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part of everyday life. They were usually made of woolen fabric, woven by the women themselves or by a professional weaver. Many of the patterns, based on a limited range of colours from vegetable dyes, were common to almost all parts of the country. Variations in costume between the regions can best be seen in women's best Sunday attire, especially in the arrangement of the ever present headdress, either in the form of a bonnet or a scarf. The headpiece often consisted of a bonnet, a piece of linen underneath and a scarf to hold it in place, either in broad lace or in embroidered
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637:(Christmas nisse) later in the 19th century. Dressed in grey with a pointed red cap, he was no taller than a 10-year-old boy. Traditionally each farm had its own nisse living on the loft or in a stable. The creatures would be helpful if treated properly, for instance by giving them a bowl of porridge with a clump of butter at night, but, failing such treatment, they could also be troublesome.
539:
and partly by
Denmark's growing interest in Romanticism. He travelled around the country, recording and writing up legends, attracting the support of influential figures such as the literary historian Rasmus Nyerup, who wrote a foreword emphasizing the multifaceted significance of the enterprise. His
294:
Over the centuries, dancing has formed a key part of celebrations in
Denmark. Festive gatherings often took place in farmhouses where chain dances or rotational sequences provided opportunities for everyone to join in even if the room was packed. In the 17th and 18th centuries, music in Denmark could
421:
fastened by hooks or laced at the front was worn in some regions. Skirts, jackets and bodices were edged and decorated with flat or patterned silk tape while light scarves were worn around the neck to cover the shoulders and throat. Like the women, men's clothing was made mainly of flax and wool but
401:
The traditional costumes of
Denmark, though varying from region to region, date back roughly to the period between 1750 and 1900 when clothes were often home-made from yarn spun from wool or flax. In rural communities, the fabrication of garments for both family members and servants was an important
373:
Those taking part in the festivities wore their best Sunday costumes, which differed somewhat from region to region but were invariably made at home from flax, wool or linen. In the middle of the 19th century, both the traditional costumes and the dances began to die out. But by the beginning of the
426:
were often of leather. Long home-knitted white wollen stockings reached above the knee. In addition to long shirts, men wore several jerseys and jackets. The well-off displayed buttons made of silver although usually they were of tin or even horn. Men and women both generally wore clogs while men
227:
movement was based on the belief that there was a relationship between language, religion, traditions, songs and stories and those who practiced them. Common roots encouraged a country's inhabitants to share the concept of a modern nation. The approach spread to smaller, oppressed countries whose
612:
is a particularly well-known legendary figure in Danish folklore, apparently dating back to pre-Christian times when it was believed there were household gods. Other
Scandinavian countries also have similar figures and there are similarities to the English
560:
who further documented legends and folk tales across
Denmark. As Nyreup had foreseen, the work had an added dimension: "Providing material for poets and themes for further development." His collection did indeed have a profound influence on the
240:
to
Germany in 1864. A new awareness of common origins was born, encouraging researchers to investigate the everyday lives of countryfolk, at a time when folktales, poetry, songs and beliefs were beginning to disappear. By documenting
378:) was founded in Copenhagen, leading to local dancing societies throughout the country. Today there are some over 12,000 folk dancers belonging to 219 local clubs which provide courses in music, dancing and dressmaking.
374:
20th century, when there was renewed interest in the national heritage, a number of groups began to revive the music, the dances and the costumes. In 1901, the
Society for the Promotion of Danish Folk Dancing (
544:) was published between 1819 and 1823. The manner in which he presented the stories, recording the narratives given by the local people he met, served as an example and working method for subsequent work by
438:, took an interest in sketching people in local costumes in various parts of the country. He completed his collection of 31 coloured sketches in 1864, publishing them as coloured lithographs in
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in the various regions. Folklore today is part of the national heritage, represented in particular by national and local traditions, songs, folk dances and literature.
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grew with an emerging feeling of national consciousness in 19th century
Denmark. Researchers travelled across the country collecting innumerable folktales, songs and
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299:) who played together with their apprentices at family gatherings, local festivities and even in churches. There were however a few exceptions including
935:
Danish Fairy Tales: A Collection of
Popular Stories and Fairy Tales from the Danish of Svend Grundtvig, E. T. Kristensen, Ingvor Bondesen, and L. Budde.
953:
Historical studies on folk and traditional music: ICTM Study Group on
Historical Sources of Folk Music, conference report, Copenhagen, 24–28 April 1995
746:
Historical studies on folk and traditional music: ICTM Study Group on Historical Sources of Folk Music, conference report, Copenhagen, 24–28 April 1995
223:
As in the rest of Europe, interest in Danish folklore was a result of national and international trends in the early 19th century. In particular, the
557:
199:, myths and traditions communicated by the inhabitants of towns and villages across the country, often passed on from generation to generation by
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535:(Samples of Danish Folktales). This was to lead to far more significant research, inspired partly by the fairy tale collections of the
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260:. Furthermore, traditions changed with time while new trends were born. The research and archives compiled in the 19th century by
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867:"Sites of (re)Collection: A Digital Approach to Five Storytellers in the Folklore Collection of Evald Tang Kristensen"
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Skirts or petticoats were long, worn by the layer and invariably covered by an apron of fine silk or embroidered
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often had long, leather top-boots and both men and women wore leather dress shoes with a buckle in front.
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and the regional literature movement that dominated elite literary circles later in the 19th century.
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which maintained their own traditions. As the town musicians disliked traditional instruments such as
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By the second half of the 17th century, pair dances from Poland were introduced, especially the
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Today it is recognized that only a fraction of the sources can be traced back further than the
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politicians and intellectuals worked towards developing the population's awareness of a common
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have nevertheless contributed to a better appreciation and understanding of Danish folklore.
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245:, these intellectuals believed they had safeguarded an asset which had been passed on by
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417:. The upper part of the body was covered by a fabric jacket or blouse, A close-fitting
237:
224:
141:
35:
758:
Henning Urup, "Dansk spillemandsmusiks forudsætninger, kilder og særlige karaktertræk"
410:, there was a tradition for trailing bonnets embroidered with gold and silver thread.
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973:. Seattle: University of Washington Press. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press.
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1986:
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on Folk music" in Doris Stockmann & Jens Henrik Koudal (eds). 1997.
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only be performed in most areas by officially appointed town musicians (
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2013:
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629:(Danish Folktales) (1819–1823), which encouraged artists such as
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Danske Folkeeventyr, samlede. (Gesammelte dänische Volksmärchen)
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began to undertake cataloguing work on a voluntary basis at the
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1874:
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338:. Dances which became popular in the 19th century included the
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and the loss of Norway in 1814 and above all after the loss of
188:
944:. Tr. Jesse Grant Cramer. Boston: The Four Seas Company, 1912.
824:
Frits Lilbæk, "Historiemaler F C Lund: Danske Nationaldragter"
1965:
1958:
1810:
1767:
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1906:
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The System of Tales in the Folklore Collection of Copenhagen
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1995:
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Numerous Danish folktales contain mythical figures such as
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in Doris Stockmann & Jens Henrik Koudal (eds). 1997.
593:
581:'s poetry. Indeed, it laid the foundations for Denmark's
434:, who had travelled across Denmark as a soldier in the
531:
in Copenhagen where he compiled a short work titled
323:, the fiddle was increasingly used for dance music.
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801:"The National Association of Danish Folk Dancers"
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2011:
2002:
1993:
1956:
1922:
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1863:
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949:The impact of the "Stadsmusikant" on Folk music
740:Koudal, Jens Henrik. 1997. "The impact of the
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1975:
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971:Danish Folktales, Legends, and Other Stories
540:four-volume collection of Danish Folktales (
203:. As in neighbouring countries, interest in
760:in "Musik og forskning 2", 1976 Copenhagen
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1720:
1706:
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625:collected legends about the nisse in his
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23:Trolls living in the hills, postcard 1918
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385:
290:Folk dancing in Frederikshavn, June 2009
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18:
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702:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark
523:In 1817, the art historian and writer
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937:New York: Harper and Brothers, 1899.
647:
381:
232:. This applied to Denmark after the
812:Landsforeningen Danske Folkedansere
13:
376:Foreningen til Folkedansens Fremme
14:
2547:
996:
691:"National dress and folk dancing"
508:Folk tales and legendary figures
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495:
483:
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964:Folklore Fellows Communications
903:
883:
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969:Tangherlini, Timothy R. 2013.
840:
817:
794:
785:Dansk Folkemindesamlings arkiv
767:
751:
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1:
927:
880:. Retrieved 23 November 2011.
814:. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
764:. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
704:. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
640:
334:, soon to be followed by the
1104:Colonization of the Americas
565:, providing inspiration for
442:(Danish National Costumes).
7:
1506:Water supply and sanitation
1116:Scandinavian Monetary Union
947:Koudal, Jens Henrik. 1997.
920:Retrieved 23 November 2011.
900:Retrieved 23 November 2011.
857:Retrieved 23 November 2011.
837:Retrieved 24 November 2011.
791:Retrieved 24 November 2011.
731:Retrieved 24 November 2011.
674:Retrieved 22 November 2011.
10:
2552:
955:. Museum Tusculanum Press.
748:. Museum Tusculanum Press.
533:Prøver af danske Folkesagn
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2536:Social history of Denmark
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1158:Rescue of the Danish Jews
1059:
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933:Bay, Jens Christian, tr.
266:Henning Frederik Feilberg
1263:Administrative divisions
604:as well as figures from
282:Danish traditional music
2012:
2003:
1994:
1864:
1855:
1797:
1642:National (civic) anthem
940:Grundtvig, Sven, coll.
725:Det Kongelige Bibliotek
668:Dansk Folkemindesamling
567:Hans Christian Andersen
432:Frederik Christian Lund
391:Frederik Christian Lund
342:and Danish variants of
30:Part of a series on the
2212:Bosnia and Herzegovina
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1341:The unity of the Realm
571:Steen Steensen Blicher
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440:Danske Nationaldragter
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291:
276:Music and folk dancing
24:
1730:Scandinavian folklore
1387:2000s property bubble
1003:Danish Folklore Nexus
657:"Samlingens historie"
550:Evald Tang Kristensen
515:
389:
289:
270:Evald Tang Kristensen
22:
631:Johan Thomas Lundbye
575:Johan Ludvig Heiberg
517:Johan Thomas Lundbye
490:Girl from Skovshoved
2428:States with limited
1576:Modern Breakthrough
1227:Mountains and hills
623:Just Mathias Thiele
583:Modern Breakthrough
525:Just Mathias Thiele
502:Woman from Bornholm
454:Farmer from Zealand
436:First Schleswig War
406:. On the island of
330:, a variant of the
16:Folklore in Denmark
2531:Culture of Denmark
2164:Folklore of Europe
2107:Old Norse religion
1146:Duchy of Lauenburg
1136:Duchy of Schleswig
1053:Kingdom of Denmark
992:. Kjobehavn: 1823.
958:Lunding, Astrid. "
942:Danish Fairy Tales
872:2012-04-26 at the
829:2012-01-11 at the
806:2016-03-10 at the
779:2012-04-26 at the
696:2011-10-08 at the
662:2011-11-23 at the
573:'s short stories,
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466:Woman from Haudrup
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225:German Romanticism
36:Culture of Denmark
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1356:Political parties
1312:Freedom of speech
1302:Foreign relations
1295:Danish Parliament
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1141:Duchy of Holstein
977:Winther, Matthias
966:(FFC) nÂş 2. 1910.
714:"Stadsmusikanter"
579:Christian Winther
563:Danish Golden Age
382:National costumes
253:or even earlier.
213:traditional dress
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569:'s fairytales,
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855:(in Danish)
847:"R. Nyerup"
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762:(in Danish)
729:(in Danish)
672:(in Danish)
430:The artist
356:rheinlænder
258:Renaissance
251:Middle Ages
127:Photography
2520:Categories
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2334:Montenegro
2314:Luxembourg
2294:Kazakhstan
2197:Azerbaijan
2057:Askeladden
1866:Marmennill
1834:Gjenganger
1790:Deildegast
1773:Changeling
1571:Literature
1409:(currency)
1278:Corruption
1111:Golden Age
1074:Viking Age
928:Literature
641:References
554:Axel Olrik
280:See also:
249:since the
185:folk tales
122:Philosophy
100:Newspapers
90:Television
75:Literature
2485:Gibraltar
2309:Lithuania
1971:Troll cat
1825:Fossegrim
1783:Cyprianus
1756:Bäckahäst
1566:Jante Law
1501:Languages
1481:Education
1445:Transport
1288:Elections
1202:Geography
1170:Geography
1089:Danevirke
635:julenisse
368:schottish
238:Schleswig
230:ethnicity
132:Sculpture
105:Magazines
2505:Svalbard
2490:Guernsey
2437:Abkhazia
2389:Slovenia
2384:Slovakia
2359:Portugal
2217:Bulgaria
2116:See also
1987:Vardøger
1747:Askafroa
1682:Category
1611:Religion
1561:Folklore
1425:Taxation
1351:Military
1336:Monarchy
1251:Politics
1043:articles
870:Archived
827:Archived
804:Archived
777:Archived
717:Archived
694:Archived
660:Archived
615:brownies
364:sveitrit
317:bagpipes
301:Bornholm
205:folklore
110:Internet
70:Holidays
65:Folklore
2414:Ukraine
2364:Romania
2324:Moldova
2282:Ireland
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2272:Hungary
2262:Germany
2257:Georgia
2247:Finland
2242:Estonia
2237:Denmark
2222:Croatia
2207:Belgium
2202:Belarus
2192:Austria
2187:Armenia
2182:Andorra
2177:Albania
2095:Origins
1978:Valravn
1943:SkogsrĂĄ
1916:BergsrĂĄ
1893:Nis Puk
1843:Helhest
1816:Erlking
1666:Outline
1625:Symbols
1549:Cuisine
1526:Culture
1459:Society
1440:Tourism
1370:Economy
1232:Regions
1222:Mammals
1212:Islands
1207:Forests
1061:History
1039:Denmark
962:". In:
890:"Nisse"
598:goblins
408:Zealand
219:History
209:sayings
193:dancing
189:legends
142:Theatre
55:Cuisine
2500:Jersey
2442:Kosovo
2409:Turkey
2399:Sweden
2379:Serbia
2369:Russia
2354:Poland
2349:Norway
2329:Monaco
2299:Latvia
2267:Greece
2252:France
2227:Cyprus
2066:Blenda
2048:People
2005:Vættir
1959:Skrømt
1925:Hulder
1875:Myling
1850:Kraken
1799:Draugr
1738:Beings
1687:Portal
1591:People
1544:Cinema
1407:Krone
1392:Energy
1283:Courts
1237:Rivers
1187:Cities
1041:
774:"Dans"
608:. The
602:wights
600:, and
590:trolls
422:their
419:bodice
397:(1884)
344:contra
336:minuet
332:polska
305:Amager
137:Sports
85:Cinema
60:Design
2475:Ă…land
2394:Spain
2319:Malta
2289:Italy
2014:VÇ«rĂ°r
1996:Vargr
1966:Troll
1952:Selma
1934:Sjörå
1884:Nisse
1806:Dwarf
1768:Bysen
1673:Index
1616:Sport
1586:Music
1581:Media
1516:Youth
1511:Women
1471:Danes
1217:Lakes
1182:Birds
984:]
610:nisse
594:elves
404:tulle
360:galop
352:hopsa
340:waltz
313:drums
117:Music
95:Radio
80:Media
2075:Disa
1900:Neck
1857:Mara
1763:Bøyg
1637:Flag
1554:Wine
878:UCLA
619:hobs
617:and
556:and
415:mull
395:Læsø
366:and
346:and
328:pols
319:and
309:Fanø
307:and
268:and
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1534:Art
1324:Law
50:Art
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