian 743: 707: 480:and Free Software. Because of this, the 12025: 11541: 11518: 11367: 11156: 10955:"Package: ohcount (3.0.0-8 and others)" 10910:Measuring Lenny: the size of Debian 5.0 10585: 10403:from the original on September 25, 2019 10368: 10344:"Package Search Results – dict-bouvier" 10228: 10210:from the original on September 23, 2020 10079:Wiltshire, Jonathan (January 6, 2013). 10047: 9942: 9443: 8798: 8765: 8359: 8317: 8039: 7917:"Re: Debian vs gNewSense – FS criteria" 7028:Gilbertson, Scott (February 16, 2009). 6898:"Central Debian translation statistics" 6800: 6746:"Details of package cinnamon in jessie" 6491: 5798: 5767: 5679: 5673: 5522: 5412: 5280: 5204: 5104: 5009: 4841: 4688:from the original on September 24, 2015 4672: 4654:from the original on September 24, 2015 4576: 4543:Hillesley, Richard (November 2, 2007). 4454: 4406:from the original on September 30, 2017 3810:model. As of May 2024, Black Duck 2184:There are efforts to support Debian on 1510:GNU General Public License, version 3.0 1026: 924:Debian 10 installation menu (BIOS Mode) 704:Sarge and later releases (2005–present) 532: 14: 13568: 11569: 11410:from the original on February 22, 2017 11380:from the original on September 6, 2015 11349:from the original on February 21, 2018 11038:from the original on December 11, 2014 10377:from the original on December 19, 2021 10369:Larsson, Alexander (August 21, 2018). 10293:from the original on November 20, 2008 10114:"Chapter 3. Debian Developer's Duties" 9985: 9924:from the original on November 20, 2008 9842:from the original on November 29, 2011 9728: 9679:from the original on December 26, 2010 9415:"Thieves Planted Malware to Hack ATMs" 9111:from the original on December 16, 2010 9072:Schepler, Daniel (November 20, 2012). 9026:from the original on December 25, 2013 8962: 8944:from the original on September 3, 2014 8931: 8786:from the original on December 28, 2020 8691: 8629:from the original on September 9, 2015 8603:from the original on February 18, 2015 8577:from the original on February 18, 2015 8509: 8507: 8462:. Debian. June 4, 2016. Archived from 8337:. Debian. May 22, 2010. Archived from 8153:from the original on November 29, 2014 8087:from the original on December 18, 2021 8071: 8069: 8054:from the original on December 19, 2021 8035: 8033: 7723:from the original on February 17, 2011 7597: 7491:"Chapter 2. Debian package management" 7365: 7116:from the original on November 29, 2014 7103: 6950:"Debian Installer Buster RC 3 release" 6847:from the original on November 29, 2014 6834: 6756:from the original on September 9, 2015 6500:from the original on February 13, 2016 6430:Bhartiya, Swapnil (December 2, 2015). 6402: 6298:from the original on November 20, 2008 6060:from the original on December 22, 2015 6034:from the original on February 21, 2011 6005:from the original on September 3, 2011 5901: 5889:from the original on February 17, 2009 5736: 5627:Kerner, Sean Michael (April 7, 2010). 5626: 5565: 5268: 5217:from the original on December 25, 2013 5160:from the original on September 9, 2015 5147: 5117:Akkerman, Wichert (October 17, 1999). 4991:from the original on September 9, 2015 4975: 4941: 4905: 4853: 4829: 4436:from the original on December 22, 2015 4311:from the original on November 2, 2023. 4157:from the original on November 22, 2016 4122:Optionally allows the installation of 4084:Comparison of mobile operating systems 3966: 3519: 3502: 3485: 3468: 3451: 3434: 2479: 1868:Minimum processor clock speed (IA-32) 692:The first version of the Debian-based 461:and three foundational documents: the 457:by a team of volunteers guided by the 453:. 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What's new in Debian 7.0" 8975:from the original on October 21, 2014 8845:"5.1. Booting the Installer on S/390" 8825:from the original on January 12, 2021 8673:from the original on January 12, 2018 8551:from the original on February 8, 2015 8525:from the original on January 30, 2024 8492:from the original on October 25, 2014 8120:from the original on October 11, 2011 7806:from the original on October 25, 2008 7061:Granneman, Scott (February 6, 2008). 7009:from the original on December 2, 2018 6983:from the original on October 20, 2014 6974: 6878:from the original on November 4, 2014 6806:"Debian Now Defaults To Xfce Desktop" 6588:from the original on February 9, 2013 6574:Noyes, Katherine (January 11, 2012). 6573: 6555:from the original on January 11, 2012 6461:Hesse, Brendan (September 11, 2018). 6460: 5999:"Backports service becoming official" 5534: 5313: 5235: 5022:from the original on October 18, 2018 4807:. Debian. May 4, 2013. 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What's new in Debian 9" 5950:from the original on March 14, 2011 5811:from the original on March 29, 2016 5780:from the original on August 8, 2014 5639:from the original on April 10, 2010 5578:from the original on August 8, 2014 5547:from the original on August 8, 2014 5504:from the original on August 8, 2014 5473:from the original on August 8, 2014 5328:from the original on August 8, 2014 5129:from the original on August 8, 2014 4211:from the original on March 20, 2018 3772:, unlike operating systems such as 3389:A desire to contribute back to the 2422:Simplified organizational structure 2011:mips64el: Little-endian 64-bit MIPS 1707: 465:, the Debian Constitution, and the 24: 13505:Open and Free Technology Community 11512: 11470:from the original on July 31, 2019 11318:from the original on June 18, 2023 10890:from the original on March 4, 2016 10794:from the original on July 14, 2014 10764:from the original on March 9, 2011 10324:from the original on July 17, 2014 10229:Costela, Leo (February 12, 2010). 10124:from the original on July 16, 2014 10091:from the original on July 25, 2014 10060:from the original on July 25, 2014 10029:from the original on July 25, 2014 9998:from the original on July 25, 2014 9967:from the original on July 25, 2014 9873:from the original on July 25, 2014 9836:"The Debian organization web page" 9779:from the original on July 25, 2014 9710:from the original on July 25, 2014 9541:from the original on June 14, 2018 9425:from the original on June 24, 2014 9360:"InstallingDebianOn TI BeagleBone" 9204:from the original on June 28, 2011 9174:from the original on June 28, 2011 8855:from the original on July 29, 2020 8436:from the original on June 20, 2017 8372:from the original on July 28, 2014 8236:from the original on June 13, 2019 8179:from the original on July 14, 2014 7961:from the original on July 20, 2014 7927:from the original on July 14, 2014 7923:(Mailing list). lists.nongnu.org. 7893:from the original on July 14, 2014 7867:from the original on June 29, 2014 7749:from the original on July 20, 2017 7612:from the original on July 15, 2014 7579:from the original on June 19, 2014 7338:"6.3. Using Individual Components" 7142:from the original on July 14, 2014 6726:from the original on July 14, 2014 6660:"Chapter 2 – Debian kernel source" 6614:from the original on July 18, 2012 6529:from the original on June 21, 2014 6492:Treinen, Ralf (February 8, 2016). 6411:from the original on March 4, 2016 6272:from the original on March 8, 2021 6142:from the original on July 11, 2018 6112:from the original on June 18, 2017 6086:from the original on June 18, 2017 5976:from the original on March 3, 2011 5535:Jarno, Aurélien (March 14, 2005). 5492:Langasek, Steve (March 14, 2005). 5186:from the original on June 29, 2011 4869:from the original on June 10, 2006 4524:from the original on July 31, 2020 3900: 3595:There are no outdated versions in 1461:Cross-distribution package manager 1341:are command tools of the standard 1237:purposes. 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Archived from 11460:"debian-bsd Jul 2019 by thread" 11228:Armstrong, Ben (July 6, 2011). 10509:"Debian Security Audit Project" 10287:"Debian 'testing' distribution" 9643:Software in the Public Interest 9535:"Index of /pub/debian-meetings" 7598:Thomas, Keir (April 13, 2009). 6916: 6890: 6859: 6828: 6794: 6768: 6738: 6712: 6686: 6652: 6626: 6600: 6567: 6541: 6485: 6454: 6423: 6396: 6366: 6336: 6310: 6284: 6254: 6228: 6214:"Debian 12 'bookworm' released" 6206: 6188:"Debian 11 'bullseye' released" 6180: 6162:"Debian 10.0 'buster' released" 6154: 6124: 6106:"Debian 9.0 'Stretch' released" 6098: 6072: 6028:"Debian 6.0 'Squeeze' released" 5883:"Debian GNU/Linux 5.0 released" 5849: 5823: 5792: 5761: 5730: 5680:Murdock, Ian (April 20, 2005). 5665:. Canonical Ltd. Archived from 5651: 5559: 5528: 5485: 5454: 5418: 5370: 5340: 5314:LeMay, Renai (March 18, 2005). 5307: 5283:"Debian GNU/Linux 3.0 released" 5281:Lettice, John (July 23, 2002). 5274: 5229: 5198: 5172: 5141: 5110: 5010:Grobman, Igor (July 14, 1998). 5003: 4969: 4935: 4899: 4881: 4847: 4737: 4666: 4636: 4493: 4448: 4418: 4388: 4344: 2844:Software in the Public Interest 2827:The project maintains official 2447:Debian Free Software Guidelines 2208: 1413:Debian Free Software Guidelines 1406: 1307:Package installed with Aptitude 1213:, and from special disc 1 CDs. 1159: 1106: 1071:support was added in 2014, and 883:Server Distribution of the Year 603:Software in the Public Interest 490:Software in the Public Interest 467:Debian Free Software Guidelines 13510:Open Bioinformatics Foundation 11527:. Princeton University Press. 11519:Coleman, E. Gabriella (2013). 11490:"Debian official announcement" 10850:. Debian BTS. 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February 28, 2007. 7980:Wise, Paul (March 22, 2014). 7658:"Package: synaptic (0.75.13)" 7366:Watson, J.A. (May 28, 2013). 7005:. Debian BTS. July 25, 2002. 6977:"Diff for 'MultimediaCodecs'" 6549:"Debian Moves to LibreOffice" 6380:. May 4, 1999. Archived from 6001:. Debian. September 5, 2010. 5915:. Debian. February 14, 2009. 5885:. Debian. February 14, 2009. 5082:. Debian. February 18, 2014. 4715:"Chapter 3 – Debian Releases" 4579:The Debian Linux user's guide 4396:"Debian Releases - Codenames" 4136: 3367: 2145:Debian supports a variety of 1417:free and open-source software 1399:is a graphical front-end for 1264:to graphical front-ends like 912:that offers a Debian subset. 887:The best Linux distro of 2011 724:, allowed installations with 318:available on Debian's website 11312:"News about Debian GNU/Hurd" 10261:Debian Developer's Reference 10204:Debian Developer's Reference 10150:. Debian. October 28, 2013. 10118:Debian Developer's Reference 9809:. p. 30. Archived from 9563:. 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August 14, 2021. 5182:. Debian. August 15, 2000. 5080:"Debian Voting Information" 4378:"A Brief History of Debian" 4037: 3975:Logo of Debian GNU/kFreeBSD 3917:Debian GNU/Hurd running on 3814:estimated that the current 3701: 2466:Debian developer population 2190:electronic point of service 1981:arm64: ARMv8-A architecture 1840: 1764: 1516: 1252: 915: 910:Windows Subsystem for Linux 658:Duchenne muscular dystrophy 636:Leader election (1999–2005) 136:12.7 / August 31, 2024 10: 13642: 13616:X86-64 Linux distributions 12577:Rocks Cluster Distribution 11672: 11617:February 11, 2022, at the 11570:Krafft, Martin F. (2005). 11205:. Debian. April 30, 2014. 10702:"Debian Secure by Default" 10511:. Debian. March 15, 2014. 9589:. Debian. April 30, 2014. 9511:. Debian. April 30, 2014. 9509:"How can you help Debian?" 8932:Wookey (August 27, 2014). 7684:"Package: apper (0.7.2-5)" 7170:pkg-multimedia-maintainers 6082:. Debian. April 25, 2015. 5602:"Ubuntu 4.10 announcement" 3875: 3848:boot from external storage 3770:buffer overflow protection 2161:is providing installation 1777:Debian has two logos. The 1742:release is version 10.10. 1719:get minor updates, called 1653:Other branches in Debian: 1520: 1427:, are included inside the 1368:GDebi and other front-ends 1152:codecs, libdvdcss and the 1145:is not hosted at Debian . 1099:and others are available. 1013:Physical Address Extension 1002: 504: 495: 13596:IA-32 Linux distributions 13422: 13400: 13310: 13186: 13168: 13115: 13038: 13010: 12883: 12855: 12846: 12743: 12706: 12668: 12630: 12595: 12517: 12366: 12214: 12205: 12131: 12033: 11921: 11909: 11858: 11841:Linux Mint Debian Edition 11828: 11802: 11795: 11734: 11723: 11689: 11680: 11542:Hertzog, Raphaël (2013). 11400:"Debian_GNU/kFreeBSD_why" 11085:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 9700:"Announcing project scud" 9673:A Brief History of Debian 9639:"SPI Associated Projects" 9280:"Package: matchbox (1:5)" 8881:. Debian. June 19, 2013. 8776:"2.1. Supported Hardware" 7600:"10 Expert Ubuntu Tricks" 7202:. Debian. June 14, 2013. 7089:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 6132:"Debian 9's release date" 6108:. Debian. June 17, 2017. 5972:. Debian. July 30, 2009. 5946:. Debian. July 29, 2009. 5119:"New maintainer proposal" 4805:A Brief History of Debian 4719:A Brief History of Debian 4468:comp.os.linux.development 4430:A Brief History of Debian 3679:optional package managers 2813:Debian Voting Information 2810: 2533:— 2520:— 2494:— 2413: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2379: 2375: 2373: 2357: 2355: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2340: 2334: 2332: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2318: 2313: 2311: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2294: 2292: 2288: 2286: 2280: 2278: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2260: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 1934:graphical user interfaces 1357:text-based user interface 1164:Debian offers DVD and CD 1120:to the barely translated 959:that contain over 51,000 337: 324: 296:on CD and non-Linux ports 277: 265: 247: 195: 185: 170: 160: 150: 130: 112: 102: 94: 79: 69: 49: 40: 13288:Softlanding Linux System 12567:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 11236:(Mailing list). Debian. 11132:"Derivatives Guidelines" 10848:"valgrind-clean the RNG" 10760:. Debian. May 13, 2008. 10646:"Securing Debian Manual" 10623:. Debian. Archived from 10320:(Mailing list). Debian. 10087:(Mailing list). Debian. 10056:(Mailing list). Debian. 10025:(Mailing list). Debian. 9994:(Mailing list). Debian. 9963:(Mailing list). Debian. 9918:"Debian New Maintainers" 9895:. Debian. Archived from 9869:(Mailing list). Debian. 9749:(Mailing list). Debian. 9706:(Mailing list). Debian. 9669:"Chapter 2 – Leadership" 9615:. Debian. May 10, 2014. 8971:(Mailing list). Debian. 8940:(Mailing list). Debian. 8432:(Mailing list). Debian. 8368:(Mailing list). Debian. 7988:(Mailing list). Debian. 7957:(Mailing list). Debian. 7717:"Debian Social Contract" 7285:. Debian. May 17, 2014. 7259:. Debian. May 10, 2014. 7228:. Debian. May 10, 2014. 6952:. Debian. July 3, 2019. 6494:"50.000 binary packages" 6164:. Debian. July 6, 2019. 5776:(Mailing list). Debian. 5574:(Mailing list). Debian. 5543:(Mailing list). Debian. 5500:(Mailing list). Debian. 5469:(Mailing list). Debian. 5213:(Mailing list). Debian. 5156:(Mailing list). Debian. 5125:(Mailing list). Debian. 5018:(Mailing list). Debian. 4987:(Mailing list). Debian. 4953:(Mailing list). Debian. 4865:(Mailing list). Debian. 4352:"Debian Social Contract" 4240:. Debian. Archived from 4109: 3794: 2021:architecture supporting 1454:Free Software Foundation 1355:tool that also offers a 893:award for October 1998. 799:Debian 6 (Squeeze), 2011 763:forked as Iceweasel and 573:Free Software Foundation 547:Softlanding Linux System 482:Free Software Foundation 412:many other distributions 13586:ARM Linux distributions 13077:Linux for PlayStation 2 10915:March 24, 2021, at the 10399:. Debian Release Team. 9675:. Debian. May 4, 2013. 6216:. Debian. June 10, 2023 6056:. Debian. May 4, 2013. 5659:"About Ubuntu Insights" 4721:. Debian. May 4, 2013. 4432:. Debian. May 4, 2013. 4005:is an abbreviation for 3872:Derivatives and flavors 3564:cryptographic key pairs 3547:developers is advised. 3391:free-software community 2110:powerpc: 32-bit PowerPC 2017:ppc64el: Little-endian 1729:; 16 months ago 1539:of Debian (also called 1506:Canonical Group Limited 1313:Advanced Packaging Tool 828:as the new init system. 116:September 15, 1993 12726:Open Enterprise Server 11707:Debian Social Contract 10981:July 29, 2020, at the 10453:"Security Information" 10314:"FINAL release update" 9053:(Mailing list). Debian 7549:. Debian. June 5, 2012 7138:. deb-multimedia.org. 4577:Scheetz, Dale (1998). 4503:Ubuntu: Up and Running 4205:"RISC-V - Debian Wiki" 4089:Debian version history 3976: 3921: 3910: 3643:branch become the new 3599:for any release ports. 2866:Debian project leaders 2452:Open Source Definition 2438:Debian Social Contract 2186:wireless access points 1967: 1932:It is possible to run 1774: 1532: 1523:Debian version history 1508:, with an open source 1377: 1308: 1300: 1036: 952: 944: 936: 925: 800: 752: 713: 507:Debian version history 501:Debian version history 487:nonprofit organization 463:Debian Social Contract 118:; 31 years ago 13130:Damn Vulnerable Linux 12721:SUSE Linux Enterprise 12118:Resurrection Remix OS 11496:on September 27, 2023 11430:"Debian GNU/kFreeBSD" 11343:debian-devel-announce 10826:MIT Technology Review 10318:debian-devel-announce 10050:"AM report for vicho" 9867:debian-devel-announce 9747:debian-devel-announce 9137:. February 24, 2011. 9051:debian-devel-announce 8938:debian-devel-announce 8655:on February 18, 2015. 8649:"Debian Chooses Logo" 8597:"Debian Logo Contest" 8430:debian-devel-announce 8230:"snapshot.debian.org" 8204:"Debian security FAQ" 8083:. November 27, 2020. 7743:"License information" 7403:"Live install images" 5669:on September 6, 2015. 5498:debian-devel-announce 5467:debian-devel-announce 5211:debian-devel-announce 4947:"I am leaving Debian" 4500:Nixon, Robin (2010). 3974: 3916: 3908: 3826:Forks and derivatives 2848:umbrella organization 2103:and various embedded 1955: 1865:Recommended RAM size 1772: 1530: 1375: 1306: 1294: 1034: 950: 942: 931: 923: 896:On December 2, 2015, 798: 747: 712:Debian 4 (Etch), 2007 711: 600:umbrella organization 525:trunk is named after 459:Debian Project Leader 138:; 20 days ago 13246:Linux Router Project 11612:Debian vs Arch Linux 11292:on November 24, 2015 11203:"Debian Jr. Project" 10148:Debian Policy Manual 9022:. November 9, 2014. 8753:on November 20, 2016 8739:(December 4, 2010). 8717:on November 10, 2013 7835:Debian Policy Manual 7575:. January 24, 2006. 7435:on February 14, 2014 7429:"Debian Live Manual" 7348:on December 24, 2013 5600:(October 20, 2004). 5380:(December 2, 2003). 4979:(December 1, 1997). 4909:(November 1, 2000). 4811:on December 21, 2019 4650:. January 31, 1994. 4384:on November 3, 2023. 4193:. September 2, 2023. 3734:is supported by the 2200:open-source hardware 1966:booting Debian Lenny 1942:desktop environments 1924:. The installer for 1871:Hard-drive capacity 1562:is made by freezing 1496:BSD 2-Clause License 1444:proprietary software 1421:Modified BSD License 1027:Desktop environments 932:Text version of the 680:internationalization 533:Founding (1993–1998) 401:free and open source 13621:Linux distributions 13178:SUSE Studio Express 12945:Other derivatives: 12027:Linux distributions 11815:Debian GNU/kFreeBSD 11782:Scott James Remnant 11576:. No Starch Press. 11406:. October 5, 2011. 10708:on November 3, 2004 10423:"LTS - Debian Wiki" 9743:"Bits from the DPL" 8995:"Debian for RISC-V" 8737:Zacchiroli, Stefano 8521:. First paragraph. 7915:(October 6, 2007). 7162:Zacchiroli, Stefano 6750:packages.debian.org 6407:. Microsoft Azure. 5837:on October 10, 2006 5831:"Press Information" 5663:Insights.Ubuntu.com 5525:, pp. 153–154. 5415:, pp. 150–156. 4676:(January 6, 1994). 4458:(August 16, 1993). 4332:on November 2, 2023 3967:Debian GNU/kFreeBSD 3951:). The CD uses the 2837:Internet Relay Chat 2467: 2459:Debian Constitution 2141:userland for x86-64 2000:floating-point unit 1798:restricted-use logo 1628:, always codenamed 1017:real-time computing 513:names of characters 177:in Stable edition, 58:desktop environment 37: 13052:BLAG Linux and GNU 12919:Linux Caixa Mágica 11787:Stefano Zacchiroli 11747:Benjamin Mako Hill 11177:Debian Pure Blends 11026:Larabel, Michael. 10627:on October 5, 2008 10589:(April 18, 2014). 10485:. April 16, 2014. 10231:"DebianMentorsFaq" 8879:Debian Pure Blends 8341:on August 15, 2015 6804:(August 8, 2012). 6378:The Mining Company 6350:. August 4, 2011. 6324:. February 9, 2012 6322:LinuxQuestions.org 5688:on August 19, 2014 5598:Shuttleworth, Mark 5428:(March 14, 2005). 5358:on August 19, 2014 4945:(March 18, 1998). 4757:comp.os.linux.misc 4747:(April 28, 1996). 4179:. August 20, 2019. 4011:technology preview 3977: 3941:virtual disk image 3935:), instead of the 3922: 3911: 3890:Debian Pure Blends 3830:A large number of 3552:digital signatures 3302:Stefano Zacchiroli 2465: 2229:General Resolution 1968: 1825:Stefano Zacchiroli 1775: 1533: 1378: 1309: 1301: 1258:Package management 1154:Adobe Flash Player 1132:Multimedia support 1037: 987:image editor, and 953: 945: 937: 926: 801: 753: 714: 404:Linux distribution 75:The Debian Project 35: 32:Linux distribution 13563: 13562: 13360: 13359: 13306: 13305: 13251:MCC Interim Linux 13194:Caldera OpenLinux 12513: 12512: 11993: 11992: 11854: 11853: 11820:Debian Pure Blend 11583:978-1-59327-069-8 11555:979-10-91414-03-6 11534:978-0-691-14461-0 10817:Garfinkel, Simson 9645:. July 14, 2014. 9390:Texas Instruments 8114:"Debian Releases" 7913:Stallman, Richard 6442:on April 23, 2016 5154:debian-commercial 4895:on July 16, 2014. 4832:, pp. 31–32. 4745:Stallman, Richard 4517:978-0-596-80484-8 4358:. October 1, 2022 4264:"Debian -- About" 4151:"Debian -- Ports" 4124:non-free firmware 3764:features such as 3728:long-term support 3708:public disclosure 3531: 3530: 3350: 3349: 3227:2025 — 3217:2024 — 3207:2023 — 3197:2022 — 3187:2021 — 3177:2020 — 3167:2019 — 3157:2018 — 3147:2017 — 3137:2016 — 3127:2015 — 3117:2014 — 3107:2013 — 3097:2012 — 3087:2011 — 3077:2010 — 3067:2009 — 3057:2008 — 3047:2007 — 3037:2006 — 3027:2005 — 3017:2004 — 3007:2003 — 2997:2002 — 2987:2001 — 2977:2000 — 2967:1999 — 2957:1998 — 2947:1997 — 2937:1996 — 2927:1995 — 2917:1994 — 2907:1993 — 2818: 2817: 2419: 2418: 1914: 1913: 1486:LGPL-2.1-or-later 613:. He created the 395:), also known as 358: 357: 175:Long-term support 16:(Redirected from 13633: 13555:X.Org Foundation 13408:Martin Michlmayr 13387: 13380: 13373: 13364: 13363: 13350: 13349: 13340: 13332:Linux portal 13330: 13329: 13318: 13317: 13107:Yellow Dog Linux 13092:Think Blue Linux 13082:Scientific Linux 12957:CrunchBang Linux 12853: 12852: 12394:Damn Small Linux 12212: 12211: 12103:Paranoid Android 12020: 12013: 12006: 11997: 11996: 11981: 11969: 11968: 11957: 11956: 11946: 11945: 11944: 11934:Linux portal 11932: 11931: 11886:Debian-Installer 11800: 11799: 11762:Martin Michlmayr 11729: 11667: 11660: 11653: 11644: 11643: 11628:Debian GNU/Linux 11608: 11603: 11602: 11600:Official website 11587: 11566: 11564: 11562: 11538: 11526: 11506: 11505: 11503: 11501: 11486: 11480: 11479: 11477: 11475: 11464:lists.debian.org 11456: 11450: 11449: 11447: 11445: 11426: 11420: 11419: 11417: 11415: 11396: 11390: 11389: 11387: 11385: 11376:(Mailing list). 11365: 11359: 11358: 11356: 11354: 11345:(Mailing list). 11334: 11328: 11327: 11325: 11323: 11308: 11302: 11301: 11299: 11297: 11288:. Archived from 11282: 11276: 11275: 11273: 11271: 11262:(Mailing list). 11256: 11250: 11249: 11247: 11245: 11225: 11219: 11218: 11216: 11214: 11199: 11193: 11192: 11190: 11188: 11169: 11160: 11154: 11148: 11147: 11145: 11143: 11127: 11121: 11120: 11118: 11116: 11097: 11091: 11090: 11084: 11076: 11074: 11072: 11054: 11048: 11047: 11045: 11043: 11023: 11017: 11016: 11014: 11012: 10995:Hoffman, Chris. 10992: 10986: 10973: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10962: 10951: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10940: 10930:"Estimated Cost" 10926: 10920: 10906: 10900: 10899: 10897: 10895: 10889: 10878: 10870: 10864: 10863: 10861: 10859: 10844: 10838: 10837: 10835: 10833: 10819:(May 20, 2008). 10813: 10804: 10803: 10801: 10799: 10780: 10774: 10773: 10771: 10769: 10754: 10748: 10747: 10745: 10743: 10724: 10718: 10717: 10715: 10713: 10698: 10692: 10691: 10689: 10687: 10668: 10662: 10661: 10659: 10657: 10642: 10636: 10635: 10633: 10632: 10617: 10611: 10610: 10608: 10606: 10587:Larabel, Michael 10583: 10577: 10576: 10574: 10572: 10557: 10551: 10550: 10548: 10546: 10531: 10525: 10524: 10522: 10520: 10505: 10499: 10498: 10496: 10494: 10475: 10469: 10468: 10466: 10464: 10449: 10443: 10442: 10440: 10438: 10429:. July 3, 2018. 10419: 10413: 10412: 10410: 10408: 10393: 10387: 10386: 10384: 10382: 10366: 10360: 10359: 10357: 10355: 10340: 10334: 10333: 10331: 10329: 10309: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10298: 10283: 10277: 10276: 10274: 10272: 10253: 10247: 10246: 10244: 10242: 10226: 10220: 10219: 10217: 10215: 10196: 10190: 10189: 10187: 10185: 10176:. Debian. 2007. 10170: 10164: 10163: 10161: 10159: 10140: 10134: 10133: 10131: 10129: 10110: 10101: 10100: 10098: 10096: 10076: 10070: 10069: 10067: 10065: 10045: 10039: 10038: 10036: 10034: 10014: 10008: 10007: 10005: 10003: 9983: 9977: 9976: 9974: 9972: 9952: 9946: 9940: 9934: 9933: 9931: 9929: 9914: 9908: 9907: 9905: 9904: 9889: 9883: 9882: 9880: 9878: 9858: 9852: 9851: 9849: 9847: 9832: 9826: 9825: 9823: 9821: 9815: 9804: 9795: 9789: 9788: 9786: 9784: 9769: 9763: 9762: 9760: 9758: 9738: 9732: 9726: 9720: 9719: 9717: 9715: 9695: 9689: 9688: 9686: 9684: 9665: 9659: 9658: 9656: 9654: 9635: 9629: 9628: 9626: 9624: 9609: 9603: 9602: 9600: 9598: 9583: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9572: 9557: 9551: 9550: 9548: 9546: 9531: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9520: 9505: 9499: 9498: 9496: 9494: 9479: 9473: 9472: 9470: 9468: 9453: 9447: 9441: 9435: 9434: 9432: 9430: 9421:. May 30, 2014. 9411: 9405: 9404: 9402: 9401: 9396:on June 12, 2014 9392:. Archived from 9382: 9376: 9375: 9373: 9371: 9355: 9349: 9348: 9346: 9344: 9329: 9323: 9322: 9320: 9318: 9302: 9296: 9295: 9293: 9291: 9276: 9270: 9269: 9267: 9265: 9250: 9244: 9243: 9241: 9239: 9220: 9214: 9213: 9211: 9209: 9190: 9184: 9183: 9181: 9179: 9160: 9151: 9150: 9148: 9146: 9135:Martin Michlmayr 9127: 9121: 9120: 9118: 9116: 9096: 9090: 9089: 9087: 9085: 9069: 9063: 9062: 9060: 9058: 9042: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9031: 9012: 9006: 9005: 9003: 9001: 8991: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8960: 8954: 8953: 8951: 8949: 8929: 8920: 8919: 8917: 8915: 8904: 8895: 8894: 8892: 8890: 8871: 8865: 8864: 8862: 8860: 8851:. Debian. 2015. 8841: 8835: 8834: 8832: 8830: 8821:. Debian. 2019. 8811: 8796: 8795: 8793: 8791: 8782:. Debian. 2019. 8772: 8763: 8762: 8760: 8758: 8752: 8745: 8733: 8727: 8726: 8724: 8722: 8713:. Archived from 8701: 8695: 8689: 8683: 8682: 8680: 8678: 8663: 8657: 8656: 8651:. Archived from 8645: 8639: 8638: 8636: 8634: 8619: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8608: 8593: 8587: 8586: 8584: 8582: 8567: 8561: 8560: 8558: 8556: 8541: 8535: 8534: 8532: 8530: 8511: 8502: 8501: 8499: 8497: 8482: 8476: 8475: 8473: 8471: 8452: 8446: 8445: 8443: 8441: 8421: 8415: 8414: 8409: 8407: 8398:. May 13, 2014. 8388: 8382: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8357: 8351: 8350: 8348: 8346: 8327: 8321: 8315: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8301: 8282: 8276: 8275: 8273: 8271: 8252: 8246: 8245: 8243: 8241: 8226: 8220: 8219: 8217: 8215: 8200: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8184: 8169: 8163: 8162: 8160: 8158: 8136: 8130: 8129: 8127: 8125: 8110: 8097: 8096: 8094: 8092: 8073: 8064: 8063: 8061: 8059: 8037: 8028: 8027: 8025: 8023: 8014:. Debian. 2004. 8008: 8002: 8001: 7999: 7997: 7977: 7971: 7970: 7968: 7966: 7946: 7940: 7939: 7934: 7932: 7921:gnuherds-app-dev 7909: 7903: 7902: 7900: 7898: 7883: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7863:. Debian. 2006. 7857: 7851: 7850: 7848: 7846: 7841:on July 13, 2014 7827: 7816: 7815: 7813: 7811: 7792: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7754: 7739: 7733: 7732: 7730: 7728: 7713: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7695: 7680: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7654: 7648: 7647: 7645: 7643: 7628: 7622: 7621: 7619: 7617: 7595: 7589: 7588: 7586: 7584: 7565: 7559: 7558: 7556: 7554: 7543: 7537: 7536: 7534: 7532: 7517: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7506: 7495:Debian Reference 7487: 7474: 7473: 7471: 7469: 7460:. Debian. 2010. 7450: 7444: 7443: 7441: 7440: 7425: 7419: 7418: 7416: 7414: 7399: 7393: 7392: 7387: 7385: 7363: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7353: 7334: 7325: 7324: 7322: 7320: 7305: 7299: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7279: 7273: 7272: 7270: 7268: 7253: 7242: 7241: 7239: 7237: 7222: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7196: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7185: 7172:(Mailing list). 7158: 7152: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7132: 7126: 7125: 7123: 7121: 7101: 7095: 7094: 7088: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7058: 7052: 7051: 7049: 7047: 7025: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7014: 6999: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6972: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6961: 6946: 6940: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6920: 6914: 6913: 6911: 6909: 6894: 6888: 6887: 6885: 6883: 6863: 6857: 6856: 6854: 6852: 6832: 6826: 6825: 6823: 6821: 6802:Larabel, Michael 6798: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6772: 6766: 6765: 6763: 6761: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6731: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6690: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6679: 6656: 6650: 6649: 6647: 6645: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6604: 6598: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6571: 6565: 6564: 6562: 6560: 6545: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6534: 6519: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6489: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6458: 6452: 6451: 6449: 6447: 6427: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6400: 6394: 6393: 6391: 6389: 6370: 6364: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6340: 6334: 6333: 6331: 6329: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6288: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6258: 6252: 6251: 6249: 6247: 6232: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6210: 6204: 6203: 6201: 6199: 6184: 6178: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6158: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6147: 6138:. May 26, 2017. 6128: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6117: 6102: 6096: 6095: 6093: 6091: 6076: 6070: 6069: 6067: 6065: 6050: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6039: 6024: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6010: 5995: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5966: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5940: 5929: 5928: 5926: 5924: 5905: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5879: 5873: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5853: 5847: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5827: 5821: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5796: 5790: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5765: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5734: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5684:. Archived from 5677: 5671: 5670: 5655: 5649: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5624: 5618: 5617: 5615: 5613: 5594: 5588: 5587: 5585: 5583: 5563: 5557: 5556: 5554: 5552: 5532: 5526: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5511: 5509: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5458: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5447: 5426:Orlowski, Andrew 5422: 5416: 5410: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5378:Orlowski, Andrew 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5344: 5338: 5337: 5335: 5333: 5311: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5300: 5278: 5272: 5266: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5233: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5202: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5114: 5108: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5076: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5047: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5007: 5001: 5000: 4998: 4996: 4973: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4962: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4903: 4897: 4896: 4891:. Archived from 4885: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4857:(July 5, 1997). 4851: 4845: 4839: 4833: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4797: 4780: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4741: 4735: 4734: 4732: 4730: 4711: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4693: 4670: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4629: 4610: 4601: 4600: 4574: 4561: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4540: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4392: 4386: 4385: 4380:. Archived from 4374: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4348: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4337: 4328:. Archived from 4322: 4313: 4312: 4297: 4284: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4244:on April 2, 2019 4230: 4221: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4187: 4181: 4180: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4147: 4130: 4120: 4068: 4063: 4062: 4061: 4054: 4049: 4048: 3909:Logo of GNU Hurd 3862:Debian Edition ( 3821: 3805: 3748: 3410: 3409: 3279:Branden Robinson 3273:Martin Michlmayr 3255:Wichert Akkerman 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3103: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2998: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2896: 2889: 2882: 2876: 2861: 2481: 2476: 2468: 2464: 2216: 2215: 2174:system on a chip 2159:Martin Michlmayr 2091:architecture on 2032:riscv64: 64-bit 1989:ARM architecture 1852: 1851: 1737: 1735: 1730: 1708:Numbering scheme 1613: 1580: 1450:Richard Stallman 1425:Artistic License 1216:Debian releases 981:VLC media player 934:Debian Installer 722:Debian-Installer 566:operating system 521:films. Debian's 397:Debian GNU/Linux 394: 393: 390: 389: 386: 383: 380: 377: 374: 371: 354: 349: 346: 344: 338:Official website 146: 144: 139: 126: 124: 119: 54: 45: 38: 34: 21: 13641: 13640: 13636: 13635: 13634: 13632: 13631: 13630: 13566: 13565: 13564: 13559: 13475:Gallery Project 13465:freedesktop.org 13418: 13396: 13391: 13361: 13356: 13324: 13302: 13231:Foresight Linux 13182: 13164: 13111: 13034: 13020:Container Linux 13006: 12992:Musix GNU+Linux 12899:Black Lab Linux 12879: 12842: 12833:Tiny Core Linux 12739: 12702: 12664: 12650:OpenMandriva Lx 12626: 12605:Calculate Linux 12591: 12509: 12459:Raspberry Pi OS 12362: 12245:Ubuntu Cinnamon 12201: 12127: 12108:PixelExperience 12029: 12024: 11994: 11989: 11942: 11940: 11926: 11917: 11905: 11850: 11824: 11810:Debian GNU/Hurd 11791: 11730: 11721: 11712:Project leaders 11685: 11676: 11671: 11619:Wayback Machine 11598: 11597: 11594: 11584: 11560: 11558: 11556: 11535: 11515: 11513:Further reading 11510: 11509: 11499: 11497: 11488: 11487: 11483: 11473: 11471: 11458: 11457: 11453: 11443: 11441: 11428: 11427: 11423: 11413: 11411: 11398: 11397: 11393: 11383: 11381: 11366: 11362: 11352: 11350: 11335: 11331: 11321: 11319: 11310: 11309: 11305: 11295: 11293: 11284: 11283: 11279: 11269: 11267: 11258: 11257: 11253: 11243: 11241: 11226: 11222: 11212: 11210: 11201: 11200: 11196: 11186: 11184: 11171: 11170: 11163: 11155: 11151: 11141: 11139: 11134:. Debian Wiki. 11128: 11124: 11114: 11112: 11099: 11098: 11094: 11078: 11077: 11070: 11068: 11055: 11051: 11041: 11039: 11024: 11020: 11010: 11008: 10993: 10989: 10983:Wayback Machine 10974: 10970: 10960: 10958: 10953: 10952: 10948: 10938: 10936: 10928: 10927: 10923: 10917:Wayback Machine 10907: 10903: 10893: 10891: 10887: 10876: 10872: 10871: 10867: 10857: 10855: 10846: 10845: 10841: 10831: 10829: 10814: 10807: 10797: 10795: 10784:"CVE-2008-0166" 10782: 10781: 10777: 10767: 10765: 10756: 10755: 10751: 10741: 10739: 10726: 10725: 10721: 10711: 10709: 10700: 10699: 10695: 10685: 10683: 10670: 10669: 10665: 10655: 10653: 10644: 10643: 10639: 10630: 10628: 10619: 10618: 10614: 10604: 10602: 10584: 10580: 10570: 10568: 10559: 10558: 10554: 10544: 10542: 10533: 10532: 10528: 10518: 10516: 10507: 10506: 10502: 10492: 10490: 10477: 10476: 10472: 10462: 10460: 10451: 10450: 10446: 10436: 10434: 10427:Debian LTS Team 10421: 10420: 10416: 10406: 10404: 10395: 10394: 10390: 10380: 10378: 10367: 10363: 10353: 10351: 10342: 10341: 10337: 10327: 10325: 10310: 10306: 10296: 10294: 10285: 10284: 10280: 10270: 10268: 10255: 10254: 10250: 10240: 10238: 10233:. Debian Wiki. 10227: 10223: 10213: 10211: 10198: 10197: 10193: 10183: 10181: 10172: 10171: 10167: 10157: 10155: 10142: 10141: 10137: 10127: 10125: 10112: 10111: 10104: 10094: 10092: 10085:debian-newmaint 10077: 10073: 10063: 10061: 10054:debian-newmaint 10046: 10042: 10032: 10030: 10023:debian-newmaint 10015: 10011: 10001: 9999: 9992:debian-newmaint 9984: 9980: 9970: 9968: 9961:debian-newmaint 9953: 9949: 9941: 9937: 9927: 9925: 9916: 9915: 9911: 9902: 9900: 9899:on July 6, 2014 9891: 9890: 9886: 9876: 9874: 9859: 9855: 9845: 9843: 9834: 9833: 9829: 9819: 9817: 9816:on May 29, 2008 9813: 9802: 9796: 9792: 9782: 9780: 9771: 9770: 9766: 9756: 9754: 9739: 9735: 9727: 9723: 9713: 9711: 9696: 9692: 9682: 9680: 9667: 9666: 9662: 9652: 9650: 9637: 9636: 9632: 9622: 9620: 9611: 9610: 9606: 9596: 9594: 9585: 9584: 9580: 9570: 9568: 9559: 9558: 9554: 9544: 9542: 9533: 9532: 9528: 9518: 9516: 9507: 9506: 9502: 9492: 9490: 9481: 9480: 9476: 9466: 9464: 9455: 9454: 9450: 9442: 9438: 9428: 9426: 9413: 9412: 9408: 9399: 9397: 9384: 9383: 9379: 9369: 9367: 9362:. 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Debian Wiki. 9070: 9066: 9056: 9054: 9043: 9039: 9029: 9027: 9014: 9013: 9009: 8999: 8997: 8993: 8992: 8988: 8978: 8976: 8969:debian-embedded 8961: 8957: 8947: 8945: 8930: 8923: 8913: 8911: 8906: 8905: 8898: 8888: 8886: 8873: 8872: 8868: 8858: 8856: 8843: 8842: 8838: 8828: 8826: 8813: 8812: 8799: 8789: 8787: 8774: 8773: 8766: 8756: 8754: 8750: 8743: 8734: 8730: 8720: 8718: 8703: 8702: 8698: 8690: 8686: 8676: 8674: 8665: 8664: 8660: 8647: 8646: 8642: 8632: 8630: 8621: 8620: 8616: 8606: 8604: 8595: 8594: 8590: 8580: 8578: 8569: 8568: 8564: 8554: 8552: 8543: 8542: 8538: 8528: 8526: 8513: 8512: 8505: 8495: 8493: 8484: 8483: 8479: 8469: 8467: 8466:on July 4, 2014 8454: 8453: 8449: 8439: 8437: 8422: 8418: 8405: 8403: 8390: 8389: 8385: 8375: 8373: 8358: 8354: 8344: 8342: 8329: 8328: 8324: 8316: 8309: 8299: 8297: 8284: 8283: 8279: 8269: 8267: 8254: 8253: 8249: 8239: 8237: 8228: 8227: 8223: 8213: 8211: 8202: 8201: 8192: 8182: 8180: 8171: 8170: 8166: 8156: 8154: 8137: 8133: 8123: 8121: 8112: 8111: 8100: 8090: 8088: 8075: 8074: 8067: 8057: 8055: 8038: 8031: 8021: 8019: 8010: 8009: 8005: 7995: 7993: 7978: 7974: 7964: 7962: 7947: 7943: 7930: 7928: 7910: 7906: 7896: 7894: 7885: 7884: 7880: 7870: 7868: 7859: 7858: 7854: 7844: 7842: 7829: 7828: 7819: 7809: 7807: 7794: 7793: 7762: 7752: 7750: 7741: 7740: 7736: 7726: 7724: 7715: 7714: 7703: 7693: 7691: 7682: 7681: 7677: 7667: 7665: 7656: 7655: 7651: 7641: 7639: 7630: 7629: 7625: 7615: 7613: 7596: 7592: 7582: 7580: 7567: 7566: 7562: 7552: 7550: 7545: 7544: 7540: 7530: 7528: 7519: 7518: 7514: 7504: 7502: 7489: 7488: 7477: 7467: 7465: 7452: 7451: 7447: 7438: 7436: 7427: 7426: 7422: 7412: 7410: 7401: 7400: 7396: 7383: 7381: 7364: 7360: 7351: 7349: 7336: 7335: 7328: 7318: 7316: 7307: 7306: 7302: 7292: 7290: 7281: 7280: 7276: 7266: 7264: 7255: 7254: 7245: 7235: 7233: 7226:"Debian on CDs" 7224: 7223: 7219: 7209: 7207: 7198: 7197: 7193: 7183: 7181: 7164:(May 5, 2012). 7159: 7155: 7145: 7143: 7134: 7133: 7129: 7119: 7117: 7102: 7098: 7082: 7081: 7074: 7072: 7059: 7055: 7045: 7043: 7026: 7022: 7012: 7010: 7001: 7000: 6996: 6986: 6984: 6979:. Debian Wiki. 6973: 6969: 6959: 6957: 6948: 6947: 6943: 6933: 6931: 6922: 6921: 6917: 6907: 6905: 6896: 6895: 6891: 6881: 6879: 6864: 6860: 6850: 6848: 6833: 6829: 6819: 6817: 6799: 6795: 6785: 6783: 6774: 6773: 6769: 6759: 6757: 6744: 6743: 6739: 6729: 6727: 6718: 6717: 6713: 6703: 6701: 6692: 6691: 6687: 6677: 6675: 6674:on June 4, 2014 6658: 6657: 6653: 6643: 6641: 6632: 6631: 6627: 6617: 6615: 6610:. 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4484: 4482: 4456:Murdock, Ian A. 4453: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4424: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4407: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4361: 4359: 4350: 4349: 4345: 4335: 4333: 4324: 4323: 4316: 4299: 4298: 4287: 4277: 4275: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4232: 4231: 4224: 4214: 4212: 4203: 4202: 4198: 4189: 4188: 4184: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4160: 4158: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4133: 4121: 4117: 4112: 4064: 4059: 4057: 4050: 4043: 4040: 3969: 3903: 3901:Debian GNU/Hurd 3880: 3874: 3838:, developed by 3828: 3820:US$ 1.6 billion 3819: 3800: 3797: 3746: 3704: 3687: 3581:It has been in 3536: 3535: 3534: 3406: 3370: 3342: 3341: 3337: 3336: 3335:Jonathan Carter 3332: 3331: 3327: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3298: 3297: 3293: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3275: 3269: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3256: 3252: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 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849: 835: 829: 819: 813: 779: 773: 706: 673:Hewlett-Packard 638: 630:Debian GNU/Hurd 592:social contract 535: 509: 503: 498: 368: 364: 341: 280: 239: 230: 187:Package manager 179:rolling release 142: 140: 137: 122: 120: 117: 113:Initial release 65: 33: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13639: 13629: 13628: 13623: 13618: 13613: 13608: 13603: 13598: 13593: 13588: 13583: 13578: 13561: 13560: 13558: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13542: 13537: 13532: 13527: 13522: 13517: 13512: 13507: 13502: 13497: 13492: 13487: 13482: 13477: 13472: 13467: 13462: 13457: 13452: 13447: 13442: 13437: 13432: 13426: 13424: 13420: 13419: 13417: 13416: 13411: 13404: 13402: 13398: 13397: 13390: 13389: 13382: 13375: 13367: 13358: 13357: 13355: 13354: 13344: 13334: 13322: 13311: 13308: 13307: 13304: 13303: 13301: 13300: 13295: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13264: 13263: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13238: 13233: 13228: 13223: 13222: 13221: 13211: 13209:Familiar Linux 13206: 13201: 13196: 13190: 13188: 13184: 13183: 13181: 13180: 13174: 13172: 13166: 13165: 13163: 13162: 13157: 13152: 13147: 13142: 13137: 13132: 13127: 13121: 13119: 13113: 13112: 13110: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13089: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13054: 13048: 13046: 13036: 13035: 13033: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13016: 13014: 13008: 13007: 13005: 13004: 12999: 12994: 12989: 12984: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12964: 12959: 12954: 12949: 12942: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12906: 12901: 12896: 12889: 12887: 12881: 12880: 12878: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12861: 12859: 12850: 12844: 12843: 12841: 12840: 12835: 12830: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12795: 12790: 12785: 12784: 12783: 12773: 12771:Clear Linux OS 12768: 12763: 12758: 12753: 12747: 12745: 12741: 12740: 12738: 12737: 12736: 12735: 12730: 12729: 12728: 12712: 12710: 12704: 12703: 12701: 12700: 12695: 12690: 12685: 12680: 12678:Austrumi Linux 12674: 12672: 12666: 12665: 12663: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12647: 12642: 12636: 12634: 12628: 12627: 12625: 12624: 12619: 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Steve Kemp. 10526: 10500: 10470: 10444: 10414: 10388: 10361: 10335: 10304: 10278: 10248: 10221: 10191: 10165: 10135: 10102: 10071: 10040: 10009: 9978: 9947: 9935: 9909: 9884: 9853: 9827: 9790: 9764: 9733: 9721: 9704:debian-project 9690: 9660: 9630: 9604: 9578: 9552: 9526: 9500: 9474: 9448: 9446:, p. 143. 9436: 9406: 9377: 9350: 9324: 9297: 9271: 9245: 9215: 9185: 9152: 9122: 9099:Brown, Silas. 9091: 9064: 9037: 9007: 8986: 8955: 8921: 8896: 8866: 8836: 8797: 8764: 8728: 8696: 8684: 8658: 8640: 8614: 8588: 8562: 8536: 8515:"Debian logos" 8503: 8477: 8447: 8416: 8383: 8352: 8322: 8320:, Section 1.6. 8307: 8277: 8247: 8221: 8190: 8164: 8131: 8098: 8065: 8029: 8003: 7972: 7941: 7904: 7878: 7852: 7817: 7760: 7734: 7701: 7675: 7649: 7623: 7590: 7560: 7538: 7512: 7475: 7445: 7420: 7394: 7358: 7326: 7300: 7274: 7243: 7217: 7191: 7153: 7127: 7096: 7068:Linux Magazine 7053: 7020: 6994: 6967: 6941: 6915: 6889: 6858: 6827: 6793: 6767: 6737: 6711: 6685: 6651: 6625: 6599: 6566: 6540: 6511: 6484: 6453: 6422: 6395: 6384:on May 4, 1999 6365: 6335: 6309: 6283: 6266:www.debian.org 6253: 6227: 6205: 6179: 6153: 6123: 6097: 6071: 6045: 6016: 5987: 5961: 5930: 5900: 5874: 5848: 5822: 5791: 5760: 5729: 5699: 5672: 5650: 5619: 5608:(Mailing list) 5589: 5558: 5527: 5515: 5484: 5453: 5417: 5405: 5369: 5339: 5306: 5273: 5261: 5228: 5197: 5171: 5140: 5123:debian-project 5109: 5107:, p. 141. 5097: 5068: 5033: 5002: 4968: 4934: 4898: 4880: 4846: 4834: 4822: 4781: 4736: 4699: 4665: 4644:"Release-0.91" 4635: 4602: 4587: 4562: 4535: 4516: 4508:O'Reilly Media 4492: 4447: 4417: 4387: 4369: 4343: 4314: 4285: 4255: 4222: 4196: 4182: 4168: 4141: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4055: 4039: 4036: 3968: 3965: 3902: 3899: 3894:Debian Science 3876:Main article: 3873: 3870: 3840:Canonical Ltd. 3827: 3824: 3796: 3793: 3703: 3700: 3686: 3683: 3630:perpetual beta 3618: 3617: 3614: 3607: 3600: 3593: 3586: 3532: 3529: 3528: 3526: 3522: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3494: 3492: 3488: 3487: 3484: 3481: 3478: 3477: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3467: 3464: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3453: 3450: 3447: 3444: 3443: 3441: 3437: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3408: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3397: 3396: 3393: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3369: 3366: 3348: 3347: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3317: 3316: 3312: 3311: 3308:Lucas Nussbaum 3307: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3296:Steve McIntyre 3295: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3283: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3240: 3239: 3233: 3232: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2898: 2891: 2884: 2873: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2856:Schulze method 2816: 2815: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2782: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2769: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2756: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2704: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2678: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2652: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2639: 2638: 2635: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2600: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2587: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2548: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2522: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2496: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2463: 2462: 2455: 2442: 2421: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2380: 2377: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2233: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2219: 2214: 2213: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2198:, a low-power 2143: 2142: 2135: 2128: 2121: 2111: 2108: 2085: 2079: 2073: 2062: 2055: 2046:distribution: 2040: 2039: 2036: 2030: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2002: 1996: 1984:armel: Little- 1982: 1979: 1949: 1946: 1926:z/Architecture 1922:swap partition 1912: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1894: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1877: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1856: 1842: 1839: 1821:Buzz Lightyear 1766: 1763: 1721:point releases 1709: 1706: 1698: 1697: 1687: 1673: 1651: 1650: 1623: 1590: 1518: 1515: 1514: 1513: 1499: 1489: 1479: 1462: 1459: 1408: 1405: 1397:GNOME Software 1369: 1366: 1365: 1364: 1346: 1338: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1288: 1285: 1269: 1261: 1254: 1251: 1161: 1158: 1133: 1130: 1108: 1105: 1028: 1025: 1004: 1001: 917: 914: 705: 702: 698:Canonical Ltd. 637: 634: 534: 531: 505:Main article: 502: 499: 497: 494: 356: 355: 339: 335: 334: 328: 322: 321: 320: 319: 297: 291: 283: 281:user interface 275: 274: 269: 263: 262: 252: 245: 244: 197: 193: 192: 189: 183: 182: 172: 168: 167: 164: 158: 157: 156:deb.debian.org 154: 148: 147: 134: 132:Latest release 128: 127: 114: 110: 109: 104: 100: 99: 96: 92: 91: 81: 77: 76: 73: 67: 66: 55: 47: 46: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13638: 13627: 13624: 13622: 13619: 13617: 13614: 13612: 13609: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13599: 13597: 13594: 13592: 13589: 13587: 13584: 13582: 13581:1993 software 13579: 13577: 13574: 13573: 13571: 13556: 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13543: 13541: 13538: 13536: 13533: 13531: 13528: 13526: 13523: 13521: 13518: 13516: 13513: 13511: 13508: 13506: 13503: 13501: 13498: 13496: 13493: 13491: 13488: 13486: 13483: 13481: 13478: 13476: 13473: 13471: 13468: 13466: 13463: 13461: 13458: 13456: 13453: 13451: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13433: 13431: 13428: 13427: 13425: 13421: 13415: 13412: 13409: 13406: 13405: 13403: 13399: 13395: 13388: 13383: 13381: 13376: 13374: 13369: 13368: 13365: 13353: 13345: 13343: 13339: 13335: 13333: 13328: 13323: 13321: 13313: 13312: 13309: 13299: 13296: 13294: 13291: 13289: 13286: 13284: 13281: 13279: 13276: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13266: 13262: 13259: 13258: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13237: 13234: 13232: 13229: 13227: 13224: 13220: 13217: 13216: 13215: 13212: 13210: 13207: 13205: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13192: 13191: 13189: 13185: 13179: 13176: 13175: 13173: 13171: 13167: 13161: 13158: 13156: 13155:TopologiLinux 13153: 13151: 13148: 13146: 13143: 13141: 13138: 13136: 13133: 13131: 13128: 13126: 13123: 13122: 13120: 13118: 13114: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13090: 13088: 13087:Red Hat Linux 13085: 13083: 13080: 13078: 13075: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13060: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13049: 13047: 13045: 13041: 13037: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13025:Sabayon Linux 13023: 13021: 13018: 13017: 13015: 13013: 13009: 13003: 13000: 12998: 12995: 12993: 12990: 12988: 12985: 12983: 12980: 12978: 12975: 12973: 12972:Feather Linux 12970: 12968: 12965: 12963: 12960: 12958: 12955: 12953: 12950: 12948: 12944: 12943: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12895: 12891: 12890: 12888: 12886: 12882: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12862: 12860: 12858: 12854: 12851: 12849: 12845: 12839: 12836: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12819: 12816: 12814: 12811: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12789: 12786: 12782: 12779: 12778: 12777: 12774: 12772: 12769: 12767: 12766:Chimera Linux 12764: 12762: 12759: 12757: 12754: 12752: 12749: 12748: 12746: 12742: 12734: 12731: 12727: 12724: 12723: 12722: 12719: 12718: 12717: 12714: 12713: 12711: 12709: 12705: 12699: 12696: 12694: 12691: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12675: 12673: 12671: 12667: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12641: 12638: 12637: 12635: 12633: 12629: 12623: 12620: 12616: 12613: 12612: 12611: 12608: 12606: 12603: 12602: 12600: 12598: 12594: 12588: 12585: 12583: 12580: 12578: 12575: 12573: 12570: 12568: 12565: 12563: 12560: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12548: 12547:MIRACLE LINUX 12545: 12543: 12540: 12538: 12537:CentOS Stream 12535: 12533: 12530: 12528: 12525: 12524: 12522: 12520: 12516: 12506: 12503: 12501: 12498: 12496: 12493: 12491: 12488: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12457: 12455: 12452: 12450: 12447: 12445: 12442: 12440: 12437: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12427: 12425: 12422: 12420: 12417: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12407: 12405: 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12390: 12389:BlankOn Linux 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12371: 12369: 12365: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12349: 12346: 12344: 12341: 12339: 12336: 12334: 12331: 12329: 12328:Peppermint OS 12326: 12324: 12321: 12319: 12316: 12314: 12311: 12309: 12306: 12304: 12301: 12299: 12296: 12294: 12291: 12289: 12288:elementary OS 12286: 12284: 12281: 12279: 12276:Derivatives: 12275: 12274: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12260:Ubuntu Studio 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12240:Ubuntu Budgie 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12222: 12221: 12219: 12217: 12213: 12210: 12208: 12204: 12198: 12195: 12193:(3.0 onwards) 12192: 12189: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12177: 12174: 12172: 12171:Hyperbola GNU 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12149: 12147: 12144: 12142: 12139: 12138: 12136: 12134: 12130: 12124: 12121: 12119: 12116: 12114: 12111: 12109: 12106: 12104: 12101: 12099: 12096: 12094: 12091: 12089: 12086: 12084: 12081: 12079: 12076: 12074: 12071: 12069: 12066: 12064: 12061: 12059: 12056: 12054: 12051: 12049: 12046: 12044: 12041: 12040: 12038: 12036: 12032: 12028: 12021: 12016: 12014: 12009: 12007: 12002: 12001: 11998: 11986: 11985: 11980: 11976: 11974: 11973: 11964: 11962: 11961: 11952: 11950: 11949: 11938: 11936: 11935: 11930: 11924: 11923: 11920: 11916: 11912: 11908: 11902: 11899: 11896: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11884: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11872: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11863: 11861: 11857: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11833: 11831: 11827: 11821: 11818: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11807: 11805: 11801: 11798: 11794: 11788: 11785: 11783: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11772:Jonathan Oxer 11770: 11768: 11765: 11763: 11760: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11739: 11737: 11733: 11728: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11694: 11692: 11688: 11684: 11679: 11675: 11668: 11663: 11661: 11656: 11654: 11649: 11648: 11645: 11639: 11636:Fosdem 2022, 11635: 11633: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11620: 11616: 11613: 11610: 11607: 11601: 11596: 11595: 11585: 11579: 11575: 11574: 11568: 11557: 11551: 11547: 11546: 11540: 11536: 11530: 11525: 11524: 11517: 11516: 11495: 11491: 11485: 11469: 11465: 11461: 11455: 11439: 11435: 11431: 11425: 11409: 11405: 11401: 11395: 11379: 11375: 11371: 11364: 11348: 11344: 11340: 11333: 11317: 11313: 11307: 11291: 11287: 11281: 11270:September 10, 11265: 11261: 11255: 11239: 11235: 11234:debian-blends 11231: 11224: 11208: 11204: 11198: 11182: 11178: 11174: 11168: 11166: 11158: 11153: 11137: 11133: 11126: 11110: 11106: 11102: 11096: 11088: 11082: 11081:cite magazine 11066: 11065: 11060: 11053: 11037: 11033: 11029: 11022: 11006: 11002: 10998: 10991: 10984: 10980: 10977: 10972: 10956: 10950: 10935: 10932:. Black Duck 10931: 10925: 10918: 10914: 10911: 10905: 10886: 10882: 10875: 10869: 10853: 10849: 10843: 10828: 10827: 10822: 10818: 10812: 10810: 10793: 10789: 10785: 10779: 10763: 10759: 10753: 10737: 10733: 10729: 10723: 10707: 10703: 10697: 10681: 10677: 10673: 10667: 10651: 10647: 10641: 10626: 10622: 10616: 10600: 10596: 10592: 10588: 10582: 10566: 10562: 10556: 10540: 10536: 10530: 10514: 10510: 10504: 10488: 10484: 10480: 10474: 10458: 10454: 10448: 10432: 10428: 10424: 10418: 10407:September 27, 10402: 10398: 10392: 10376: 10372: 10365: 10349: 10345: 10339: 10323: 10319: 10315: 10308: 10292: 10288: 10282: 10266: 10262: 10258: 10252: 10236: 10232: 10225: 10209: 10205: 10201: 10195: 10179: 10175: 10169: 10153: 10149: 10145: 10139: 10123: 10119: 10115: 10109: 10107: 10090: 10086: 10082: 10075: 10059: 10055: 10051: 10044: 10028: 10024: 10020: 10013: 9997: 9993: 9989: 9982: 9966: 9962: 9958: 9951: 9945:, p. 13. 9944: 9939: 9923: 9919: 9913: 9898: 9894: 9888: 9872: 9868: 9864: 9857: 9841: 9837: 9831: 9812: 9808: 9801: 9794: 9778: 9774: 9768: 9752: 9748: 9744: 9737: 9731:, p. 34. 9730: 9725: 9709: 9705: 9701: 9694: 9678: 9674: 9670: 9664: 9648: 9644: 9640: 9634: 9618: 9614: 9608: 9592: 9588: 9582: 9566: 9562: 9556: 9540: 9536: 9530: 9514: 9510: 9504: 9488: 9484: 9478: 9462: 9458: 9452: 9445: 9440: 9424: 9420: 9416: 9410: 9395: 9391: 9387: 9381: 9365: 9361: 9354: 9338: 9334: 9328: 9312: 9308: 9301: 9285: 9281: 9275: 9259: 9255: 9249: 9233: 9229: 9225: 9219: 9203: 9199: 9195: 9189: 9173: 9169: 9165: 9159: 9157: 9140: 9136: 9132: 9126: 9110: 9106: 9105:Linux Gazette 9102: 9095: 9079: 9075: 9068: 9052: 9048: 9041: 9025: 9021: 9017: 9011: 8996: 8990: 8974: 8970: 8966: 8959: 8943: 8939: 8935: 8928: 8926: 8909: 8903: 8901: 8884: 8880: 8876: 8870: 8854: 8850: 8846: 8840: 8824: 8820: 8816: 8810: 8808: 8806: 8804: 8802: 8785: 8781: 8777: 8771: 8769: 8749: 8742: 8738: 8732: 8716: 8712: 8709:(Billboard). 8708: 8707: 8700: 8694:, p. 66. 8693: 8688: 8672: 8668: 8662: 8654: 8650: 8644: 8628: 8624: 8618: 8602: 8598: 8592: 8576: 8572: 8571:"Logo credit" 8566: 8550: 8546: 8540: 8524: 8520: 8516: 8510: 8508: 8491: 8487: 8481: 8465: 8461: 8457: 8451: 8435: 8431: 8427: 8420: 8413: 8401: 8397: 8393: 8387: 8371: 8367: 8363: 8356: 8340: 8336: 8332: 8326: 8319: 8314: 8312: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8281: 8265: 8261: 8257: 8251: 8235: 8231: 8225: 8209: 8205: 8199: 8197: 8195: 8178: 8174: 8168: 8152: 8148: 8147: 8142: 8135: 8119: 8115: 8109: 8107: 8105: 8103: 8086: 8082: 8078: 8072: 8070: 8053: 8049: 8048: 8043: 8036: 8034: 8022:September 28, 8017: 8013: 8007: 7991: 7987: 7983: 7976: 7960: 7956: 7952: 7945: 7938: 7926: 7922: 7918: 7914: 7908: 7892: 7888: 7882: 7866: 7862: 7856: 7840: 7836: 7832: 7826: 7824: 7822: 7805: 7801: 7797: 7791: 7789: 7787: 7785: 7783: 7781: 7779: 7777: 7775: 7773: 7771: 7769: 7767: 7765: 7748: 7744: 7738: 7722: 7718: 7712: 7710: 7708: 7706: 7689: 7685: 7679: 7663: 7659: 7653: 7637: 7633: 7627: 7611: 7607: 7606: 7601: 7594: 7578: 7574: 7570: 7564: 7548: 7542: 7526: 7522: 7516: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7463: 7459: 7455: 7449: 7434: 7430: 7424: 7408: 7404: 7398: 7391: 7379: 7375: 7374: 7369: 7362: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7333: 7331: 7314: 7310: 7304: 7288: 7284: 7278: 7262: 7258: 7252: 7250: 7248: 7231: 7227: 7221: 7205: 7201: 7195: 7179: 7175: 7171: 7167: 7163: 7157: 7141: 7137: 7131: 7115: 7111: 7107: 7100: 7092: 7086: 7085:cite magazine 7070: 7069: 7064: 7057: 7041: 7037: 7036: 7031: 7024: 7008: 7004: 6998: 6982: 6978: 6971: 6955: 6951: 6945: 6929: 6925: 6919: 6903: 6899: 6893: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6862: 6846: 6842: 6838: 6831: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6803: 6797: 6781: 6777: 6771: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6741: 6725: 6721: 6715: 6699: 6695: 6689: 6673: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6655: 6639: 6635: 6629: 6613: 6609: 6603: 6587: 6583: 6582: 6577: 6570: 6554: 6550: 6544: 6528: 6524: 6518: 6516: 6499: 6495: 6488: 6472: 6468: 6464: 6457: 6441: 6437: 6433: 6426: 6410: 6406: 6399: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6369: 6353: 6349: 6345: 6339: 6323: 6319: 6313: 6297: 6293: 6287: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6257: 6241: 6237: 6231: 6215: 6209: 6193: 6189: 6183: 6167: 6163: 6157: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6127: 6111: 6107: 6101: 6085: 6081: 6075: 6059: 6055: 6049: 6033: 6029: 6023: 6021: 6004: 6000: 5994: 5992: 5975: 5971: 5965: 5954:September 12, 5949: 5945: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5918: 5914: 5910: 5904: 5888: 5884: 5878: 5863: 5859: 5852: 5836: 5832: 5826: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5795: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5764: 5748: 5744: 5740: 5733: 5717: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5687: 5683: 5676: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5654: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5623: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5593: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5562: 5546: 5542: 5538: 5531: 5524: 5519: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5488: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5457: 5441: 5437: 5436: 5431: 5427: 5421: 5414: 5409: 5393: 5389: 5388: 5383: 5379: 5373: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5343: 5327: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5310: 5294: 5290: 5289: 5284: 5277: 5271:, p. 33. 5270: 5265: 5249: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5232: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5201: 5185: 5181: 5175: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5144: 5128: 5124: 5120: 5113: 5106: 5101: 5085: 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