28:
2079:
17:
62:
The crownwork was used to extend the fortified area in a particular direction, often in order to defend a bridge, prevent the enemy occupying an area of high ground, or simply strengthen the overall fortifications in the expected direction of attack.
1473:
95:
2104:
186:
1289:
1883:
1578:
59:
with the walls on either side ending in half bastions from which longer flank walls run back towards the main fortress.
1698:
1483:
1908:
101:
117:
1131:
669:
179:
1468:
549:
1064:
1513:
1138:
2010:
1088:
2057:
1832:
1538:
1533:
1453:
1250:
1197:
1167:
924:
854:
798:
375:
172:
27:
2082:
1898:
1488:
1385:
1270:
454:
127:
111:
2035:
1873:
1655:
1408:
1145:
968:
297:
153:
2020:
1548:
1174:
973:
939:
339:
221:
8:
1837:
1573:
929:
307:
1959:
1568:
1543:
1528:
1523:
1373:
1353:
1150:
711:
578:
322:
2015:
1974:
1949:
1822:
1503:
1343:
1190:
776:
654:
332:
275:
1989:
1964:
1893:
1817:
1418:
1413:
1348:
899:
703:
282:
154:"A Popular View of Fortification and Gunnery, No. I. 49, No. II. 316, No. III. 586"
1878:
1730:
1703:
1643:
1613:
1498:
1463:
1443:
1428:
983:
978:
946:
707:
649:
637:
619:
486:
467:
393:
370:
40:
2047:
2042:
1708:
1693:
1628:
1618:
1493:
1478:
1378:
1368:
1333:
1207:
1000:
697:
664:
628:
444:
302:
266:
2098:
2052:
2005:
1913:
1903:
1857:
1827:
1812:
1781:
1762:
1623:
1563:
1518:
1433:
1392:
1202:
835:
830:
563:
526:
511:
462:
407:
386:
195:
44:
2030:
1888:
1852:
1807:
1791:
1719:
1672:
1648:
1638:
1633:
1448:
1265:
1126:
1093:
958:
894:
869:
781:
755:
723:
717:
659:
598:
568:
416:
1929:
1786:
1755:
1737:
1725:
1667:
1662:
1603:
1598:
1558:
1458:
1423:
1319:
1222:
993:
963:
953:
859:
748:
365:
312:
556:
1954:
1774:
1746:
1677:
1553:
1508:
1438:
1358:
1255:
1160:
1100:
1059:
1037:
988:
934:
884:
879:
864:
823:
771:
729:
674:
516:
432:
1934:
479:
1363:
1294:
1116:
1049:
690:
603:
533:
491:
317:
287:
248:
214:
1847:
1842:
1767:
1608:
1326:
1301:
1284:
1214:
1155:
1083:
1076:
919:
807:
681:
501:
496:
472:
400:
380:
360:
327:
73:
48:
1979:
1944:
1939:
1277:
1260:
1245:
1229:
1181:
1109:
1054:
1044:
1012:
914:
889:
874:
644:
588:
506:
353:
346:
292:
164:
56:
52:
21:
1984:
1338:
904:
842:
786:
764:
741:
734:
610:
593:
425:
257:
239:
209:
2025:
1969:
1713:
1238:
1069:
909:
230:
16:
1007:
849:
816:
791:
583:
573:
542:
521:
158:
The United
Service Journal and Naval and Military Magazine
146:
The
Artillerist's Manual, and British Soldier's Compendium
160:. London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley. 1830.
2096:
436:
998:
944:
762:
608:
1653:
1383:
1212:
1188:
805:
796:
753:
477:
273:
264:
180:
1772:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1324:
1299:
1275:
1236:
1227:
1179:
1165:
1136:
1107:
1098:
1074:
1035:
840:
821:
739:
688:
679:
635:
626:
617:
554:
540:
531:
414:
391:
423:
405:
351:
337:
255:
246:
237:
228:
219:
187:
173:
143:
107:
26:
15:
2105:Fortification (architectural elements)
2097:
152:
144:Griffiths, Frederick Augustus (1862).
123:
168:
1579:Weapons Storage and Security System
13:
194:
14:
2116:
148:(9th ed.). Parker & Son.
2078:
2077:
47:and is effectively an expanded
87:
1:
1474:British "hedgehog" road block
137:
7:
1884:Cities with defensive walls
1469:Defensive fighting position
1384:
1189:
999:
945:
806:
797:
763:
754:
609:
66:
31:Feature 'l' is a crownwork.
10:
2121:
55:). It consists of a full
2068:
1998:
1922:
1866:
1800:
1686:
1591:
1514:Hardened aircraft shelter
1489:Entry control point (ECP)
1401:
1312:
1028:
1021:
453:
202:
2011:Continuity of government
80:
1833:Motte-and-bailey castle
1539:Missile launch facility
1534:Main line of resistance
229:
76:, St Petersburg, Russia
1909:Military installations
1773:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1654:
1325:
1300:
1276:
1266:Scarp and Counterscarp
1237:
1228:
1213:
1180:
1166:
1137:
1108:
1099:
1075:
1036:
841:
822:
740:
689:
680:
636:
627:
618:
555:
541:
532:
478:
437:
424:
415:
406:
392:
352:
338:
274:
265:
256:
247:
238:
220:
32:
24:
20:A crownwork outside a
1678:Floating water castle
1409:Admiralty scaffolding
702:Fortified buildings (
39:is an element of the
30:
19:
2021:Subterranean warfare
974:Viking ring fortress
1838:Quadrangular castle
1574:Weapon storage area
930:Quadrangular castle
1569:Underground hangar
1354:Fire control tower
1151:Gunpowder magazine
579:Butter-churn tower
33:
25:
2092:
2091:
2016:Military urbanism
1950:Fortified gateway
1823:Concentric castle
1587:
1586:
1504:Fire support base
1344:Coastal artillery
1219:(Spanish America)
813:
655:Concentric castle
2112:
2081:
2080:
2074:
1965:National redoubt
1894:Fortified estate
1818:Circular rampart
1778:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1659:
1419:Anti-tank trench
1414:Air raid shelter
1389:
1349:Disappearing gun
1330:
1305:
1281:
1242:
1233:
1218:
1194:
1185:
1171:
1142:
1113:
1104:
1080:
1041:
1026:
1025:
1004:
984:Bailey (or ward)
950:
855:Motte-and-bailey
846:
827:
811:
803:
802:
768:
759:
745:
694:
685:
641:
632:
623:
614:
560:
546:
537:
483:
440:
429:
420:
411:
397:
357:
343:
283:Circular rampart
279:
270:
261:
252:
243:
234:
225:
189:
182:
175:
166:
165:
161:
149:
131:
121:
115:
105:
99:
91:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2072:
2064:
1994:
1918:
1862:
1796:
1731:Imperial castle
1704:Coercion castle
1699:Coastal defence
1682:
1644:Promontory fort
1614:Hillside castle
1583:
1499:Fallout shelter
1464:Concertina wire
1444:Border security
1397:
1308:
1017:
650:Coercion castle
638:Cheval de frise
620:Chemin de ronde
468:Albarrana tower
449:
394:Schwedenschanze
371:Promontory fort
198:
193:
140:
135:
134:
122:
118:
106:
102:
92:
88:
83:
69:
41:trace italienne
12:
11:
5:
2118:
2108:
2107:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2050:
2048:Trench warfare
2045:
2043:Tunnel warfare
2040:
2039:
2038:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1899:Fortifications
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1716:
1711:
1709:Counter-castle
1706:
1701:
1696:
1694:Border barrier
1690:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Lowland castle
1626:
1621:
1619:Hilltop castle
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1494:Electric fence
1491:
1486:
1484:Dragon's teeth
1481:
1479:Czech hedgehog
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1393:Wire obstacles
1390:
1381:
1379:Polygonal fort
1376:
1371:
1369:Martello tower
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1334:Border outpost
1331:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1220:
1210:
1208:Polygonal fort
1205:
1200:
1195:
1186:
1177:
1172:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1032:
1030:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
838:
833:
828:
819:
814:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
760:
751:
746:
737:
732:
727:
720:
715:
700:
698:Flanking tower
695:
686:
677:
672:
667:
665:Counter-castle
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
633:
624:
615:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
552:
547:
538:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
475:
470:
465:
459:
457:
455:Post-classical
451:
450:
448:
447:
445:Vitrified fort
442:
430:
421:
412:
403:
398:
389:
384:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
349:
344:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
303:Defensive wall
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
271:
262:
253:
244:
235:
226:
217:
212:
206:
204:
200:
199:
196:Fortifications
192:
191:
184:
177:
169:
163:
162:
150:
139:
136:
133:
132:
116:
108:Griffiths 1862
100:
85:
84:
82:
79:
78:
77:
68:
65:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2117:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2085:
2084:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2053:Urban warfare
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2006:Civil defense
2004:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:Bastion forts
1872:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1858:Z-plan castle
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1828:L-plan castle
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1813:Bridge castle
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1782:Refuge castle
1780:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1763:Military base
1761:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:Hunting lodge
1724:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1639:Moated castle
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:Island castle
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:By topography
1590:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1564:Submarine pen
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1519:Hesco bastion
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:Blast shelter
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1203:Place-of-arms
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
949:
948:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
845:
844:
839:
837:
836:Machicolation
834:
832:
831:L-plan castle
829:
826:
825:
820:
818:
815:
810:
809:
801:
800:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
767:
766:
761:
758:
757:
752:
750:
747:
744:
743:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
725:
721:
719:
716:
713:
709:
705:
701:
699:
696:
693:
692:
687:
684:
683:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
640:
639:
634:
631:
630:
625:
622:
621:
616:
613:
612:
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45:fortification
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2076:
2031:Siege engine
1999:Other topics
1923:Related word
1889:Defense line
1853:Tower castle
1808:Bastion fort
1792:Urban castle
1720:Ganerbenburg
1718:
1673:Water castle
1649:Ridge castle
1634:Marsh castle
1449:Bomb shelter
1429:Belgian gate
1402:20th century
1313:19th century
1251:Retrenchment
1223:Punji sticks
1132:Entrenchment
1127:Device Forts
1121:
1094:Counterguard
1029:Early modern
959:Tower castle
895:Powder tower
870:Outer bailey
782:Inner bailey
756:Gulyay-gorod
724:Ganerbenburg
722:
718:Fujian tulou
660:Corner tower
599:Chamber gate
569:Bridge tower
417:Trou de loup
157:
145:
119:
103:
94:
89:
61:
36:
34:
1930:Castle town
1787:Toll castle
1756:Lustschloss
1738:Kaiserpfalz
1668:Spur castle
1663:Rock castle
1604:Hill castle
1599:Cave castle
1559:Spider hole
1459:Bremer wall
1424:Barbed tape
1320:Barbed wire
994:Witch tower
964:Tower house
954:Toll castle
940:Shield wall
860:Murder hole
749:Guard tower
366:Pincer gate
313:Faussebraye
124:Editor 1830
96:Cyclopaedia
51:(a type of
1955:Gatekeeper
1775:Ordensburg
1747:Landesburg
1554:Sentry gun
1509:Flak tower
1439:Blast wall
1359:Gun turret
1256:Sally port
1161:Kotta mara
1101:Couvreface
1065:Breastwork
1060:Blockhouse
1038:Abwurfdach
989:Watchtower
979:Wall tower
935:Shell keep
885:Portcullis
880:Peel tower
865:Neck ditch
824:Landesburg
772:Half tower
730:Gate tower
675:Drawbridge
517:Battlement
433:Wagon fort
276:Chengqiang
138:References
126:, p.
110:, p.
43:system of
2058:Guerrilla
1801:By design
1549:Revetment
1364:Land mine
1295:Star fort
1122:Crownwork
1117:Covertway
1050:Barricade
691:Embrasure
604:Chartaque
534:Bergfried
492:Arrowslit
318:Gatehouse
288:City gate
249:Castellum
215:Acropolis
93:From the
37:crownwork
2099:Category
2083:Category
2073:See also
1960:Loophole
1848:Ringwork
1843:Ringfort
1768:Obstacle
1609:Hillfort
1529:Loophole
1327:Barbette
1302:Tenaille
1285:Sea fort
1215:Presidio
1175:Magazine
1156:Hornwork
1089:Cavalier
1084:Casemate
1077:Caponier
920:Ringwork
808:Detinets
777:Hoarding
682:Enceinte
557:Bretèche
502:Bartizan
497:Barbican
473:Alcazaba
401:Stockade
381:Ringfort
361:Palisade
333:Landwehr
328:Hillfort
74:Kronverk
67:See also
49:hornwork
1990:Vedette
1980:Schloss
1945:Festung
1940:Dungeon
1935:Château
1879:Castles
1687:By role
1544:Pillbox
1374:Outpost
1290:Station
1278:Schanze
1261:Sandbag
1246:Redoubt
1230:Ravelin
1198:Palanka
1182:Orillon
1168:Lunette
1110:Coupure
1055:Bastion
1045:Arsenal
1013:Zwinger
925:Roundel
915:Ricetto
890:Postern
875:Outwork
799:Kremlin
670:Curtain
645:Citadel
629:Chemise
589:Caltrop
507:Bastion
480:Alcázar
376:Rampart
354:Oppidum
347:Nuraghe
293:Crannog
267:Castros
203:Ancient
57:bastion
53:outwork
22:bastion
1985:Trench
1975:Picket
1386:Sangar
1339:Bunker
1271:Sconce
1191:Ostrog
1139:Flèche
1022:Modern
1001:Yagura
969:Turret
905:Reduit
843:Merlon
787:Kasbah
765:Gusuku
742:Glacis
735:Gabion
704:church
611:Chashi
594:Castle
438:Laager
426:Vallum
383:(Rath)
258:Castra
240:Burgus
210:Abatis
2026:Siege
1970:Palas
1914:Walls
1904:Forts
1867:Lists
1714:Fence
1656:Rocca
1524:Kabal
1239:Redan
1146:Gorge
1070:Canal
947:Shiro
910:Ribat
900:Qalat
712:Dzong
708:house
408:Sudis
340:Limes
298:Ditch
231:Broch
222:Agger
81:Notes
2036:list
1454:Buoy
1008:Yett
850:Moat
817:Ksar
792:Keep
584:Caer
574:Burh
550:Boom
543:Berm
522:Bawn
487:Amba
323:Gord
72:The
308:Dun
128:590
112:262
2101::
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710:,
706:,
156:.
35:A
812:)
804:(
714:)
441:)
435:(
188:e
181:t
174:v
130:.
114:.
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