David Lange - Knowledge

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was a clapped-out two guinea legal-aid lawyer and the next minute I was in Parliament. The by-election of 77 saw to that ... I got there in terms of the Labour Party for all the wrong reasons, for all the reasons which weren't part of its tradition. I'd never been a tract writer; I'd never been a philosopher; I'd never taken part in extraordinary industrial dispute activism; I'd not been in any of that background, but I was able to mix it in what had become, conceived to be, the new front line of politics — the ability on television to convey confidence and assurance without saying anything. And that is very important...."

2524: 1969:; she had been forecast as the winner by initial vote counting. Tizard's near-win fuelled Lange's misgivings about the direction his government was taking. He commented, "That election night was a great revelation for me. That was an apprehension on my part that we had actually abandoned our constituency. And it set me to think what on earth have we done that we come within 400 votes of winning the true-blue seat of Remuera. And that struck me as being a dangerous flirtation, and an act of treachery to the people we were born to represent." 1809:"There is no humanity in the logic which holds that my country must be obliged to play host to nuclear weapons because others in the West are playing host to nuclear weapons. That is the logic which refuses to admit that there is any alternative to nuclear weapons, when plainly there is. It is self defeating logic, just as the weapons themselves are self defeating, to compel an ally to accept nuclear weapons against the wishes of that ally is to take the moral position of totalitarianism which allows for no self determination." 8560: 816: 2231:. In his valedictory speech, he reflected on the pain caused by his government's economic reforms: "I want to thank those people whose lives were wrecked by us. They had been taught for years they had the right to an endless treadmill of prosperity and assurance, and we did them. People over 60 hate me. They hate me because I was the symbol of what caused that assurance of support and security to be shattered. That is something that has always been part of my burden." His Labour Party colleague 56: 5811: 2446: 632: 1529: 653: 9038: 6205: 1855: 1779: 2116: 1766:, supported by a recommendation from the acting prime minister Geoffrey Palmer. The ship was not armed with nuclear weapons but was capable of carrying them. This displeased the United States; in response, all intelligence flow to New Zealand was stopped and joint military exercises were cancelled. In 1985, there were 22 programmed exercises cancelled or restructured, resulting in approximately 6,000 man-days of training being taken away. 1450: 2279:" plunged into this extraordinary awareness of a crisis in foreign exchange and reserves and having to take steps that were the absolute antithesis of anything that I would ever have expected the week before. If the people of New Zealand thought it was a bit odd, for me it was absolutely staggering.... I had thought of getting the agencies like the 1343:; Lange was "...halfway down the field .... which was better than I expected." Lange's father Roy, who was a doctor at Ōtāhuhu, had delivered Bassett. The two would later have strong disagreements, prompting Lange to remark, "My father had delivered him, and it became plain in later days that he must have dropped him." 2295:'s clear self-interest. But it was rendered unnecessary. He put on such an extraordinarily good performance of carrying on and saying I was introducing scorched earth policy. By the time Muldoon had finish a couple of television appearances, the general public was completely satisfied we were in a mess...." 2421:

article, and said that she had been told by her husband five or six months beforehand that he planned to leave the marriage. Lange's mother Phoebe also publicly criticised him, but they later reconciled. He had three children, Roy, Emily, and Byron, with his first wife Naomi, and one daughter, Edith,

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Upon coming to office, Lange's government was confronted by a severe balance of payments crisis, as a result of the deficits fuelled by Muldoon's imposition of a two-year freeze on wages and prices, and stubborn maintenance of an unsustainable exchange rate. Such economic conditions prompted Lange to

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However, the caucus re-elected Douglas to the Cabinet on 3 August 1989, and Lange interpreted this as a vote of no-confidence in his leadership. He tendered his resignation five days later on 8 August 1989. Lange became the first elected Labour Prime Minister who neither died in office nor was voted

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damaged confidence in the New Zealand economy, which went into a prolonged recession from December of that year, and remained so until June 1991. During that time unemployment skyrocketed 170%, the unemployment rate rose from 4.2% in the September 1987 quarter to 7.5% in the June 1989 quarter. Lange

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clear. Afterwards Amos had been arrested and charged with obstruction. He was convicted, but the conviction was overturned on appeal by Lange. Amos' protest instantly became a headline-grabbing piece of political drama, bringing public attention to the anti-nuclear issue. Lange was inspired by Amos'

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disorder. He underwent extensive medical treatment for this condition. Although initially told he had only four months to live, Lange defied his doctors' expectations, and remained "optimistic" about his health. He entered hospital in Auckland in mid-July 2005 to undergo nightly peritoneal dialysis

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had: hers the principled, extremely hard-working, fearless really persistence in the face of all sorts of adversities and personal assaults. Whereas mine was some sort of divine roulette. Even entering into Parliament was not one of your created, structured planned-for episodes. I mean one minute I

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Lange's leadership abilities were mixed and at times contradictory. As one of the most media-capable New Zealand prime ministers, he was a quick-witted orator and able to speak inspirationally to topics, yet was sensitive to criticism and averse to conflict. He often became caught up in how he was

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There was never any question that New Zealand might use force to restore the democratically elected government, since we were not asked to intervene by its representatives and had we been, we did not have the military resources. I did however ask our military leaders to ready themselves to come to

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on 3 February 1983. Significant debate emerged within the Labour Party on the party's economic direction, following a paper by Roger Douglas to the party's policy council. Eventually a compromise was drafted by Geoffrey Palmer, which Lange described as "A manifesto which appealed to the right, the

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for the election, primarily due to disagreement between Douglas and Lange over the direction the government would take if re-elected. Lange sought to focus on social services in the second term, and declared in his victory speech, "I'm proud that we are now, in the next three years, going to seal

1953:. The government increased its share of the popular vote, although this may have been due to less vote splitting. Lange toured the country throughout the campaign and faced, for the first time, protests against his government, especially in provincial areas. Unusually, Labour did not produce a 2036:, a radical restructure of New Zealand's primary and secondary school education system. The Department of Education was downsized to become the Ministry of Education and have a supervisory role, education boards were abolished and parents at each school elected their own boards of trustees. 1428:

tried to remove Rowling as leader of the Labour Party. Following the coup attempt Lange resigned as deputy leader in January 1981 to offer himself for re-election as a vote of confidence. At Labour's first caucus meeting of the year he was re-elected as deputy leader. After Labour lost the

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introduced by Richard Prebble to introduce a nuclear-free zone. The timing of the election prevented Labour from creating a proper election platform, instead using the Palmer draft. Lange commented that the party went into the election with an unfinished argument for an economic policy.

4105:...and then came the stock market crash, and the advantage was taken of that, so while we won in '87, earlier this year, because we had the right policies, the stock market's crashed, now we must be further, farther, faster, we must sell more things, we must become more right wing. 2269:"You have to talk about why things happened the way they did. You can't actually explain my political life except by a series of situations rather than by some carefully constructed, rigidly progressed ascendancy. You could not imagine two more unlike rides to the top as I had and 2376:

said the information had already been released into the public arena and hence could not be retracted. The release of the document prompted a high-level inquiry to investigate how the top-secret report ended up in Lange's personal papers, in breach of security protocol. A

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for the deputy leadership. Lange succeeded in the challenge, narrowly defeating Tizard 20 votes to 18. In addition to becoming Deputy Leader of the Opposition, Lange became Shadow Attorney-General, Shadow Minister of Justice and Shadow Minister of Pacific Island Affairs.

4006:...it was quite blatantly, although I didn't express it at the time, to destabilise the thrust of the troika – Roger, Richard and David Caygill. And to emphasise the social policy aspect, to place a whole new focus of the meaning of this government, I took on education. 1076:. After his admission he spent months travelling across Australia, Asia and Britain. On 3 August 1968, he married Naomi Crampton. He gained a Master of Laws in 1970 with first-class honours, specialising in criminal law and medico-legal issues. Lange practised law in 1724:

On the role of Government Lange said "It is there to be the securer of its citizens' welfare. Where the market works well, it should be given its head. Where the market results in manifest inequity, or poor economic performance, the Government must get involved."

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Douglas also deregulated the finance markets, removing restrictions on interest rates, lending and foreign exchange. In March 1985, with Lange's blessing, the New Zealand dollar was floated. From 1 April 1987, several government departments were corporatised into

1706:, a traditionally National-supporting community. The loss of subsidies hit some farmers hard. Other changes brought criticism from many people in Labour's traditional supporter base. The Labour Party also lost support from many elderly people by introducing a 1699:, the Labour Party's president, was deliberately not invited to the summit, a sign of the speed and intolerant approach to opposition that would characterise Rogernomics. Douglas himself saw the summit as a theatrical preparation for his first budget. 965:, becoming, at the age of 41, New Zealand's youngest prime minister of the 20th century. Lange took various measures to deal with the economic problems he had inherited from the previous government. Some of the measures he took were controversial; the 1064:

in the role that would initially pay his way through university. The poor work conditions at the freezing works provided an opportunity to identify with the misery of fellow workers, and an appreciation for the impact of strikes on ordinary workers.

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Muldoon refused to follow Lange's instruction to devalue the currency, making the dollar's situation more untenable. Eventually on 19 July Muldoon relented, after his position as leader of the National party was threatened by members of his caucus.

1695:. The summit however was dominated by advocacy of radical economic reforms similar to what had been proposed by the Treasury Department, foreshadowing the Lange government's propensity to approach issues from a fundamentally economic standpoint. 2220:, and wrote in 1994: " stranger who saw the Australian flag and the New Zealand flag outside adjacent buildings would assume that some British hotel chain was advertising deluxe and standard rooms". Lange also expressed support for a 2519:

in Auckland on 13 August 2005, just five days after the publication and interview, and nine days after his 63rd birthday. He is buried at Waikaraka Cemetery and the headstone has the simple inscription "David Lange 1942 ~ 2005".

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as a lazy prime minister. In a 1998 judgment, and on appeal in 2000, the courts affirmed a new qualified privilege for the media to discuss politicians when expressing the criticisms as the "honest belief" of the author.

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In 1989 Lange announced in a brief press statement on 10 November that he was separating from his wife of 21 years. On 12 November Naomi Lange named his speech-writer, Margaret Pope (not to be confused with

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was overvalued and following the announcement of the snap election in June, traders started selling off the New Zealand dollar on the assumption that Labour would win the election and devalue the currency.

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Do you think if the election of 1984 had not been a snap election, there would have been time for the opposing forces within the party to have successfully blocked the reforms or to have severely limited

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for the leadership against Moore. Clark replaced Moore as Labour leader and made Lange Shadow Minister of Foreign Affairs and Shadow Minister of Racing. In 1991 and 1992 he wrote a Monday column in

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and announced that it would suspend its treaty obligations to New Zealand until the re-admission of U.S. Navy ships to New Zealand ports, characterising New Zealand as "a friend, but not an ally".

8946: 2224:, stating: "Do such things matter? They certainly do. We suffer in this country from a lack of emotional focus... New Zealand will become a republic just as Britain will be blurred into Europe". 9097: 1798:

debate in March 1985, Lange gained an extraordinary international reputation. Lange argued for the proposition that "Nuclear weapons are morally indefensible", in opposition to the American

1009:. He was the oldest of four children of Eric Roy Lange, a general practitioner and obstetrician and grandson of a German settler, and Phoebe Fysh Lange, who trained as a nurse in her native 9177: 1822: 990: 1927:

which legalised consensual sex of males 16 years and older and allowed them to enter into sexual relationships with one another without the fear of being prosecuted. On 1 August 1987, the

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noted with bitterness that Douglas took advantage of the crash to "rubbish" his stated ambitions to have the government focus on social policy, and push for more economic reforms.

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Lange's autobiography suggests that he admired his soft-spoken and dryly humorous father, while his demanding and sometimes overbearing mother tested his tolerance. His cousin

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of 1977. He became a prominent debater within parliament, and soon gained a reputation for cutting wit (sometimes directed against himself) and eloquence. Lange became the

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The David Lange Memorial (2008) in Ōtāhuhu features excerpts from Lange's 1977 maiden speech on its north side and from his 1985 Oxford Union debate on its south side.

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receivership. In fact I said so more or less publicly — let us get some external analysis of where we are rather than one which is tainted by my self-interest and by

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in his battle with end-stage kidney failure. On 2 August, he had his lower right leg amputated without a general anaesthetic, as a result of diabetes complications.

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ideas and their effect of introducing market mechanisms and notions of competition in the education system. Lange's appointment of businessman Brian Picot to head a

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into educational reform was taken as a sign of the government giving too much priority to economic and competitive concerns over the social aspect of education.

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espionage, and a threat by the United States to spy on New Zealand if it did not back down from its ban on nuclear ships. Archives New Zealand chief executive

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Levine, Stephen; Roberts, Nigel (2004). "Their Ways: A Comparative Assessment of New Zealand Prime Ministers and the News Media". In Clark, Margaret (ed.).

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Levine, Stephen; Roberts, Nigel (2004). "Their Ways: A Comparative Assessment of New Zealand Prime Ministers and the News Media". In Clark, Margaret (ed.).

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and banned all nuclear-capable ships from entering New Zealand waters. The United States regarded this legislation as a breach of treaty obligations under

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proposal. Douglas continued his campaign against Lange through public statements, the unauthorised release of cabinet papers and on 21 December 1988

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is a widely respected New Zealand potter. He has won numerous arts awards and has exhibited widely in New Zealand and overseas. Lange's third cousin

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party. He also fulfilled a campaign promise to deny New Zealand's port facilities to nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered vessels, making New Zealand a

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said the paper did not have the authority to access or print the report, and wrote to the paper revoking permission to publish it. In response, the

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against Lange's leadership in the Labour caucus. To date it is the only instance when a sitting Prime Minister has been challenged for leadership.

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In 1988 consensus on economic policy amongst the Labour leadership finally broke down, with Douglas resigning after Lange overruled his radical

1805:. Lange regarded his appearance at the Oxford Union as the high point of his career in politics. His speech included the memorable statement: 7982: 1923:

During Lange's first term in office, the Lange government implemented many social reforms. On 8 August 1986, the Lange government enacted the

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After the government was defeated in 1990, he was appointed Shadow Attorney-General by Moore. After Moore led Labour to narrow loss in the

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New Zealand's Response to the Aircraft Hijack Incident During the 1987 coup d'état in Fiji: A study of Civil-Military Relations in Crisis

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campaign by saying he "wanted to get out of bed and get a wheel-chair to Wellington" to stop any relaxation of his ban on nuclear ships.

2322: 1060:, and later changed from delivery-boy to collecting the money. The following year he delivered telegrams, before applying to work at the 785: 2003:

Lange was criticised for his reaction to the coups d'état in Fiji in May and September 1987. Later, in his autobiography, Lange stated:

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Lange and Douglas engaged in a rapid programme of deregulation and the removal of tariffs and subsidies. The first sector affected was

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Lange's government was re-elected at the August 1987 general election, the first time a Labour government had won a second term since

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and Auckland for some years, often giving legal representation to the most dispossessed members of Auckland society – he assisted the

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before she migrated to New Zealand. The family had lived in New Zealand for so long that the original pronunciation of their surname,

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who, Lange commented, "writes erudite obfuscation tempered by occasional attempts to explain the arcana of the health reforms."

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In 1961 he started a job as a law clerk at Haigh, Charters and Carthy, a role that had varied work and clients, including the

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appointed Lange Shadow Minister for Social Welfare. On 1 November 1979 Lange, after encouragement from parliamentary friends

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stand and following his example would later pass a law banning the visit by nuclear propelled or armed ships to New Zealand.

985:. He retired from parliament in 1996, and died in 2005 from renal failure and blood disease at the age of 63. Prime Minister 4852: 4776: 1028:

reflected that Roy "knew how to avoid trouble rather than confront it", and David developed a similar aversion to conflict.

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and the health problems it caused. By 1982 he weighed about 175 kilograms (27.6 st; 386 lb), and had surgery to

1377:. On becoming an MP, Lange quickly made an impression in the House as a debater, a wit, and the scourge of Prime Minister 9192: 8609: 8432: 8270: 7926: 7729: 6862: 6364: 6152: 5568: 5485: 4401: 3527:"Obituaries — Rt Hon David Russell Lange ONZ, CH, John Finlay Luxton QSO, Hon John Howard Falloon CNZM, Rod David Donald" 2567: 2559: 2305: 2188: 2156: 1978: 1640: 1425: 1324: 205: 173: 7522: 5656: 1359: 1158: 1084:(and, by extension, the Pacific Island community) to disseminate legal rights information and legal aid during the '70s 695: 394: 9072: 8886: 8876: 8871: 8574: 7975: 7121: 6034: 2571: 2152: 1915:

for three years. However, both spies were freed by May 1988, less than two years later, in violation of the agreement.

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newspaper a box of David Lange's previously classified documents. They revealed New Zealand's ongoing involvement in

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with his second wife Margaret. Lange married Margaret in Glasgow on 12 January 1992 while holidaying in Britain.

2060: 1687:". Their first move was to hold an Economic Summit on 14 September 1984, similar to the one held in Australia by 1684: 1347: 8659: 8544: 5465: 5431: 2500: 1362:. He saw off more experienced candidates (some of whom were former MPs) to win the Labour candidacy. He won the 9041: 9006: 8644: 8425: 7854: 6820: 6009: 5906: 5541: 5366: 4322: 4264: 2896: 2204: 2148: 1924: 1869: 1845: 1069: 1032: 865: 775: 770: 146: 1998: 8614: 7968: 7869: 7859: 7849: 7468: 7414: 5963: 5901: 5886: 5767: 5509: 5427: 4693: 4512: 4372: 2662: 2398: 2087: 2008:

the assistance of any New Zealand citizens who might be endangered, and I met with considerable obstruction.

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His speech also included an often-quoted statement made in response to a question posed by another debater:

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David Lange was sworn in as New Zealand's 32nd Prime Minister on 26 July 1984, becoming, at the age of 41,

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Lange worked from an early age and held a number of jobs; in the third form he performed a paper-round for

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over an alleged defamation that it broadcast about him. The ABC used the defence that there exists in the

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seen to perform and would often avoid confronting angry ministers by using a rear entrance. Despite being

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became a fellow Cabinet-minister. Bassett published a book in 2008 about the Lange government entitled

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The radical economic reforms had alienated much of the Labour Party, and it fractured; in April 1989

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the previous year, to create a feeling of consensus and to lay out the underlying problems in

1497:. However, before Lange was sworn in as Prime Minister a foreign exchange crisis arose, which 1110:. The cruiser was forced to stop mid-stream to allow grappling hooks to be thrown to pull the 8991: 8800: 8549: 8474: 8448: 7744: 7645: 6970: 6946: 6742: 6441: 6302: 6089: 5911: 5881: 4748: 4212: 3338: 2032: 1760: 1663:

The currency crisis and devaluation of the New Zealand dollar spurred on the reform drive of

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in New York City, 1984. His stand against nuclear weapons attracted international attention.

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Clements, Kevin (December 1988). "New Zealand's Role in Promoting a Nuclear-Free Pacific".

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had interviewed him just before he went into hospital. In his last interview, given to the

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Lange's declining health resulted in the bringing-forward of the publication of his memoir

2355: 32: 7754: 1883: 1385:, he suggested that New Zealand children had fewer rights than animals received under the 8: 8790: 8180: 5666: 4585: 4168: 3588: 3412: 3274: 2516: 2402: 2336: 2232: 2107:, Lange's political skills were judged to be poor by political scientist Stephen Levine. 2018: 1081: 927: 429: 5394: 2163:, which Labour lost by a landslide. Lange was re-elected at this election (and again in 8956: 8250: 7463: 6910: 6904: 6054: 5999: 5358: 5132: 5071: 3606: 1756: 1502: 20: 7960: 3335:

Dissertation: Whose Market Is It Anyways: Making Multiple Markets in the Welfare State

903:; 4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 32nd 8966: 8909: 8850: 8805: 8539: 8160: 8123: 8118: 7485: 7402: 7187: 6192: 5422: 5362: 5339: 5308: 5289: 5270: 5251: 5229: 4943: 4544: 4465: 4351: 4328: 4318: 4293: 4270: 4260: 4218: 4172: 4025: 3958: 3610: 3416: 3278: 3167: 2747: 2485: 2465: 2360: 2313: 1826: 1494: 974: 962: 7534: 4130:"The impact of education reforms from 1989:Summary of New Zealand education reforms" 3742: 3236: 1989:), and in accordance with his wishes to emphasise social policy in his second term. 1751:

Lange made his name on the international stage with his steadfast leadership in the

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During his first term of office as Prime Minister, Lange also held the position of

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Policy change, public attitudes and social citizenship: Does neoliberalism matter?

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to the need to compensate for his clumsiness during his intermediate school days.

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Lange then represented Mangere, a working-class Auckland electorate with a large

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succeeded Lange as Labour party leader and Prime Minister in 1989, Lange became

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In July 1976 Lange was involved in the legal defence of former cabinet minister

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The Ninth Floor: Inside the Prime Minister's Office – A Political Experience

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in 1960, where he graduated in law in 1966. He attributed his talents with

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Schouten, Hank (14 June 2007). "Politician turned into a Dr Livingstone".

2719: 1072:. On 13 March 1967 Lange was admitted as a barrister and solicitor of the 9016: 8840: 8740: 8730: 8361: 8336: 8265: 8230: 8155: 8098: 8037: 7749: 7635: 7611: 7575: 7541: 7259: 7235: 7223: 7211: 7193: 7181: 7127: 7009: 7000: 6982: 6844: 6832: 6808: 6495: 6453: 6372: 6332: 6318: 6167: 6119: 6109: 6059: 6029: 5896: 5649: 5455: 5409:

Audio recording of speech that "Nuclear Weapons are Morally Indefensible"

2684: 2607:"Sisterhood of the Raids: teine toa who led The Polynesian Panther Party" 2469: 2445: 2426: 2270: 2210: 2200: 1965:

came within 406 votes of winning the traditionally National-held seat of

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Advisory opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons

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left, the centre and the totally bewildered. It was, in fact, anodyne."

55: 9001: 8815: 8484: 8346: 8321: 8067: 8017: 7714: 7241: 6892: 6814: 6766: 6477: 6157: 5708: 3703:"New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987" 2575: 2284: 2180: 2128: 1873: 1854: 1413: 1389:, and complained of "appalling" rail service from Auckland to Mangere. 478: 5962: 2504:

from his hospital bed, he made a potent intervention in New Zealand's

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New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987

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those gains, in health and education and social welfare progress."

1890:. In June 1986 Lange obtained a political deal with France over the 1449: 1017:, "had all but been forgotten"; Lange himself would pronounce it as 8175: 7774: 6172: 2068: 1010: 1006: 923: 494: 461: 2401:

in England. He was deeply influenced by Soper's interpretation of

2123:

During his tenure as Prime Minister, Lange engaged in competitive

1095:

after he protested the visit of the 20,000 tonne American cruiser

7307: 4513:"David Lange's valedictory speech in Parliament: August 22, 1996" 4461: 4425: 3928: 3872: 3452: 3380: 2746:(e-book ed.). Auckland: Hachette New Zealand. p. 2000. 2468:

and kidney disorders. In 2002, doctors diagnosed Lange as having

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of the 20th century, a record later surpassed by only one other,

9168:

Unsuccessful candidates in the 1975 New Zealand general election

5149:"Queen's Birthday Honours: David Lange gratified at recognition" 1865:

Relations with France became strained when French agents of the

1728: 1031:

Lange received his formal education at Fairburn Primary School,

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The David Lange Memorial Trust erected a memorial sculpture by

1710: 1331:

suggested that Lange should stand on the Labour ticket for the

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New Zealand members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom

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in 1980 in Douglas' office; Bassett, Douglas, Lange and Moore"

2393:

family. In the 1960s he worked alongside Methodist theologian

2247:

board member and served as the organisation's Vice-President.

2170: 1830: 1785:(David Lange at the Oxford Union debate, 1 March 1985), from 9178:

New Zealand Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour

2326:). The case was later settled on terms favourable to Lange. 2227:

In failing health, Lange retired from Parliament before the

5402: 5176:. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 2 June 2003 2030:

As Minister of Education, Lange pushed the introduction of

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International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

5288:. Wellington: Jonathon Hudson & Associates; GP Print. 4167:. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. pp. 3411:. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. pp. 1420:

In 1980 Lange and a group consisting of Douglas, Bassett,

961:

called an election for July 1984 Lange led his party to a

881: 8490:

International Association of Lawyers against Nuclear Arms

4889: 3237:"Economic history – Government and market liberalisation" 2695: 2574:, the country's highest civil honour. He turned down the 2320:

found against them, reversing the then existing law (see

2090:, taking approximately one third of Labour's membership. 5336:

At the turning point: my political life with David Lange

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succeeded him as the member for the Mangere electorate.

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did not always conform to traditional expectations of a

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that is customarily offered to former prime ministers.

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in Ōtāhuhu, which was unveiled by the Governor-General

2449:

A caricature sculpture of Lange highlighting his weight

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in 2010 covers the accidental release of the document.

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in the new government. These reforms were soon dubbed '

5226:

Gliding on the Lino: The wit and wisdom of David Lange

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New Zealand's 32nd Prime Minister David Russell LANGE

4984: 4495: 4493: 3480: 3349: 3216: 3180: 3129: 3114: 3019: 2765: 2763: 2254:(published on 3 July 2004) the reporter asked Lange: 2155:

and a Minister of State. Palmer was then replaced by

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Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents

4032: 3718:"United States and New Zealand – Nuclear-free 1980s" 3682: 3567: 3141: 2415:

Margaret Pope (journalist and anticolonial activist)

1713:

after having promised not to reduce superannuation.

926:

of the 1970s. After serving as legal advisor to the

878: 9088:

Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives

5355:

Revolution:New Zealand from Fortress to Free Market

4049: 4047: 3957:. Auckland: Auckland University Press. p. 74. 3700: 3361: 2916: 2904: 2825: 2775: 1683:remark: "We ended up being run very similarly to a 1485:Lange led Labour to a landslide victory, helped by 875: 5471:Personal Reflections Of South Auckland's Statesman 4694:"Inquiry into spying file found in Lange's papers" 4638:"Lange's secret papers reveal USA's bully tactics" 4490: 4478: 4160: 3657: 3655: 3404: 3262: 2760: 2339:Joe Atkinson for representing him in the magazine 8495:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons 4458:Temple's Guide to the 44th New Zealand Parliament 3337:. University of California, Berkeley. p. 1. 3163:The ANZUS Crisis, Nuclear Visiting and Deterrence 3055:"Party Deputy Leader Will Quit To Test Support". 2191:, at the 1992 valedictory dinner, Wellington Club 2039:The reforms were criticised for the influence of 1005:, a small industrial borough since absorbed into 9054: 9012:Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 4910:"I'd rather lose a leg than my life, says Lange" 4350:. Palmerston North: Dunmore Press. p. 260. 4292:. Palmerston North: Dunmore Press. p. 245. 4044: 4017: 2707: 2511:Lange died of complications associated with his 1977:Following the 1987 election, Lange made himself 918:, and represented poor and struggling people in 5136:(2nd supplement). 30 December 1989. p. 29. 4059:Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment 3652: 3622: 3620: 2564:Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour 16:Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989 4967:"Ailing Lange still has strong voice on nukes" 3794:"Te reo Māori recognised as official language" 3716:Ayson, Robert; Phillips, Jock (20 June 2012). 2893: 2139: 1825:. This Act effectively declared New Zealand a 8433: 7976: 6233: 5948: 5741: 4691: 4345: 4287: 3715: 3629:Sound: Oxford Union debate on nuclear weapons 3584: 3582: 1729:International affairs and nuclear-free policy 1513: 1441:) succeeded in their second attempt in 1983. 834: 6247: 5248:Working with David: Inside the Lange Cabinet 4997:. David Lange Memorial Trust. Archived from 4134:New Zealand Council for Educational Research 3756:: 215–284, especially p. 275. 30 April 1990. 3617: 2744:Working with David: Inside the Lange Cabinet 2435:Working With David: Inside the Lange Cabinet 5964:Premiers and prime ministers of New Zealand 5917:Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation 5438:by political correspondent John Armstrong, 4777:"David Lange, 63, Is Dead; Led New Zealand" 4749:"David Lange: New Zealand's Prime Minister" 4635: 4611:"David Lange, defamation and media freedom" 4407:"David Lange: NZ Prime Minister races cars" 4011: 3547:"USS Buchanan refused entry to New Zealand" 3166:. Cambridge University Press. p. 101. 2464:In the 1990s Lange's health declined, with 2323:Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1444: 786:Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation 8440: 8426: 7983: 7969: 6240: 6226: 5955: 5941: 5748: 5734: 4742: 4740: 4720:"Wikileak: Lange's Last Laugh – 16/1/2006" 3668:Public Address: Great New Zealand argument 3664:"Nuclear Weapons are Morally Indefensible" 3579: 3535:. New Zealand Parliament. 9 November 2005. 3201: 2440: 2171:Opposition and resignation from parliament 1527: 841: 827: 54: 8447: 5046:"David Lange Memorial gifted to Auckland" 4907: 4717: 4257:Two Titans: Muldoon, Lange and Leadership 4254: 4159:Fiske, Edward B.; Ladd, Helen F. (2000). 4158: 4152: 3403:Fiske, Edward B.; Ladd, Helen F. (2000). 3402: 3261:Fiske, Edward B.; Ladd, Helen F. (2000). 3260: 1972: 1836: 9143:New Zealand MPs for Auckland electorates 8515:Nuclear Information and Resource Service 5464:, by Jonathan Milne and Amanda Cameron, 5126: 5026:(gravestone). Waikaraka Cemetery: Flickr 4663:"Star-Times may face action over report" 4370: 3829: 3827: 3750:Reports of International Arbitral Awards 3332: 2980: 2522: 2444: 2174: 2127:, appearing in the New Zealand One Make 2114: 2054: 2019:stock market crash of 19/20 October 1987 1938: 1853: 1732: 1646: 1459:parliamentary leader of the Labour Party 1448: 1315:in 1963, and helped in the campaigns of 407:26 March 1977 – 12 October 1996 353:3 February 1983 – 8 August 1989 159:8 August 1989 – 2 November 1990 9133:New Zealand rugby league administrators 9093:Leaders of the Opposition (New Zealand) 8500:International Day against Nuclear Tests 5448:, Information on Amyloidosis in Aust/NZ 5352: 5321: 5242: 4813: 4801: 4746: 4737: 4615:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 4312: 4237: 4198: 4163:When Schools Compete: A Cautionary Tale 4116: 3906: 3894: 3818: 3722:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3498: 3486: 3474: 3407:When Schools Compete: A Cautionary Tale 3355: 3265:When Schools Compete: A Cautionary Tale 3241:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3222: 3189: 3135: 3123: 3099:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3025: 2741: 2660: 2063:'s letter accepting Lange's resignation 1882:on 10 July 1985 while it lay moored in 1821:In 1987, Lange's government passed the 1567:Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand 1520:Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand 302:3 February 1983 – 26 July 1984 218:24 August 1987 – 8 August 1989 9138:New Zealand Rugby League board members 9055: 8932:France and weapons of mass destruction 5223: 5146: 4825: 4464:: McIndoe Publishers. pp. 49–50. 4455: 4317:. Auckland, N.Z.: Hodder Moa Beckett. 4210: 4084:Russell, Marcia; Carlaw, John (1996). 3985:Russell, Marcia; Carlaw, John (1996). 3950: 3919:Russell, Marcia; Carlaw, John (1996). 3863:Russell, Marcia; Carlaw, John (1996). 3511:"Business biting hand of nanny govt". 3443:Russell, Marcia; Carlaw, John (1996). 3371:Russell, Marcia; Carlaw, John (1996). 3234: 2329:In a key New Zealand defamation case ( 2238: 1992: 1783:Oxford Union debate on nuclear weapons 991:New Zealand's nuclear-free legislation 914:, the son of a physician. He became a 341:Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party 259:26 July 1984 – 24 August 1987 8421: 7964: 7686: 7287: 6708: 6261: 6221: 5936: 5729: 5302: 5283: 5264: 4964: 4895: 4558: 4499: 4484: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4038: 3833: 3824: 3688: 3661: 3573: 3147: 2934: 2922: 2910: 2855: 2843: 2831: 2819: 2781: 2769: 2725: 2713: 2701: 2551:in 2003 for his strong fight against 2542: 2461:his stomach in order to lose weight. 2159:as Prime Minister shortly before the 2086:, a backbench MP, formed a breakaway 2025: 2012: 1935:an official language of New Zealand. 1637:New Zealand's youngest prime minister 1548:26 July 1984 – 8 August 1989 1141: 1138: 84:26 July 1984 – 8 August 1989 9123:New Zealand people of German descent 8942:History of the anti-nuclear movement 8535:Physicians for Social Responsibility 8352:Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon 6709: 5330: 5269:. Jonathan Hudson & Associates. 5174:"Queen's Birthday honours list 2003" 4879:"The new leader of the Labour Party" 4371:Marshall, Russell (15 August 2005). 3954:The Commercialisation of New Zealand 3159: 2656: 2654: 2631: 2051:Leadership challenge and resignation 1704:New Zealand's agricultural community 9173:Members of the Order of New Zealand 8892:Songs about nuclear war and weapons 7992:Members of the Order of New Zealand 7927:Independent Political Labour League 5486:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography 5411:, Oxford Union debate, 1 March 1985 4883:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography 4259:. Wellington.: Dunmore Publishing. 3555:. Ministry for Culture and Heritage 3160:Pugh, Michael (29 September 1989). 2981:Pickmere, Arnold (14 August 2005). 2873:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography 2799:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography 2661:Masters, Catherine (14 July 2006). 2350:Accidental release of secret report 2306:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 2134: 1747:New Zealand–United States relations 1118: 1001:Lange was born on 4 August 1942 in 13: 9158:People educated at Otahuhu College 8887:Nuclear weapons in popular culture 5809: 4908:Middleton, Julie (4 August 2005). 4243: 2572:Member of the Order of New Zealand 14: 9209: 8921:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 5716:Deputy Leader of the Labour Party 5376: 4692:Change, Derek (16 January 2006). 4669:. 24 January 2006. Archived from 3638:Ministry for Culture and Heritage 2651: 2453:Lange suffered all his life from 2161:1990 general election in November 1961:On the night, Labour's candidate 1945:1987 New Zealand general election 1918: 1433:, the group, later known as the " 1400:. In December 1978 Labour leader 1366:, retaining the area for Labour. 930:, Lange was first elected to the 910:Lange was born and brought up in 19:For the Canadian politician, see 9198:20th-century New Zealand lawyers 9118:New Zealand Labour Party leaders 9083:Attorneys-general of New Zealand 9037: 9036: 8558: 8480:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament 8332:Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother 7780:Foreshore and seabed controversy 7288: 6204: 6203: 5657:Member of Parliament for Mangere 5188: 5166: 5140: 5120: 5090: 5064: 5038: 5013: 4965:Milne, Jonathan (31 July 2005). 4958: 4932: 4901: 4871: 4845: 4819: 4757:. Hymns Ancient & Modern Ltd 3662:Lange, David (14 October 2004). 3202:Parliament, New Zealand (1985). 2964:"Mangere Labour man weighs in". 2687:. 14 August 2005. Archived from 2588:Electoral history of David Lange 2384: 1898:United Nations Secretary-General 1777: 871: 814: 651: 630: 543: 9103:New Zealand education ministers 8525:Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign 7932:New Zealand Labour Party (1910) 5755: 4769: 4747:McInnes, John (February 1986). 4711: 4685: 4655: 4636:Bain, Helen (15 January 2006). 4629: 4603: 4590:Australian Government Solicitor 4578: 4552: 4532: 4505: 4449: 4432: 4390: 4364: 4339: 4306: 4281: 4204: 4122: 4077: 3978: 3944: 3912: 3856: 3786: 3760: 3735: 3709: 3694: 3539: 3532:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 3519: 3504: 3436: 3396: 3333:Gingrich, Jane Rebecca (2007). 3326: 3306:"David Lange, in his own words" 3298: 3254: 3235:Easton, Brian (11 March 2010). 3228: 3210:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 3195: 3153: 3082: 3065: 3048: 3044:. 15 December 1979. p. 12. 3031: 3002: 2983:"Obituary: David Russell Lange" 2974: 2957: 2947:"Nomination goes to Mr Lange". 2940: 2887: 2861: 2787: 2119:Lange partaking in a motor race 2110: 1911:at the French military base on 1346:Lange then stood for Labour in 922:causes in the rapidly changing 684: 563: 539: 147:Attorney-General of New Zealand 9078:Prime ministers of New Zealand 6262: 5907:Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior 5019: 4826:Savage, Jared (23 July 2006). 4718:WikiLeaks (19 December 2010). 3834:Riley, Brett (February 1988). 3078:. 12 February 1981. p. 1. 3072:"Lange back with confidence". 2970:. 16 February 1977. p. 2. 2953:. 16 February 1977. p. 1. 2735: 2673: 2625: 2599: 2494:on the same day an interview; 2379:secret diplomatic cable leaked 2316:on political matters, but the 1846:Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior 1658: 1499:led to a constitutional crisis 1469:Muldoon unexpectedly called a 1033:Papatoetoe Intermediate School 776:Homosexual Law Reform Act 1986 771:Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior 1: 9163:Burials at Waikaraka Cemetery 9153:University of Auckland alumni 9108:New Zealand foreign ministers 5902:New Zealand nuclear-free zone 5768:Prime Minister of New Zealand 5510:Prime Minister of New Zealand 5395:PM David Lange Resigns (1989) 5338:. Auckland: AM Publications. 5265:Lange, David (18 July 1994). 5217: 4559:Young, Audrey (3 July 2004). 4445:. 6 December 1991. p. 5. 4083: 3061:. 23 January 1981. p. 1. 3015:. 9 December 1978. p. 3. 3009:"Rowling shuffles his pack". 2632:Anae, Melani (18 June 2016). 2568:2003 Queen's Birthday Honours 2417:), as "the other woman" in a 2399:West London Methodist Mission 2299: 2209:, published alternately with 2199:, Lange backed deputy leader 2167:) as the member for Mangere. 2097: 1753:anti-nuclear weapons movement 1721:, with massive loss of jobs. 996: 905:prime minister of New Zealand 761:New Zealand nuclear-free zone 748:Prime Minister of New Zealand 730:Shadow Cabinet of David Lange 72:Prime Minister of New Zealand 9113:New Zealand Labour Party MPs 5147:Beston, Anne (2 June 2003). 4540:"NZRL chief back in the gun" 4217:. Policy Press. p. 56. 3836:"Aotearoa's hamburger chain" 3513:The National Business Review 2681:"Former PM David Lange dies" 2151:, Minister in Charge of the 1850:France–New Zealand relations 1074:Supreme Court of New Zealand 7: 7922:New Zealand Socialist Party 7687: 5596:Minister of Foreign Affairs 5462:Account of memorial service 3984: 3918: 3862: 3515:. 7 March 1990. p. 24. 3442: 3370: 3271:Brookings Institution Press 2581: 2218:changing New Zealand's flag 2140:Cabinet minister: 1989–1990 1653:Minister of Foreign Affairs 1457:Lange succeeded Rowling as 1387:Animals Protection Act 1960 247:Minister of Foreign Affairs 10: 9214: 9193:Deaths from kidney failure 9007:Russell–Einstein Manifesto 8877:Films about nuclear issues 8872:Books about nuclear issues 8465:Anti-nuclear organizations 7698:History and related topics 7042:Rob Salmond (2020–present) 5892:1984 constitutional crisis 5774:Leader of the Labour Party 5689:Leader of the Labour Party 5383:David Lange Memorial Trust 5326:. Auckland: Penguin Books. 5267:Cuttings – God Save Us All 4853:"Pottery NZ – Peter Lange" 3636:. Oxford, United Kingdom: 3603:10.1177/002234338802500406 2869:"Early life and education" 2795:"Early life and education" 2634:"Racism was all around us" 1996: 1942: 1843: 1744: 1739:Foreign Policy Association 1543:Premiership of David Lange 1517: 1514:Prime Minister (1984–1989) 1396:Lange was elevated to the 756:1984 constitutional crisis 718:Leader of the Labour Party 18: 9073:Politicians from Auckland 9032: 8962:Nuclear-Free Future Award 8900: 8882:Nuclear holocaust fiction 8864: 8683: 8567: 8556: 8470:Anti-nuclear power groups 8455: 8390: 8314: 8221:Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan 8143: 8136: 8086: 8005: 7998: 7917:New Zealand Liberal Party 7909: 7842: 7794: 7697: 7693: 7682: 7628: 7298: 7294: 7283: 7050: 6957: 6719: 6715: 6704: 6560: 6424: 6272: 6268: 6257: 6201: 5975: 5874: 5841: 5820: 5807: 5793: 5763: 5713: 5705: 5695: 5686: 5678: 5673: 5663: 5654: 5646: 5639: 5629: 5620: 5612: 5602: 5593: 5585: 5575: 5566: 5558: 5548: 5539: 5531: 5526: 5516: 5507: 5499: 5494: 5228:. Auckland: Benton Ross. 4086:"Revolution (part three)" 4018:Grant J. Crowley (2002). 3987:"Revolution (part three)" 3701:New Zealand Legislation. 3591:Journal of Peace Research 3205:Questions for Oral Answer 2742:Bassett, Michael (2010). 2216:Lange was a supporter of 2077:an unsuccessful challenge 1925:Homosexual Law Reform Act 1896:affair, presided over by 1776: 1771: 1628: 1608: 1596: 1582: 1572: 1562: 1552: 1539: 1535: 1526: 1297: 1274: 1251: 1228: 1205: 1182: 1157: 1135: 1132: 1106:by impeding its entry to 705:Mangere by-election, 1977 638: 626: 616: 608: 592: 582: 574: 518: 508: 500: 485: 468: 444: 439: 435: 423: 411: 400: 385: 375: 365: 357: 346: 338: 328: 316: 306: 295: 287: 275: 263: 252: 244: 234: 222: 211: 203: 191: 179: 163: 152: 144: 132: 120: 112: 98: 88: 77: 69: 65: 53: 30: 8520:Nevada Desert Experience 7710:Labour Unity Conferences 7039:Andre Anderson (2018–20) 7006:Allan McDonald (1948–71) 6250:New Zealand Labour Party 5866:1988 leadership election 5861:1983 leadership election 5856:1980 leadership election 5851:1977 Mangere by-election 5674:Party political offices 5623:Leader of the Opposition 5353:Russell, Marcia (1996). 5322:McQueen, Harvey (1991). 5250:. Auckland: Hodder Moa. 4561:"Interview: David Lange" 4211:Louise, Humpage (2014). 3384:. 7:54–8:46, 10:05–10:15 2593: 2562:, Lange was appointed a 2335:3 NZLR 385), Lange sued 2245:New Zealand Rugby League 1999:1987 Fijian coups d'état 1985:" (Douglas, Prebble and 1675:', in a similar vein to 1577:New Zealand Labour Party 1473:in 1984, as a result of 1463:Leader of the Opposition 1445:Leader of the Opposition 1082:Polynesian Panther Party 1062:Westfield Freezing Works 971:Fourth Labour Government 948:leader of the Opposition 740:1988 leadership election 735:1983 leadership election 660:This article is part of 486:Cause of death 290:Leader of the Opposition 99:Governors‑General 9188:Deaths from amyloidosis 9183:Diabetes-related deaths 8977:Nuclear power phase-out 8856:Christopher Weeramantry 7942:Social Democratic Party 7098:Arthur Shapton Richards 5388:13 January 2015 at the 5098:"David Lange Biography" 4586:"Legal Briefing No. 40" 4456:Temple, Philip (1994). 4313:Laidlaw, Chris (1999). 4255:Johansson, Jon (2005). 3921:"Revolution (part two)" 3865:"Revolution (part two)" 3768:"Homosexual Law Reform" 3445:"Revolution (part two)" 3373:"Revolution (part two)" 2472:, a rare and incurable 2441:Health issues and death 2405:. Lange later became a 2318:High Court of Australia 2310:Australian Constitution 2304:In 1996 Lange sued the 1929:Māori Language Act 1987 1901:Javier Pérez de Cuéllar 1886:, killing photographer 1719:state-owned enterprises 1102:in his small yacht the 481:, Auckland, New Zealand 9148:Nuclear weapons policy 9128:New Zealand Methodists 8982:Nuclear weapons debate 8927:Defence Secretariat 19 7530:Cushla Tangaere-Manuel 7491:Priyanca Radhakrishnan 5814: 5641:New Zealand Parliament 5440:The New Zealand Herald 5224:Barber, David (1987). 5153:The New Zealand Herald 5102:Right Livelihood Award 5072:"David Lange Memorial" 4995:"David Lange Memorial" 4971:The New Zealand Herald 4914:The New Zealand Herald 4832:The New Zealand Herald 4698:The New Zealand Herald 4667:Television New Zealand 4565:The New Zealand Herald 4518:The New Zealand Herald 4442:The New Zealand Herald 3951:Easton, Brian (1997). 3311:The New Zealand Herald 3058:The New Zealand Herald 3041:The New Zealand Herald 2988:The New Zealand Herald 2950:The New Zealand Herald 2667:The New Zealand Herald 2549:Right Livelihood Award 2528: 2450: 2407:Methodist lay preacher 2389:Lange was raised in a 2297: 2276: 2252:The New Zealand Herald 2192: 2120: 2073:universal basic income 2064: 2010: 1973:Second term: 1987–1989 1862: 1819: 1811: 1742: 1454: 1375:New Zealand Parliament 1358:for the safer seat of 1126:New Zealand Parliament 1053:The New Zealand Herald 1041:University of Auckland 932:New Zealand Parliament 621:Right Livelihood Award 389:New Zealand Parliament 8992:Otto Hahn Peace Medal 8801:Hermann Joseph Muller 8550:World Uranium Hearing 8530:Peace Action and SANE 8475:Anti-nuclear protests 8449:Anti-nuclear movement 7745:Fish and Chip Brigade 7646:Princes Street Labour 7629:Related organisations 7024:Chris Flatt (2008–12) 7018:Rob Allen (1995–2000) 6971:Michael Joseph Savage 6442:Michael Joseph Savage 6303:Michael Joseph Savage 6280:Names in bold served 5882:Fish and Chip Brigade 5813: 5569:Minister of Education 5481:David Lange biography 5446:Amyloidosis Australia 5430:, by Jonathan Milne, 5303:Lange, David (2005). 5284:Lange, David (1992). 4642:The Sunday Star Times 3092:Fish and Chip Brigade 2704:, pp. 20, 21–22. 2560:1990 New Year Honours 2526: 2515:and blood disease in 2448: 2277: 2267: 2250:In an interview with 2229:1996 general election 2197:1993 general election 2178: 2118: 2058: 2005: 1979:Minister of Education 1939:1987 general election 1857: 1815: 1807: 1736: 1693:New Zealand's economy 1647:First term: 1984–1987 1452: 1435:Fish and Chip Brigade 1431:1981 general election 1333:Auckland City Council 809:1987 general election 804:1984 general election 725:Fish and Chip Brigade 685:Early life and career 206:Minister of Education 8972:Nuclear power debate 7735:Citizens for Rowling 7581:Christchurch Central 7518:Lemauga Lydia Sosene 7021:Mike Smith (2001–08) 7015:Tony Timms (1985–95) 6561:Leadership elections 5780:Member of Parliament 5458:at memorial service. 5307:. Auckland: Viking. 4828:"Memorial for Lange" 3841:New Internationalist 3269:. Washington, D.C.: 2691:on 28 December 2005. 2356:Archives New Zealand 2312:an implied right to 2287:to come in and do a 2222:New Zealand republic 2153:Serious Fraud Office 2094:out in an election. 1737:Lange addresses the 957:When Prime Minister 950:in 1983, succeeding 542: 1968; 33:The Right Honourable 8937:Göttingen Manifesto 8791:Freda Meissner-Blau 8545:Sortir du nucléaire 8181:Frederick Turnovsky 7937:United Labour Party 7910:Predecessor parties 7641:The People's Choice 6958:General secretaries 5667:Taito Phillip Field 5495:Government offices 4898:, pp. 143–144. 4859:on 23 December 2010 4548:. 6 September 1998. 4065:on 15 December 2014 2547:Lange received the 2537:Sir Anand Satyanand 2517:Middlemore Hospital 2403:Christian socialism 2337:political scientist 2239:Life after politics 2233:Taito Phillip Field 1993:Fijian coups d'état 1931:was enacted making 1794:During a televised 1669:Minister of Finance 1373:population, in the 1364:Mangere by-election 1129: 936:Mangere by-election 928:Polynesian Panthers 907:from 1984 to 1989. 854:David Russell Lange 489:Complications from 430:Taito Phillip Field 8957:Mainau Declaration 8315:Additional members 8087:Additional members 7795:Labour governments 7317:List of former MPs 6905:Michael Hirschfeld 5912:Tomorrow's Schools 5815: 5527:Political offices 5359:Hodder Moa Beckett 5133:The London Gazette 5052:. Auckland Council 5001:on 13 January 2015 4885:. 30 October 2013. 4781:The New York Times 4439:"Labour line-up". 4140:on 24 January 2015 2937:, pp. 98, 99. 2543:Honours and awards 2529: 2484:to 8 August 2005. 2451: 2193: 2185:Sir Robert Muldoon 2121: 2065: 2033:Tomorrow's Schools 2026:Tomorrow's Schools 2013:Stock market crash 1863: 1757:territorial waters 1743: 1503:New Zealand dollar 1455: 1123: 781:Tomorrow's Schools 612:Lawyer, Politician 529:Naomi Joy Crampton 504:Waikaraka Cemetery 60:Lange in the 1980s 21:David Hadley Lange 9050: 9049: 8967:Nuclear-free zone 8910:Anti-war movement 8851:Albert Schweitzer 8540:Pembina Institute 8415: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8236:Thaddeus McCarthy 8161:Te Atairangikaahu 8132: 8131: 8119:Silvia Cartwright 7958: 7957: 7954: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7755:Māori loan affair 7678: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7486:Willow-Jean Prime 7403:Christchurch East 7312: 7279: 7278: 7275: 7274: 7188:David Benson-Pope 7104:Robert Macfarlane 6700: 6699: 6696: 6695: 6283: 6282:as prime minister 6215: 6214: 5930: 5929: 5843:Electoral history 5821:General elections 5724: 5723: 5696:Succeeded by 5664:Succeeded by 5630:Succeeded by 5603:Succeeded by 5576:Succeeded by 5549:Succeeded by 5517:Succeeded by 5477:'s Selwyn Manning 5257:978-1-86971-094-1 4944:TV3 (New Zealand) 4545:Sunday Star-Times 4348:Muldoon revisited 4315:Rights of passage 4290:Muldoon revisited 4224:978-1-4473-2351-8 4026:Massey University 3208:. Vol. 464. 3173:978-0-521-34355-8 2897:The Dominion Post 2875:. 30 October 2013 2846:, pp. 68–69. 2822:, pp. 61–64. 2801:. 30 October 2013 2753:978-1-86971-241-9 2374:Sunday Star Times 2361:Sunday Star-Times 2354:In January 2006, 2342:North & South 2314:freedom of speech 1861:in Auckland, 1985 1827:nuclear-free zone 1792: 1791: 1667:, who Lange made 1633: 1632: 1495:New Zealand Party 1311:Lange joined the 1309: 1308: 979:nuclear-free zone 975:social-democratic 963:landslide victory 851: 850: 710:Electoral history 699: 677: 676: 642: 641: 588:Phoebe Fysh Lange 9205: 9040: 9039: 8836:Bertrand Russell 8726:Randall Forsberg 8562: 8561: 8510:Mayors for Peace 8442: 8435: 8428: 8419: 8418: 8398:Shridath Ramphal 8391:Honorary members 8382:Catherine Tizard 8296:Doreen Blumhardt 8201:Manuhuia Bennett 8186:Richard Matthews 8151:Arnold Nordmeyer 8144:Ordinary members 8141: 8140: 8006:Ordinary members 8003: 8002: 7985: 7978: 7971: 7962: 7961: 7765:Closing the Gaps 7695: 7694: 7684: 7683: 7620: 7608: 7596: 7584: 7567: 7564:Palmerston North 7555: 7538: 7526: 7514: 7477: 7445: 7418: 7406: 7394: 7382: 7353: 7338: 7318: 7310: 7306:electorates are 7302: 7299:Current members 7296: 7295: 7285: 7284: 7140:Russell Marshall 7054: 6929:Moira Coatsworth 6827:Arnold Nordmeyer 6723: 6722:Party presidents 6717: 6716: 6710:Internal offices 6706: 6705: 6428: 6326:Arnold Nordmeyer 6290:Alfred Hindmarsh 6279: 6276: 6270: 6269: 6259: 6258: 6251: 6242: 6235: 6228: 6219: 6218: 6207: 6206: 5957: 5950: 5943: 5934: 5933: 5922:Lange v Atkinson 5875:Related articles 5750: 5743: 5736: 5727: 5726: 5706:Preceded by 5679:Preceded by 5647:Preceded by 5613:Preceded by 5606:Russell Marshall 5586:Preceded by 5562:Russell Marshall 5559:Preceded by 5542:Attorney-General 5532:Preceded by 5500:Preceded by 5492: 5491: 5466:Herald on Sunday 5432:Herald on Sunday 5372: 5349: 5345:978-0-473-190255 5327: 5318: 5299: 5280: 5261: 5244:Bassett, Michael 5239: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5192: 5186: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5159: 5144: 5138: 5137: 5124: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5104:. 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Public Address 3659: 3650: 3649: 3647: 3645: 3624: 3615: 3614: 3586: 3577: 3571: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3523: 3517: 3516: 3508: 3502: 3496: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3461: 3449: 3440: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3410: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3377: 3368: 3359: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3330: 3324: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3314:. 15 August 2005 3302: 3296: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3268: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3232: 3226: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3178: 3177: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3035: 3029: 3023: 3017: 3016: 3006: 3000: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2978: 2972: 2971: 2961: 2955: 2954: 2944: 2938: 2932: 2926: 2920: 2914: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2891: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2791: 2785: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2758: 2757: 2739: 2733: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2705: 2699: 2693: 2692: 2677: 2671: 2670: 2658: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2618: 2603: 2570:, he was made a 2501:Herald on Sunday 2425:Lange's brother 2370:Dianne Macaskill 2366:Western alliance 2358:released to the 2332:Lange v Atkinson 2149:Attorney-General 2135:Post-premiership 2061:Governor-General 1909:Dominique Prieur 1888:Fernando Pereira 1884:Auckland Harbour 1781: 1780: 1769: 1768: 1599: 1546: 1544: 1531: 1524: 1523: 1341:Catherine Tizard 1130: 1127: 1122: 1119:Political career 1108:Auckland Harbour 899: 894: 893: 890: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 868: 843: 836: 829: 818: 791:Lange v Atkinson 692: 673: 672: 670: 663: 655: 648: 647: 644: 643: 634: 567: 565: 547: 545: 541: 475: 454: 452: 440:Personal details 426: 414: 405: 391: 378: 368: 351: 331: 319: 300: 282:Russell Marshall 278: 266: 257: 237: 229:Russell Marshall 225: 216: 194: 182: 166: 157: 135: 123: 82: 58: 48: 28: 27: 9213: 9212: 9208: 9207: 9206: 9204: 9203: 9202: 9053: 9052: 9051: 9046: 9028: 8987:Peace activists 8902: 8896: 8860: 8846:Jonathan Schell 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6357:Geoffrey Palmer 6281: 6278: 6274: 6264: 6253: 6249: 6246: 6216: 6211: 6197: 5971: 5961: 5931: 5926: 5870: 5837: 5816: 5805: 5789: 5759: 5754: 5719: 5711: 5701: 5699:Geoffrey Palmer 5692: 5684: 5669: 5660: 5652: 5635: 5626: 5618: 5608: 5599: 5591: 5581: 5579:Geoffrey Palmer 5572: 5564: 5554: 5545: 5537: 5535:Geoffrey Palmer 5522: 5520:Geoffrey Palmer 5513: 5505: 5405:, 7 August 1989 5390:Wayback Machine 5379: 5369: 5346: 5315: 5296: 5277: 5258: 5236: 5220: 5215: 5205: 5203: 5194: 5193: 5189: 5179: 5177: 5172: 5171: 5167: 5157: 5155: 5145: 5141: 5125: 5121: 5111: 5109: 5108:on 20 June 2010 5096: 5095: 5091: 5081: 5079: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5029: 5027: 5018: 5014: 5004: 5002: 4993: 4992: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4963: 4959: 4949: 4947: 4938: 4937: 4933: 4923: 4921: 4920:on 3 March 2016 4906: 4902: 4894: 4890: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4862: 4860: 4851: 4850: 4846: 4836: 4834: 4824: 4820: 4812: 4808: 4800: 4796: 4786: 4784: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4745: 4738: 4728: 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2553:nuclear weapons 2545: 2443: 2431:Michael Bassett 2387: 2352: 2302: 2265:Lange replied: 2241: 2173: 2145:Geoffrey Palmer 2142: 2137: 2113: 2100: 2088:NewLabour Party 2069:flat income-tax 2053: 2028: 2015: 2001: 1995: 1975: 1947: 1941: 1921: 1893:Rainbow Warrior 1879:Rainbow Warrior 1870:bombed and sank 1859:Rainbow Warrior 1852: 1844:Main articles: 1842: 1838:Rainbow Warrior 1778: 1749: 1731: 1697:Margaret Wilson 1685:Polish shipyard 1661: 1649: 1624: 1623: 1622: 1619:Geoffrey Palmer 1616: 1597: 1547: 1542: 1540: 1522: 1516: 1447: 1422:Richard Prebble 1410:Michael Bassett 1329:Michael Bassett 1125: 1121: 1070:Communist Party 1037:Otahuhu College 1026:Michael Bassett 999: 993:as his legacy. 983:Geoffrey Palmer 897: 874: 870: 856: 847: 813: 795: 752: 744: 714: 689: 668: 666: 665: 664: 661: 659: 602:Michael Bassett 600: 587: 570: 569: 566: 1992) 561: 557: 549: 546: 1991) 537: 533: 530: 509:Political party 477: 473: 456: 450: 448: 424: 412: 406: 401: 392: 387: 381:Geoffrey Palmer 376: 366: 361:Geoffrey Palmer 352: 347: 329: 317: 311:Geoffrey Palmer 301: 296: 276: 264: 258: 253: 240:Geoffrey Palmer 235: 223: 217: 212: 192: 186:Geoffrey Palmer 180: 172: 170:Geoffrey Palmer 164: 158: 153: 139:Geoffrey Palmer 133: 121: 116:Geoffrey Palmer 105: 83: 78: 61: 49: 40: 38: 35: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9211: 9201: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9125: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9085: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9048: 9047: 9045: 9044: 9033: 9030: 9029: 9027: 9026: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8997:Peace movement 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8944: 8939: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8917: 8912: 8906: 8904: 8898: 8897: 8895: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8868: 8866: 8862: 8861: 8859: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8831:Joseph Rotblat 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8786:Caroline Lucas 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8716:Gordon Edwards 8713: 8711:Norman Cousins 8708: 8703: 8701:Albert Bigelow 8698: 8693: 8687: 8685: 8681: 8680: 8678: 8677: 8672: 8670:United Kingdom 8667: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8571: 8569: 8565: 8564: 8557: 8555: 8553: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8487: 8482: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8461: 8459: 8453: 8452: 8445: 8444: 8437: 8430: 8422: 8413: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8406: 8405: 8403:Bill Pickering 8400: 8394: 8392: 8388: 8387: 8385: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8367:Owen Woodhouse 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8342:Arthur Lydiard 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8318: 8316: 8312: 8311: 8309: 8308: 8303: 8301:Murray Halberg 8298: 8293: 8288: 8283: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8251:James Fletcher 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8166:Edmund Hillary 8163: 8158: 8153: 8147: 8145: 8138: 8134: 8133: 8130: 8129: 8127: 8126: 8124:Tipene O'Regan 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8090: 8088: 8084: 8083: 8081: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8065: 8060: 8058:Peter Gluckman 8055: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8013:Kiri Te Kanawa 8009: 8007: 8000: 7996: 7995: 7988: 7987: 7980: 7973: 7965: 7956: 7955: 7952: 7951: 7948: 7947: 7945: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7924: 7919: 7913: 7911: 7907: 7906: 7903: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7846: 7844: 7840: 7839: 7836: 7835: 7829: 7823: 7817: 7811: 7805: 7798: 7796: 7792: 7791: 7788: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7705:Liberal–Labour 7701: 7699: 7691: 7690: 7680: 7679: 7676: 7675: 7672: 7671: 7669: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7651:Rainbow Labour 7648: 7643: 7638: 7632: 7630: 7626: 7625: 7622: 7621: 7609: 7600:Arena Williams 7597: 7585: 7573: 7571:Ayesha Verrall 7568: 7556: 7544: 7539: 7535:Ikaroa-Rāwhiti 7527: 7515: 7503: 7498: 7496:Adrian Rurawhe 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7434: 7432:Willie Jackson 7429: 7424: 7422:Shanan Halbert 7419: 7407: 7395: 7383: 7371: 7366: 7364:Camilla Belich 7361: 7359:Ginny Andersen 7355: 7354: 7342:Deputy Leader: 7339: 7323: 7321: 7304:Names without 7292: 7291: 7281: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7272: 7270: 7269: 7268:(2023–present) 7263: 7257: 7251: 7245: 7239: 7233: 7227: 7221: 7215: 7209: 7203: 7197: 7191: 7185: 7179: 7173: 7167: 7164:Trevor Mallard 7161: 7155: 7152:Michael Cullen 7149: 7143: 7137: 7131: 7125: 7119: 7113: 7107: 7101: 7095: 7089: 7083: 7077: 7071: 7065: 7058: 7056: 7048: 7047: 7044: 7043: 7040: 7037: 7031: 7025: 7022: 7019: 7016: 7013: 7007: 7004: 6998: 6992: 6986: 6980: 6974: 6968: 6961: 6959: 6955: 6954: 6951: 6950: 6949:(2022–present) 6944: 6938: 6932: 6926: 6920: 6914: 6908: 6902: 6896: 6890: 6884: 6878: 6872: 6866: 6860: 6854: 6851:Norman Douglas 6848: 6842: 6836: 6830: 6824: 6818: 6812: 6806: 6800: 6794: 6788: 6782: 6776: 6770: 6764: 6758: 6752: 6746: 6740: 6734: 6727: 6725: 6713: 6712: 6702: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6694: 6693: 6691: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6564: 6562: 6558: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6552:(2023–present) 6547: 6541: 6538:Jacinda Ardern 6535: 6529: 6523: 6517: 6511: 6508:Michael Cullen 6505: 6499: 6493: 6487: 6481: 6475: 6469: 6463: 6457: 6451: 6445: 6439: 6432: 6430: 6427:Deputy leaders 6422: 6421: 6418: 6417: 6416:(2023–present) 6409: 6405:Jacinda Ardern 6401: 6395: 6392:David Cunliffe 6389: 6383: 6377: 6369: 6361: 6353: 6345: 6337: 6329: 6323: 6315: 6307: 6299: 6293: 6286: 6284: 6266: 6265: 6255: 6254: 6245: 6244: 6237: 6230: 6222: 6213: 6212: 6202: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5976: 5973: 5972: 5960: 5959: 5952: 5945: 5937: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5887:Shadow Cabinet 5884: 5878: 5876: 5872: 5871: 5869: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5847: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5830: 5824: 5822: 5818: 5817: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5803: 5797: 5795: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5777: 5771: 5764: 5761: 5760: 5753: 5752: 5745: 5738: 5730: 5722: 5721: 5712: 5707: 5703: 5702: 5697: 5694: 5685: 5680: 5676: 5675: 5671: 5670: 5665: 5662: 5653: 5648: 5644: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5633:Robert Muldoon 5631: 5628: 5619: 5614: 5610: 5609: 5604: 5601: 5592: 5587: 5583: 5582: 5577: 5574: 5565: 5560: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5547: 5538: 5533: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5523: 5518: 5515: 5506: 5503:Robert Muldoon 5501: 5497: 5496: 5490: 5489: 5478: 5468: 5459: 5449: 5443: 5425: 5412: 5406: 5392: 5378: 5377:External links 5375: 5374: 5373: 5367: 5350: 5344: 5332:Pope, Margaret 5328: 5319: 5313: 5300: 5294: 5281: 5275: 5262: 5256: 5240: 5234: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5213: 5187: 5165: 5139: 5119: 5089: 5063: 5037: 5012: 4983: 4957: 4931: 4900: 4888: 4870: 4844: 4818: 4816:, p. 543. 4806: 4804:, p. 525. 4794: 4768: 4736: 4710: 4684: 4654: 4628: 4617:. 20 June 2012 4602: 4577: 4551: 4531: 4504: 4489: 4477: 4470: 4448: 4431: 4389: 4363: 4356: 4338: 4323: 4305: 4298: 4280: 4265: 4242: 4240:, p. 202. 4230: 4223: 4203: 4201:, p. 462. 4191: 4177: 4151: 4121: 4119:, p. 160. 4109: 4076: 4043: 4041:, p. 194. 4031: 4010: 3977: 3963: 3943: 3911: 3909:, p. 143. 3899: 3897:, p. 142. 3887: 3855: 3823: 3821:, p. 144. 3811: 3785: 3759: 3734: 3708: 3693: 3691:, p. 208. 3681: 3651: 3640:. 1 March 1985 3616: 3597:(4): 395–410. 3578: 3576:, p. 204. 3566: 3538: 3518: 3503: 3501:, p. 120. 3491: 3479: 3477:, p. 101. 3467: 3435: 3421: 3395: 3360: 3348: 3325: 3297: 3283: 3253: 3227: 3215: 3194: 3179: 3172: 3152: 3140: 3128: 3113: 3102:. 13 July 2013 3090:"Photo of the 3081: 3064: 3047: 3030: 3018: 3001: 2973: 2956: 2939: 2927: 2915: 2903: 2886: 2860: 2848: 2836: 2824: 2812: 2786: 2774: 2759: 2752: 2734: 2718: 2706: 2694: 2672: 2650: 2624: 2613:. 27 July 2021 2597: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2590: 2583: 2580: 2544: 2541: 2442: 2439: 2386: 2383: 2351: 2348: 2301: 2298: 2263: 2262: 2240: 2237: 2172: 2169: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2131:Sport series. 2112: 2109: 2099: 2096: 2052: 2049: 2027: 2024: 2014: 2011: 1997:Main article: 1994: 1991: 1974: 1971: 1943:Main article: 1940: 1937: 1920: 1919:Social reforms 1917: 1841: 1835: 1790: 1789: 1774: 1773: 1772:External audio 1730: 1727: 1708:superannuation 1660: 1657: 1648: 1645: 1631: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1617: 1614:Robert Muldoon 1611: 1610: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1600: 1594: 1593: 1584: 1580: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1560: 1559: 1554: 1550: 1549: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1518:Main article: 1515: 1512: 1491:National Party 1487:vote splitting 1475:Marilyn Waring 1446: 1443: 1439:fish and chips 1398:Shadow Cabinet 1379:Robert Muldoon 1321:Norman Douglas 1307: 1306: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1291: 1284: 1283: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1268: 1261: 1260: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1245: 1238: 1237: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1222: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1199: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1176: 1169: 1168: 1163: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1120: 1117: 1039:, then at the 998: 995: 959:Robert Muldoon 849: 848: 846: 845: 838: 831: 823: 820: 819: 812: 811: 806: 794: 793: 788: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 743: 742: 737: 732: 727: 713: 712: 707: 701: 700: 688: 687: 679: 678: 675: 674: 662:a series about 658: 656: 640: 639: 636: 635: 628: 624: 623: 618: 614: 613: 610: 606: 605: 604:(third cousin) 594: 590: 589: 584: 580: 579: 576: 572: 571: 559: 555: 554: 553: 552: 535: 531: 528: 527: 526: 525: 522: 520: 516: 515: 510: 506: 505: 502: 498: 497: 487: 483: 482: 476:(aged 63) 472:13 August 2005 470: 466: 465: 446: 442: 441: 437: 436: 433: 432: 427: 421: 420: 415: 409: 408: 398: 397: 386:Member of the 383: 382: 379: 373: 372: 369: 363: 362: 359: 355: 354: 344: 343: 336: 335: 334:Robert Muldoon 332: 326: 325: 320: 314: 313: 308: 304: 303: 293: 292: 285: 284: 279: 273: 272: 267: 261: 260: 250: 249: 242: 241: 238: 232: 231: 226: 220: 219: 209: 208: 201: 200: 195: 189: 188: 183: 177: 176: 167: 165:Prime Minister 161: 160: 150: 149: 142: 141: 136: 130: 129: 127:Robert Muldoon 124: 118: 117: 114: 110: 109: 100: 96: 95: 90: 86: 85: 75: 74: 67: 66: 63: 62: 59: 51: 50: 39: 36: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9210: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9060: 9058: 9043: 9035: 9034: 9031: 9025: 9024: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8922: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8907: 8905: 8899: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8869: 8867: 8863: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8811:Linus Pauling 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8796:Gregory Minor 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8766:Ole Kopreitan 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8756:Jackie Hudson 8754: 8752: 8751:Nobuto Hosaka 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8686: 8682: 8676: 8675:United States 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8572: 8570: 8566: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 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8117: 8115: 8114:Malvina Major 8112: 8110: 8109:Peter Jackson 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8094:Michael Duffy 8092: 8091: 8089: 8085: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8064: 8061: 8059: 8056: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8028:Kenneth Keith 8026: 8024: 8023:Lloyd Geering 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8004: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7986: 7981: 7979: 7974: 7972: 7967: 7966: 7963: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7914: 7912: 7908: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7853: 7851: 7848: 7847: 7845: 7841: 7833: 7830: 7827: 7824: 7821: 7818: 7815: 7812: 7809: 7806: 7803: 7800: 7799: 7797: 7793: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7760:Backbone club 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7702: 7700: 7696: 7692: 7685: 7681: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7633: 7631: 7627: 7618: 7613: 7610: 7606: 7601: 7598: 7594: 7589: 7586: 7582: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7565: 7560: 7559:Tangi Utikere 7557: 7553: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7536: 7531: 7528: 7524: 7519: 7516: 7512: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7475: 7470: 7469:Greg O'Connor 7467: 7465: 7462: 7460: 7457: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7443: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7416: 7411: 7408: 7404: 7399: 7396: 7392: 7387: 7384: 7380: 7375: 7374:Rachel Boyack 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7357: 7356: 7351: 7346: 7343: 7340: 7336: 7331: 7330:Chris Hipkins 7328: 7325: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7311: 7301:of parliament 7297: 7293: 7286: 7282: 7267: 7266:Tangi Utikere 7264: 7261: 7258: 7255: 7252: 7249: 7246: 7243: 7240: 7237: 7234: 7231: 7230:Chris Hipkins 7228: 7225: 7222: 7219: 7218:Chris Hipkins 7216: 7213: 7210: 7207: 7206:Darren Hughes 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Finlay 6837: 6834: 6831: 6828: 6825: 6822: 6821:James Roberts 6819: 6816: 6813: 6810: 6807: 6804: 6803:Tim Armstrong 6801: 6798: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6786: 6783: 6780: 6777: 6774: 6771: 6768: 6765: 6762: 6759: 6756: 6753: 6750: 6747: 6744: 6741: 6738: 6737:Andrew Walker 6735: 6732: 6731:James McCombs 6729: 6728: 6726: 6724: 6718: 6714: 6707: 6703: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6559: 6551: 6548: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6536: 6533: 6530: 6527: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6512: 6509: 6506: 6503: 6502:David Caygill 6500: 6497: 6494: 6491: 6488: 6485: 6482: 6479: 6476: 6473: 6470: 6467: 6464: 6461: 6460:Jerry Skinner 6458: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6446: 6443: 6440: 6437: 6436:James McCombs 6434: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6423: 6415: 6414: 6413:Chris Hipkins 6410: 6407: 6406: 6402: 6399: 6398:Andrew Little 6396: 6393: 6390: 6387: 6386:David Shearer 6384: 6381: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6370: 6367: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6354: 6351: 6350: 6346: 6343: 6342: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6324: 6321: 6320: 6316: 6313: 6312: 6308: 6305: 6304: 6300: 6297: 6296:Harry Holland 6294: 6291: 6288: 6287: 6285: 6277: 6271: 6267: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6243: 6238: 6236: 6231: 6229: 6224: 6223: 6220: 6210: 6200: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6127: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5977: 5974: 5969: 5965: 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5329: 5325: 5320: 5316: 5314:0-670-04556-X 5310: 5306: 5301: 5297: 5295:0-473-01754-7 5291: 5287: 5282: 5278: 5276:0-473-02953-7 5272: 5268: 5263: 5259: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5235:0-908636-29-6 5231: 5227: 5222: 5221: 5202:. 5 June 2017 5201: 5197: 5191: 5175: 5169: 5154: 5150: 5143: 5135: 5134: 5129: 5123: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5093: 5077: 5073: 5067: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5025: 5024: 5016: 5000: 4996: 4990: 4988: 4972: 4968: 4961: 4945: 4941: 4935: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4904: 4897: 4892: 4884: 4880: 4874: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4833: 4829: 4822: 4815: 4810: 4803: 4798: 4782: 4778: 4772: 4756: 4755: 4750: 4743: 4741: 4725: 4721: 4714: 4699: 4695: 4688: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4658: 4643: 4639: 4632: 4616: 4612: 4606: 4591: 4587: 4581: 4566: 4562: 4555: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4535: 4520: 4519: 4514: 4508: 4501: 4496: 4494: 4486: 4481: 4473: 4471:0-86868-159-8 4467: 4463: 4459: 4452: 4444: 4443: 4435: 4427: 4415: 4408: 4403: 4399: 4393: 4378: 4374: 4373:"David Lange" 4367: 4359: 4357:0-864-69465-2 4353: 4349: 4342: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4320: 4316: 4309: 4301: 4299:0-864-69465-2 4295: 4291: 4284: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4262: 4258: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4239: 4234: 4226: 4220: 4216: 4215: 4207: 4200: 4195: 4180: 4178:0-8157-2835-2 4174: 4170: 4165: 4164: 4155: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4125: 4118: 4113: 4106: 4094: 4087: 4080: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4050: 4048: 4040: 4035: 4027: 4023: 4022: 4014: 4007: 3995: 3988: 3981: 3966: 3964:1-86940-173-5 3960: 3956: 3955: 3947: 3932:. 54:16–54:53 3931: 3930: 3922: 3915: 3908: 3903: 3896: 3891: 3876:. 54:49–55:01 3875: 3874: 3866: 3859: 3843: 3842: 3837: 3830: 3828: 3820: 3815: 3799: 3795: 3789: 3774:. 1 July 2014 3773: 3769: 3763: 3755: 3751: 3744: 3738: 3723: 3719: 3712: 3704: 3697: 3690: 3685: 3669: 3665: 3658: 3656: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3630: 3623: 3621: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3585: 3583: 3575: 3570: 3554: 3553: 3548: 3542: 3534: 3533: 3528: 3522: 3514: 3507: 3500: 3495: 3489:, p. 80. 3488: 3483: 3476: 3471: 3455: 3454: 3446: 3439: 3424: 3422:0-8157-2835-2 3418: 3414: 3409: 3408: 3399: 3383: 3382: 3374: 3367: 3365: 3358:, p. 75. 3357: 3352: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3329: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3301: 3286: 3284:0-8157-2835-2 3280: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3266: 3257: 3242: 3238: 3231: 3225:, p. 76. 3224: 3219: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3198: 3192:, p. 69. 3191: 3186: 3184: 3175: 3169: 3165: 3164: 3156: 3149: 3144: 3138:, p. 49. 3137: 3132: 3126:, p. 39. 3125: 3120: 3118: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3093: 3085: 3077: 3076: 3075:Auckland Star 3068: 3060: 3059: 3051: 3043: 3042: 3034: 3028:, p. 51. 3027: 3022: 3014: 3013: 3012:Auckland Star 3005: 2990: 2989: 2984: 2977: 2969: 2968: 2967:Auckland Star 2960: 2952: 2951: 2943: 2936: 2931: 2925:, p. 98. 2924: 2919: 2913:, p. 87. 2912: 2907: 2900:. p. B7. 2899: 2898: 2890: 2874: 2870: 2864: 2857: 2852: 2845: 2840: 2834:, p. 63. 2833: 2828: 2821: 2816: 2800: 2796: 2790: 2784:, p. 50. 2783: 2778: 2772:, p. 70. 2771: 2766: 2764: 2755: 2749: 2745: 2738: 2731: 2727: 2722: 2715: 2710: 2703: 2698: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2676: 2668: 2664: 2663:"Brown Power" 2657: 2655: 2639: 2635: 2628: 2612: 2608: 2602: 2598: 2589: 2586: 2585: 2579: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2566:, and in the 2565: 2561: 2556: 2554: 2550: 2540: 2538: 2534: 2533:Virginia King 2525: 2521: 2518: 2514: 2513:renal failure 2509: 2507: 2506:2005 election 2503: 2502: 2497: 2496:John Campbell 2493: 2492: 2491:Campbell Live 2488:broadcast on 2487: 2483: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2462: 2460: 2456: 2447: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2423: 2420: 2416: 2410: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2385:Personal life 2382: 2380: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2362: 2357: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2338: 2334: 2333: 2327: 2325: 2324: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2275: 2272: 2266: 2261: 2257: 2256: 2255: 2253: 2248: 2246: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2207: 2202: 2198: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2132: 2130: 2126: 2117: 2108: 2106: 2095: 2091: 2089: 2085: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2062: 2057: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2037: 2035: 2034: 2023: 2020: 2009: 2004: 2000: 1990: 1988: 1987:David Caygill 1984: 1980: 1970: 1968: 1964: 1963:Judith Tizard 1959: 1956: 1952: 1946: 1936: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1916: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1880: 1875: 1871: 1868: 1860: 1856: 1851: 1847: 1839: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1804: 1803:Jerry Falwell 1801: 1800:televangelist 1797: 1788: 1784: 1775: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1764: 1758: 1754: 1748: 1740: 1735: 1726: 1722: 1720: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1705: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1680: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1665:Roger Douglas 1656: 1654: 1644: 1642: 1638: 1627: 1621: → 1620: 1615: 1612:← 1607: 1604: 1603:David Beattie 1601: 1595: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1551: 1545: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1521: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1483: 1480: 1479:member's bill 1477:voting for a 1476: 1472: 1471:snap election 1467: 1464: 1460: 1453:Lange in 1980 1451: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1427: 1423: 1418: 1415: 1412:, challenged 1411: 1407: 1406:Roger Douglas 1403: 1399: 1395: 1394:1978 election 1390: 1388: 1384: 1383:maiden speech 1380: 1376: 1372: 1367: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1344: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1160: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1145: 1131: 1128: 1116: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1100: 1094: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1054: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1029: 1027: 1022: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 994: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 969:ethos of the 968: 964: 960: 955: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 908: 906: 902: 901: 892: 867: 863: 859: 855: 844: 839: 837: 832: 830: 825: 824: 822: 821: 817: 810: 807: 805: 802: 801: 800: 799: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 757: 754: 753: 751: 750: 749: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 722: 721: 720: 719: 711: 708: 706: 703: 702: 698: 697: 691: 690: 686: 683: 682: 681: 680: 671: 657: 654: 650: 649: 646: 645: 637: 633: 629: 625: 622: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 598: 595: 591: 585: 581: 577: 573: 556:Margaret Pope 551: 550: 524: 523: 521: 517: 514: 511: 507: 503: 501:Resting place 499: 496: 492: 491:renal failure 488: 484: 480: 471: 467: 464:, New Zealand 463: 459: 455:4 August 1942 447: 443: 438: 434: 431: 428: 422: 419: 416: 410: 404: 399: 396: 390: 384: 380: 374: 370: 364: 360: 356: 350: 345: 342: 337: 333: 327: 324: 321: 315: 312: 309: 305: 299: 294: 291: 286: 283: 280: 274: 271: 270:Warren Cooper 268: 262: 256: 251: 248: 243: 239: 233: 230: 227: 221: 215: 210: 207: 202: 199: 196: 190: 187: 184: 178: 175: 171: 168: 162: 156: 151: 148: 143: 140: 137: 131: 128: 125: 119: 115: 111: 108: 104: 103:David Beattie 101: 97: 94: 91: 87: 81: 76: 73: 68: 64: 57: 52: 47: 43: 34: 29: 26: 22: 9021: 8919: 8915:Bikini Atoll 8821:C. F. Powell 8806:Kenzaburō Ōe 8781:Bernard Lown 8776:Amory Lovins 8770: 8635:South Africa 8357:Hugh Kāwharu 8327:Allen Curnow 8306:Ralph Hotere 8285: 8256:Ivan Lichter 8246:Miles Warren 8241:Roy McKenzie 8211:Whina Cooper 8171:Sonja Davies 8078:Anne Salmond 8063:Richie McCaw 8048:Albert Wendt 8033:Don McKinnon 7740:Moyle Affair 7725:Mason Affair 7720:Black Budget 7666:Young Labour 7593:Mount Albert 7547:Phil Twyford 7506:Jenny Salesa 7481:David Parker 7437:Ingrid Leary 7427:Peeni Henare 7369:Glen Bennett 7341: 7326: 7289:Organisation 7248:Michael Wood 7074:Dan Sullivan 7053:Senior Whips 6995:David Wilson 6977:Moses Ayrton 6941:Claire Szabó 6875:Jim Anderton 6857:Bill Rowling 6749:Peter Fraser 6544:Kelvin Davis 6532:Annette King 6526:David Parker 6514:Annette King 6483: 6466:Fred Hackett 6448:Peter Fraser 6411: 6403: 6371: 6363: 6355: 6348: 6347: 6341:Bill Rowling 6339: 6331: 6317: 6311:Peter Fraser 6309: 6301: 6142: 6124: 5756: 5714: 5687: 5682:Bill Rowling 5655: 5621: 5616:Bill Rowling 5594: 5567: 5540: 5508: 5484: 5399:Network News 5354: 5335: 5323: 5304: 5285: 5266: 5247: 5225: 5204:. Retrieved 5199: 5190: 5178:. Retrieved 5168: 5158:16 September 5156:. Retrieved 5152: 5142: 5131: 5122: 5110:. Retrieved 5106:the original 5092: 5080:. Retrieved 5075: 5066: 5054:. Retrieved 5049: 5040: 5028:. Retrieved 5022: 5015: 5003:. Retrieved 4999:the original 4974:. Retrieved 4970: 4960: 4948:. Retrieved 4934: 4922:. Retrieved 4918:the original 4913: 4903: 4891: 4882: 4873: 4861:. Retrieved 4857:the original 4847: 4835:. Retrieved 4831: 4821: 4814:Bassett 2008 4809: 4802:Bassett 2008 4797: 4785:. Retrieved 4780: 4771: 4759:. Retrieved 4752: 4727:. Retrieved 4723: 4713: 4701:. Retrieved 4697: 4687: 4675:. Retrieved 4671:the original 4666: 4657: 4645:. Retrieved 4641: 4631: 4619:. Retrieved 4614: 4605: 4593:. Retrieved 4589: 4580: 4568:. Retrieved 4564: 4554: 4543: 4534: 4522:. Retrieved 4516: 4507: 4502:, p. ?. 4487:, p. 1. 4480: 4457: 4451: 4440: 4434: 4424:– via 4418:. Retrieved 4413: 4398:Ghostarchive 4396:Archived at 4392: 4380:. Retrieved 4377:The Guardian 4376: 4366: 4347: 4341: 4314: 4308: 4289: 4283: 4256: 4238:Russell 1996 4233: 4213: 4206: 4199:Bassett 2008 4194: 4182:. Retrieved 4162: 4154: 4142:. Retrieved 4138:the original 4124: 4117:Russell 1996 4112: 4104: 4097:. Retrieved 4092: 4079: 4067:. Retrieved 4063:the original 4034: 4020: 4013: 4005: 3998:. Retrieved 3996:. 9:58–10:31 3993: 3980: 3968:. Retrieved 3953: 3946: 3934:. Retrieved 3927: 3914: 3907:Russell 1996 3902: 3895:Russell 1996 3890: 3878:. Retrieved 3871: 3858: 3846:. Retrieved 3839: 3819:Russell 1996 3814: 3802:. Retrieved 3797: 3788: 3776:. Retrieved 3771: 3762: 3753: 3749: 3737: 3727:19 September 3725:. Retrieved 3721: 3711: 3696: 3684: 3672:. Retrieved 3667: 3642:. Retrieved 3633: 3628: 3594: 3590: 3569: 3557:. Retrieved 3550: 3541: 3530: 3521: 3512: 3506: 3499:Russell 1996 3494: 3487:Russell 1996 3482: 3475:Russell 1996 3470: 3458:. Retrieved 3456:. 9:31–10:05 3451: 3438: 3426:. Retrieved 3406: 3398: 3386:. Retrieved 3379: 3356:Russell 1996 3351: 3334: 3328: 3316:. Retrieved 3309: 3300: 3288:. Retrieved 3264: 3256: 3244:. Retrieved 3240: 3230: 3223:Russell 1996 3218: 3204: 3197: 3190:Russell 1996 3162: 3155: 3143: 3136:Russell 1996 3131: 3124:Russell 1996 3104:. Retrieved 3097: 3091: 3084: 3073: 3067: 3056: 3050: 3039: 3038:"The Team". 3033: 3026:Bassett 2008 3021: 3010: 3004: 2992:. Retrieved 2986: 2976: 2965: 2959: 2948: 2942: 2930: 2918: 2906: 2895: 2889: 2877:. Retrieved 2872: 2863: 2851: 2839: 2827: 2815: 2803:. Retrieved 2798: 2789: 2777: 2743: 2737: 2729: 2721: 2709: 2697: 2689:the original 2675: 2666: 2641:. Retrieved 2637: 2627: 2615:. 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In 1319:in 1963 and 1313:Labour Party 1310: 1290:–1996 1267:–1993 1244:–1990 1221:–1987 1198:–1984 1175:–1981 1150:–1978 1111: 1103: 1098: 1090: 1067: 1058:Mangere East 1051: 1049: 1030: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1000: 956: 952:Bill Rowling 944:Labour Party 920:civil rights 909: 853: 852: 797: 796: 746: 745: 716: 715: 693: 667: 474:(2005-08-13) 425:Succeeded by 402: 377:Succeeded by 371:Bill Rowling 348: 330:Succeeded by 323:Bill Rowling 297: 277:Succeeded by 254: 236:Succeeded by 213: 193:Succeeded by 154: 134:Succeeded by 93:Elizabeth II 79: 25: 9068:2005 deaths 9063:1942 births 9017:Smiling Sun 8841:Jens Scheer 8771:David Lange 8761:Kate Hudson 8741:Paul Gunter 8731:John Gofman 8655:Switzerland 8640:South Korea 8620:Philippines 8615:New Zealand 8362:Paul Reeves 8337:Janet Frame 8286:David Lange 8266:Ken Douglas 8231:Miriam Dell 8156:C. E. Beeby 8099:C. K. 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