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295:. However, the story is a myth; though Tandy did indeed work at Bletchley, he was not recruited by mistake. At the time the field of cryptography was very new, and so it was typical to hire those with education and expertise in other fields.
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174:. At one time, the cryptogams were formally recognised as a group within the plant kingdom. In his system for classification of all known plants and animals,
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155: 'to marry') means "hidden reproduction", meaning non-seed bearing plants. Other names, such as "
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464:"The Debunked Yet Interesting Myth About How Seaweed Apparently Helped Break the Enigma Code"
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kingdom today; the fungi, in particular, are a separate kingdom, more closely related to
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Any plant or plant-like organism that reproduces by spores, without flowers or seeds
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International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
242:
234:
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Davies, Mike (20 January 1999). "Cracking the code at last of
253:, "Cryptogamae" is not a taxonomically coherent group, but is
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reproductive organs. He divided
Cryptogamia into four orders:
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257:. However, the names of all cryptogams are regulated by the
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535:
445:
Hanks, Robert (20 January 1999). "Television Review".
163:", and "spore plants" have occasionally been used.
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501:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 155.
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287:, a marine biologist expert in cryptogams, to
229:Not all cryptogams are treated as part of the
178:(1707–1778) divided the plant kingdom into 24
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166:As a group, Cryptogamae are paired with the
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210:. The classification is now deprecated in
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398:"Television Tuesday Watching brief"
396:Smithies, Sandy (19 January 1999).
291:, when someone confused these with
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24:
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281:Government Code and Cypher School
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462:Knighton, Andrew (2018-05-27).
345:Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh
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275:story: it is said that during
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1:
1245:Tetrasporal/capsal/palmelloid
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249:. Therefore, in contemporary
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138: 'hidden' and
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378:Cryptogamic Botany, Vol. 1
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313:Biology of the Rhodophyta
289:Station X, Bletchley Park
566:Mastigophora/Flagellates
30:Not to be confused with
1604:Baas-Becking hypothesis
498:Encyclopædia Britannica
1599:Microbial biogeography
170:or Spermatophyta, the
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619:Fungus-like organisms
311:Dixon, P. S. (1973).
101:, without flowers or
82:Hypholoma fasciculare
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69:Pelvetia canaliculata
66:
53:
43:Polystichum setiferum
40:
1334:Simple cell membrane
1270:Pseudoparenchymatous
1258:Filamentous/trichal/
1242:Colonial flagellated
1175:Collar of microvilli
1548:Contractile vacuole
1499:Meiosis in protists
1480:Mitosis in protists
1458:Multinucleate cells
680:Flagellar apparatus
629:Ambiregnal protists
571:Sarcodina/Amoeboids
237:than plants, while
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1102:Periplast/pellicle
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251:plant systematics
212:Linnaean taxonomy
93:(scientific name
56:Grimmia pulvinata
16:(Redirected from
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351:on 2007-11-18
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1772:Botany stubs
1722:expanding it
1711:
1645:Heterotrophy
1615:Reproduction
1490:Orthomitosis
1475:Heterokaryon
1422:Mitochondria
1323:Cell surface
1199:organization
1155:Opisthokonta
978:Micronucleus
973:Macronucleus
875:Pneumatocyst
691:Glaucophytes
675:Phragmoplast
614:Thallophytes
608:
541:Protistology
537:Microbiology
496:
471:. Retrieved
467:
457:
446:
440:
429:
419:
407:. Retrieved
403:The Guardian
401:
391:
377:
353:. Retrieved
349:the original
341:"Cryptogams"
335:
312:
306:
277:World War II
270:
258:
255:polyphyletic
228:
224:Pteridophyta
194:), Filices (
183:
168:Phanerogamae
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161:lower plants
157:thallophytes
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1675:Necrotrophy
1660:Saprotrophy
1650:Phagotrophy
1638:Phototrophy
1631:Nutrition:
1620:Life cycles
1611:Development
1585:Ecology and
1453:Nucleomorph
1407:Pseudopodia
1208:Unicellular
1092:Euglenoidea
1076:Kinetoplast
860:Brown algae
828:Mastigoneme
766:Mastigoneme
756:Cryptophyta
666:green algae
624:Slime molds
383:McGraw-Hill
293:cryptograms
216:Thallophyta
204:slime molds
172:seed plants
115:Cryptogamae
95:Cryptogamae
18:Cryptogamic
1767:Cryptogams
1761:Categories
1689:Auxotrophy
1684:Mixotrophy
1665:Parasitism
1655:Osmotrophy
1633:Autotrophy
1587:physiology
1463:Plasmodium
1389:Locomotion
1325:structures
1289:Coenocytic
1033:Phytomyxea
1004:Apicoplast
932:Dinokaryon
911:Trichocyst
782:Haptophyte
670:Phycoplast
638:Morphology
609:Cryptogams
473:2024-05-13
355:2007-07-02
299:References
283:recruited
273:apocryphal
208:Cyanophyta
192:bryophytes
117:(from
85:, a fungus
32:cryptogram
1670:Biotrophy
1543:Extrusome
1533:Cytostome
1397:Flagellum
1354:Cell wall
1313:/histonal
1293:Siphonous
1284:Syncytial
1252:Coenobial
1248:Sarcinoid
1197:Levels of
1136:Macrocyst
1116:Amoebozoa
1081:Glycosome
1009:Microneme
889:Alveolata
797:Haptonema
792:Coccolith
771:Periplast
717:Red algae
701:Cyanelles
588:Infusoria
426:Station X
220:Bryophyta
190:, Musci (
184:concealed
113:The name
91:cryptogam
1563:Axostyle
1558:Pyrenoid
1538:Fimbriae
1470:Dikaryon
1435:Mitosome
1364:Skeleton
1349:Frustule
1339:Mucilage
1311:tissular
1235:Colonial
1218:Amoeboid
1213:Monadoid
1141:Sorocarp
1056:Excavate
1023:Rhizaria
953:Ciliates
937:Dinocyst
898:General:
849:Frustule
820:General:
746:Hacrobia
597:Sporozoa
592:Ciliates
581:Heliozoa
561:Protozoa
545:Protists
375:(1938).
247:bacteria
109:Taxonomy
59:, a moss
46:, a fern
1506:Zygotic
1503:Gametic
1445:Nucleus
1223:Coccoid
1188:General
999:Rhoptry
906:Alveoli
839:Diatoms
576:Testate
409:23 July
235:animals
198:), and
180:classes
133:kruptós
126:κρυπτός
1714:botany
1509:Sporic
1487:Closed
1402:Cilium
1359:Lorica
1260:hyphal
968:Cirrus
963:Cilium
870:Lamina
552:Former
323:
243:phylum
241:are a
222:, and
206:, and
99:spores
1712:This
1520:Other
1374:Theca
1344:Scale
942:Theca
604:Algae
231:plant
200:fungi
196:ferns
188:Algae
150:gaméō
143:γαμέω
121:
103:seeds
1718:stub
1528:Cyst
1484:Open
1369:Test
1307:s.s.
1238:s.s.
411:2015
321:ISBN
159:", "
668:":
428:".
271:An
245:of
105:.
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364:^
343:.
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218:,
89:A
1749:e
1742:t
1735:v
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