5903:, which in the state empowered private parties to carry out activities thought to serve the public interest. The standard reward for such an undertaking was a monopolyâjust what Chancellor Livingston sought when he offered to meet a most pressing public need, the need for steamboats...Livingston maneuvered...the monopoly through the legislature ("a veritable model of state munificence," as legal scholar Maurice G. Baxter writesâthat gave him the right to seize steamboats the entered New York waters from other states. But Livingston had overreached. With so many inventors and investors interested in the steamboat, the monopoly on served to limit its adoption. The new technology was simply too important for the monopoly to remain unchallenged.
4300:
6313:
the problems according to IMF and US Treasury
Department officials. The fact that the afflicted economies had been held up as paragons of virtue and IMF/World Bank success stories only a year before, the fact that neoliberalism's only success story had been the Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC's) who were now in the tank, and the fact that the IMF and Treasury department story just didn't fit the facts since the afflicted economies were no more rife with crony capitalism, lack of transparency, and weak-willed politicians than dozens of other economies untouched by the Asian financial crisis, simply did not matter.
4471:
4337:
impede practically all business activity, but in practice they are only erratically enforced. The specter of having such laws suddenly brought down upon a business provides an incentive to stay in the good graces of political officials. Troublesome rivals who have overstepped their bounds can have these laws suddenly enforced against them, leading to fines or even jail time. Even in high-income democracies with well-established legal systems and freedom of the press in place, a larger state is generally associated with increased political corruption.
170:
1194:
68:
4332:, but often the process is more subtle, such as expanding training and certification exams to make it more expensive for new entrants to enter a market and thereby limiting potential competition. In technological fields, there may evolve a system whereby new entrants may be accused of infringing on patents that the established competitors never assert against each other. In spite of this, some competitors may succeed when the legal
2184:
4635:
threats to those who improved and applied existing inventions, whether from business competitors, labor, or the government itself. In other
European countries, by contrast, the merchant guilds ... were a pervasive source of veto for many centuries. This power was typically bestowed upon them by government." Vermon further stated that "a steam powered horseless carriage produced in France in 1769 was officially suppressed."
1206:
4677:
27:
4494:. However, the members of an industry have a very strong interest in the actions of that regulatory body while the rest of the citizenry are only lightly affected. As a result, it is not uncommon for current industry players to gain control of the watchdog and to use it against competitors. This typically takes the form of making it very expensive for a new entrant to enter the market. An
4328:) to the government in requesting subsidies or aid or regulation. For instance, newcomers to a market then need to surmount significant barriers to entry in seeking loans, acquiring shelf space, or receiving official sanction. Some such systems are very formalized, such as sports leagues and the Medallion System of the
4620:. As government and business leaders try to accomplish various things, they naturally turn to other powerful people for support in their endeavors. These people form hubs in the network. In a developing country those hubs may be very few, thus concentrating economic and political power in a small interlocking group.
6312:
IMF officials Michel
Camdessus and Stanley Fischer were quick to explain that the afflicted economies had only themselves to blame. Crony capitalism, lack of transparency, accounting procedures not up to international standards, and weak-kneed politicians too quick to spend and too afraid to tax were
5966:
A national treasure, once No. 1 in commercial aviation, Boeing has become a risk-averse company stumbling to compete in the marketplace and dependent on political connections and chicanery to get government contracts. Boeing needs a strong board and a rejuvenated corporate culture based on innovation
4711:
While the problem is generally accepted across the political spectrum, ideology shades the view of the problem's causes and therefore its solutions. Political views mostly fall into two camps which might be called the socialist and capitalist critique. The socialist position is that crony capitalism
4336:
are light. The term crony capitalism is generally used when these practices either come to dominate the economy as a whole, or come to dominate the most valuable industries in an economy. Intentionally ambiguous laws and regulations are common in such systems. Taken strictly, such laws would greatly
4233:
and innovative practices which seek to reward risk are stifled since the value-added is little by crony businesses, as hardly anything of significant value is created by them, with transactions taking the form of trading. Crony capitalism spills over into the government, the politics, and the media,
4634:
began in Great
Britain because they were the first to successfully limit the power of veto groups (typically cronies of those with power in government) to block innovations, writing: "Unlike most other national environments, the British environment of the early 19th century contained relatively few
4323:
Crony capitalism exists along a continuum. In its lightest form, crony capitalism consists of collusion among market players which is officially tolerated or encouraged by the government. While perhaps lightly competing against each other, they will present a unified front (sometimes called a trade
4485:
More direct government involvement in a specific sector can also lead to specific areas of crony capitalism, even if the economy as a whole may be competitive. This is most common in natural resource sectors through the granting of mining or drilling concessions, but it is also possible through a
4344:
such as
Indonesia, South Korea and Thailand. In these cases, the term was used to point out how family members of the ruling leaders become extremely wealthy with no non-political justification. Southeast Asian nations, such as Hong Kong and Malaysia, still score very poorly in rankings measuring
5340:
a fight over a new competitor to the
District's (often horrible) taxi service offers something I haven't seen in a while. Not routine retail-level corruption, nor skillful top-level favor trading, but instead what appears to be a blatant attempt to legislate favors for one set of interests by
4802:
observed that, in
Vietnam during the 2010s, the primary beneficiaries of cronyism were Communist party officials, noting also the "common practice of employing only party members and their family members and associates to government jobs or to jobs in state-owned enterprises."
4202:, or other undue influence from businesses over the state's deployment of public goods, for example, mining concessions for primary commodities or contracts for public works. In other words, it is used to describe a situation where businesses thrive not as a result of
4433:. It was a private company, but its largest stockholder was the federal government which owned 20%. It was an early bank regulator and grew to be one being the most powerful organizations in the country due largely to being the depository of the government's revenue.
4829:
Even if the initial regulation was well-intentioned (to curb actual abuses) and even if the initial lobbying by corporations was well-intentioned (to reduce illogical regulations), the mixture of business and government stifles competition, a collusive result called
6544:
Which are more likely to be hampered by vigorous regulatory standards: entrenched corporations with their overstaffed legal and accounting departments or small startups trying to get off the ground? Regulation can kill competitionâand incumbents like it that
6417:
The truth is that we don't have a free marketâgovernment regulation and management are pervasiveâso it's misleading to say that "capitalism" caused today's problems. The free market is innocent. But it's fair to say that crony capitalism created the economic
5898:
Property requirements for suffrage under New York's constitution of 1777 hardened the culture of rank into law. Two distinct levels of wealth were required to vote, one for state assembly, and a second and higher level for the state senators and governor...
6383:
some financiers have chosen to live in a government-backed featherbed. Their platform seems to be socialism for tycoons and capitalism for the rest of us...featherbedding by both unions and tycoons...are impediments to a well-functioning market
4838:
distinguishes those that engage in crony capitalismâdesignated by him political entrepreneursâfrom those who compete in the marketplace without special aid from government, whom he calls market entrepreneurs. The market entrepreneurs such as
3146:
4798:.. In the capitalist view, cronyism is the result of an excess of interference in the market which inevitably will result in a toxic combination of corporations and government officials running sectors of the economy. For instance, the
6480:
said, is "not the capitalism of free men and free markets." In general, she's right. But...her terminology...is dead wrong. The fact is that there is no such thing as "crony capitalism." In reality, it is corporatism, a modern form of
4744:
has argued that the word crony is superfluous when describing capitalism. Since businesses make money and money leads to political power, business will inevitably use their power to influence governments. Much of the impetus behind
5258:
Focused only on explaining successful outcomes, the conventional model provided no analytic way to explain the 1997 crisis. Countries previously regarded as miracles now were nothing more than havens for crony capitalists (p.
5778:
5530:
4766:, have criticized the term as an ideologically motivated attempt to cast what is in their view the fundamental problems of capitalism as avoidable irregularities. Socialist economists dismiss the term as an
4545:
from
European governments) has stated Boeing receives similar subsidies which are hidden as inefficient defense contracts. Other American defense companies were put under scrutiny for no-bid contracts for
6017:(also with close GOP ties) also reaped huge contracts. The Department of Defense has been criticized for awarding Iraq reconstruction contracts to Haliburton and Bechtel without competition (Broder 2005)
4623:
Normally, this will be untenable to maintain in business as new entrants will affect the market. However, if business and government are entwined, then the government can maintain the small-hub network.
6145:
4577:, saying. "The politicians created the mortgage giants, which then returned some of the profits to the polsâsometimes directly, as campaign funds; sometimes as "contributions" to favored constituents".
5387:
4712:
is the inevitable result of any strictly capitalist system and thus broadly democratic government must regulate economic, or wealthy, interests to restrict monopoly. The capitalist position is that
7752:
6485:. Corporatism is based on the notion that industries comprise the economy like body parts comprise the bodyâthey must work in concert with one another, and they must take central direction.
6054:"Like Mr. Ezz in Egypt, he has become a symbol of how economic reforms turned crony socialism into crony capitalism, making the poor poorer and the connected rich fantastically wealthier."
6459:
3112:
7579:
6836:
4421:
calculated via how much economic activity occurs in industries prone to cronyism. Its 2014 Crony
Capitalism Index ranking listed Hong Kong, Russia and Malaysia in the top three spots.
6030:
4608:
Corrupt governments may favor one set of business owners who have close ties to the government over others. This may also be done with, religious, or ethnic favoritism. For instance,
4653:, where crony capitalism creates oligarchies that slow down growth. If the debate during the elections is any pointer, this is a very real concern of the public in India today".
4449:
6261:
6527:
6400:
5538:
5275:
4663:, has disagreed. According to Singh, India's corporate success is not a product of crony capitalism, but because India is no longer under the influence of crony socialism.
4585:
In its worst form, crony capitalism can devolve into simple corruption where any pretense of a free market is dispensed with, bribes to government officials are considered
5816:
5770:
5588:
5414:"Small is beautiful, at least in high-income democracies: the distribution of policy-making responsibility, electoral accountability, and incentives for rent extraction"
6785:
Singh, Ajit; Zammit, Ann (2006). "Corporate
Governance, Crony Capitalism and Economic Crises: Should the US business model replace the Asian way of 'doing business'?".
4889:
4759:
movement should push for their repeal and thus end the influence of the super wealthy in the political process which he considers a manifestation of crony capitalism.
5413:
4537:
and lobbyists in Washington are described by critics as more important than actual competition due to the political and secretive nature of defense contracts. In the
7874:
4538:
3615:
6360:
7813:
2661:
2150:
7671:
7630:
5980:
4381:, one of China's leading economists and a longtime advocate of its transition to free markets, says that it faces two starkly contrasting futures, namely a
7612:
6765:
5725:
4444:âs separation between commercial banks and investment banks. After this repeal, commercial banks, investment banks and insurance companies combined their
4490:
where the government agencies in charge of regulating an industry come to be controlled by that industry. Governments will often establish in good faith
2872:
4997:
1424:
6196:
4026:
3387:
6864:
5943:
5482:
4859:
in railroads were men who used the power of government to succeed. They tried to gain subsidies or in some way use government to stop competitors.
4158:
2823:
6065:
4601:(rule by theft). Kenyan economist David Ndii has repeatedly brought to light how this system has manifested over time, occasioned by the reign of
5508:
6463:
7648:
5684:
5199:
2736:
804:
180:
7781:
4822:", to emphasize that the only way to run a profitable business in such a system is to have help from corrupt government officials. Likewise,
6038:
5802:
5307:
7884:
7864:
4960:
4746:
3392:
1374:
1236:
7922:
7757:
7601:
3362:
2965:
2491:
6090:
7769:
7665:
2646:
2143:
5321:
6269:
4394:
4247:
7699:
6295:
2573:
2461:
5388:"Frequently Asked Questions about Taxi Medallion Lending and the NCUA's Supervision and Response to the Medallion Market Collapse"
5131:
7741:
7606:
6531:
6498:
6404:
6326:
5271:
4533:
The defense industry in the United States is often described as an example of crony capitalism in an industry. Connections with
7829:
7746:
4127:
2828:
2583:
2401:
2386:
2381:
2211:
132:
6658:
4361:, whereby land and other resources were given at throwaway prices in the name of public private partnerships, the more recent
7693:
7635:
7564:
5891:
5614:
5251:
4503:
2651:
2366:
2136:
1851:
1364:
104:
7912:
7907:
7688:
7618:
7149:
4151:
3168:
2466:
2270:
1796:
7834:
7729:
7723:
6727:
Hughes, Sallie; Lawson, Chappell H. (2004). "Propaganda and Crony Capitalism: Partisan Bias in Mexican Television News".
4534:
3828:
3484:
3397:
3288:
2955:
2773:
2391:
2376:
1354:
6578:
The author, Burton Folsom, divides the entrepreneurs into two groups: market entrepreneurs and political entrepreneurs.
111:
7559:
6607:
6369:
4404:
throughout their history, including the United Kingdom especially in the 1600s and 1700s, the United States and Japan.
3382:
2855:
1359:
4716:
are rare, therefore governmental regulations generally abet established wealthy interests by restricting competition.
7735:
7659:
6930:
Kahn, J. S.; Formosa, F. (2002). "The Problem of 'Crony Capitalism': Modernity and the Encounter with the Perverse".
5555:
can only boost economies in the short run and at high cost. It breaks down in the long run (Lindsey and Lukas 1998).
4499:
3022:
2860:
2322:
2300:
1369:
731:
232:
214:
151:
85:
54:
40:
6009:), and Boh Brothers Construction of New Orleansâquickly scooped up no-bid ACE contracts to perform the restoration.
5191:
4377:
governments. Similar references to crony capitalism have been made to other countries such as Argentina and Greece.
7927:
7917:
7824:
6561:
4430:
4358:
4258:, who introduced it in his 1979 pamphlet "Some are Smarter than Others", which was later published in 1991; former
3781:
3610:
3504:
2960:
2850:
1966:
1811:
1229:
5988:
4851:
succeeded by producing a quality product at a competitive price. For example, the political entrepreneurs such as
4755:
argues that "all official economic measures adopted since 1981 ... have devastated the middle class" and that the
4526:, a railroad ally, as its first chairman and a permit system was used to deny access to new entrants and legalize
118:
7977:
7937:
7624:
6234:
5354:
4465:
4144:
3357:
2867:
2621:
2406:
1992:
1434:
4732:
often assert that so-called crony capitalism is simply the inevitable result of any strictly capitalist system.
7987:
7942:
7711:
7705:
7177:
6769:
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4562:
4511:
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4437:
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1901:
89:
2626:
7992:
7982:
7819:
7717:
7677:
6171:
5109:
5008:
4461:
4357:
in Russia. Other states to which the term has been applied include India, in particular the system after the
4058:
3766:
2456:
1896:
1891:
1710:
995:
653:
100:
7879:
7869:
7763:
7653:
7208:
4965:
4899:
4869:
4823:
4555:
4515:
4366:
3315:
3263:
2201:
1045:
1035:
6200:
4909:
4884:
4341:
3969:
3813:
3218:
2818:
2756:
1454:
1222:
741:
678:
611:
589:
5953:
7574:
5031:
Aligica, Paul Dragos; Tarko, Vlad (2014). "Crony Capitalism: Rent Seeking, Institutions and Ideology".
4078:
2840:
2511:
2216:
1750:
1519:
1509:
1050:
566:
6901:
Rosas, Guillermo (2006). "Bagehot or Bailout? An Analysis of Government Responses to Banking Crises".
5140:, by McCormick, Richard. 1981. The American Historical Review, Vol. 86, No. 2 (Apr. 1981), pp. 247â74.
4639:
began experimenting with steam in 1763, got a patent in 1769 and began commercial production in 1775.
4498:
overturned a New York State-granted monopoly ("a veritable model of state munificence" facilitated by
7902:
7379:
4329:
3409:
3223:
3117:
3002:
2668:
2636:
2280:
2206:
2115:
2018:
1956:
1720:
1700:
1570:
1524:
1419:
824:
511:
7595:
6645:
5817:"Planet Plutocrat: The countries where politically connected businessmen are most likely to prosper"
4299:
4246:
The first extensive use of the term "crony capitalism" came about in the 1980s, to characterize the
7332:
7142:
5863:
4904:
4749:
and in other countries is an attempt to prevent economic power being used to take political power.
4370:
4254:. Early uses of this term to describe the economic practices of the Marcos regime included that of
3675:
3563:
3404:
3173:
3102:
2937:
2892:
2746:
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2611:
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2008:
1886:
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1098:
794:
641:
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321:
196:
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5298:
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7049:
Khatri, Naresh; Tsang, Eric W K; Begley, Thomas M (2005). "Cronyism: A cross-cultural analysis".
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636:
631:
621:
316:
78:
6051:
4397:(2012â) has seen more than 100,000 high- and low-ranking Chinese officials indicted and jailed.
4280:
It is also used to describe governmental decisions favoring cronies of governmental officials.
3012:
7344:
6640:
5948:
4856:
4418:
4274:
4270:, who used the term extensively in his writing and is sometimes credited for having coined it.
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2255:
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125:
7569:
7349:
7312:
6557:
6098:
5706:
5666:
5567:
4852:
4782:
Supporters of capitalism also generally oppose crony capitalism. Further, supporters such as
4646:
4631:
4574:
4510:. Leveraging the Supreme Court's establishment of Congressional supremacy over commerce, the
4507:
4470:
4041:
4001:
3934:
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3203:
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1961:
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1311:
1123:
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1030:
1010:
965:
862:
721:
711:
683:
556:
546:
474:
192:
46:
6837:"Ownership and Control Structures in Transition to 'Crony' Capitalism: The Case of Bulgaria"
6368:
5138:
The Discovery that Business Corrupts Politics: A Reappraisal of the Origins of Progressivism
5007:
469:
7267:
7192:
5551:
Japan's dismal performance in the 1990s and the East Asian collapses of 1997 indicate that
4844:
4835:
4479:
4325:
4273:
The term crony capitalism made a significant impact in the public as an explanation of the
4191:
3912:
3424:
3298:
3007:
2972:
2922:
2897:
2710:
2673:
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2250:
2059:
1987:
1982:
1951:
1931:
1926:
1911:
1906:
1866:
1861:
1836:
1826:
1745:
1665:
1660:
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1600:
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1252:
1173:
1128:
1103:
1070:
774:
769:
706:
701:
459:
296:
4691:
4573:
became examples of crony capitalism as government backing let Fannie and Freddie dominate
188:
8:
7972:
7374:
7135:
4848:
4616:
himself is an Alawite). This can be explained by considering personal relationships as a
4346:
4179:
4088:
3949:
3568:
3464:
3444:
3233:
3141:
3092:
3072:
3042:
2942:
2729:
2536:
2064:
2023:
1946:
1856:
1765:
1730:
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1655:
1630:
1610:
1529:
1494:
1459:
1449:
1429:
887:
809:
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759:
626:
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516:
326:
291:
249:
6430:
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7457:
7317:
7262:
7110:
7074:
7066:
7037:
7008:
6947:
6918:
6889:
6856:
6802:
6752:
6744:
6715:
6698:
Ip, Po-Keung (2007). "Corporate Social Responsibility and Crony Capitalism in Taiwan".
6686:
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5455:
5240:
5167:
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5050:
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policy and more fundamentally their perception of the weaknesses of market allocation.
4756:
4713:
4659:
4650:
4487:
4214:
4187:
3853:
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3838:
3786:
3776:
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2084:
2013:
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1414:
1291:
1133:
1093:
970:
819:
784:
571:
531:
486:
406:
361:
341:
6146:"Crony capitalism a big threat to countries like India, RBI chief Raghuram Rajan says"
4649:, has said: "One of the greatest dangers to the growth of developing countries is the
4612:
in Syria have a disproportionate share of power in the government and business there (
7505:
7452:
7280:
7275:
7187:
7114:
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663:
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526:
496:
426:
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351:
7121:
7078:
6814:
Johnson, Chalmers (1998). "Economic crisis in East Asia: The clash of capitalisms".
6756:
6626:"Domestic Crony Capitalism and International Fickle Capital: Is There a Connection?"
6625:
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4519:
4251:
4230:
4083:
4068:
3996:
3917:
3887:
3702:
3538:
3238:
2803:
2798:
2641:
2531:
1000:
975:
927:
907:
852:
829:
658:
561:
551:
541:
506:
396:
346:
336:
331:
7062:
6221:
5618:
5589:"The countries where politically connected businessmen are most likely to prosper"
4234:
when this nexus distorts the economy and affects society to an extent it corrupts
7796:
7500:
7495:
7172:
6959:
6885:
5868:
4729:
4613:
4255:
4207:
4203:
4098:
4006:
3902:
3843:
3695:
3680:
3660:
3625:
3332:
3243:
3178:
2977:
2927:
2705:
2556:
1345:
1281:
1210:
1055:
960:
917:
897:
892:
882:
877:
799:
594:
6943:
5355:"'They Were Conned': How Reckless Loans Devastated a Generation of Taxi Drivers"
4826:
said that mercantilism "is also known as 'crony' or 'noninclusive' capitalism".
7554:
7510:
7427:
7106:
6133:
5851:
A Capitalism for the People: Recapturing the Lost Genius of American Prosperity
5836:
A Capitalism for the People: Recapturing the Lost Genius of American Prosperity
5242:
Crony Capitalism: Corruption and Development in South Korea and the Philippines
5163:
5081:
4925:
4874:
4811:
4642:
4627:
4617:
4602:
4475:
4382:
4312:
4093:
4051:
4021:
4011:
3929:
3922:
3907:
3897:
3717:
3653:
3595:
3590:
3575:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3228:
3163:
2683:
2656:
2501:
2175:
1163:
1148:
1118:
1040:
536:
381:
371:
301:
286:
281:
16:
Capitalism featuring undue alliances between business interests and politicians
7004:
6711:
6669:
Kang, David C. (2003). "Transaction Costs and Crony Capitalism in East Asia".
6097:. President and Fellows of Harvard College. September 23, 1999. Archived from
5443:
4794:
consider it an aberration brought on by governmental favors incompatible with
4393:
had concluded that the latter course had become deeply embedded in China. The
902:
7961:
7474:
7417:
6338:
5451:
5366:
4955:
4840:
4654:
4413:
4304:
4105:
3712:
3648:
3633:
3489:
3454:
3434:
3305:
3248:
3183:
2578:
2481:
1326:
1286:
1153:
1025:
985:
857:
521:
421:
401:
6982:
6963:
6654:
7515:
7467:
7462:
7422:
7322:
7292:
7243:
7033:
6827:
6523:
6482:
6396:
6291:
6262:"The Occupy Wall Street Movement and the Coming Demise of Crony Capitalism"
6066:"How Economic Concentration and Crony Capitalism Led to the Chaos in Chile"
5900:
5326:
4945:
4920:
4819:
4763:
4741:
4527:
4288:
4267:
4218:
3939:
3818:
3638:
3605:
3585:
3509:
3499:
3479:
3459:
3087:
2987:
2715:
2690:
2546:
2486:
2451:
2416:
2411:
1075:
1015:
942:
726:
501:
411:
6740:
4736:
described it as a natural consequence of collusion between those managing
4340:
The term crony capitalism was initially applied to states involved in the
7479:
7437:
7432:
7397:
7364:
7247:
6964:"American cronyism: How executive networks inflated the corporate bubble"
6477:
6455:
6006:
5794:"China's Crony Capitalism by Minxin Pei review â the means of corruption"
5428:"'Crony Capitalism' in South Korea, Thailand and Taiwan:Myth and Reality"
4914:
4815:
4807:
4795:
4787:
4733:
4598:
4590:
4570:
4386:
4378:
4308:
3833:
3793:
3761:
3620:
3580:
3414:
3327:
3278:
3253:
3153:
2845:
2568:
2551:
2506:
2421:
1301:
1296:
1158:
1060:
980:
736:
431:
386:
356:
311:
6565:
5459:
5427:
5213:
4593:
is common. This is seen in many parts of Africa and is sometimes called
4389:
or crony capitalism. A dozen years later, prominent political scientist
4315:. A group of massive, mostly family-run business conglomerates, called
7932:
7753:
Commission for the Prevention of Corruption of the Republic of Slovenia
7447:
7402:
7359:
7158:
7070:
6922:
6860:
6748:
6690:
5046:
4771:
4767:
4752:
4636:
4594:
4566:
4390:
4115:
4110:
3991:
3986:
3882:
3858:
3707:
3600:
3558:
3514:
3322:
3310:
3283:
3273:
3193:
2595:
2590:
2561:
2496:
2327:
1316:
1138:
847:
668:
599:
257:
7369:
7297:
7257:
7238:
6005:(KBR, a subsidiary of Haliburton, whose former CEO is Vice President
5552:
5531:"Crony Capitalism and the East Asian Currency and Financial 'Crises'"
4725:
4362:
4350:
4226:
4199:
4186:
profit from a close relationship with state power, either through an
4016:
3964:
3665:
3258:
2361:
1178:
1168:
1113:
937:
872:
716:
464:
271:
7086:
7085:
Khatri, Naresh (2013). Anatomy of Indian Brand of Crony Capitalism.
6991:
Vaugirard, Victor (2005). "Crony Capitalism and Sovereign Default".
6682:
4630:, specialist in economics and international affairs, wrote that the
4266:
magazine article in 1980, and activist (and later Finance Minister)
67:
7442:
7412:
7182:
6968:
6265:
5123:
5104:
4950:
4879:
4609:
4547:
4448:
efforts. Critics claim this was instrumental in the passage of the
4445:
4401:
4222:
4183:
3981:
3803:
3722:
3367:
3293:
3198:
3158:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2371:
1336:
1306:
1271:
1005:
912:
366:
276:
7354:
7252:
6010:
4542:
4316:
4262:
magazine business editor George M. Taber, who used the term in a
2446:
2332:
2312:
2285:
2260:
2183:
1266:
1193:
306:
5509:"Monopolies and the constitution: a history of crony capitalism"
7682:
6872:
Enderwick, Peter (2005). "What's Bad About Crony Capitalism?".
5506:
4514:
was established in 1887 with the intent of regulating railroad
4450:
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005
4283:
The term is used largely interchangeably with the related term
3419:
2426:
2317:
2295:
2290:
2240:
1321:
1205:
5483:"Why Hong Kong's latest No 1 ranking was greeted with silence"
7642:
7302:
7127:
6222:"Black Faces in Limousines:" A Conversation with Noam Chomsky
4198:
capitalism include obtainment of permits, government grants,
4195:
3429:
2245:
391:
7020:
James, Harold (2008). "Family Values or Crony Capitalism?".
5757:
China's Crony Capitalism : The Dynamics of Regime Decay
5642:"Modi's Own Record of 'Raincoat Bathing' Is Worth Recalling"
4345:
this. It was also used in this context as part of a broader
4213:
Wealth is then accumulated not merely by making a profit in
7287:
4554:
related contracts purportedly due to having cronies in the
4063:
3892:
7678:
Special Investigation Service of the Republic of Lithuania
5206:
4890:
Economic History of the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos
6499:"The Real Enemy for Trump Is Mercantilism, Not Globalism"
4400:
Many prosperous nations have also had varying amounts of
4374:
7875:
International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities
4206:, but rather collusion between a business class and the
6052:
Syrian Businessman Becomes Magnet for Anger and Dissent
5884:
The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt
7672:
Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program
7631:
Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)
6594:
Vernon, Raymond (1989), "Technological Development",
6327:"The fatal flaw of neoliberalism: it's bad economics"
6235:"Influence of Big Money | Brennan Center for Justice"
7613:
Anti-corruption and Economic Malpractice Observatory
7814:
Citizen's Charter and Grievance Redressal Bill 2011
6358:
5272:"Crony capital: How Duterte embraced the oligarchs"
4561:Gerald P. O'Driscoll, former vice president at the
4365:scam and cheap allocation of land and resources to
4287:, although the latter is by definition specific to
92:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
6528:"Let's Take the "Crony" Out of "Crony Capitalism""
6401:"Let's Take the "Crony" Out of "Crony Capitalism""
5792:
5297:
5239:
4810:prefers to equate this problem with terms such as
4353:. The term has also been applied to the system of
7122:http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19626/1/WP0802.pdf
7048:
6028:
4027:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
7959:
7093:Mukherjee, Conan (2019). "On crony capitalism".
5583:
5581:
5150:Mukherjee, Conan (2019). "On crony capitalism".
5068:Mukherjee, Conan (2019). "On crony capitalism".
4496:1824 landmark United States Supreme Court ruling
6172:"No crony capitalism in India â Indian Express"
6063:
4988:
4986:
4984:
4982:
3671:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
7782:Central Steering Committee for Anti-Corruption
7649:Fiji Independent Commission Against Corruption
7580:UNCAC Coalition of Civil Society Organisations
6029:O'Driscoll Jr, Gerald P. (September 9, 2008).
5200:National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
4307:at a breakfast meeting with business magnates
3147:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
7143:
6787:Corporate Governance: An International Review
6460:"There's No Such Thing as "Crony Capitalism""
5578:
5299:"Remove the taint of cronyism in South Korea"
4429:Crony capitalism in finance was found in the
4152:
2144:
1230:
177:The examples and perspective in this article
7885:United Nations Convention against Corruption
7865:Inter-American Convention Against Corruption
6726:
6522:
6395:
6197:"Uber Driving Down Price of Taxi Medallions"
5528:
5030:
4979:
4747:campaign finance reform in the United States
4455:
1375:United Nations Convention against Corruption
7923:Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity
7758:Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission
7602:Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission
6929:
6784:
6454:
5322:"Uber vs. Washington, D.C.: This Is Insane"
4506:) for the then-revolutionary technology of
4492:government agencies to regulate an industry
3363:List of people killed for being transgender
55:Learn how and when to remove these messages
7770:National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine
7666:Corruption Prevention and Combating Bureau
7150:
7136:
5967:and competitiveness, not crony capitalism.
5507:Steven G Calabresi; Larissa Price (2012).
5185:
5183:
5181:
4580:
4159:
4145:
2151:
2137:
1237:
1223:
7092:
7051:Journal of International Business Studies
6990:
6981:
6871:
6644:
6224:from Chomsky.info. Retrieved June 5, 2009
5352:
5246:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5149:
5122:
5067:
4407:
4395:anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping
4248:Philippine economy under the dictatorship
233:Learn how and when to remove this message
215:Learn how and when to remove this message
152:Learn how and when to remove this message
7700:Independent Corrupt Practices Commission
6359:Nicholas D. Kristof (October 26, 2011).
6290:
5853:. New York: Basic Books. pp. 50â52.
5848:
5833:
5726:"The road ahead for capitalism in China"
5723:
5615:"Govt Patronises Crony Capitalism Again"
4469:
4298:
4238:economic, political, and social ideals.
2462:Social determinants of health in poverty
7742:Sierra Leone Anti-corruption Commission
7607:Anti-Corruption Commission (Bangladesh)
6813:
6497:de Soto, Hernando (November 27, 2016).
6496:
5805:from the original on December 12, 2022.
5781:from the original on December 13, 2017.
5426:Kim, Byung-Kook; Im, Hyug-Baeg (2001).
5310:from the original on December 10, 2022.
5178:
4992:
4917:(concept in Indian political-economics)
4666:
4188:anti-competitive regulatory environment
7960:
7830:Freedom of information laws by country
7747:Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau
6593:
6324:
5978:
5881:
5639:
5214:"Heroes and Martyrs: ONGPIN, Jaime V."
4777:
4724:Critics of crony capitalism including
7694:Anti-Corruption Commission of Myanmar
7636:Commission Against Corruption (Macau)
7565:International Anti-Corruption Academy
7131:
7019:
6958:
6903:American Journal of Political Science
6900:
6664:from the original on October 9, 2022.
6259:
5480:
5425:
5278:from the original on December 4, 2019
5102:
4855:in steamships and the leaders of the
4719:
4190:, direct government largesse, and/or
1365:International Anti-Corruption Academy
7913:2012 Indian anti-corruption movement
7908:2011 Indian anti-corruption movement
7689:Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission
7619:National Anti-Corruption Observatory
6834:
6763:
6668:
6064:Daniel Matamala (October 22, 2019).
5838:. New York: Basic Books. p. 50.
5640:Khetan, Ashish (February 12, 2017).
5353:Rosenthal, Brian M. (May 19, 2019).
5237:
4670:
3169:Capital punishment for homosexuality
2467:Social determinants of mental health
163:
90:adding citations to reliable sources
61:
20:
7835:The Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013
7730:National Anticorruption Directorate
7724:Anti-Corruption General Directorate
6623:
5952:. December 15, 2003. Archived from
5914:
5754:
4241:
3289:Genital modification and mutilation
1355:International Anti-Corruption Court
13:
7560:Group of States Against Corruption
6768:. Ajay Shah's Blog. Archived from
6697:
6616:
6556:
6325:Rodrik, Dani (November 14, 2017).
5944:"Pulling Boeing Out of a Tailspin"
4541:, Airbus (which receives outright
4319:, dominates South Korea's economy.
1360:Group of States Against Corruption
14:
8004:
7736:Investigative Committee of Russia
7087:https://ssrn.com/abstract=2335201
6766:"Indian capitalism is not doomed"
5685:"The Scourge of Crony Capitalism"
4478:as giant money bags looming over
4182:to describe a situation in which
1370:International Anti-Corruption Day
36:This article has multiple issues.
7928:Russian anti-corruption campaign
7918:Anti-austerity movement in Spain
7825:Foreign Extortion Prevention Act
6915:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00177.x
6799:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2006.00504.x
6764:Shah, Ajay (September 7, 2012).
6260:Batra, Ravi (October 11, 2011).
6031:"Fannie/Freddie Bailout Baloney"
6001:Three companiesâthe Shaw Group,
5481:Vines, Stephen (April 1, 2014).
4675:
4431:Second Bank of the United States
4417:benchmarks countries based on a
3782:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
3611:Law for Protection of the Nation
3505:White genocide conspiracy theory
2182:
1425:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1204:
1192:
168:
66:
25:
7764:Servicio de Vigilancia Aduanera
7625:National Supervisory Commission
6874:Asian Business & Management
6550:
6516:
6490:
6448:
6423:
6389:
6352:
6318:
6284:
6253:
6227:
6215:
6189:
6164:
6138:
6122:
6113:
6083:
6057:
6045:
6022:
5972:
5936:
5915:Lee, Timothy (August 3, 2006).
5908:
5875:
5857:
5842:
5827:
5809:
5785:
5763:
5748:
5717:
5699:
5677:
5659:
5633:
5617:. June 19, 2011. Archived from
5607:
5560:
5522:
5500:
5474:
5419:
5406:
5380:
5346:
5314:
5290:
5264:
5189:
4818:, considered "a modern form of
4178:, is a pejorative term used in
4174:, sometimes also called simply
3616:MSM blood donation restrictions
3358:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
77:needs additional citations for
44:or discuss these issues on the
7712:Investigation Task Force Sweep
7706:National Accountability Bureau
7178:Corruption in local government
7166:Corruption in different fields
7157:
6853:10.1080/00128775.2002.11041031
6816:Cambridge Journal of Economics
6729:Latin American Research Review
6431:"The Rise Of Crony Capitalism"
6128:Vernon (1989, p. 8); see also
6095:The Harvard University Gazette
5981:"Katrina and Power in America"
5231:
5198:. Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo:
5143:
5096:
5061:
5024:
4762:Socialist economists, such as
4563:Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
4512:Interstate Commerce Commission
4294:
4217:, but through profiteering by
3629:(as religious or racial quota)
1:
7820:Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
7718:Central Anticorruption Bureau
7063:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400171
6587:
6361:"Crony Capitalism Comes Home"
5432:Journal of East Asian Studies
5192:"What is 'Crony Capitalism'?"
5110:Supreme Court Economic Review
4462:Lobbying in the United States
4424:
4059:Second-generation gender bias
3767:Constitutional colorblindness
2457:Social determinants of health
996:Critique of political economy
654:Critique of political economy
7880:OECD Anti-Bribery Convention
7870:International asset recovery
7654:Central Vigilance Commission
7209:Corruption Perceptions Index
6886:10.1057/palgrave.abm.9200126
5979:Dreier, Peter (March 2006).
5707:"Keeping an eye on business"
5529:Helen Hughes (Spring 1999).
5412:Hamilton, Alexander (2013).
4900:Government-owned corporation
4870:Actually existing capitalism
4474:"The Bosses of the Senate",
1046:Periodizations of capitalism
7:
7938:2017â2019 Romanian protests
6944:10.1177/0725513602069001004
6562:"Myth of the Robber Barons"
6091:"Raymond Vernon Dies at 85"
5759:. Harvard University Press.
4910:Iron triangle (US politics)
4885:Cronies of Ferdinand Marcos
4862:
4686:may have misleading content
4466:Militaryâindustrial complex
4440:in 1999 completely removed
4342:1997 Asian financial crisis
3970:Medical model of disability
3814:Hate speech laws by country
742:Simple commodity production
191:, discuss the issue on the
10:
8009:
7943:2017â2018 Russian protests
7575:Transparency International
7550:Global Financial Integrity
7107:10.1007/s40622-019-00202-z
6841:Eastern European Economics
6700:Journal of Business Ethics
5724:Jinglian, Wu (June 2006).
5164:10.1007/s40622-019-00202-z
5082:10.1007/s40622-019-00202-z
4459:
4079:Social model of disability
2512:Discrimination against men
1051:Perspectives on capitalism
7903:2011 Azerbaijani protests
7893:
7853:
7804:
7795:
7588:
7542:
7533:
7488:
7390:
7380:Offshore financial centre
7231:
7222:
7201:
7183:Interest group corruption
7165:
7005:10.1007/s11079-005-5333-0
6712:10.1007/s10551-007-9385-5
6476:This "crony capitalism,"
5667:"Peronism and its perils"
5444:10.1017/S1598240800000230
4806:Conservative commentator
4645:, former governor of the
4539:Airbus-Boeing WTO dispute
4456:In sections of an economy
4330:taxicabs of New York City
3410:Opposition to immigration
2296:Race / Ethnicity
7845:Whistleblower protection
7333:Cryptocurrency and crime
6003:Kellogg Brown & Root
5849:Zingales, Luigi (2012).
5834:Zingales, Luigi (2012).
5487:South China Morning Post
4972:
4905:Inverted totalitarianism
3405:Occupational segregation
3174:Compulsory sterilization
322:Economic interventionism
7214:Economics of corruption
6983:10.1525/ctx.2003.2.3.34
6655:10.1111/1468-2362.00064
6624:Wei, Shang-Jin (2001).
6503:The Wall Street Journal
5771:"Robber barons, beware"
5238:Kang, David C. (2002).
5103:Rubin, Paul H. (2016).
4581:In developing economies
4303:South Korean President
3955:Internalized oppression
3809:Fighting Discrimination
3799:Fat acceptance movement
3757:Anti-discrimination law
3383:Native American mascots
1277:Economics of corruption
991:Criticism of capitalism
7978:Management cybernetics
7840:UK Bribery Act of 2010
7596:Oficina AnticorrupciĂłn
7345:Noble cause corruption
7202:Measures of corruption
7034:10.2202/1932-0213.1031
7022:Capitalism and Society
6041:on September 13, 2008.
5949:Bloomberg BusinessWeek
5730:The McKinsey Quarterly
5217:Bantayog ng mga Bayani
5196:Emerging State Project
4857:Union Pacific Railroad
4482:
4438:GrammâLeachâBliley Act
4419:crony-capitalism index
4408:Crony capitalism index
4320:
4275:Asian financial crisis
4074:Social identity threat
4047:Reverse discrimination
4037:Racial color blindness
3495:Violence against women
3475:Sex-selective abortion
1797:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1021:Exploitation of labour
732:Primitive accumulation
7988:Political terminology
7570:Mo Ibrahim Foundation
7350:Professional courtesy
7313:Honest services fraud
6993:Open Economies Review
6835:Peev, Evgeni (2002).
6741:10.1353/lar.2004.0050
6633:International Finance
6302:on September 10, 2006
6239:www.brennancenter.org
5882:Styles, T.J. (2009).
5801:. November 18, 2016.
5568:"Having it both ways"
5341:hamstringing another.
4998:"A Nation of Takers?"
4647:Reserve Bank of India
4632:Industrial Revolution
4575:mortgage underwriting
4473:
4349:critique of economic
4302:
4194:. Examples given for
4042:Religious intolerance
4002:Political correctness
3824:Intersex human rights
3772:Cultural assimilation
3440:Religious persecution
3204:Disability hate crime
1383:Corruption by country
1332:State-corporate crime
1312:Pyrrhic defeat theory
1199:Capitalism portal
1011:Culture of capitalism
966:Capitalist propaganda
722:Industrial Revolution
712:Commercial Revolution
7993:Public choice theory
7983:Political corruption
7534:Institutions dealing
7268:Conflict of interest
7193:Political corruption
6867:on January 28, 2013.
6828:10.1093/cje/22.6.653
6671:Comparative Politics
6568:on November 28, 2011
5917:"Entangling the Web"
5777:. October 24, 2015.
5755:Pei, Minxin (2016).
5306:. February 6, 2018.
4845:Cornelius Vanderbilt
4836:Burton W. Folsom Jr.
4667:Political viewpoints
4597:(rule by wealth) or
4500:Robert R. Livingston
4359:1990s liberalization
4326:industry trade group
3425:Political repression
2407:Anti-left handedness
2397:Anti-intellectualism
1253:Political corruption
1174:Right-libertarianism
1104:Classical liberalism
1071:Venture philanthropy
707:Capitalism and Islam
702:Age of Enlightenment
297:Capital accumulation
197:create a new article
189:improve this article
179:may not represent a
86:improve this article
7375:Offshore investment
6272:on October 13, 2011
5991:on November 9, 2013
5956:on February 5, 2004
5886:. Alfred A. Knopf.
5736:on February 4, 2012
4849:John D. Rockefeller
4778:Capitalist critique
4692:clarify the content
4556:Bush administration
4476:corporate interests
4180:political discourse
3950:Historical eugenics
3465:Segregation academy
3445:Religious terrorism
3234:Enemy of the people
3142:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
2652:Jehovah's Witnesses
2537:Perpetual foreigner
1211:Business portal
327:Economic liberalism
317:Competitive markets
7776:Warioba Commission
7714:(Papua New Guinea)
7458:Regulatory capture
7263:Commercial bribery
6772:on August 14, 2013
6435:Hoover Institution
6373:on January 1, 2022
6365:The New York Times
6203:on January 3, 2015
6176:The Indian Express
6150:The Times of India
5985:Occidental College
5922:The New York Times
5872:(January 23, 1889)
5359:The New York Times
5105:"Crony Capitalism"
5047:10.1111/kykl.12048
5012:on January 1, 2022
5003:The New York Times
4996:(March 27, 2014).
4941:Regulatory capture
4895:Government failure
4832:regulatory capture
4792:right-libertarians
4784:classical liberals
4757:Occupy Wall Street
4720:Socialist critique
4714:natural monopolies
4660:The Indian Express
4651:middle income trap
4488:regulatory capture
4483:
4321:
3854:Social integration
3849:Self-determination
3839:Racial integration
3787:Diversity training
3777:Cultural pluralism
3752:Affirmative action
3644:Racial segregation
3554:Crime of apartheid
3450:Religious violence
2952:Indigenous people
2323:Sexual orientation
1292:Influence peddling
1259:Forms and concepts
971:Capitalist realism
362:Goods and services
342:Fictitious capital
101:"Crony capitalism"
7955:
7954:
7951:
7950:
7791:
7790:
7529:
7528:
7506:Election security
7453:Political scandal
7188:Police corruption
6596:EDI Seminar Paper
6466:on April 26, 2012
6152:. August 12, 2014
6130:Watt steam engine
5893:978-0-375-41542-5
5823:. March 15, 2014.
5621:on August 8, 2012
5253:978-0-521-00408-4
5190:Hau, Caroline S.
4994:Kristof, Nicholas
4936:Political machine
4709:
4708:
4552:Hurricane Katrina
4486:process known as
4285:corporate welfare
4169:
4168:
4032:Racism by country
3960:Intersectionality
3945:Heteronormativity
3728:Voter suppression
3470:Sexual harassment
3269:Forced conversion
3189:Cultural genocide
2851:African Americans
2662:postâCold War era
2647:Eastern Orthodoxy
2392:Anti-drug addicts
2387:Anti-homelessness
2306:Scientific racism
2161:
2160:
2128:
2127:
1435:Equatorial Guinea
1247:
1246:
1066:Spontaneous order
1036:History of theory
679:New institutional
649:Market monetarism
584:Economic theories
417:Supply and demand
352:Free price system
243:
242:
235:
225:
224:
217:
199:, as appropriate.
162:
161:
154:
136:
59:
8000:
7802:
7801:
7540:
7539:
7521:Vote suppression
7408:Crony capitalism
7338:Hawala and crime
7328:Money laundering
7308:Graft (politics)
7288:Confidence trick
7229:
7228:
7223:Forms or aspects
7152:
7145:
7138:
7129:
7128:
7118:
7082:
7045:
7016:
6987:
6985:
6960:Davis, Gerald F.
6955:
6926:
6897:
6868:
6863:. Archived from
6831:
6810:
6781:
6779:
6777:
6760:
6723:
6694:
6665:
6663:
6648:
6630:
6612:
6581:
6580:
6575:
6573:
6564:. Archived from
6554:
6548:
6547:
6541:
6539:
6530:. Archived from
6520:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6494:
6488:
6487:
6473:
6471:
6462:. Archived from
6452:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6441:
6427:
6421:
6420:
6414:
6412:
6403:. Archived from
6393:
6387:
6386:
6380:
6378:
6372:
6367:. Archived from
6356:
6350:
6349:
6347:
6345:
6322:
6316:
6315:
6309:
6307:
6298:. Archived from
6288:
6282:
6281:
6279:
6277:
6268:. Archived from
6257:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6246:
6231:
6225:
6219:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6208:
6199:. Archived from
6193:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6182:
6168:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6157:
6142:
6136:
6126:
6120:
6117:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6106:
6087:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6076:
6061:
6055:
6049:
6043:
6042:
6037:. Archived from
6026:
6020:
6019:
5998:
5996:
5987:. Archived from
5976:
5970:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5912:
5906:
5905:
5879:
5873:
5861:
5855:
5854:
5846:
5840:
5839:
5831:
5825:
5824:
5813:
5807:
5806:
5796:
5789:
5783:
5782:
5767:
5761:
5760:
5752:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5741:
5732:. Archived from
5721:
5715:
5714:
5703:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5681:
5675:
5674:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5652:
5637:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5600:
5595:. March 15, 2014
5585:
5576:
5575:
5564:
5558:
5557:
5548:
5546:
5537:. Archived from
5526:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5515:
5504:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5478:
5472:
5471:
5423:
5417:
5410:
5404:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5337:
5335:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5301:
5294:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5268:
5262:
5261:
5245:
5235:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5210:
5204:
5203:
5187:
5176:
5175:
5147:
5141:
5135:
5129:
5128:
5126:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5011:
5006:. Archived from
4990:
4931:Political family
4824:Hernando de Soto
4770:for failures of
4740:and trade while
4730:anti-capitalists
4704:
4701:
4695:
4679:
4678:
4671:
4657:, columnist for
4524:Thomas M. Cooley
4520:Grover Cleveland
4504:Founding Fathers
4252:Ferdinand Marcos
4242:Historical usage
4231:Entrepreneurship
4172:Crony capitalism
4161:
4154:
4147:
4084:Social privilege
4069:Social exclusion
3997:Police brutality
3918:Multiculturalism
3888:Amatonormativity
3703:Social exclusion
3539:Age of candidacy
3333:Homeless dumping
3239:Ethnic cleansing
2186:
2163:
2162:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2121:Papua New Guinea
1902:Northern Ireland
1389:
1388:
1249:
1248:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1209:
1208:
1197:
1196:
1001:Critique of work
976:Capitalist state
659:Critique of work
542:Regulated market
444:Economic systems
397:Private property
347:Financial market
337:Entrepreneurship
332:Economic surplus
245:
244:
238:
231:
220:
213:
209:
206:
200:
172:
171:
164:
157:
150:
146:
143:
137:
135:
94:
70:
62:
51:
29:
28:
21:
8008:
8007:
8003:
8002:
8001:
7999:
7998:
7997:
7958:
7957:
7956:
7947:
7895:
7889:
7857:
7855:
7849:
7806:
7797:Anti-corruption
7787:
7584:
7536:with corruption
7535:
7525:
7501:Electoral fraud
7496:Ballot stuffing
7484:
7386:
7224:
7218:
7197:
7173:Corporate crime
7161:
7156:
7126:
6775:
6773:
6706:(1â2): 167â77.
6683:10.2307/4150189
6661:
6646:10.1.1.133.3751
6628:
6619:
6617:Further reading
6610:
6590:
6585:
6584:
6571:
6569:
6555:
6551:
6537:
6535:
6534:on May 13, 2012
6521:
6517:
6507:
6505:
6495:
6491:
6469:
6467:
6453:
6449:
6439:
6437:
6429:
6428:
6424:
6410:
6408:
6407:on May 13, 2012
6394:
6390:
6376:
6374:
6357:
6353:
6343:
6341:
6323:
6319:
6305:
6303:
6289:
6285:
6275:
6273:
6258:
6254:
6244:
6242:
6233:
6232:
6228:
6220:
6216:
6206:
6204:
6195:
6194:
6190:
6180:
6178:
6170:
6169:
6165:
6155:
6153:
6144:
6143:
6139:
6127:
6123:
6118:
6114:
6104:
6102:
6089:
6088:
6084:
6074:
6072:
6062:
6058:
6050:
6046:
6027:
6023:
5994:
5992:
5977:
5973:
5959:
5957:
5942:
5941:
5937:
5927:
5925:
5913:
5909:
5894:
5880:
5876:
5862:
5858:
5847:
5843:
5832:
5828:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5799:Financial Times
5791:
5790:
5786:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5753:
5749:
5739:
5737:
5722:
5718:
5713:. May 27, 2004.
5705:
5704:
5700:
5690:
5688:
5687:. June 20, 2012
5683:
5682:
5678:
5673:. June 3, 2004.
5665:
5664:
5660:
5650:
5648:
5638:
5634:
5624:
5622:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5598:
5596:
5587:
5586:
5579:
5574:. May 20, 2004.
5566:
5565:
5561:
5544:
5542:
5541:on May 15, 2013
5527:
5523:
5513:
5511:
5505:
5501:
5491:
5489:
5479:
5475:
5424:
5420:
5411:
5407:
5397:
5395:
5394:. June 18, 2020
5386:
5385:
5381:
5371:
5369:
5351:
5347:
5333:
5331:
5330:. July 10, 2012
5320:
5319:
5315:
5304:Financial Times
5296:
5295:
5291:
5281:
5279:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5254:
5236:
5232:
5222:
5220:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5188:
5179:
5148:
5144:
5136:
5132:
5101:
5097:
5066:
5062:
5029:
5025:
5015:
5013:
4991:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4961:Supercapitalism
4865:
4800:Financial Times
4780:
4722:
4705:
4699:
4696:
4689:
4680:
4676:
4669:
4614:President Assad
4583:
4468:
4458:
4427:
4410:
4324:association or
4297:
4256:Ricardo Manapat
4244:
4208:political class
4204:free enterprise
4165:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4007:Polyculturalism
3903:Civil liberties
3875:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3844:Reappropriation
3744:
3743:Countermeasures
3736:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3661:Racial steering
3627:Numerus clausus
3531:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3244:Ethnic conflict
3179:Corrective rape
3134:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3122:
2776:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2614:
2604:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2492:HIV/AIDS stigma
2354:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2291:Mental disorder
2233:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2194:
2157:
2001:Central America
1897:North Macedonia
1346:Anti-corruption
1282:Electoral fraud
1243:
1203:
1191:
1184:
1183:
1089:
1081:
1080:
1056:Post-capitalism
961:Anti-capitalism
956:
948:
947:
843:
835:
834:
755:
747:
746:
697:
689:
688:
585:
577:
576:
567:State-sponsored
445:
437:
436:
302:Capital markets
267:
239:
228:
227:
226:
221:
210:
204:
201:
186:
173:
169:
158:
147:
141:
138:
95:
93:
83:
71:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8006:
7996:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7953:
7952:
7949:
7948:
7946:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7905:
7899:
7897:
7891:
7890:
7888:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7861:
7859:
7851:
7850:
7848:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7810:
7808:
7799:
7793:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7786:
7785:
7779:
7773:
7767:
7761:
7755:
7750:
7744:
7739:
7733:
7727:
7721:
7715:
7709:
7703:
7697:
7691:
7686:
7680:
7675:
7669:
7663:
7657:
7651:
7646:
7640:
7639:
7638:
7633:
7622:
7616:
7610:
7604:
7599:
7592:
7590:
7586:
7585:
7583:
7582:
7577:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7555:Global Witness
7552:
7546:
7544:
7537:
7531:
7530:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7523:
7518:
7513:
7511:Gerrymandering
7508:
7503:
7498:
7492:
7490:
7486:
7485:
7483:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7471:
7470:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7428:Ghost soldiers
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7394:
7392:
7388:
7387:
7385:
7384:
7383:
7382:
7377:
7367:
7362:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7341:
7340:
7335:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7278:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7241:
7235:
7233:
7226:
7220:
7219:
7217:
7216:
7211:
7205:
7203:
7199:
7198:
7196:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7169:
7167:
7163:
7162:
7155:
7154:
7147:
7140:
7132:
7125:
7124:
7119:
7090:
7083:
7046:
7017:
6988:
6956:
6927:
6898:
6869:
6832:
6811:
6782:
6761:
6724:
6695:
6666:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6614:
6613:
6609:978-0821311622
6608:
6589:
6586:
6583:
6582:
6558:Folsom, Burton
6549:
6515:
6489:
6447:
6422:
6388:
6351:
6317:
6296:"Let's Review"
6283:
6252:
6241:. May 14, 2018
6226:
6214:
6188:
6163:
6137:
6121:
6112:
6101:on May 3, 2012
6082:
6056:
6044:
6021:
5971:
5935:
5907:
5892:
5874:
5864:Joseph Keppler
5856:
5841:
5826:
5808:
5784:
5762:
5747:
5716:
5698:
5676:
5658:
5632:
5606:
5577:
5559:
5521:
5499:
5473:
5418:
5405:
5379:
5345:
5313:
5289:
5263:
5252:
5230:
5219:. May 26, 2016
5205:
5177:
5142:
5130:
5124:10.1086/686474
5117:(1): 105â120.
5095:
5060:
5041:(2): 156â176.
5023:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4926:Patrimonialism
4923:
4918:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4875:Corporatocracy
4872:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4853:Edward Collins
4812:corporatocracy
4779:
4776:
4721:
4718:
4707:
4706:
4683:
4681:
4674:
4668:
4665:
4643:Raghuram Rajan
4628:Raymond Vernon
4618:social network
4605:as president.
4603:Uhuru Kenyatta
4582:
4579:
4565:, stated that
4457:
4454:
4442:GlassâSteagall
4426:
4423:
4409:
4406:
4383:market economy
4313:Chung Mong-koo
4296:
4293:
4243:
4240:
4236:public-serving
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4052:Reverse racism
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4022:Prisoner abuse
4019:
4014:
4012:Power distance
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3930:Ethnic penalty
3927:
3926:
3925:
3923:Neurodiversity
3920:
3910:
3908:Dehumanization
3905:
3900:
3898:Cisnormativity
3895:
3890:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3874:Related topics
3873:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3718:State religion
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3654:Nuremberg Laws
3651:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3596:Ghetto benches
3593:
3591:Gerrymandering
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Gender pay gap
3573:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3353:Lavender scare
3350:
3348:Kill Haole Day
3345:
3343:Indian rolling
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3229:Eliminationism
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3164:Cancel culture
3161:
3156:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3138:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3133:Manifestations
3132:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3023:Middle Eastern
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2760:
2759:
2757:Zoroastrianism
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2684:Untouchability
2681:
2671:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2502:Leprosy stigma
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2179:
2178:
2176:Discrimination
2172:
2171:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1967:United Kingdom
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1812:Czech Republic
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1201:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1164:Ordoliberalism
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1041:Market economy
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
957:
955:Related topics
954:
953:
950:
949:
946:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
844:
841:
840:
837:
836:
833:
832:
827:
825:State monopoly
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
756:
753:
752:
749:
748:
745:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
698:
695:
694:
691:
690:
687:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
645:
644:
639:
634:
624:
619:
614:
609:
608:
607:
597:
592:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
446:
443:
442:
439:
438:
435:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
382:Liberalization
379:
374:
372:Invisible hand
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
287:Businessperson
284:
282:Business cycle
279:
274:
268:
265:
264:
261:
260:
254:
253:
241:
240:
223:
222:
183:of the subject
181:worldwide view
176:
174:
167:
160:
159:
74:
72:
65:
60:
34:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8005:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7965:
7963:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7900:
7898:
7892:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7862:
7860:
7854:International
7852:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7815:
7812:
7811:
7809:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7794:
7783:
7780:
7777:
7774:
7771:
7768:
7765:
7762:
7760:(South Korea)
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7737:
7734:
7731:
7728:
7725:
7722:
7719:
7716:
7713:
7710:
7707:
7704:
7701:
7698:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7673:
7670:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7644:
7641:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7620:
7617:
7614:
7611:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7597:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7587:
7581:
7578:
7576:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7547:
7545:
7543:International
7541:
7538:
7532:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7493:
7491:
7487:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7475:State capture
7473:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7418:Elite capture
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7396:
7395:
7393:
7389:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7372:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7330:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7236:
7234:
7230:
7227:
7225:of corruption
7221:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7200:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7170:
7168:
7164:
7160:
7153:
7148:
7146:
7141:
7139:
7134:
7133:
7130:
7123:
7120:
7116:
7112:
7108:
7104:
7100:
7096:
7091:
7088:
7084:
7080:
7076:
7072:
7068:
7064:
7060:
7056:
7052:
7047:
7043:
7039:
7035:
7031:
7027:
7023:
7018:
7014:
7010:
7006:
7002:
6998:
6994:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6975:
6971:
6970:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6949:
6945:
6941:
6937:
6933:
6932:Thesis Eleven
6928:
6924:
6920:
6916:
6912:
6909:(1): 175â91.
6908:
6904:
6899:
6895:
6891:
6887:
6883:
6880:(2): 117â32.
6879:
6875:
6870:
6866:
6862:
6858:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6833:
6829:
6825:
6822:(6): 653â61.
6821:
6817:
6812:
6808:
6804:
6800:
6796:
6793:(4): 220â33.
6792:
6788:
6783:
6771:
6767:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6746:
6742:
6738:
6735:(3): 81â105.
6734:
6730:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6713:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6696:
6692:
6688:
6684:
6680:
6677:(4): 439â58.
6676:
6672:
6667:
6660:
6656:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6638:
6634:
6627:
6622:
6621:
6611:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6592:
6591:
6579:
6567:
6563:
6559:
6553:
6546:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6519:
6504:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6484:
6479:
6465:
6461:
6457:
6451:
6436:
6432:
6426:
6419:
6406:
6402:
6398:
6392:
6385:
6371:
6366:
6362:
6355:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6328:
6321:
6314:
6301:
6297:
6293:
6287:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6256:
6240:
6236:
6230:
6223:
6218:
6202:
6198:
6192:
6177:
6173:
6167:
6151:
6147:
6141:
6135:
6131:
6125:
6119:Vernon (1989)
6116:
6100:
6096:
6092:
6086:
6071:
6070:Promarket.org
6067:
6060:
6053:
6048:
6040:
6036:
6035:New York Post
6032:
6025:
6018:
6016:
6012:
6008:
6004:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5975:
5968:
5955:
5951:
5950:
5945:
5939:
5924:
5923:
5918:
5911:
5904:
5902:
5895:
5889:
5885:
5878:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5852:
5845:
5837:
5830:
5822:
5821:The Economist
5818:
5812:
5804:
5800:
5795:
5788:
5780:
5776:
5775:The Economist
5772:
5766:
5758:
5751:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5720:
5712:
5711:The Economist
5708:
5702:
5686:
5680:
5672:
5671:The Economist
5668:
5662:
5647:
5643:
5636:
5620:
5616:
5610:
5594:
5593:The Economist
5590:
5584:
5582:
5573:
5572:The Economist
5569:
5563:
5556:
5554:
5540:
5536:
5532:
5525:
5514:September 25,
5510:
5503:
5488:
5484:
5477:
5469:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5422:
5416:. World Bank.
5415:
5409:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5368:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5317:
5309:
5305:
5300:
5293:
5277:
5273:
5267:
5260:
5255:
5249:
5244:
5243:
5234:
5218:
5215:
5209:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5134:
5125:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5099:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5064:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5027:
5010:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4995:
4989:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4978:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4956:State capture
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4841:James J. Hill
4837:
4833:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4809:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4765:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4748:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4717:
4715:
4703:
4693:
4687:
4684:This article
4682:
4673:
4672:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4655:Tavleen Singh
4652:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4638:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4531:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4516:robber barons
4513:
4509:
4505:
4502:, one of the
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4481:
4480:U.S. senators
4477:
4472:
4467:
4463:
4453:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4414:The Economist
4405:
4403:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4305:Park Geun-hye
4301:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4239:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4211:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4162:
4157:
4155:
4150:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4106:Social stigma
4104:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3871:
3870:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3740:
3739:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3713:State atheism
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3649:Jim Crow laws
3647:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3634:One-drop rule
3632:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:Blood quantum
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3527:
3526:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3490:Victimisation
3488:
3486:
3485:Trans bashing
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3455:Religious war
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3435:Racialization
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3306:Glass ceiling
3304:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3249:Ethnic hatred
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3184:Counter-jihad
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3130:
3129:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2966:United States
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2830:
2829:United States
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2742:Protestantism
2740:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:LDS or Mormon
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2579:Transmisogyny
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2482:Gerontophobia
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2402:Anti-intersex
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Anti-albinism
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2350:
2349:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2202:Institutional
2200:
2199:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2154:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2042:South America
2041:
2040:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1993:United States
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1975:North America
1974:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1455:Guinea-Bissau
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1327:State capture
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1287:Elite capture
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:Neoliberalism
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1099:Authoritarian
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1026:Globalization
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
986:Crisis theory
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
952:
951:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
845:
842:Intellectuals
839:
838:
831:
830:Technological
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
757:
751:
750:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
693:
692:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
628:
625:
623:
622:Institutional
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
606:
603:
602:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
587:
581:
580:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
482:
481:Laissez-faire
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
455:Authoritarian
453:
451:
448:
447:
441:
440:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
422:Surplus value
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
402:Privatization
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
269:
263:
262:
259:
256:
255:
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234:
219:
216:
208:
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194:
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175:
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156:
153:
145:
134:
131:
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124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103: â
102:
98:
97:Find sources:
91:
87:
81:
80:
75:This article
73:
69:
64:
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7685:(Madagascar)
7609:(Bangladesh)
7516:Vote pairing
7468:Rent-setting
7463:Rent-seeking
7423:Failed state
7407:
7323:Match fixing
7293:Embezzlement
7272:Corporation
7244:Black market
7101:(1): 35â39.
7098:
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7057:(1): 61â75.
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6976:(3): 34â40.
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6865:the original
6847:(5): 73â91.
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6770:the original
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6572:November 28,
6570:. Retrieved
6566:the original
6552:
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6538:November 26,
6536:. Retrieved
6532:the original
6524:John Stossel
6518:
6506:. Retrieved
6502:
6492:
6483:mercantilism
6475:
6470:November 26,
6468:. Retrieved
6464:the original
6450:
6438:. Retrieved
6434:
6425:
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6411:November 26,
6409:. Retrieved
6405:the original
6397:John Stossel
6391:
6382:
6377:November 27,
6375:. Retrieved
6370:the original
6364:
6354:
6342:. Retrieved
6331:The Guardian
6330:
6320:
6311:
6304:. Retrieved
6300:the original
6292:Robin Hahnel
6286:
6274:. Retrieved
6270:the original
6255:
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5960:December 13,
5958:. Retrieved
5954:the original
5947:
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5928:December 13,
5926:. Retrieved
5920:
5910:
5901:mercantilism
5897:
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5738:. Retrieved
5734:the original
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5689:. Retrieved
5679:
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5651:February 14,
5649:. Retrieved
5645:
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5609:
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5358:
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5327:The Atlantic
5325:
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5292:
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5266:
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5216:
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5014:. Retrieved
5009:the original
5001:
4946:Rent-seeking
4921:Mercantilism
4828:
4820:mercantilism
4805:
4799:
4781:
4764:Robin Hahnel
4761:
4751:
4742:Noam Chomsky
4723:
4710:
4697:
4690:Please help
4685:
4658:
4641:
4626:
4622:
4607:
4586:
4584:
4560:
4535:the Pentagon
4532:
4528:price fixing
4518:. President
4484:
4435:
4428:
4412:
4411:
4399:
4339:
4322:
4289:corporations
4282:
4279:
4272:
4268:Jaime Ongpin
4263:
4259:
4245:
4219:rent seeking
4212:
4175:
4171:
4170:
3940:Gender-blind
3819:Human rights
3639:Racial quota
3626:
3606:Jewish quota
3586:Gerontocracy
3581:Gender roles
3559:Disabilities
3544:Blood purity
3510:Wife selling
3500:White flight
3480:Slut-shaming
3460:Scapegoating
3378:Murder music
3043:Palestinians
2861:South Africa
2846:Black people
2824:South Africa
2637:Christianity
2627:Bahåʟà Faith
2547:Sectarianism
2487:Heterosexism
2452:Ephebiphobia
2417:Antisemitism
2412:Anti-Masonry
2271:Hair texture
1751:Turkmenistan
1520:South Africa
1510:Sierra Leone
1076:Wage slavery
1016:Evergreening
779:
727:Mercantilism
674:Neoclassical
502:Mercantilist
479:
412:Rent seeking
377:Visible hand
229:
211:
202:
178:
148:
139:
129:
122:
115:
108:
96:
84:Please help
79:verification
76:
52:
45:
39:
38:Please help
35:
18:
7858:and efforts
7856:instruments
7807:enforcement
7749:(Singapore)
7662:(Indonesia)
7598:(Argentina)
7480:State crime
7438:Mafia state
7433:Kleptocracy
7398:Clientelism
7365:Tax evasion
7248:Grey market
6508:October 16,
6478:Sarah Palin
6456:Ben Shapiro
6306:December 4,
6276:October 21,
6156:November 6,
6105:February 9,
6007:Dick Cheney
5438:(1): 5â52.
4966:Zhao family
4915:Licence Raj
4816:corporatism
4808:Ben Shapiro
4796:free market
4788:neoliberals
4734:Jane Jacobs
4599:kleptocracy
4591:tax evasion
4571:Freddie Mac
4387:rule of law
4379:Wu Jinglian
4309:Lee Kun-hee
4295:In practice
4221:using this
3834:Nonviolence
3829:LGBT rights
3794:Empowerment
3762:Anti-racism
3676:Segregation
3621:No kid zone
3415:Persecution
3328:Hate speech
3279:Gay bashing
3254:Ethnic joke
3209:Dog whistle
3154:Blood libel
2841:Azerbaijani
2737:Neopaganism
2730:Persecution
2696:Persecution
2679:Persecution
2642:Catholicism
2569:Transphobia
2552:Supremacism
2507:Lesbophobia
2422:Aporophobia
2382:Anti-autism
2217:Taste-based
2212:Statistical
2116:New Zealand
2019:El Salvador
2009:Costa Rica
1957:Switzerland
1892:Netherlands
1721:South Korea
1711:Philippines
1701:North Korea
1571:Afghanistan
1525:South Sudan
1302:Mafia state
1297:Kleptocracy
1159:Objectivism
1144:Libertarian
1061:Speculation
981:Consumerism
815:Progressive
754:Development
737:Physiocracy
684:Supply-side
492:Libertarian
470:Free-market
450:Anglo-Saxon
432:Wage labour
387:Marginalism
357:Free market
312:Corporation
7973:Capitalism
7962:Categories
7933:Yo Soy 132
7778:(Tanzania)
7708:(Pakistan)
7621:(Cameroon)
7448:Plutocracy
7403:Coronelism
7360:Slush fund
7159:Corruption
6588:References
6207:January 8,
6134:James Watt
5691:October 9,
5625:August 11,
5282:January 3,
4772:neoliberal
4768:apologetic
4753:Ravi Batra
4726:socialists
4637:James Watt
4595:plutocracy
4587:de rigueur
4567:Fannie Mae
4522:appointed
4508:steamboats
4460:See also:
4425:In finance
4391:Pei Minxin
4385:under the
4369:under the
4215:the market
4200:tax breaks
4192:corruption
4184:businesses
4116:Stereotype
4111:Speciesism
3992:Oppression
3987:Oikophobia
3883:Allophilia
3859:Toleration
3708:Sodomy law
3601:Internment
3515:Witch-hunt
3393:Blackhawks
3323:Hate group
3311:Hate crime
3284:Gendercide
3274:Freak show
3264:Excellence
3224:Employment
3194:Defamation
3118:Vietnamese
3113:Venezuelan
3003:Lithuanian
2669:Falun Gong
2596:Xenophobia
2591:Vegaphobia
2574:Non-binary
2532:Pedophobia
2497:Homophobia
2301:Skin color
2261:Disability
2232:Attributes
2207:Structural
1887:Montenegro
1877:Luxembourg
1756:Uzbekistan
1736:Tajikistan
1676:Kazakhstan
1671:Kyrgyzstan
1621:East Timor
1591:Bangladesh
1581:Azerbaijan
1317:Slush fund
1139:Liberalism
1124:Humanistic
1109:Democratic
1088:Ideologies
923:Schumpeter
669:Monetarist
600:Chartalism
547:Regulatory
522:Neoliberal
475:Humanistic
258:Capitalism
205:March 2022
142:March 2022
112:newspapers
41:improve it
7896:movements
7816:(pending)
7784:(Vietnam)
7772:(Ukraine)
7732:(Romania)
7726:(Romania)
7702:(Nigeria)
7696:(Myanmar)
7674:(Liberia)
7645:(Croatia)
7615:(Burundi)
7489:Elections
7370:Tax haven
7298:Extortion
7258:Collusion
7239:Baksheesh
7115:256404137
7042:154708681
7013:154229321
6999:: 77â99.
6952:144254578
6938:: 47â66.
6894:153920491
6720:154881364
6641:CiteSeerX
6639:: 15â45.
6339:0261-3077
5553:dirigisme
5468:155197168
5452:1598-2408
5367:0362-4331
5172:256404137
5090:256404137
5055:154030054
5016:March 27,
4543:subsidies
4367:Adani SEZ
4363:coal-gate
4355:oligarchs
4351:dirigisme
4227:oligopoly
4089:Christian
4017:Prejudice
3965:Masculism
3913:Diversity
3691:religious
3666:Redlining
3259:Ethnocide
3219:Education
3103:Ukrainian
3038:Pakistani
3028:Mongolian
2956:Australia
2938:Hungarian
2893:Colombian
2873:Bulgarian
2747:Rastafari
2701:Ahmadiyya
2612:Religious
2584:Trans men
2542:Pregnancy
2477:Gayphobia
2472:Fatphobia
2367:Acephobia
2362:Arophobia
2338:Viewpoint
2111:Australia
2095:Venezuela
2050:Argentina
2034:Nicaragua
1872:Lithuania
1726:Sri Lanka
1716:Singapore
1636:Indonesia
1480:Mauritius
1179:Third Way
1169:Privatism
1129:Inclusive
1114:Dirigisme
908:von Mises
795:Illiberal
775:Corporate
770:Community
717:Feudalism
627:Keynesian
617:Classical
460:Corporate
272:Austerity
193:talk page
47:talk page
7805:Laws and
7738:(Russia)
7720:(Poland)
7668:(Latvia)
7627:(China)
7589:National
7443:Nepotism
7413:Cronyism
7318:Kickback
7095:Decision
7079:18930227
6969:Contexts
6962:(2003).
6776:July 24,
6757:15515343
6659:Archived
6526:(2010).
6458:(2011).
6440:March 4,
6399:(2010).
6384:economy.
6344:June 28,
6266:Truthout
6245:June 28,
6181:April 6,
6075:March 4,
5995:July 22,
5803:Archived
5779:Archived
5646:The Wire
5599:April 4,
5545:July 22,
5492:April 4,
5460:23417862
5398:June 28,
5372:June 28,
5334:July 11,
5308:Archived
5276:Archived
5223:July 23,
5152:Decision
5070:Decision
4951:Stamocap
4880:Cronyism
4863:See also
4700:May 2016
4610:Alawites
4548:Iraq War
4446:lobbying
4402:cronyism
4371:Congress
4334:barriers
4223:monopoly
4176:cronyism
4128:The talk
4064:Snobbery
3982:Net bias
3804:Feminism
3723:Ugly law
3564:Catholic
3530:Policies
3373:Mortgage
3368:Lynching
3299:examples
3294:Genocide
3214:Economic
3199:Democide
3159:Bullying
3068:Romanian
3033:Nigerian
2983:Japanese
2918:Georgian
2903:Filipino
2836:Assyrian
2809:Armenian
2799:American
2794:Albanian
2774:national
2752:Yazidism
2674:Hinduism
2632:Buddhism
2527:Nepotism
2522:Misogyny
2517:Misandry
2442:Cronyism
2437:Clannism
2432:Biphobia
2372:Adultism
2281:Language
2168:a series
2166:Part of
2080:Paraguay
2070:Colombia
2029:Honduras
1942:Slovenia
1937:Slovakia
1917:Portugal
1802:Bulgaria
1741:Thailand
1706:Pakistan
1686:Malaysia
1606:Cambodia
1555:Zimbabwe
1535:Tanzania
1445:Ethiopia
1410:Cameroon
1405:Botswana
1337:Throffer
1307:Nepotism
1272:Cronyism
1006:Cronyism
918:Rothbard
893:Marshall
878:Friedman
810:Merchant
765:Consumer
760:Advanced
595:Austrian
590:American
517:National
512:Monopoly
465:Dirigist
367:Investor
277:Business
266:Concepts
250:a series
248:Part of
187:You may
7968:Bribery
7894:Protest
7766:(Spain)
7656:(India)
7355:Scandal
7253:Bribery
7232:General
7071:3875215
6923:3694264
6861:4380313
6807:7156823
6749:1555469
6691:4150189
6011:Bechtel
4347:liberal
4317:chaebol
3935:Figleaf
3338:Housing
3098:Turkish
3048:Pashtun
3018:Mexican
2998:Kurdish
2978:Italian
2928:Haitian
2913:Finnish
2888:Chinese
2883:Chechen
2878:Catalan
2868:Bengali
2789:African
2772:Ethnic/
2725:Judaism
2716:Sunnism
2706:Shi'ism
2622:Atheism
2447:Elitism
2328:Species
2266:Genetic
2256:Dialect
2103:Oceania
2090:Uruguay
2075:Ecuador
2055:Bolivia
1962:Ukraine
1922:Romania
1882:Moldova
1852:Ireland
1847:Iceland
1842:Hungary
1832:Germany
1822:Finland
1817:Denmark
1807:Croatia
1792:Belgium
1787:Austria
1782:Albania
1761:Vietnam
1691:Myanmar
1681:Lebanon
1626:Georgia
1586:Bahrain
1576:Armenia
1540:Tunisia
1515:Somalia
1505:Senegal
1500:Nigeria
1490:Namibia
1485:Morocco
1470:Liberia
1465:Lesotho
1440:Eritrea
1420:Comoros
1267:Bribery
1134:Liberal
1094:Anarcho
1031:History
863:Malthus
858:Ricardo
820:Rentier
805:Marxist
785:Finance
696:Origins
664:Marxist
612:Chicago
572:Welfare
532:Private
487:Liberal
307:Company
292:Capital
126:scholar
7683:BIANCO
7113:
7077:
7069:
7040:
7011:
6950:
6921:
6892:
6859:
6805:
6755:
6747:
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6606:
6337:
5890:
5535:Policy
5466:
5458:
5450:
5365:
5250:
5170:
5088:
5053:
5034:Kyklos
4121:threat
3975:autism
3696:sexual
3686:racial
3569:Jewish
3420:Pogrom
3398:Chiefs
3388:Braves
3108:Uyghur
3083:Somali
3078:Slavic
3063:Romani
3058:Quebec
3053:Polish
2993:Korean
2988:Jewish
2961:Canada
2948:Indian
2933:Hazara
2908:Fulani
2819:France
2784:Afghan
2711:Sufism
2427:Audism
2353:Social
2276:Height
2060:Brazil
1988:Mexico
1983:Canada
1952:Sweden
1932:Serbia
1927:Russia
1912:Poland
1907:Norway
1867:Latvia
1862:Kosovo
1837:Greece
1827:France
1774:Europe
1746:Turkey
1666:Kuwait
1661:Jordan
1651:Israel
1616:Cyprus
1601:Brunei
1596:Bhutan
1550:Zambia
1545:Uganda
1475:Malawi
1400:Angola
1392:Africa
1322:Simony
933:Weaver
928:Veblen
903:Walras
898:Pareto
888:Keynes
790:Global
557:Social
527:Nordic
497:Market
407:Profit
128:
121:
114:
107:
99:
7643:USKOK
7391:State
7303:Fraud
7281:Shell
7276:Dummy
7111:S2CID
7075:S2CID
7067:JSTOR
7038:S2CID
7009:S2CID
6948:S2CID
6919:JSTOR
6890:S2CID
6857:JSTOR
6803:S2CID
6753:S2CID
6745:JSTOR
6716:S2CID
6687:JSTOR
6662:(PDF)
6629:(PDF)
6418:mess.
6015:Fluor
5464:S2CID
5456:JSTOR
5168:S2CID
5086:S2CID
5051:S2CID
4973:Notes
4738:power
4196:crony
4099:white
3430:Purge
3088:Tatar
3013:MÄori
3008:Malay
2973:Irish
2923:Greek
2898:Croat
2856:China
2814:Asian
2691:Islam
2557:White
2286:Looks
2251:Class
2246:Caste
2193:Forms
2065:Chile
2024:Haiti
1947:Spain
1857:Italy
1766:Yemen
1731:Syria
1696:Nepal
1656:Japan
1631:India
1611:China
1530:Sudan
1495:Niger
1460:Kenya
1450:Ghana
1430:Egypt
943:Coase
938:Weber
883:Hayek
848:Smith
780:Crony
642:Post-
562:State
552:Rhine
507:Mixed
427:Value
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195:, or
133:JSTOR
119:books
6778:2013
6604:ISBN
6574:2011
6545:way.
6540:2011
6510:2021
6472:2011
6442:2021
6413:2011
6379:2011
6346:2023
6335:ISSN
6308:2011
6278:2011
6247:2023
6209:2015
6183:2018
6158:2014
6132:and
6107:2013
6077:2023
6013:and
5997:2012
5962:2011
5930:2011
5888:ISBN
5869:Puck
5742:2011
5693:2013
5653:2017
5627:2013
5601:2014
5547:2012
5516:2020
5494:2014
5448:ISSN
5400:2023
5392:NCUA
5374:2023
5363:ISSN
5336:2012
5284:2020
5248:ISBN
5225:2019
5018:2014
4847:and
4790:and
4728:and
4589:and
4569:and
4550:and
4464:and
4436:The
4373:and
4311:and
4264:Time
4260:Time
4094:male
3893:Bias
3316:LGBT
3093:Thai
3073:Serb
2943:Igbo
2804:Arab
2562:Male
2333:Size
2313:Rank
2085:Peru
2014:Cuba
1646:Iraq
1641:Iran
1563:Asia
1415:Chad
913:Rand
873:Marx
853:Mill
800:Late
632:Neo-
105:news
7660:KPK
7103:doi
7059:doi
7030:doi
7001:doi
6978:doi
6940:doi
6911:doi
6882:doi
6849:doi
6824:doi
6795:doi
6737:doi
6708:doi
6679:doi
6651:doi
5440:doi
5160:doi
5119:doi
5078:doi
5043:doi
4814:or
4375:BJP
4277:.
4250:of
4225:or
3681:age
2318:Sex
2241:Age
1149:Neo
1119:Eco
868:Say
637:New
605:MMT
537:Raw
88:by
7964::
7246:/
7109:.
7099:46
7097:.
7073:.
7065:.
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7053:.
7036:.
7028:.
7024:.
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6997:16
6995:.
6972:.
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6934:.
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