198:, it was one of the most advanced prisons of its day. Built within a five-sided wall, the four wings are up to four storeys in height and fan off from the central area which was known as The Circle. The prison was originally built to hold between 500 and 550 prisoners in cells that measured 12 × 7 feet, (365 cm x 213 cm) It was the first prison in Northern Ireland to be built according to "The Separate System", intended to separate prisoners from each other with no communication between them.
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The first 106 inmates, who were forced to walk from
Carrickfergus Prison in chains, arrived in 1846. These inmates, who were men, women and children, completed the changeover of the two prisons. Children from impoverished working-class families were often imprisoned at the gaol in the early years for
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When originally designed by Lanyon, the prison did not contain a gallows and the executions were carried out in public view until 1901, when an execution chamber was constructed within the prison walls and used until the last of the hangings in 1961. Seventeen prisoners were
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The gaol closed its doors as a prison in 1996 and it was empty for many years. A restoration project was announced in August 2010. In
November 2012, the prison opened as a tourist attraction and conference centre and now hosts concerts. The museum welcomed a visit by Queen
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in 1961 for the murder of Pearl Gamble. The condemned would live in a cell, large enough for two guards to live in as well. The bodies of the executed were buried inside the prison in unconsecrated ground, against the back wall beside the prison hospital. The execution of
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The gaol has a reputation for being a paranormally active location and run their own guided ghost walks and paranormal investigations. The grounds played host to the 2020
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offences such as stealing food or clothing. Thirteen-year-old
Patrick Magee, who had been sentenced to three months in prison, hanged himself in his cell in 1858.
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Despite being known as Europe's
Alcatraz, there were a number of successful escape attempts at the Gaol with the first being recorded in 1866. In May 1941, five
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191:, and known as the County Gaol for Antrim, it was constructed of black basalt rock on ten acres at the bottom of the Crumlin Road. Partly based on
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During its 150-year history the gaol had many prisoners pass through its doors. Some of the more well known prisoners included
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On 24 November 1991, during the last stages of the
Troubles, the Loyalist wing of the prison became the target of a
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Especially in the early 1970s, as many as three prisoners were placed in each cell. In
October 1971 members of the
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Three Gaols: Images of
Crumlin Road, Long Kesh and Armagh Prisons; Author: Robert Kerr. Publisher: MSF Press,
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competition while the prison was used as a location for the third series of the BBC children's TV series
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Women inmates were kept in the prison block house until the early 1900s. Ulster
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A Brief
History of the Crumlin Road Gaol at CultureNorthernIreland.org
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status because of its architectural and historical significance. The
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533:"Crumlin Road Gaol: Evolution from symbol of conflict to concerts"
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prisoners made their escape over the wall to freedom. During the
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were allowed to inspect the prison/internment center along with
469:, Facts on File, Inc, New York, pgs 139-140, ISBN 0-87196-182-2
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former prison in
Northern Ireland. It is colloquially known as
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560:"Gavin Bilton from Caerphilly wins UK's Strongest Man event"
482:, Argenta Publications, Dublin, pg 694-695, ISBN 0951117246
409:"Crumlin Road Gaol – A Must See attraction in Belfast City"
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495:, Facts on File, Inc, New York, pg 158, ISBN 0-87196-182-2
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and Madge Muir, were imprisoned in the gaol during 1914.
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493:Northern Ireland: Half a Century of Partition
467:Northern Ireland: Half a Century of Partition
382:. culturenorthernireland.org. Archived from
624:North Belfast Community Action Unit website
277:made successful escapes from Crumlin Road.
435:"The Women's Suffrage Movement – Timeline"
27:Former prison in Belfast, Northern Ireland
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440:. Northern Ireland Assembly. p. 4.
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480:The IRA in the Twilight Years 1923-1948
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676:Government buildings completed in 1845
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380:"A brief history of Crumlin Road Gaol"
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140:. Since 1996 it is the only remaining
696:Prison museums in the United Kingdom
539:from the original on 1 December 2017
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711:Defunct prisons in Northern Ireland
686:Buildings and structures in Belfast
558:Brooke, Boucher (11 October 2020).
153:Northern Ireland Environment Agency
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701:Prison museums in Northern Ireland
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447:from the original on 4 March 2016
415:from the original on 16 July 2009
273:and several other members of the
585:"The Sparticle Mystery series 3"
531:McGarvey, Paul (31 March 2016).
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619:Northern Ireland Prison Service
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175:Crumlin Road Gaol interior view
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681:1846 establishments in Ireland
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507:"CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths"
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256:Long Kesh Detention Centre
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691:Grade A listed buildings
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589:Northern Ireland Screen
252:International Red Cross
161:Crumlin Road Courthouse
155:has given it a grade A
564:southwalesargus.co.uk/
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334:The Sparticle Mystery
275:Irish Republican Army
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187:on Antrim Street in
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315:Post prison history
303:bomb that killed a
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706:Museums in Belfast
329:UK's Strongest Man
245:Thomas Pierrepoint
181:Sir Charles Lanyon
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57:, Northern Ireland
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614:Crumlin Road Gaol
591:. 10 January 2017
505:Sutton, Malcolm.
411:. goireland.com.
359:978-0-9568069-0-1
286:Martin McGuinness
228:Robert McGladdery
122:Crumlin Road Gaol
118:HM Prison Belfast
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16:(Redirected from
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417:. Retrieved
388:. Retrieved
384:the original
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322:Elizabeth II
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237:Tom Williams
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212:suffragettes
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179:Designed by
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167:Construction
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130:Crumlin Road
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516:14 November
451:21 February
294:Bobby Sands
196:Pentonville
670:Categories
640:54°36′32″N
341:References
311:prisoner.
643:5°56′31″W
569:5 January
543:25 August
419:10 August
324:in 2014.
202:Operation
193:HM Prison
132:in north
595:12 March
537:Archived
442:Archived
413:Archived
390:9 August
267:Troubles
230:who was
224:executed
146:the Crum
81:Variable
78:Capacity
51:Location
134:Belfast
102:Website
55:Belfast
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307:and a
232:hanged
126:prison
94:Closed
86:Opened
65:Museum
62:Status
445:(PDF)
438:(PDF)
597:2022
571:2022
545:2017
518:2016
453:2016
421:2009
392:2009
355:ISBN
292:and
185:Gaol
151:The
109:.com
89:1846
73:High
309:UDA
305:UVF
241:IRA
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
