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Croatia–Holy See relations

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about legal matters, ratified on February 9, 1997; the fourth is about economic cooperation, ratified on December 4, 1998. These concordats have allowed the Catholic Church to provide religious education in state primary and secondary schools, establish Catholic schools, conduct pastoral care among Catholics in the armed forces and police, and to get financed from the state budget. As regards to financing, the Church has received the following amounts of money over the last decade: 2001, 461.3 million kunas; 2004-2007, 532 million kunas; 2008-2011, 475.5 million kunas; 2012–2013, 523.5 million kunas; plus around 200 million kunas each year for teachers of religious studies in schools, and around 60 million kunas for maintenance of churches which are considered to be a cultural heritage. These contracts, in particular the fourth one, triggered numerous critics.
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between church and state. It, among other things, stated that "the Catholic Church, in its religious framework, cannot misuse its religious and church functions in order for it to have a political character." On August 15, 1970, Yugoslavia and the Holy See established diplomatic relations at the level of ambassadors. Yugoslavia became the first socialist republic with whom the Holy See established diplomatic relations following the more liberal direction it took after the
139: 1956: 46: 674: 1222:, become one of the most keen advocates of Croatian recognition by the international community. Although the Holy See is cautious in recognizing new states, it announced on October 3, 1991, that its diplomacy was working actively on Croatian international recognition. On December 20, 1991, the Holy See announced its intentions to recognize Croatia as an independent state. On November 21, 1992, 1156:
addressed words of welcome to the President on its front page with the words "Greetings President Tito". According to the Croatian diplomat and Vatican analyst Vjekoslav Cvrlje who served as a first Ambassador of Yugoslavia to the Holy See, President Tito was given special attention by the Pope. When
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Croatia and the Holy See signed four concordats. The first is about cooperation in the field of education and culture; ratified on January 24, 1997; the second is about spiritual guidance of Catholics who are members of the Croatian armed forces and police, ratified on January 24, 1997; the third is
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in 1953, which triggered a reaction from the Yugoslav government. SFR Yugoslavia cut diplomatic relations with the Holy See, accusing it of interfering in internal state affairs. Stepinac was put on trial and eventually found guilty for his cooperation with the Nazi occupiers during the WWII. The
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of Croats began in the 7th century, but the claim is disputed and is generally associated with the 9th century. Croats had first contact with the Holy See in year 641 when the papal envoy Abbot Martin came to them in order to redeem Christian captives and the bones of the martyrs that Croats were
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by which the two states established very limited relations on the level of government delegates to the Holy See and an Apostolic delegate with the function of envoy to Yugoslavia. This Protocol did not made it possible to sign a concordat or any other legal document that would regulate relations
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wrote that Pavelić was anxious to get diplomatic relations and a Vatican blessing for the new Catholic state but that "neither was forthcoming" because the Holy See has been linked to its traditional practice of not recognizing newly created entities during wartime. However,
1262:. He also officially opened and blessed the building of the Apostolic Nunciature in Zagreb. John Paul visited Croatia two more times; from October 2 to 4, 1998, during which he canonized Cardinal Stepinac at the Eucharistic celebration in the Croatian National shrine of 842:
in which he promised him loyalty and obedience. Pope John VIII replied with a letter on June 7, 879, in which he wrote that he celebrated a Mass at the tomb of St. Peter at which he invoked God's blessing on Branimir and his (Croatian) people. In year 925 Croatian King
1294:. He left with words: "I greet you beloved Croatian people! Thank you young Croatians as well. May God bless you, Croatian land! God bless you! May God continue to bless and protect Croatia! It will always have a privileged place in my love and in my prayers!" Then 1165:
and many other senior Vatican officials. During his address to the Pope, Tito said: "Your Holiness, I'm especially pleased to have this opportunity to meet with you and to convey to you the assurance of a high respect from the people and government of Yugoslavia."
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in which the Holy See urged their countries to recognize Croatia as soon as possible. The Holy See officially recognized Croatia as an independent state on January 13, 1992, thus becoming the fifth fully independent country to do so.
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wanted Croatia's independence from the Serb dominated Yugoslavia which he considered to be "the jail of the Croatian nation" so he arranged an audience between Pavelić and Pope Pius XII. Paris stated that in Stepinac's journal,
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a Croatian national church but Stepinac refused, which eventually resulted in attacks on the bishops in the summer of 1952. Pope Pius XII, wishing to pay tribute to archbishop Stepinac for his faithfulness, elevated him to the
787:, the Croats had arrived in what is today Croatia in the early 7th century AD, however that claim is disputed and competing hypotheses date the event between the 6th and the 9th centuries. According to Constantine VII, 990:
which claimed that the Catholic Church would be privileged. So the Catholic Church remained the only religious community in the Kingdom which did not have regularized relations with the state. During this period,
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Akmadža, Miroslav (2004). "Pregovori Svete Stolice i Jugoslavije i potpisivanje protokola iz 1966. godine" [Negotiations between the Holy See and Yugoslavia and the signing of the 1966 protocol].
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wrote that the creation of the NDH was initially welcomed by the hierarchy of the Catholic Church and by many Catholic priests mostly because Pavelić was pro-Catholic, viewing
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After Croatia declared independence from SFR Yugoslavia in June 1991 due to a series of political upheavals and conflicts within the Federation, the Holy See, namely
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in return. Since emperor Constantine did not mention the Pope's name, historians have different opinions about the agreement. Some, like
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as the converted people, so Stjepan Krizin Sakač believed that Croats indeed made an agreement with Pope Agatho in year 679.
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According to the 2011 census, 86.28% of Croatia's 4,5 million people declared themselves Roman Catholics.
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in front of about a million people on the occasion of the 900th anniversary of the establishment of the
2310: 2065: 2019: 1104: 938: 868: 499: 282: 128: 978:. Negotiations on the concordat between the Kingdom and the Holy See were led in 1936 by the Yugoslav 766: 852: 819:, believed that it is legitimate mostly due to the style of writing which matches with that of the 779: 387: 1153: 1044: 987: 290: 1549:"M. Prpa: Antemurale Christianitatis – Predziđe kršćanstva - Portal Hrvatskoga kulturnog vijeća" 893:. He entered Zadar on a white horse, and was welcomed by a huge crowd that was singing songs in 652: 392: 1714:[Tito's visit to the Vatican is proof that he already knew how the USSR would collapse] 1142: 996: 771: 721: 138: 1447: 1259: 975: 1747: 1505: 2862: 1696: 1125: 898: 214: 633: 503: 8: 1243: 1120: 1068: 844: 835: 824: 531: 348: 333: 816: 812: 495: 1742: 1064: 906: 874: 742: 678: 397: 1399:[Christianization of Croats according to the most recent scientific results]. 475: 1894: 1644: 1612: 1467: 1435: 1408: 1295: 1219: 1211: 1082: 1077: 894: 750: 656: 628: 470: 1584:
Tajana Lušić, Joško Klisović: Ugovor između Svete Stolice i Republike Hrvatske, p. 8
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tried to break the centuries-long link between Croatia and the Holy See by offering
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which the Church saw as an opportunity to strengthen its position. British writer
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keeping, as well as to evangelize the Croats, and to turn them from paganism.
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After 13 years, on June 25, 1966, SFR Yugoslavia and the Holy See signed the
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that lasted from the 15th to 19th century Croats strongly fought against the
859:(king), so that is why Tomislav is considered to be the first Croatian king. 746: 1471: 1309: 877:
became the first pope to visit Croatian territories. Pope Alexander visited
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President Tito and some other officials who participated in the trial.
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Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina
1407:(3–4). University of Zagreb, Catholic Faculty of Theology: 440–444. 1291: 1032: 986:). Negotiations were eventually terminated due to opposition by the 2405: 1834:"TV GLEDANOST: Prijenos Papa u Hrvatskoj: HTV gledaniji od Nove TV" 1036: 1025: 963: 729: 673: 61: 1573: 1169:
The highest ranking Croatian prelate in the Holy See was cardinal
1955: 1174: 1022: 749:(1800) were the first popes to visit Croatian territories, while 725: 602: 50: 1331: 1299: 1287: 1275: 1255: 929: 84: 924:
which resulted in the fact that the westernmost border of the
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Ljudevit Auer and Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli (who later become
886: 828: 1397:"Pokrštenje Hrvata prema najnovijim znanstvenim rezultatima" 753:
was the first pope to visit the Republic of Croatia (1994).
1746:(Interview). Interviewed by Šenol Selimović. Archived from 1428:"Papa Ivan IV. Zadranin i misija opata Martina 641. godine" 1324: 1246:. This was on September 10, 1994, during the period of the 1048: 78: 1214:
emerges from the Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb, 2011
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in 1855 regulating the Catholic Church within the empire.
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According to emperor Constantine, Croats made a pact with
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Treaties between the Republic of Croatia and the Holy See
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where he signed an agreement with the Holy Roman Emperor
1770:"Hrvatska obilježava obljetnicu međunarodnog priznanja" 1376: 1148:
In March 1971, president Tito visited the Holy See and
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Pope John Paul II become the first pope to visit the
1791:"Povijesno vjersko priznanje za samostalnu Hrvatsku" 1232:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
901:. This was documented on the memorial plaque in the 1574:Ženidbeno (bračno) pravo u 19. stoljeću u Hrvatskoj 1270:; from June 5 to 9, 2003, during which he visited 827:. According to other sources, the Pope addressed 2920: 2888:Heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See 1432:Radovi Zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zadru 2908:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia) 1595:The Catholic Church and the Holocaust 1930-1965 1317: 969: 1394: 783:written by the 10th-century Byzantine Emperor 2388: 1938: 815:, consider it to be fake, while others, like 698: 1831: 1452:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2898:Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See 1853: 1009:Catholic clergy involvement with the Ustaše 736:, although they date far back in history. 2395: 2381: 1945: 1931: 1740:[How I brought Tito to the Pope]. 1323:Croatia has an embassy to the Holy See in 1313:Embassy of Croatia to the Holy See in Rome 1203:in honor of the visit of Pope John Paul II 1179:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 705: 691: 1709: 1663: 1597:, Indiana University Press; 2000, pg. 32. 159:History of the Catholic Church in Croatia 2336:Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs 1695:(2). Osijek: Faculty of Pedagogy at the 1330:Holy See has an Apostolic Nunciature in 1308: 1206: 1194: 1113:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 765: 1812:"Kronologija Papinih posjeta Hrvatskoj" 1685: 1643:]. Zagreb: Barbat. pp. 39–40. 1609:Genocide in Satellite Croatia 1941-1945 1002: 2921: 1732: 1466: 578:Province of Saints Cyril and Methodius 2376: 1926: 1878: 1710:Tomašević, Silvije (4 October 2011). 1606: 1425: 1382: 1184: 932:became entrenched on the soil of the 163:History of Croatia–Holy See relations 1587: 1578: 1426:Josip, Škunca, Stanko (2006-09-05). 1250:. On September 11, the Pope led the 1092: 1085:on August 3 noted that the Holy See 974:In 1918, Croatia become part of the 954:After 1527, Croatia was part of the 2949:Bilateral relations of the Holy See 1882:Hrvatska povijest devetoga stoljeća 1631: 1302:, Croatia, from June 4 to 5, 2011. 598:Province of Saint Joseph the Father 13: 1553:Portal Hrvatskoga kulturnog vijeća 1115:. At first, president and marshal 936:. In 1519, Croatia was called the 570:Province of the Most Holy Redeemer 14: 2960: 2411:Foreign relations of the Holy See 1893:(in Croatian). Naklada Bošković. 1350:Foreign relations of the Holy See 2453: 2435:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2404: 2346:Croatia–Slovenia border disputes 1988: 1954: 1832:Klara Rožman (2011-06-06). 897:. He bowed before the relics of 672: 608:Province of the Society of Jesus 137: 110: 55: 44: 25: 2830:Organization of American States 2362:Foreign relations of Yugoslavia 1854:Goran Penić (2014-11-13). 1847: 1825: 1804: 1783: 1762: 1726: 1703: 1679: 1657: 1625: 1600: 1035:movement. The regime pursued a 949: 834:In the year 879, Croatian duke 299:Military Ordinariate of Croatia 231:Episcopal Conference of Croatia 2944:Bilateral relations of Croatia 2327:Diplomatic missions of Croatia 1887:Croatian Ninth Century History 1872: 1673:Texas A&M University Press 1566: 1541: 1520: 1494: 1485: 1460: 1419: 1388: 1021:(NDH), was established by the 862: 275:Catholic University of Croatia 203:Historical sacral architecture 1: 2934:1992 establishments in Europe 2341:Croatia–Serbia border dispute 1689:Časopis za suvremenu povijest 1395:Antun Ivandija (April 1968). 1370: 1365:Holy See–Yugoslavia relations 1107:, Croatia become part of the 1099:Holy See–Yugoslavia relations 1055:, and many others. Historian 851:on the occasion of the first 761: 267:Archdiocesan Gymnasium Zagreb 247:Archdiocese of Split-Makarska 2893:Legal status of the Holy See 2845:Observer to the UN in Geneva 1961:Foreign relations of Croatia 1355:Roman Catholicism in Croatia 1345:Foreign relations of Croatia 1318:Resident diplomatic missions 1248:Croatian War of Independence 1019:Independent State of Croatia 970:In the Kingdom of Yugoslavia 259:Archdiocese of Đakovo-Osijek 162: 7: 2868:Cardinal Secretary of State 1491:De administrando imperio 31 1360:Apostolic Nuncio to Croatia 1338: 1228:Cardinal Secretary of State 1161:he was greeted by Cardinal 618:Province of Saint Don Bosco 588:Croatian Dominican Province 536:Church of Saint Chrysogonus 271:Pontifical Croatian College 10: 2965: 2929:Croatia–Holy See relations 1738:"Kako sam Tita doveo Papi" 1188: 1096: 1006: 939:Antemurale Christianitatis 869:Antemurale Christianitatis 866: 756: 718:Croatia–Holy See relations 500:Cathedral of Saint Domnius 283:Croatian Catholic movement 20:Croatia–Holy See relations 2855: 2797: 2776: 2760: 2659: 2528: 2462: 2451: 2417: 2354: 2319: 2296: 2280: 2114: 2038: 1997: 1986: 1967: 770:Baptism of the Croats by 95: 90: 76: 71: 67: 54: 43: 33: 24: 2430:Central African Republic 780:De Administrando Imperio 251:Diocese of Hvar-Brač-Vis 2071:Kurdistan Region (Iraq) 1063:as an integral part of 988:Serbian Orthodox Church 853:Church Council of Split 847:was corresponding with 291:Croatian Catholic Radio 83:Holy See nunciature in 2798:Multilateral relations 2672:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2137:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1641:History of the Vatican 1611:. King's. p. 23. 1607:Paris, Edmond (1961). 1314: 1215: 1204: 1143:Second Vatican Council 997:Croatian Peasant Party 777:According to the work 774: 722:bilateral relationship 679:Catholicism portal 574:Province of St. Jerome 523:Churches & shrines 2877:Diplomatic missions: 2445:Republic of the Congo 1312: 1260:Archdiocese of Zagreb 1210: 1198: 976:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 918:Croatian–Ottoman Wars 769: 255:Archdiocese of Rijeka 243:Archdiocese of Zagreb 144:Baptistry of Višeslav 2939:1992 in Christianity 2903:Secretariat of State 2863:Apostolic nunciature 2646:United Arab Emirates 1879:Mužić, Ivan (2007). 1697:University of Osijek 1572:Ljiljana Dobrovšak. 1434:(in Croatian) (48). 1157:Tito arrived at the 1154:L'Osservatore Romano 1129:Holy See reacted by 1126:College of Cardinals 1089:recognised the NDH. 1003:During World War Two 653:Krunoslav Draganović 528:St. Michael's Church 303:Apostolic Nunciature 215:Church of St Donatus 183:Archdiocese of Split 179:Archdiocese of Zadar 171:Diocese of Dubrovnik 77:Croatian embassy in 1750:on 11 November 2005 1385:, pp. 249–293. 1244:Republic of Croatia 1181:from 1968 to 1981. 1121:Archbishop Stepinac 1069:Peter Hebblethwaite 1039:policy against the 980:Minister of Justice 873:On March 13, 1177, 532:Euphrasian Basilica 167:Historical dioceses 21: 16:Bilateral relations 2840:Observer to the UN 1743:Slobodna Dalmacija 1401:Bogoslovska smotra 1315: 1254:ic celebration in 1234:to the Holy See a 1216: 1205: 1199:Statue erected on 1185:After independence 907:Republic of Venice 875:Pope Alexander III 838:wrote a letter to 775: 743:Pope Alexander III 187:Diocese of Šibenik 72:Diplomatic mission 19: 2916: 2915: 2820:Council of Europe 2370: 2369: 1900:978-953-263-034-3 1736:(12 April 2005). 1734:Cvrlje, Vjekoslav 1637:Povijest Vatikana 1593:Phayer, Michael. 1296:Pope Benedict XVI 1220:Pope John Paul II 1212:Pope Benedict XVI 1093:In SFR Yugoslavia 1083:Aloysius Stepinac 1078:Aloysius Stepinac 1015:Nazi puppet state 958:, which signed a 772:Bela Čikoš Sesija 751:Pope John Paul II 715: 714: 657:Aloysius Stepinac 634:Ilača apparitions 629:Marian apparition 504:Šibenik Cathedral 471:Aloysius Stepinac 195:Historical people 105: 104: 2956: 2768:Papua New Guinea 2581:Kurdistan Region 2457: 2409: 2408: 2397: 2390: 2383: 2374: 2373: 1992: 1959: 1958: 1947: 1940: 1933: 1924: 1923: 1919: 1917: 1915: 1910:on 8 August 2019 1909: 1903:. Archived from 1892: 1867: 1866: 1864: 1863: 1851: 1845: 1844: 1842: 1841: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1808: 1802: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1787: 1781: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1766: 1760: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1707: 1701: 1700: 1683: 1677: 1676: 1665:Velikonja, Mitja 1661: 1655: 1654: 1633:Mercier, Jacques 1629: 1623: 1622: 1604: 1598: 1591: 1585: 1582: 1576: 1570: 1564: 1563: 1561: 1559: 1545: 1539: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1524: 1518: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1504:. Archived from 1498: 1492: 1489: 1483: 1482: 1480: 1479: 1464: 1458: 1457: 1451: 1443: 1423: 1417: 1416: 1392: 1386: 1380: 1173:who served as a 1163:Giovanni Benelli 1159:Ciampino Airport 1105:Second World War 1045:Eastern Orthodox 995:, leader of the 934:Croatian Kingdom 813:Tadija Smičiklas 789:Christianization 707: 700: 693: 677: 676: 548:Our Lady of Sinj 512:Trogir Cathedral 496:Đakovo Cathedral 492:Zagreb Cathedral 462:Nicholas Tavelic 447:Canonized people 423:Rrok Gjonlleshaj 388:Antun Škvorčević 383:Vjekoslav Huzjak 239:List of dioceses 211:Church in Cetina 141: 114: 107: 106: 59: 58: 48: 47: 29: 22: 18: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2958: 2957: 2955: 2954: 2953: 2919: 2918: 2917: 2912: 2883:to the Holy See 2879:of the Holy See 2851: 2793: 2772: 2756: 2712:North Macedonia 2655: 2524: 2458: 2449: 2413: 2403: 2401: 2371: 2366: 2350: 2315: 2292: 2276: 2217:North Macedonia 2110: 2034: 1993: 1984: 1963: 1953: 1951: 1913: 1911: 1907: 1901: 1890: 1875: 1870: 1861: 1859: 1852: 1848: 1839: 1837: 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Index

Map indicating locations of Croatia and Holy See
Croatia
Holy See
Rome
Zagreb
Giuseppe Pinto

a series
Catholic Church
in Croatia


Baptistry of Višeslav
History
History of the Catholic Church in Croatia
History of Croatia–Holy See relations
Diocese of Dubrovnik
Diocese of Ston
Archdiocese of Zadar
Archdiocese of Split
Diocese of Šibenik
Diocese of Nin
Gregory of Nin
Church in Nin
Church in Cetina
Church of St Donatus
Organisation
Episcopal Conference of Croatia
List of dioceses
Archdiocese of Zagreb
Archdiocese of Split-Makarska
Diocese of Hvar-Brač-Vis

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