59:
two or more disciplines or established areas of expertise in order to explain a phenomenon, solve a problem, create a product, or raise a new question" they are demonstrating interdisciplinary understanding. For over a decade, Project Zero researchers at the
Harvard Graduate School of Education have been studying interdisciplinary work across a range of settings. They have found interdisciplinary understanding to be crucial for modern-thinking students. Developing a cognitive and social model of interdisciplinary learning is still a challenge.
3197:
2205:
2215:
1427:
3207:
66:
government class. AP government teacher Dayna Laur states that, "Integrated studies projects create a connectedness between disciplines that otherwise might seem unrelated to many students. Deliberately searching for ways in which you can mingle standards and content is imperative if you want to create truly authentic experiences because, in the world outside of the classroom, content is not stand-alone."
3185:
58:
Integrated studies involve bringing together traditionally separate subjects so that students can grasp a more authentic understanding. Veronica Boix
Mansilla, cofounder of the Interdisciplinary Studies Project at Project Zero, explains "when can bring together concepts, methods, or languages from
65:
highlighted
Central York High School as a "School That Works" because of its successful integrated studies approach. For example, an AP government teacher and art teacher collaborated to create a joint project that asked students to create a sculpture based on the principles presented by the AP
119:
Interdisciplinary curricula has been shown by several studies to support students' engagement and learning. Specifically integrating science with reading comprehension and writing lessons has been shown to improve students' understanding in both science and
English language arts.
49:
Integrative
Learning comes in many varieties: connecting skills and knowledge from multiple sources and experiences; applying skills and practices in various settings; utilizing diverse and even contradictory points of view; and, understanding issues and positions contextually."
106:
alternate lectures on these subjects over the course of the first two years. (Jonas 1989) The course of study is instead organized around organ systems (such as "Cardiovascular" or "Gastrointestinal"). Another major component of the integrated medical curriculum is
3158:
1760:
2170:
270:
Augsburg, T., & de Barros, J. A. (2010, June). Integrating different modes of inquiry for pre-service teachers. In
Proceedings of the first interdisciplinary CHESS Interactions Conference (pp. 241–255).
273:
Awbrey, S.M, Dana, D., Miller, V.W., Robinson, P., Ryan, M.M. and Scott, D.K. (Eds.), (2006). Integrative
Learning and Action: A Call to Wholeness (Studies in Education and Spirituality). New York: Peter Lang
2813:
164:
Shen, J., Sung, S., & Zhang, D.M. (2016). Toward an analytic framework of interdisciplinary reasoning and communication (IRC) processes in science. International
Journal of Science Education, 37 (17),
2991:
2180:
70:
2818:
2808:
1786:
3041:
2986:
2981:
2175:
1829:
2920:
3021:
2828:
3016:
2996:
2823:
2522:
2144:
2833:
2527:
2793:
2778:
1816:
2575:
2507:
2129:
2763:
1812:
1803:
1794:
1790:
1530:
86:
refers to a non-compartmentalized approach to basic science learning. As opposed to traditional medical curriculum, which separate subjects such as
3246:
2875:
2843:
2718:
216:
203:
1675:
3026:
2838:
1515:
54:...making connections within a major, between fields, between curriculum, cocurriculum, or between academic knowledge and practice."
328:
Information
Literacy as the Foundation for Evidence-Based Practice in Graduate Nursing Education: A Curriculum-Integrated Approach.
2768:
2119:
346:
Jonas, Harry S., Sylia I. Etzel and
Barbara Barzansky. Undergraduate Medical Education. JAMA, Aug. 25 1989. 262(8): 1018–1019.
1535:
2094:
3231:
2352:
2658:
2282:
2139:
493:
438:
An Integrative Curriculum Approach to Developmental Mathematics and the Health Professions Using Problem Based Learning.
2708:
190:
3148:
3031:
2890:
2723:
2618:
17:
41:. This higher education concept is distinct from the elementary and high school "integrated curriculum" movement.
3241:
3210:
2773:
2591:
2489:
2302:
789:
555:
2728:
2550:
2327:
1929:
1550:
3236:
3001:
2953:
2910:
1833:
2565:
2517:
2414:
2409:
2134:
2039:
696:
2976:
980:
534:
529:
34:
3153:
2374:
1590:
1113:
729:
597:
587:
2089:
2054:
2009:
1825:
1700:
1690:
1495:
1165:
1075:
1060:
809:
445:
Developing Motivation and Cognitive Learning Strategies through an Undergraduate Learning Community.
405:
Perez de Tagle, J. (2008) Leader As Surfer: A Transformational OD Primer for CEOs and Change Agents.
253:
3062:
2900:
2803:
2713:
2663:
2623:
2474:
1979:
1974:
1869:
1861:
1705:
1595:
1525:
1025:
614:
560:
2798:
2788:
2643:
2444:
2404:
2384:
2364:
2267:
2099:
2074:
1989:
1969:
1919:
1889:
1879:
1765:
1685:
1650:
1635:
1620:
1575:
1510:
1380:
1020:
754:
639:
486:
305:
Hecke, G. R. V., Karukstis, K. K., Haskell, R. C., McFadden, C. S., & Wettack, F. S. (2002).
3125:
3070:
2870:
2783:
2698:
2673:
2555:
2379:
2185:
2064:
2059:
1939:
1640:
1387:
1070:
1065:
704:
674:
669:
654:
629:
570:
565:
410:
Riding the Momentum: Interdisciplinary Research Centers to Interdisciplinary Graduate Programs.
108:
224:
3115:
3105:
3090:
2885:
2748:
2683:
2653:
2628:
2560:
2459:
2454:
2429:
2287:
2079:
2034:
2014:
2004:
1904:
1740:
1715:
1565:
1560:
1540:
1505:
1490:
1055:
1035:
874:
779:
749:
649:
624:
316:
The academy in Transition. Washington, DC.: Association of American Colleges and Universities
240:
2545:
73:
Concept map describing activities offered by universities to encourage integrative learning.
3120:
3095:
3075:
3036:
2935:
2758:
2688:
2668:
2484:
2434:
2394:
2347:
2342:
2332:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2292:
2277:
2272:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2104:
2019:
1999:
1884:
1874:
1725:
1695:
1680:
1665:
1655:
1645:
1610:
1605:
1555:
1500:
1475:
1363:
1353:
1080:
892:
864:
854:
814:
684:
679:
659:
619:
539:
1103:
8:
3136:
3100:
3080:
3011:
2930:
2703:
2693:
2638:
2633:
2570:
2512:
2479:
2469:
2449:
2439:
2424:
2419:
2399:
2369:
2337:
2322:
2297:
2233:
2159:
2149:
2084:
2049:
1984:
1964:
1954:
1914:
1899:
1894:
1735:
1730:
1670:
1625:
1585:
1480:
1461:
1175:
1087:
1040:
990:
938:
933:
912:
834:
744:
724:
714:
604:
400:
The Quandaries of Teachers and Teacher Educators in Integrating Literacy and Mathematics.
38:
3200:
3085:
2925:
2915:
2905:
2895:
2753:
2678:
2464:
2389:
2359:
2190:
2109:
2069:
2044:
2024:
1959:
1934:
1924:
1909:
1710:
1660:
1615:
1600:
1580:
1570:
1545:
1485:
1180:
1123:
968:
819:
769:
719:
664:
609:
521:
479:
3110:
3006:
2958:
2880:
2648:
2214:
2029:
1994:
1949:
1944:
1853:
1720:
1630:
1520:
1426:
1358:
1170:
1152:
1030:
1000:
973:
963:
953:
948:
917:
849:
839:
824:
784:
592:
575:
351:
Cabbages--And Kings: Research Directions in Integrated /Interdisciplinary Curriculum.
175:
151:
307:
An Integration of Chemistry, Biology, and Physics: The Interdisciplinary Laboratory.
1430:
1346:
1287:
1050:
1045:
1015:
902:
897:
859:
764:
739:
644:
69:
419:
Paper presented at the 2001 IEEE/ASEE Frontiers in Education Conference, Reno, NV.
335:
Restructuring for integrative education: multiple perspectives, multiple contexts.
1010:
1005:
887:
882:
804:
799:
794:
774:
734:
293:
An Experimental Approach to Integrating Mathematics and Literacy Methods Courses.
3189:
1230:
943:
452:
Curriculum Integration: Eroding the High Ground of Science as a School Subject?
1108:
417:
Engineering Togetherness (An Incentive System for Interdisciplinary Research).
3225:
2208:
1305:
907:
844:
709:
582:
1118:
457:
Viswat, L. J., Duppenthaler, C. E., Nishi, K., & Podziewski, K. (2003).
353:
Journal of Educational Thought/Revue de la Pensée Éducative, 27(3), 312–331.
1203:
1133:
995:
379:
Humanities, Culture, and Interdisciplinarity: The Changing American Academy
365:
Crossing boundaries: knowledge, disciplinarities, and interdisciplinarities
1128:
2218:
985:
450:
Venville, G. J., Wallace, J., Rennie, L. J., & Malone, J. A. (2002).
374:
Washington, DC. : Association of American Colleges and Universities.
279:
Assessment of Communication Competencies in Engineering Design Projects.
191:"Integrating Art and Politics to Improve High School Student Engagement"
958:
91:
87:
37:
describing a movement toward integrated lessons helping students make
1196:
759:
502:
284:
Czechowski, J. (2003), "An Integrated Approach to Liberal Learning",
95:
634:
342:
Campbell Monograph Series on Education and Human Sciences (Vol. 2).
300:
Colleges are Depriving Students of a Connected View of Scholarship.
62:
829:
99:
27:
Learning theory predicated on making connections across curricula
459:
A Pilot Study on a Coordinated Approach to Language Instruction.
433:
Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 28(4), 423–434.
471:
461:
Bulletin of the Educational Research Institute, 21, 79–92.
415:
Roberts, J. A., & Barnhill, R. E. (2001, Oct 10–13).
468:
Eugene OR: ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Management.
443:
Stefanou, C. R., & Salisbury-Glennon, J. D. (2002).
326:
Jacobs, S. K., Rosenfeld, P., & Haber, J. (2003).
204:
Central York High School – New High School Homepage 1
412:
Paper presented at the July 2004 Merrill conference.
358:
Integrating Mathematics and Composition Instruction.
319:
Huber, M. T., Hutchings, P., & Gale, R. (2005).
277:
Brinkman, G. W., & van der Geest, T. M. (2003).
136:
Huber, M. T., Hutchings, P., & Gale, R. (2005).
393:
The Impact of Course Integration on Student Grades.
391:Lorents, A., Morgan, J., & Tallman, G. (2003).
440:Mathematics and Computer Education, 37(1), 29–38.
395:Journal of Education for Business, 78(3), 135-138
3223:
330:Journal of Professional Nursing, 19(5), 320–328.
281:Technical Communication Quarterly, 12(1), 67–81.
77:
3055:
2605:
309:Journal of Chemical Education, 79(7), 837–844.
302:The Chronicle of Higher Education, p. 48.
487:
431:Facilitating Holistic Curriculum Development.
398:Matthews, M. W., & Rainer, J. D. (2001).
214:
3160:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
447:Learning Environments Research, 5(1), 77-97
321:Integrative Learning for Liberal Education.
138:Integrative Learning for Liberal Education.
494:
480:
314:Integrative Learning: Mapping the Terrain.
312:Huber, M. T., & Hutchings, P. (2004).
295:Action in Teacher Education, 23(1), 29–36.
436:Shore, M. A., & Shore, J. B. (2003).
424:General Education for an Integrative Age.
215:Parsons, Jim; Taylor, Leah (6 May 2011).
2857:
454:Studies in Science Education, 37, 43–83.
68:
2232:
1460:
1449:
356:Kirtland, J., & Hoh, P. S. (2002).
291:Grace, D. J., & Picard, A. (2001).
14:
3247:Medical education in the United States
3224:
188:
176:"Integrated Studies: What Experts Say"
3054:
2856:
2604:
2231:
1852:
1851:
1459:
1448:
1150:
513:
475:
426:Higher Education Policy, 15(1), 7–18.
381:: State University of New York Press.
152:"Integrated Studies: A Short History"
82:In many American medical schools, an
337:Westport, Conn: Bergin & Garvey.
149:
3206:
388:Development of Integrative Learning
44:
24:
372:Mapping interdisciplinary studies.
25:
3258:
3205:
3196:
3195:
3183:
2719:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2213:
2204:
2203:
1761:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1531:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1425:
114:
367:: University Press of Virginia.
298:Graff, G. (1991, February 13).
264:
189:Nobori, Mariko (22 June 2011).
150:Boss, Suzie (6 December 2011).
2876:Federated States of Micronesia
2171:British Indian Ocean Territory
402:Language Arts, 78(4), 357–364.
217:"Improving Student Engagement"
208:
197:
182:
168:
158:
143:
130:
13:
1:
501:
123:
78:Integrated medical curriculum
2844:United States Virgin Islands
514:
39:connections across curricula
7:
3232:Learning theory (education)
2606:Education in North America
10:
3263:
3056:Education in South America
1151:
323:peerReview, Summer / Fall.
3177:
3134:
3061:
2967:
2944:
2863:
2819:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2737:
2611:
2584:
2536:
2498:
2240:
2199:
2158:
2118:
1860:
1774:
1749:
1468:
1455:
1444:
1420:
1374:
1340:
1299:
1281:
1242:
1224:
1190:
1166:Early childhood education
1159:
1146:
1096:
926:
873:
695:
548:
520:
509:
3027:Northern Mariana Islands
2839:Turks and Caicos Islands
1920:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
1516:Central African Republic
340:Jory, B. (Ed.). (2001).
333:Jennings, T. E. (1997).
235:– via cie.asu.edu.
140:peerReview, Summer/Fall.
2992:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2181:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
429:Shapiro, D. F. (2003).
408:Roberts, J. A. (2004).
3242:Educational psychology
2769:British Virgin Islands
2283:Bosnia and Herzegovina
466:Integrative Education.
248:Cite journal requires
109:problem-based learning
74:
56:
2970:and other territories
2709:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1676:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1536:Republic of the Congo
422:Scott, D. K. (2002).
377:Klein, J. T. (2005).
370:Klein, J. T. (1999).
363:Klein, J. T. (1996).
84:integrated curriculum
72:
52:
3237:Educational programs
2858:Education in Oceania
2234:Education in Europe
2095:United Arab Emirates
1462:Education in Africa
685:Instructional design
384:Kline, Peter (1988).
349:Kain, D. L. (1993).
104:integrated curricula
31:Integrative learning
2724:Trinidad and Tobago
2619:Antigua and Barbuda
2499:States with limited
2122:limited recognition
1751:States with limited
1450:Education by region
1176:Secondary education
1088:Teaching philosophy
991:Pedagogical pattern
934:21st century skills
913:Religious education
556:Aims and objectives
464:Walker, D. (1996).
386:The Everyday Genius
223:(1). Archived from
3190:Schools portal
2659:Dominican Republic
1854:Education in Asia
1181:Tertiary education
1119:Learning resources
610:Education sciences
178:. 6 December 2011.
75:
3219:
3218:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3141:other territories
3050:
3049:
3042:Wallis and Futuna
2987:Clipperton Island
2945:Associated states
2852:
2851:
2741:other territories
2600:
2599:
2227:
2226:
2164:other territories
1847:
1846:
1778:other territories
1551:Equatorial Guinea
1440:
1439:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1171:Primary education
1142:
1141:
1031:Dialogic learning
1001:Teacher retention
954:Critical thinking
949:Class arrangement
918:Special education
593:Standardized test
576:Course evaluation
16:(Redirected from
3254:
3209:
3208:
3199:
3198:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3161:
3149:Falkland Islands
3063:Sovereign states
3052:
3051:
3032:Pitcairn Islands
3002:French Polynesia
2982:Christmas Island
2911:Papua New Guinea
2891:Marshall Islands
2864:Sovereign states
2854:
2853:
2809:Saint Barthélemy
2739:Dependencies and
2612:Sovereign states
2602:
2601:
2537:Dependencies and
2241:Sovereign states
2229:
2228:
2217:
2207:
2206:
2176:Christmas Island
1862:Sovereign states
1849:
1848:
1839:
1838:(United Kingdom)
1834:Tristan da Cunha
1830:Ascension Island
1822:
1809:
1800:
1776:Dependencies and
1469:Sovereign states
1457:
1456:
1446:
1445:
1429:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1347:Higher education
1343:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1288:Secondary school
1284:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1162:
1161:
1148:
1147:
1076:Student-centered
1061:Phenomenon-based
1051:Peer instruction
1016:Blended learning
939:Bloom's taxonomy
903:Gifted education
898:Education reform
730:Computer science
511:
510:
496:
489:
482:
473:
472:
258:
257:
251:
246:
244:
236:
234:
232:
212:
206:
201:
195:
194:
186:
180:
179:
172:
166:
162:
156:
155:
147:
141:
134:
45:Term and concept
21:
18:Cross discipline
3262:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3184:
3182:
3165:
3159:
3142:
3140:
3130:
3057:
3046:
2969:
2963:
2946:
2940:
2921:Solomon Islands
2859:
2848:
2742:
2740:
2733:
2607:
2596:
2580:
2538:
2532:
2518:Northern Cyprus
2500:
2494:
2415:North Macedonia
2236:
2223:
2195:
2163:
2154:
2135:Northern Cyprus
2121:
2114:
1856:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1820:
1807:
1798:
1779:
1777:
1770:
1754:
1752:
1745:
1464:
1451:
1436:
1435:
1416:
1407:
1398:
1390:
1383:
1361:
1349:
1330:
1321:
1313:
1308:
1290:
1271:
1262:
1254:
1249:
1233:
1214:
1206:
1199:
1155:
1138:
1092:
1011:Active learning
1006:Teaching method
981:Learning theory
922:
888:Autodidacticism
883:Adult education
869:
810:Performing arts
691:
598:Teacher quality
588:Standards-based
544:
516:
505:
500:
267:
262:
261:
249:
247:
238:
237:
230:
228:
227:on 12 July 2020
213:
209:
202:
198:
187:
183:
174:
173:
169:
163:
159:
148:
144:
135:
131:
126:
117:
80:
47:
35:learning theory
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3260:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3156:
3151:
3145:
3143:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3022:Norfolk Island
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2977:American Samoa
2973:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2947:of New Zealand
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2829:Sint Eustatius
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2774:Cayman Islands
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2592:European Union
2588:
2586:
2585:Other entities
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2539:other entities
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2504:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2490:United Kingdom
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2303:Czech Republic
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2211:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1823:
1810:
1801:
1787:Canary Islands
1783:
1782:
1780:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1453:
1452:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1385:
1375:
1368:
1367:
1356:
1351:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1300:
1293:
1292:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1235:
1231:Primary school
1225:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1191:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
977:
976:
971:
966:
956:
951:
946:
944:Cognitive load
941:
936:
930:
928:
924:
923:
921:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
879:
877:
871:
870:
868:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
701:
699:
693:
692:
690:
689:
688:
687:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
615:Evidence-based
612:
607:
602:
601:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
579:
578:
563:
558:
552:
550:
549:By perspective
546:
545:
543:
542:
537:
532:
526:
524:
518:
517:
507:
506:
499:
498:
491:
484:
476:
470:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
406:
403:
396:
389:
382:
375:
368:
361:
360:Primus, 12(1).
354:
347:
344:
338:
331:
324:
317:
310:
303:
296:
289:
282:
275:
271:
266:
263:
260:
259:
250:|journal=
207:
196:
181:
167:
157:
142:
128:
127:
125:
122:
116:
113:
79:
76:
46:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3259:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3212:
3204:
3202:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3162:
3157:
3155:
3154:French Guiana
3152:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3138:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:New Caledonia
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2997:Easter Island
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2855:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2736:
2730:
2729:United States
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2603:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2551:Faroe Islands
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2523:South Ossetia
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2375:Liechtenstein
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2210:
2202:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2145:South Ossetia
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:Guinea-Bissau
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1443:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1381:Undergraduate
1379:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1336:
1317:
1311:
1307:
1306:Middle school
1304:
1303:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1258:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1220:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1071:Project-based
1069:
1067:
1066:Problem-based
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1026:Demonstration
1024:
1022:
1021:Contemplative
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
961:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
929:
925:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
908:Homeschooling
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
878:
876:
872:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
755:Environmental
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
702:
700:
698:
694:
686:
683:
682:
681:
680:Instructional
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
583:Psychometrics
581:
577:
574:
573:
572:
569:
568:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
551:
547:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
525:
523:
519:
512:
508:
504:
497:
492:
490:
485:
483:
478:
477:
474:
467:
463:
460:
456:
453:
449:
446:
442:
439:
435:
432:
428:
425:
421:
418:
414:
411:
407:
404:
401:
397:
394:
390:
387:
383:
380:
376:
373:
369:
366:
362:
359:
355:
352:
348:
345:
343:
339:
336:
332:
329:
325:
322:
318:
315:
311:
308:
304:
301:
297:
294:
290:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
269:
268:
255:
242:
226:
222:
218:
211:
205:
200:
192:
185:
177:
171:
161:
153:
146:
139:
133:
129:
121:
115:K-12 outcomes
112:
110:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
71:
67:
64:
60:
55:
51:
42:
40:
36:
32:
19:
3181:
3137:Dependencies
2968:Dependencies
2954:Cook Islands
2834:Sint Maarten
2814:Saint Martin
2528:Transnistria
2160:Dependencies
2090:Turkmenistan
2055:Saudi Arabia
1826:Saint Helena
1797:
1701:South Africa
1691:Sierra Leone
1496:Burkina Faso
1388:Postgraduate
1204:Kindergarten
1056:Personalized
1036:Experiential
996:Teacher look
705:Agricultural
561:Anthropology
465:
458:
451:
444:
437:
430:
423:
416:
409:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
357:
350:
341:
334:
327:
320:
313:
306:
299:
292:
288:, 5(4), 4–7.
285:
278:
265:Bibliography
241:cite journal
229:. Retrieved
225:the original
220:
210:
199:
184:
170:
160:
145:
137:
132:
118:
103:
83:
81:
61:
57:
53:
48:
30:
29:
3211:WikiProject
2901:New Zealand
2804:Puerto Rico
2714:Saint Lucia
2664:El Salvador
2566:Isle of Man
2501:recognition
2475:Switzerland
2410:Netherlands
2219:Asia portal
2120:States with
2040:Philippines
1980:South Korea
1975:North Korea
1870:Afghanistan
1753:recognition
1706:South Sudan
1596:Ivory Coast
1312:High school
1109:Definitions
986:Lesson plan
875:Alternative
780:Mathematics
750:Engineering
286:Peer Review
231:13 December
3226:Categories
2799:Montserrat
2794:Martinique
2789:Guadeloupe
2644:Costa Rica
2445:San Marino
2405:Montenegro
2385:Luxembourg
2365:Kazakhstan
2268:Azerbaijan
2100:Uzbekistan
2075:Tajikistan
1990:Kyrgyzstan
1970:Kazakhstan
1890:Bangladesh
1880:Azerbaijan
1808:(Portugal)
1766:Somaliland
1686:Seychelles
1651:Mozambique
1636:Mauritania
1621:Madagascar
1576:The Gambia
1511:Cape Verde
1364:Continuing
1354:Vocational
959:Curriculum
893:Democratic
865:Vocational
855:Technology
815:Philosophy
697:By subject
675:Technology
655:Psychology
640:Philosophy
630:Leadership
571:Evaluation
566:Assessment
165:2809-2835.
124:References
92:physiology
88:embryology
3126:Venezuela
3071:Argentina
2871:Australia
2784:Greenland
2699:Nicaragua
2674:Guatemala
2556:Gibraltar
2380:Lithuania
2186:Hong Kong
2140:Palestine
2065:Sri Lanka
2060:Singapore
1940:Indonesia
1641:Mauritius
1197:Preschool
1097:Wikimedia
835:Religious
760:Euthenics
745:Economics
725:Chemistry
715:Bilingual
670:Sociology
625:Inclusion
605:Economics
503:Education
96:pathology
3201:Category
3116:Suriname
3106:Paraguay
3091:Colombia
2886:Kiribati
2749:Anguilla
2684:Honduras
2654:Dominica
2629:Barbados
2576:Svalbard
2561:Guernsey
2508:Abkhazia
2460:Slovenia
2455:Slovakia
2430:Portugal
2288:Bulgaria
2209:Category
2130:Abkhazia
2080:Thailand
2035:Pakistan
2015:Mongolia
2010:Maldives
2005:Malaysia
1905:Cambodia
1832: /
1828: /
1821:(France)
1815: /
1793: /
1789: /
1741:Zimbabwe
1716:Tanzania
1566:Ethiopia
1561:Eswatini
1541:Djibouti
1506:Cameroon
1491:Botswana
1081:Socratic
1041:Feedback
927:Concepts
820:Physical
790:Military
770:Language
720:Business
660:Research
650:Politics
635:Pedagogy
530:Glossary
515:Overview
63:Edutopia
3121:Uruguay
3096:Ecuador
3076:Bolivia
3037:Tokelau
2936:Vanuatu
2779:Curaçao
2764:Bonaire
2759:Bermuda
2689:Jamaica
2669:Grenada
2624:Bahamas
2485:Ukraine
2435:Romania
2395:Moldova
2353:Ireland
2348:Iceland
2343:Hungary
2333:Germany
2328:Georgia
2318:Finland
2313:Estonia
2308:Denmark
2293:Croatia
2278:Belgium
2273:Belarus
2263:Austria
2258:Armenia
2253:Andorra
2248:Albania
2105:Vietnam
2020:Myanmar
2000:Lebanon
1930:Georgia
1885:Bahrain
1875:Armenia
1817:RĂ©union
1813:Mayotte
1804:Madeira
1799:(Spain)
1795:Melilla
1726:Tunisia
1696:Somalia
1681:Senegal
1666:Nigeria
1656:Namibia
1646:Morocco
1611:Liberia
1606:Lesotho
1556:Eritrea
1526:Comoros
1501:Burundi
1476:Algeria
1384:→
1359:Further
1314:→
1309:→
1291:→
1255:→
1250:→
1234:→
1207:→
1200:→
1046:Passive
969:Studies
850:Teacher
840:Science
830:Reading
825:Physics
800:Nursing
785:Medical
620:History
540:Outline
522:General
100:anatomy
3101:Guyana
3081:Brazil
3012:Hawaii
2931:Tuvalu
2704:Panama
2694:Mexico
2639:Canada
2634:Belize
2571:Jersey
2513:Kosovo
2480:Turkey
2470:Sweden
2450:Serbia
2440:Russia
2425:Poland
2420:Norway
2400:Monaco
2370:Latvia
2338:Greece
2323:France
2298:Cyprus
2150:Taiwan
2085:Turkey
2050:Russia
1985:Kuwait
1965:Jordan
1955:Israel
1915:Cyprus
1900:Brunei
1895:Bhutan
1836:
1819:
1806:
1736:Zambia
1731:Uganda
1671:Rwanda
1626:Malawi
1586:Guinea
1481:Angola
1431:Portal
1391:
1350:
1253:Junior
1248:Infant
1153:Stages
1129:Quotes
1114:Images
974:Theory
964:Hidden
860:Values
765:Health
740:Design
665:Rights
645:Policy
3086:Chile
2926:Tonga
2916:Samoa
2906:Palau
2896:Nauru
2754:Aruba
2679:Haiti
2546:Ă…land
2465:Spain
2390:Malta
2360:Italy
2191:Macau
2110:Yemen
2070:Syria
2045:Qatar
2025:Nepal
1960:Japan
1935:India
1925:Egypt
1910:China
1791:Ceuta
1711:Sudan
1661:Niger
1616:Libya
1601:Kenya
1581:Ghana
1571:Gabon
1546:Egypt
1486:Benin
1134:Texts
1104:Books
805:Peace
795:Music
775:Legal
735:Death
535:Index
274:Publ.
33:is a
3111:Peru
3007:Guam
2959:Niue
2881:Fiji
2824:Saba
2649:Cuba
2030:Oman
1995:Laos
1950:Iraq
1945:Iran
1721:Togo
1631:Mali
1521:Chad
1124:News
254:help
233:2016
98:and
3139:and
2162:and
845:Sex
710:Art
3228::
245::
243:}}
239:{{
221:14
219:.
111:.
102:,
94:,
90:,
1366:)
1362:(
495:e
488:t
481:v
256:)
252:(
193:.
154:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
